TWI417103B - Hla-a*1101限制性wt1胜肽及含有該限制性胜肽之醫藥組成物 - Google Patents
Hla-a*1101限制性wt1胜肽及含有該限制性胜肽之醫藥組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI417103B TWI417103B TW096149840A TW96149840A TWI417103B TW I417103 B TWI417103 B TW I417103B TW 096149840 A TW096149840 A TW 096149840A TW 96149840 A TW96149840 A TW 96149840A TW I417103 B TWI417103 B TW I417103B
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Description
本發明係有關HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽,詳細而言,係有關一種含有由源自WT1蛋白質之9個連續胺基酸所構成之胺基酸序列的胜肽,並且該胜肽具有與HLA-A*1101分子結合能力、且具有CTL誘導能力;以及有關一種以含有至少1個半胱胺酸殘基且含有由源自WT1蛋白質之9個連續胺基酸所構成之胺基酸序列的2個胜肽單體經由二硫鍵而互相結合的胜肽二聚物,並且該胜肽二聚物具有與HLA-A*1101分子結合能力、且具有CTL誘導能力。更進一步,本發明係有關將該胜肽予以編碼之聚核苷酸、包含該等之癌症治療及/或預防用醫藥組成物等。
WT1基因(Wilm's tumor 1 gene)係經鑑定為小兒腎癌之威爾姆斯腫瘤之致病基因的基因(非專利文獻1及2),且為具有鋅指(zinc finger)結構之轉錄因子。當初,雖然將WT1基因視為癌抑制基因,但依據其後之研究(非專利文獻3、4、5及6),卻顯示該基因在造血器官腫瘤或固態癌中具有作為致癌基因之作用。
由於WT1基因在多數惡性腫瘤中會高度表現,故將屬於無突變之自身蛋白質的WT1基因產物予以檢驗在活體內是否具有免疫原性(immunogenicity)。結果得知於腫瘤細胞高度表現之源自WT1基因之蛋白質係藉由細胞內處理(Intracellular processing)而被斷裂化,所產生之胜肽
係與MHC class I分子形成複合物而呈現於細胞表面,並得知可識別該複合物之CTL可藉由接種WT1胜肽而被誘導(非專利文獻7、8及9)。再者,藉WT1胜肽或WT1 cDNA使免疫之小鼠,顯示以高機率排斥所移植之WT1基因表現腫瘤細胞(非專利文獻7及10),亦顯示出生理性表現WT1基因之正常組織不會被經誘導之CTL傷害(非專利文獻7)。在使用人類細胞之體外實驗中,若使用人類MHC class I分子之一之HLA-A*0201分子高結合性Db126胜肽及WH187胜肽(序列編號:1中之胺基酸187-195,SLGEQQYSV)來刺激具有HLA-A*0201之人類末梢血單核球,則WT1特異性CTL (WT1-specific CTL)會被誘導,經誘導之CTL對於高度表現WT1基因之腫瘤細胞係內因性地具有特異之毒殺活性(cytotoxic activity),並且該CTL之毒殺活性係HLA-A2限制性(非專利文獻11)。於HLA-A對偶基因之中,在使用日本人最多之HLA-A*2402適合之WT1胜肽(WT1235;序列編號:1中之胺基酸235-243,CMTWNQMNL)的人類細胞之體外實驗中,WT1特異性CTL (TAK-1)會被誘導(非專利文獻12),經誘導之CTL不會將生理性表現一部分WT1基因之正常造血幹細胞的群落形成能力予以抑制(非專利文獻12及13)。從此等報告中,係強烈暗示不僅是小鼠即使是人類,WT1特異性CTL之誘導亦為可能,且雖然該CTL對於高度表現WT1基因之腫瘤細胞具有毒殺活性,但對於生理性表現WT1基因之正常細胞則不具有毒殺活性(非專利文獻7、10、11、12及13)。
WT1基因產物係作為核內蛋白質存在,在細胞質內經由蛋白酶體(proteasome)處理而斷裂成胜肽。經斷裂之胜肽係經由TAP(transporter associated with antigen processing,抗原處理相關轉運因子)分子而導入內質網內腔中,與MHC class I分子形成複合物,並呈現於細胞表面。CTL前驅細胞係介由TCR而認知WT1胜肽-MHC class I分子複合物,藉此而使WT1特異性CTL被誘導,介由MHC class I分子而對於呈現WT1基因產物之腫瘤細胞發揮傷害作用(非專利文獻7、8及9)。如此一來,在將WT1基因產物作為目標物之癌症免疫療法中所使用之WT1胜肽,至少必須是在活體內形成與MHC class I分子結合之型態。然而,MHC class I分子有多樣性,由於與各種MHC class I分子結合之WT1胜肽之胺基酸序列不同,故必須準備適合MHC class I之類型的胜肽。但是,現今所知之HLA分子限制性之WT1胜肽,僅為HLA-A*2402分子、HLA-A*0201分子、HLA-A*2601分子、HLA-A*3303分子限制性者(各自參照專利文獻1、非專利文獻11、專利文獻2、及專利文獻3)。因此,有必要發現HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽。
[專利文獻1]國際公開2003/106682號公報
[專利文獻2]國際公開2005/095598號公報
[專利文獻3]日本特願2006-45287
[非專利文獻1]Daniel A. Haber et al., Cell. 1990 Jun 29;61(7):1257-69.
[非專利文獻2]Call KM et al., Cell. 1990 Feb 9;
60(3):509-20.
[非專利文獻3]Menke AL et al., Int Rev Cytol. 1998;181:151-212. Review.
[非專利文獻4]Yamagami T et al., Blood. 1996 Apr 1;87(7):2878-84.
[非專利文獻5]Inoue K et al., Blood. 1998 Apr 15;91(8):2969-76.
[非專利文獻6]Tsuboi A et al., Leuk Res. 1999 May;23(5):499-505.
[非專利文獻7]Oka Y et al., J Immunol. 2000 Feb 15;164(4):1873-80.
[非專利文獻8]Melief CJ et al., Immunol Rev. 1995 Jun;145:167-77.
[非專利文獻9]Ritz J, J Clin Oncol. 1994 Feb;12(2):237-8.
[非專利文獻10]Tsuboi A et al., J Clin Immunol. 2000 May;20(3):195-202.
[非專利文獻11]Oka Y et al., Immunogenetics. 2000 Feb;51(2):99-107.
[非專利文獻12]Ohminami H et al., Blood. 2000 Jan 1;95(1):286-93.
[非專利文獻13]Gao L et al., Blood. 2000 Apr 1; 95(7):2198-203.
本發明欲解決之課題,係提供一種為HLA-A*1101分子限制性且含有源自WT1蛋白質之胺基酸序列的胜肽、編碼該胜肽的聚核苷酸、以及含有該等之癌症治療及/或預防用醫藥組成物。
本案發明者鑑於上述情況而不斷精心研究,結果發現在含有由源自WT1蛋白質之9個連續胺基酸所構成之胺基酸序列的胜肽中,具有與HLA-A*1101分子結合能力之胜肽可以高機率誘導WT1特異性CTL,因而完成本發明。
亦即,本發明係提供下述者:(1)一種胜肽,含有由源自WT1蛋白質之9個連續胺基酸所構成之胺基酸序列,具有與HLA-A*1101分子結合能力、且具有CTL誘導能力;(2)如(1)記載之胜肽,其中,胺基酸序列之第9個胺基酸為Lys或Arg; (3)如(1)記載之胜肽,其中,胺基酸序列係選自下述者所成群組:Ala Ala Gly Ser Ser Ser Ser Val Lys(序列編號:2);Pro Ile Leu Cys Gly Ala Gln Tyr Arg(序列編號:3);Arg Ser Ala Ser Glu Thr Ser Glu Lys(序列編號:4);
Ser Ala Ser Glu Thr Ser Glu Lys Arg(序列編號:5);Ser His Leu Gln Met His Ser Arg Lys(序列編號:6);Thr Gly Val Lys Pro Phe Gln Cys Lys(序列編號:7);Lys Thr Cys Gln Arg Lys Phe Ser Arg(序列編號:8);Ser Cys Arg Trp Pro Ser Cys Gln Lys(序列編號:9);Asn Met His Gln Arg Asn Met Thr Lys(序列編號:10);(4)如(3)記載之胜肽,其中,胺基酸序列為Ala Ala Gly Ser Ser Ser Ser Val Lys(序列編號:2);(5)一種胜肽二聚物,其係以含有至少1個半胱胺酸殘基之含有由源自WT1蛋白質之9個連續胺基酸所構成之胺基酸序列的2個胜肽單體,經由二硫鍵而互相結合者,該胜肽二聚物具有與HLA-A*1101分子結合能力、且具有CTL誘導能力;(6)如(5)記載之胜肽二聚物,其中,胜肽單體之胺基酸序列係選自下述者所成群組:Pro Ile Leu Cys Gly Ala Gln Tyr Arg(序列編號:3);Thr Gly Val Lys Pro Phe Gln Cys Lys(序列編號:
7);Lys Thr Cys Gln Arg Lys Phe Ser Arg(序列編號:8);Ser Cys Arg Trp Pro Ser Cys Gln Lys(序列編號:9);(7)一種用於治療或預防癌症之醫藥組成物,含有(1)記載之胜肽及/或(5)記載之胜肽二聚物;(8)一種用於治療或預防癌症之方法,其特徵為:將有效量之(1)記載之胜肽及/或(5)記載之胜肽二聚物投予至HLA-A*1101陽性對象;(9)一種聚核苷酸,係編碼(1)記載之胜肽者;(10)一種表現載體,含有(9)記載之聚核苷酸;(11)一種用於治療或預防癌症之醫藥組成物,含有(9)記載之聚核苷酸以及(10)記載之載體;(12)一種用於治療或預防癌症之方法,其特徵為:將有效量之(9)記載之聚核苷酸以及(10)記載之載體投予至HLA-A*1101陽性對象;(13)一種WT1特異性CTL,其係藉由(1)記載之胜肽及/或(5)記載之胜肽二聚物而被誘導;(14)一種WT1特異性CTL之誘導方法,其特徵為:於(1)記載之胜肽及/或(5)記載之胜肽二聚物的存在下培養末梢血單核球,再從該末梢血單核球中誘導WT1特異性CTL; (15)一種用於誘導WT1特異性CTL之工具組,含有(1)記
載之胜肽及/或(5)記載之胜肽二聚物作為必須構成成分;(16)一種呈現WT1胜肽之抗原呈現細胞,其係藉由(1)記載之胜肽及/或(5)記載之胜肽二聚物而被誘導;(17)一種將呈現WT1胜肽之抗原呈現細胞予以誘導的方法,其特徵為:於(1)記載之胜肽及/或(5)記載之胜肽二聚物的存在下培養未成熟之抗原呈現細胞,再從該未成熟之抗原呈現細胞中誘導該呈現WT1胜肽之抗原呈現細胞;(18)一種用於將呈現WT1胜肽之抗原呈現細胞予以誘導的工具組,含有(1)記載之胜肽及/或(5)記載之胜肽二聚物作為必須構成成分;(19)一種癌症之診斷方法,其特徵為:使用(13)記載之CTL或(16)記載之抗原呈現細胞。
依據本發明,因為可獲得HLA-A*1101限制性且含有由源自WT1蛋白質之9個連續胺基酸所構成之胺基酸序列的胜肽、編碼該胜肽的聚核苷酸、以及含有該等之癌症治療及/或預防用醫藥組成物等,故可對具有HLA-A*1101之對象在體內及體外誘導WT1特異性CTL。由於日本人之HLA-A*1101陽性率高達約17.9%,故可在廣泛範圍之對象中誘導WT1特異性CTL。
本發明之一種型態,係有關一種含有由源自WT1蛋白
質之9個連續胺基酸所構成之胺基酸序列的胜肽,該胜肽具有與HLA-A*1101分子結合能力、且具有CTL誘導能力(於本說明書中,該胜肽亦稱為「WT1胜肽」)。將人類WT1蛋白質之胺基酸序列示為序列編號:1。本發明之胜肽,係含有由該序列編號:1所示之胺基酸序列中之連續9個胺基酸所構成之胺基酸序列者。當本發明之胜肽包含如後述之序列編號3、7、8及9之胺基酸序列等含有半胱胺酸之胺基酸序列時,可藉由將該胺基酸序列中之半胱胺酸以其他胺基酸等別種物質(例如絲胺酸、丙胺酸、α-胺基丁酸)取代,或是藉由將半胱胺酸之SH基以該技術領域中習知之保護基(例如羧甲基、吡啶基乙基)進行修飾,而使安定性上升。本發明之胜肽係一種癌抗原胜肽,其係在細胞內經處理並使該經處理之胜肽藉由抗原呈現細胞而呈現,藉此而可誘導CTL。
如上所述,本發明之目的係獲得具有HLA-A*1101限制性之胜肽。因此,本發明之胜肽係具有與HLA-A*1101分子結合能力者。結合能力係可依據該技術領域中習知之方法而檢測。就該方法而言,有Rankpep、BIMAS、SYFPEITHI等以電腦為基礎之方法,或是與具有HLA-A*1101分子結合能力之習知胜肽的競爭性結合試驗等。例如,將所檢測之結合能力與習知之HLA-A*1101限制性胜肽之結合能力予以比較,即可判斷本發明之胜肽是否具有結合能力。本發明中具有結合能力之胜肽之例,係依據本案說明書之實施例1所記載之方法而獲得的對於HLA-A*1101分子之親和性
點數為4以上者,較佳為5以上者,更佳為6以上者。
本發明之胜肽係具有CTL誘導能者。由於WT1基因會在例如白血病、骨髓形成異常症候群(Myelodysplastic Syndrome)、多發性骨髓瘤、惡性淋巴瘤等造血器官腫瘤、胃癌、大腸癌、肺癌、乳癌、生殖細胞癌、肝癌、皮膚癌、膀胱癌、前列腺癌、子宮癌、子宮頸癌、卵巢癌等固形癌中以天然型態高度表現,故本發明之胜肽對於患有該相關疾病之對象可以高機率進行誘導CTL。CTL誘導能力,係指可在體內或體外誘導CTL之能力。該誘導能力係可依據一般之方法而檢測,例如使用鉻游離分析法調查CTL之細胞毒殺活性,藉此而檢測該誘導能力。
本發明之胜肽,可為胺基酸序列之第9個胺基酸為Lys或Arg者。推測因為具有該胺基酸,故胜肽與HLA-A*1101分子的結合能力會變高。
本發明之胜肽所含有的由9個胺基酸所構成之胺基酸序列中,較佳者為Ala Ala Gly Ser Ser Ser Ser Val Lys(序列編號:2)、Pro Ile Leu Cys Gly Ala Gln Tyr Arg(序列編號:3)、Arg Ser Ala Ser Glu Thr Ser Glu Lys(序列編號:4)、Ser Ala Ser Glu Thr Ser Glu Lys Arg(序列編號:5)、Ser His Leu Gln Met His Ser Arg Lys(序列編號:6)、Thr Gly Val Lys Pro Phe Gln Cys Lys(序列編號:7)、Lys Thr Cys Gln Arg Lys Phe Ser Arg(序列編號:8)、Ser Cys Arg Trp Pro Ser Cys Gln Lys(序列編號:9)、或Asn Met His Gln Arg Asn Met Thr Lys(序
列編號:10);最佳者為Thr Gly Val Lys Pro Phe Gln Cys Lys(序列編號:7)。更進一步,亦可為序列編號:2至10中任一者之9個胺基酸中有1至數個、較佳為1至5個胺基酸經其他胺基酸取代者。另外,亦可為該9個胺基酸及經取代為其他胺基酸者中之任一者經適當修飾者。惟,無論是在哪一種情形,皆以本發明之胜肽與HLA-A*1101分子可保持結合能力作為條件。
如上所述,本發明之胜肽係源自WT1蛋白質,只要含有由上述9個連續胺基酸所構成之胺基酸序列即可。因此,本發明之胜肽係例如可為由序列編號:2至10所示之胺基酸序列所構成的胜肽本身,亦可為含有序列編號:2至10所示之胺基酸序列的WT1蛋白質或其之一部分。本發明之胜肽所含有之胺基酸數並無特別限制,例如為9至500個、9至300個、9至200個、9至100個、9至50個、9至30個、9至12個等。本發明之胜肽又可在上述由9個連續胺基酸所構成之胺基酸序列之N末端及/或C末端結合各種物質。例如,可結合胺基酸、胜肽、該等之類似物等。當本發明之胜肽結合有此等物質時,此等物質係藉由例如活體內酵素等、或藉由細胞內處理等過程而受處理,最後會產生由上述9個胺基酸所構成之胺基酸序列,並以成為與HLA-A*1101分子之複合物之形式呈現於細胞表面,藉此而可得到CTL誘導效果。此等物質係可為將本發明之胜肽之溶解性予以調節者,亦可為使耐蛋白酶作用等安定性提升者,另外,亦可為例如將本發明之胜肽特異性地傳送至
預定之組織.器官者,或亦可為具有使抗原呈現細胞之吸收效率增強的作用者。此等物質亦可為使CTL誘導能力增大者,例如可為協助性胜肽(Helper peptide)等。
本發明之胜肽可使用該技術領域中通常所用之方法或該等之變異方法合成。相關之合成方法係記載於例如Peptide Synthesis, Interscience, New York, 1966;The Proteins, Vol 2, Academic Press Inc., New York, 1976;胜肽合成,丸善股份公司,1975;胜肽合成之基礎與實驗,丸善股份公司,1985;醫藥品之開發續第14卷.胜肽合成,廣川書店,1991等。
另外,本發明之胜肽亦可為基於編碼本發明之胜肽之核苷酸序列資料,使用基因工程性手法製造者。該基因工程性手法係該業者所周知者。
本發明之另一種型態,係有關一種以含有至少1個半胱胺酸殘基之源自WT1蛋白質之9個連續胺基酸所構成之胺基酸序列的2個胜肽單體經由二硫鍵互相結合、具有與HLA-A*1101分子結合能力、且具有CTL誘導能力的胜肽二聚物(於本說明書中,該胜肽二聚物亦稱為「WT1胜肽二聚物」)。本發明之胜肽二聚物之安定性,由於其為二聚物型態,故相較於胜肽單體更為增高。本發明之胜肽二聚物係一種在細胞內經處理並使該經處理之胜肽藉由抗原呈現細胞呈現,藉此而可誘導CTL之癌抗原胜肽二聚物。
本發明之WT1胜肽二聚物,係使2個胜肽單體介由單體上所存在之半胱胺酸殘基間之二硫鍵結合而形成。因
此,本發明之WT1胜肽二聚物所含有之胜肽單體係上述之WT1胜肽,且為含有至少1個半胱胺酸殘基者。本發明之WT1胜肽二聚物可為同源二聚物(homodimer),亦可為異源二聚物(heterodimer)。
本發明之WT1胜肽二聚物中,胜肽單體含有之胺基酸序列中較佳者為Pro Ile Leu Cys Gly Ala Gln Tyr Arg(序列編號:3)、Thr Gly Val Lys Pro Phe Gln Cys Lys(序列編號:7)、Lys Thr Cys Gln Arg Lys Phe Ser Arg(序列編號:8)、或Ser Cys Arg Trp Pro Ser Cys Gln Lys(序列編號:9);最佳者為Thr Gly Val Lys Pro Phe Gln Cys Lys(序列編號:7)。
本發明之WT1胜肽二聚物可使用該技術領域中習知之方法製造。例如,當胜肽單體含有1對半胱胺酸殘基時,本發明之WT1胜肽二聚物可經由下述製程而製造:將包含半胱胺酸側鏈上之保護基的全部保護基予以去除,其次,將所得之單體溶液在鹼性條件下作為空氣氧化之對象、或是在鹼或酸性條件下添加氧化劑,藉此形成二硫鍵而製得。就氧化劑而言,可列舉例如碘、二甲基亞碸(DMSO)、鐵氰化鉀(potassium ferricyanide)等。
當胜肽單體含有2個以上半胱胺酸殘基時,本發明之WT1胜肽二聚物亦可依據上述方法合成。此時,因為由不同類型之二硫鍵結合而成,會得到異源體。或者是,本發明之WT1胜肽二聚物可藉由選擇半胱胺酸側鏈之保護基之組合而製造。就保護基之組合而言,可列舉例如MeBzl基
(甲基苯基)與Acm基(乙醯胺基甲基)、Trt基(三苯甲基)與Acm基、Npys基(3-硝基-2-吡啶基硫基)與Acm基、S-Bu-t基(S-第三丁基)與Acm基之組合等。例如,為MeBzl基與Acm基之組合時,WT1胜肽二聚物可經由下述製程而製造:將MeBzl基以外之保護基及半胱胺酸側鏈上之保護基以外的保護基予以去除,再將所得之單體溶液作為空氣氧化之對象,在經保護之半胱胺酸殘基間形成二硫鍵,其次藉由碘進行脫保護及氧化,在原來由Acm保護之半胱胺酸殘基間形成二硫鍵而製得。
本發明之再另一種型態,係有關一種用於治療或預防癌症之醫藥組成物,其含有上述HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽及/或WT1胜肽二聚物。由於WT1基因會在各種癌症或腫瘤,例如白血病、骨髓形成異常症候群、多發性骨髓瘤、惡性淋巴瘤等造血器官腫瘤,或是胃癌、大腸癌、肺癌、乳癌、生殖細胞癌、肝癌、皮膚癌、膀胱癌、前列腺癌、子宮癌、子宮頸癌、卵巢癌等固形癌中高度表現,故本發明之醫藥組成物可使用於癌症之治療或預防。若本發明之醫藥組成物係投予至HLA-A*1101陽性對象,則藉由該醫藥組成物所含有之HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽或WT1胜肽二聚物,而使WT1特異性CTL被誘導,並藉該CTL去傷害對象中之癌細胞。
本發明之醫藥組成物,除了含有上述HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽及/或WT1胜肽二聚物作為有效成分以外,亦可含有例如擔體(carrier)、賦形劑等。本發明之醫藥組成物
所包含之HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽或WT1胜肽二聚物係誘導WT1特異性CTL,故為了使該誘導效率增強,本發明之醫藥組成物可含有適當之佐劑(adjuvant),或可與適當之佐劑一起投予。就較佳之佐劑而言,可列舉如完全或不完全之傅氏佐劑(Freund' s adjuvant)、氫氧化鋁等,但不受此等限制。
本發明之醫藥組成物之投予方法,可因應疾病之種類、對象之狀態、目標部位等條件而適當選擇。該方法可列舉如皮內投予、皮下投予、肌肉內投予、靜脈內投予、經鼻投予、經口投予等,但不受此等限制。本發明之醫藥組成物所包含之胜肽或胜肽二聚物之量、醫藥組成物之劑型、投予次數等,可因應疾病之種類、對象之狀態、目標部位等條件而適當選擇,但每一次之胜肽投予量通常為0.0001mg至1000mg,較佳為0.001mg至1000mg。
本發明之其他型態,係有關一種用於治療或預防癌症之方法,其特徵為:將有效量之上述WT1胜肽及/或WT1胜肽二聚物投予至HLA-A*1101陽性對象。治療或預防之癌症可為任一種,例如可包括白血病、骨髓形成異常症候群、多發性骨髓瘤、惡性淋巴瘤等造血器官腫瘤,或是胃癌、大腸癌、肺癌、乳癌、胚胎細胞癌、肝癌、皮膚癌、膀胱癌、前列腺癌、子宮癌、子宮頸癌、卵巢癌等固形癌。
本發明之另一其他型態,係有關一種決定HLA-A*1101陽性對象中WT1特異性CTL之存在或量的方法,該方法包含下述步驟:
(a)使WT1胜肽與HLA-A*1101分子之複合物,與源自該對象之試料進行反應;其次,(b)檢測認知該試料所包含之該複合物的CTL的存在或量。
源自該對象之試料,可為有包含淋巴球之可能性之任一種物質,可列舉例如血液、淋巴液等體液、組織等。WT1胜肽與HLA-A*1101分子之複合物,係使用例如生物素-鏈黴親和素(biotin-streptavidin)等該業者習知之方法,亦可製成例如四聚物、五聚物等型態。認知該複合物的CTL的存在或量,可依據該業者習知之方法測定。在本發明之此型態中,上述複合物亦可為經標示者。就標示而言,可使用螢光標示、放射性標示等公知者。藉由標示,可容易且迅速地決定CTL之存在或量。
因此,本發明又提供一種用於決定HLA-A*1101陽性對象中之WT1特異性CTL之存在或量的組成物,其含有HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽。
更進一步,本發明提供一種用於決定HLA-A*1101陽性對象中之WT1特異性CTL之存在或量的工具組,其含有HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽。
本發明之再一其他型態,係有關一種使用WT1胜肽與HLA-A*1101分子之複合物以生成WT1特異性CTL的方法,該方法包含下述步驟:(a)使試料與該複合物進行反應,(b)獲得認知該試料所含之複合物的CTL。
關於WT1胜肽與HLA-A*1101分子之複合物係如上述。試料係只要有包含淋巴球之可能性者即可,可為任一種物質,可列舉例如源自血液等對象之試料、細胞培養液等。可使用FACS、MACS等該業者習知之方法,來取得用以認知複合物的CTL。培養所得之WT1特異性CTL,亦可使用於各種癌症之治療或預防。
所以,本發明又有關一種WT1特異性CTL,其係可藉由使用WT1胜肽與HLA-A*1101分子之複合物並依據生成WT1特異性CTL之方法而獲得。
本發明之另一其他型態,係有關一種編碼上述HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽的聚核苷酸。本發明之聚核苷酸可為DNA,亦可為RNA。本發明之聚核苷酸之鹼基序列,係基於上述HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽之胺基酸序列而決定。該聚核苷酸可依據例如化學合成法等公知之DNA或RNA合成方法、PCR法等而製造。
本發明之另一其他型態,係有關一種含有上述聚核苷酸的表現載體(expression vector)。表現載體之種類、上述聚核苷酸序列以外所含有之序列等,可因應導入該表現載體之宿主種類、目的等而適當選擇。藉由將本發明之表現載體投予至HLA-A*1101陽性對象,在活體內產生HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽,並誘導WT1特異性CTL而傷害對象中之造血器官腫瘤細胞、固形癌細胞等,可進行該造血器官腫瘤、固形癌之治療或預防。
本發明之再一其他型態,係有關一種用於治療或預防
癌症之醫藥組成物,其含有上述聚核苷酸或上述表現載體。本發明之此型態之醫藥組成物的組成、投予方法等係如上述。
本發明之另一其他型態,係有關一種用於治療或預防癌症之方法,其特徵為:將有效量之上述聚核苷酸或表現載體投予至HLA-A*1101陽性對象。治療或預防之癌症可包括白血病、骨髓形成異常症候群、多發性骨髓瘤、惡性淋巴瘤等造血器官腫瘤,或是胃癌、大腸癌、肺癌、乳癌、生殖細胞癌、肝癌、皮膚癌、膀胱癌、前列腺癌、子宮癌、子宮頸癌、卵巢癌等固形癌。
本發明之另一其他型態,係有關一種含有上述表現載體的細胞。本發明之細胞,係可藉由使用上述表現載體對例如大腸桿菌、酵母、昆蟲細胞、動物細胞等宿主細胞進行形質轉換而製造。將表現載體導入宿主細胞之方法,可適當選擇各種方法而使用。亦可藉由培養經形質轉換之細胞,並將產生之WT1胜肽回收.精製,而製造本發明之胜肽。
本發明之另一其他型態,係有關一種WT1特異性CTL,其係藉由上述HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽及/或WT1胜肽二聚物而被誘導。本發明之CTL,會認知WT1胜肽與HLA-A*1101分子之複合物。因此,使用本發明之CTL,可特異性地傷害HLA-A*1101陽性且高度表現WT1之腫瘤細胞。
本發明之另一其他型態,係有關一種用於治療或預防癌症之方法,其特徵為:將WT1特異性CTL投予至HLA-
A*1101陽性對象。WT1特異性CTL之投予方法,係可因應疾病之種類、對象之狀態、目標部位等條件而適當選擇。該方法可列舉如靜脈內投予、皮內投予、皮下投予、肌肉內投予、經鼻投予、經口投予等,但不受此等限制。
本發明之另一其他型態,係有關一種WT1特異性CTL之誘導方法,其特徵為:於上述HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽及/或WT1胜肽二聚物的存在下培養末梢血單核球,從該末梢血單核球誘導WT1特異性CTL。末梢血單核球之來源對象,可為HLA-A*1101陽性之任一者。藉由於HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽及/或WT1胜肽二聚物的存在下進行培養末梢血單核球,即可從末梢血單核球之CTL前驅細胞中使WT1特異性CTL被誘導。將依據本發明而得到之WT1特異性CTL投予至HLA-A*1101陽性對象,即可治療或預防該對象之造血器官腫瘤、固形癌。
本發明之另一其他型態,係有關一種用於誘導WT1特異性CTL之工具組,其含有HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽及/或WT1胜肽二聚物作為必須構成成分。該工具組係以可使用於上述WT1特異性CTL之誘導方法為較佳。本發明之工具組,除了上述HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽及/或WT1胜肽二聚物以外,亦可含有例如末梢血單核球之取得方法、佐劑、反應容器等。一般而言,工具組係附有使用說明書。使用本發明之工具組,可有效率地誘導WT1特異性CTL。
本發明之另一其他型態,係有關一種介由HLA-A*1101分子而呈現WT1胜肽的抗原呈現細胞(如樹狀細胞等),其
係藉由上述HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽及/或WT1胜肽二聚物而被誘導。經由使用本發明之抗原呈現細胞,即可有效地使上述WT1特異性CTL被誘導。
本發明之再一其他型態,係有關一種用於治療或預防癌症之方法,其特徵為:將上述介由HLA-A*1101分子而呈現WT1胜肽的抗原呈現細胞投予至HLA-A*1101陽性對象。抗原呈現細胞之投予方法,係可因應疾病之種類、對象之狀態、目標部位等條件而適當選擇。該方法可列舉如靜脈內投予、皮內投予、皮下投予、肌肉內投予、經鼻投予、經口投予等,但不受此等限制。
本發明之再一其他型態,係有關一種介由HLA-A*1101分子而呈現WT1胜肽的抗原呈現細胞的誘導方法,其特徵為:於上述HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽及/或WT1胜肽二聚物存在下培養未成熟之抗原呈現細胞,並從該未成熟之抗原呈現細胞中,將介由HLA-A*1101分子而呈現WT1胜肽之抗原呈現細胞予以誘導。未成熟之抗原呈現細胞,係指如未成熟之樹狀細胞等可成熟而成為抗原呈現細胞之細胞。未成熟之抗原呈現細胞的來源對象,可為HLA-A*1101陽性之任一者。由於未成熟之抗原呈現細胞係包含於末梢血單核球等之中,故亦可在上述WT1胜肽及/或WT1胜肽二聚物的存在下培養該細胞。
本發明之另一其他型態,係有關一種用於誘導介由HLA-A*1101分子而呈現WT1胜肽之抗原呈現細胞的工具組,其含有上述HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽及/或WT1胜
肽二聚物作為必須構成成分。該工具組係以可使用於上述抗原呈現細胞之誘導方法為較佳。本發明之工具組中所包含之其他構成成分係如上述。使用本發明之工具組,可有效率地誘導介由HLA-A*1101分子而呈現WT1胜肽之抗原呈現細胞。
本發明之另一其他型態,係有關一種對於HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽或編碼該胜肽之聚核苷酸的抗體。本發明之抗體可為多株抗體、單株抗體中之任一種。
本發明之再一其他型態,係有關一種癌症之診斷方法,其特徵為使用上述WT1特異性CTL、介由HLA-A*1101分子而呈現WT1胜肽的抗原呈現細胞、或是對於HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽或編碼該胜肽之聚核苷酸的抗體者。該WT1特異性CTL係以可使用於本發明之診斷方法為較佳。例如,將上述CTL、抗原呈現細胞或抗體,與源自HLA-A*1101陽性對象之試料進行培養或是投予至HLA-A*1101陽性對象,其次藉由決定該CTL、抗原呈現細胞或抗體之例如位置、部位、量等,而可診斷癌症。上述CTL、抗原呈現細胞或抗體可為經標示者。藉由進行該標示,可有效地進行本發明之診斷方法。
以下揭示實施例以具體且詳細地說明本發明,但實施例並未限定本發明。
WT1胜肽之選擇
使用RANKPEP (http://bio.dfci.harvard.edu/Tools/rankpep.html),從源自WT1蛋白質(序列編號:1)之胜肽中,選出與HLA-A*1101分子結合能高之WT1251
、WT1279
、WT1312
、WT1313
、WT1338
、WT1378
、WT1386
、WT1415
、WT1436
。此等胜肽之胺基酸序列、序列編號:1中之胺基酸編號、對於HLA-A*1101分子之親和性點數係示於表1。
B-LCL細胞之調製
從由HLA-A*1101陽性健康常人捐贈者所採取之末梢
血中,依據Ficoll-Hypaque密度梯度離心法(gradient density centrifugation)而分離出末梢血單核球(PBMC)。其次,於24孔細胞培養用盤在含有10% FCS之RPMI1640培養基中將PBMC以1×107
個之密度接種,並添加B95-8細胞(EB病毒產生細胞)之培養上澄液,於37℃、5% CO2
中培養約一個月。藉由EB病毒(Epstein-Barr virus)而被形質轉換,即得到為B細胞系腫瘤細胞之B-LCL細胞。確認所得之B-LCL細胞未表現WT1基因。藉由將B-LCL細胞與20μg/ml之WT1251
、WT1279
、WT1312
、WT1313
、WT1338
、WT1378
、WT1386
、WT1415
、或WT1436
一起培養2小時而進行脈衝(pulse)處理,其次,照射放射線80Gy。將所得之B-LCL細胞(以下,稱為藉WT1胜肽而經脈衝處理之B-LCL細胞)作為抗原呈現細胞,使用於以下之實驗。
WT1特異性CTL之誘導
於24孔細胞培養用盤在含有20μg/ml之WT1251
、WT1279
、WT1312
、WT1313
、WT1338
、WT1378
、WT1386
、WT1415
、或WT1436
的完全培養基(45% RPMI、45% AMI-V培養基、以及10%人類AB血清)中,將3×106
個自體之PBMC在37%、5% CO2
中培養一週,便得到響應細胞(responsive cell)。將所得之響應細胞2×106
個、與藉相同之WT1胜肽而經脈衝處理之B-LCL細胞1×106
個在完全培養基中共同培養一週(第1次刺激)。將PBMC與藉WT1胜肽而經脈衝處理之B-LCL細胞再進行共同培養3次(第2至4次刺激),此時,將20IU/ml(最終濃度)之IL2以下述條件添加:第2次刺
激係從開始刺激之3天後起每隔一天,共添加2次;第3次及第4次刺激係從開始刺激之隔天起每隔一天,共添加3次。使用負向選擇管柱重力供給工具組(Negative Selection Columns Gravity Feed Kit (StemSp))以使CD8陽性T細胞成為約80%之方式進行濃縮,其次,與藉WT1胜肽而經脈衝處理之B-LCL細胞進行共同培養(第5次刺激)。最終刺激之5天後的CD8陽性T細胞(CTL),係用於測定細胞毒殺活性。
CTL之細胞毒殺活性
使用51
Cr游離試驗測定CTL之細胞毒殺活性。將CTL細胞(以下,亦稱為作用細胞(effector cell))與事先經攝入51
Cr之目標細胞,以成為1:1至30:1之比率(E/T比)的方式調製培養基200μl,並在96孔細胞培養用盤中,以37℃、5% CO2
培養4小時。就目標細胞而言,係使用藉由與CTL誘導所使用之WT1胜肽相同之胜肽而經脈衝處理的B-LCL細胞(BLCL-P)、以及未將WT1胜肽予以脈衝處理的B-LCL細胞(BLCL-NP)。培養後,經離心並回收上澄液,使用液體閃爍計數器測定於上澄液中游離之51
Cr量。將細胞毒殺活性(%)使用下式來決定:(試料上澄液中之51
Cr游離量-自然產生之51
Cr游離量)/(最大51
Cr游離量-自然產生之51
Cr游離量)×100(自然產生之51
Cr游離量係指僅將經攝入51
Cr之目標細胞以同樣條件培養時的51
Cr游離量;最大51
Cr游離量係指將經攝入51
Cr之目標細胞以Triton X-100使全細胞溶解時
的51
Cr游離量)
結果示於第1圖至第9圖。圖中,縱軸係表示特異性溶解(%),橫軸係表示E/T比。另外,以實線表示BLCL-P、以點線表示BLCL-NP。使用WT1251
、WT1279
、WT1312
、WT1313
、WT1338
、WT1378
、WT1386
、WT1415
、及WT1436
誘導之CTL,相較於BLCL-NP細胞,可確認到前者能對BLCL-P細胞進行特異性傷害,該BLCL-P細胞係將WT1胜肽以作為與HLA-A*1101分子之複合物而呈現該WT1胜肽。以下,針對使用WT1251
、WT1279
、WT1313
、WT1338
、及WT1386
誘導之CTL,再進行實驗。
CTL對於內因性WT1基因表現細胞的細胞毒殺活性
使用WT1251
、WT1279
、WT1313
、WT1338
、及WT1386
誘導之CTL對於WT1表現B-LCL的細胞毒殺活性,係使用上述方法決定。WT1表現細胞,係指經導入人類WT1基因的B-LCL細胞,是在細胞內表現WT1蛋白質並經處理而將由約9個胺基酸所構成之胜肽表現在HLA-A*1101分子上的細胞。結果示於第1圖、第2圖、第4圖、第5圖、及第7圖。圖中,以虛線表示WT1表現B-LCL。可確認到使用WT1251
、WT1279
、WT1313
、WT1338
、及WT1386
誘導之CTL,即使對於內因性表現WT1基因的細胞亦具有毒殺活性。
WT1胜肽二聚物之製造
藉由將WT1胜肽單體227.5mg、N-甲基還原葡糖胺(N-methylglucamine,亦即NMG)227.5mg及水23ml的混合物於室溫攪拌約2天,而進行空氣氧化。將已溶解有醋酸鈉2g於水5ml的水溶液加入所得之混合液中,在室溫下
攪拌約20分鐘。添加水200ml與乙腈約200ml,以桐山漏斗(濾紙No.5C)過濾,以水(約50ml×3次)洗淨。於殘渣中添加水約200ml,進行凍結乾燥,而得到粗WT1378
胜肽二聚物158mg。
粗WT1胜肽二聚物之精製
將粗WT1378
胜肽二聚物158mg溶解於9ml之DMSO,再設置於HPLC(島津製作所製LC8AD型),使用HPLC泵注入以1液(H2
O/1% AcOH)平衡化之ODS C18
管柱(5mmΦ×50cm L,YMC公司製)中。使管柱保持此狀態約30分鐘,再以0%至40%濃度梯度之2液(CH3
CN/1% AcOH)耗費360分鐘進行溶析。一邊監控220nm之UV吸收,一邊使用自動分液收集裝置回收含WT1胜肽二聚物之分液。合併所回收之分液,設置於HPLC(日立製L-4000型),注入以17%之2液平衡化之ODS C18
管柱(4.6mmΦ×25cm L,YMC公司製)中,再以0%至47%濃度梯度之2液耗費30分鐘進行溶析,而得到保持時間20.51分鐘之精製WT1378
胜肽二聚物46.6mg。FAB. MS 2365.0(理論值2342.70)Na+
F=0.25%
因WT1胜肽二聚物而導致之CTL誘導
將所得之WT1378
胜肽二聚物、WT1378
胜肽、變異WT1378
胜肽(G→I)(序列編號:11)、以及變異WT1378
胜肽(G→V)(序列編號:12)、WT1379
胜肽(序列編號:13,國際公開第2002/28414中揭示)的CTL誘導能力,依據上述方法使用源自HLA-A*1101陽性健康常人捐贈者1至3之PBMC來檢測。結果示於第10圖至第14圖。圖中,縱軸係表示特異
性溶解(%),橫軸係表示E/T比。另外,以實線表示BLCL-P、以點線表示BLCL-NP。可確認到WT1378
胜肽二聚物具有CTL誘導能力。此外,在WT1蛋白質之胺基酸序列中,與WT1378
胜肽有1個胺基酸不同的WT1379
胜肽的CTL誘導能力,與WT1378
胜肽相比為極低,故可知本發明之WT1胜肽與既知之WT1胜肽相比係具有特別顯著的CTL誘導能力。
依據本發明,可提供一種HLA-A*1101限制性WT1胜肽、編碼該胜肽之聚核苷酸、以及包含該等之醫藥組成物等,故可利用於醫藥品等領域,例如高度表現WT1基因之各種造血器官腫瘤、固形癌之預防藥或治療藥之開發、製造領域。
第1圖係顯示使用WT1251
誘導之CTL的細胞毒殺活性(cytotoxic activity)。
第2圖係顯示使用WT1279
誘導之CTL的細胞毒殺活性。
第3圖係顯示使用WT1312
誘導之CTL的細胞毒殺活性。
第4圖係顯示使用WT1313
誘導之CTL的細胞毒殺活性。
第5圖係顯示使用WT1338
誘導之CTL的細胞毒殺活性。
第6圖係顯示使用WT1378
誘導之CTL的細胞毒殺活性。
第7圖係顯示使用WT1386
誘導之CTL的細胞毒殺活性。
第8圖係顯示使用WT1415
誘導之CTL的細胞毒殺活性。
第9圖係顯示使用WT1436
誘導之CTL的細胞毒殺活性。
第10圖係顯示使用WT1378
胜肽誘導之CTL的細胞毒殺活性(a、b、c分別表示使用源自HLA-A*1101陽性健康常人捐贈者1、2、3之PBMC時的細胞毒殺活性)。
第11圖係顯示使用WT1378
胜肽二聚物誘導之CTL的細胞毒殺活性(a及b分別表示使用源自HLA-A*1101陽性健康常人捐贈者1及2之PBMC時的細胞毒殺活性)。
第12圖係顯示使用變異WT1378
胜肽(G→I)誘導之CTL的細胞毒殺活性(a、b、c分別表示使用源自HLA-A*1101陽性健康常人捐贈者1、2、3之PBMC時的細胞毒殺活性)。
第13圖係顯示使用變異WT1378
胜肽(G→V)誘導之CTL的細胞毒殺活性(a、b、c分別表示使用源自HLA-A*1101陽性健康常人捐贈者1、2、3之PBMC時的細胞毒殺活性)。
第14圖係顯示使用WT1379
胜肽誘導之CTL的細胞毒殺活性(a、b、c分別表示使用源自HLA-A*1101陽性健康常人捐贈者1、2、3之PBMC時的細胞毒殺活性)。
<110>癌免疫研究所股份有限公司
<120>HLA-A* 1101限制性WT1胜肽及含有該限制性胜肽之醫藥組成物
<130>667985
<150>JP 2006-355356
<151>2006-12-28
<160>13
<170>PatentIn version 3.2
<210>1
<211>449
<212>PRT
<213>Homo sapiens
<400>1 <210>2
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>Homo sapiens
<400>2<210>3
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>Homo sapiens
<400>3<210>4
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>Homo sapiens
<400>4<210>5
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>Homo sapiens
<400>5<210>6
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>Homo sapiens
<400>6<210>7
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>Homo sapiens
<400>7<210>8
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>Homo sapiens
<400>8 <210>9
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>Homo sapiens
<400>9<210>10
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>Homo sapiens
<400>10<210>11
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223>Modified WT1 peptide
<400>11<210>12
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223>Modified WT1 peptide
<400>12<210>13
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>Homo sapiens
<400>13
該代表圖無元件符號及其所代表之意義。
Claims (12)
- 一種胜肽,其特徵為:係含有Thr Gly Val Lys Pro Phe Gln Cys Lys(序列編號:7)者,具有與HLA-A*1101分子結合能力、且具有CTL誘導能力。
- 一種胜肽二聚物,其特徵為:係含有Thr Gly Val Lys Pro Phe Gln Cys Lys(序列編號:7)的2個胜肽單體經由二硫鍵互相結合者,並具有與HLA-A*1101分子結合能力、且具有CTL誘導能力。
- 一種用於治療癌症之醫藥組成物,其特徵為:含有申請專利範圍第1項之胜肽及/或申請專利範圍第2項之胜肽二聚物。
- 一種聚核苷酸,其特徵為:係編碼申請專利範圍第1項之胜肽者。
- 一種表現載體,其特徵為:含有申請專利範圍第4項之聚核苷酸。
- 一種用於治療癌症之醫藥組成物,其特徵為:含有申請專利範圍第4項之聚核苷酸或申請專利範圍第5項之載體。
- 一種WT1特異性CTL,其特徵為:係由申請專利範圍第1項之胜肽及/或申請專利範圍第2項之胜肽二聚物誘導者。
- 一種WT1特異性CTL之誘導方法,其特徵為:於申請專利範圍第1項之胜肽及/或申請專利範圍第2項之胜肽二聚物的存在下培養末梢血單核球,並從該末梢血單核 球中誘導WT1特異性CTL。
- 一種用於誘導WT1特異性CTL之工具組,其特徵為:含有申請專利範圍第1項之胜肽及/或申請專利範圍第2項之胜肽二聚物作為必須構成成分。
- 一種呈現WT1胜肽之抗原呈現細胞,其特徵為:係由申請專利範圍第1項之胜肽及/或申請專利範圍第2項之胜肽二聚物誘導者。
- 一種誘導呈現WT1胜肽之抗原呈現細胞的方法,其特徵為:於申請專利範圍第1項之胜肽及/或申請專利範圍第2項之胜肽二聚物的存在下培養未成熟之抗原呈現細胞,從該未成熟之抗原呈現細胞中誘導該呈現WT1胜肽之抗原呈現細胞。
- 一種用於誘導呈現WT1胜肽之抗原呈現細胞的工具組,其特徵為:含有申請專利範圍第1項之胜肽及/或申請專利範圍第2項之胜肽二聚物作為必須構成成分。
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