TWI414579B - 帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜及其製造方法 - Google Patents

帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜及其製造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI414579B
TWI414579B TW099129116A TW99129116A TWI414579B TW I414579 B TWI414579 B TW I414579B TW 099129116 A TW099129116 A TW 099129116A TW 99129116 A TW99129116 A TW 99129116A TW I414579 B TWI414579 B TW I414579B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
adhesive layer
adhesive
film
semiconductor wafer
resin
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TW099129116A
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English (en)
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TW201127930A (en
Inventor
Yuki Sugo
Yasuhiro Amano
Takeshi Matsumura
Shuuhei Murata
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Nitto Denko Corp
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Publication of TW201127930A publication Critical patent/TW201127930A/zh
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Publication of TWI414579B publication Critical patent/TWI414579B/zh

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    • H01L24/26Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L24/28Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors prior to the connecting process
    • H01L24/29Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors prior to the connecting process of an individual layer connector
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/10Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an adhesive surface
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    • H01L25/04Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
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Description

帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜及其製造方法
本發明是有關於將用於固著半導體晶片和電極構件的膠黏劑在切割前附著在半導體晶圓上的狀態下提供半導體晶圓的切割的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜及其製造方法。另外,本發明是有關於使用所述帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜製造的半導體裝置。
形成有電路圖案的半導體晶圓晶片在根據需要藉由背面研磨調節厚度後,切割為半導體晶片(切割步驟工序)。在切割工序步驟中,為了除去切割層,一般藉由適度的液壓(通常約2kg/cm2 )清洗半導體晶片。然後,利用膠黏劑將所述半導體晶片固著到引線框等被黏物上(安裝工序步驟)後,移送到接合工序步驟。所述安裝工序步驟中,將膠黏劑塗布到引線框或半導體晶片上。但是,該方法難以實現膠黏劑層的均勻化,另外膠黏劑的塗布需要特殊裝置和長時間。因此,提出了在切割工序步驟中膠黏保持半導體晶圓、並且也提供安裝工序步驟中所需的晶片固著用膠黏劑層的切割、晶片接合薄膜(例如,參考專利文獻1)。
專利文獻1中所述的切割、晶片接合薄膜,在基材1上設置有可以剝離的膠黏劑層。即,在膠黏劑層的保持下將半導體晶圓切割後,對基材1進行拉伸而將半導體晶片與膠黏劑層一起剝離,將其逐個回收後藉由該膠黏劑層固著到引線框等被黏物上。
這種切割、晶片接合薄膜的膠黏劑層,為了不產生無法切割或尺寸誤差等問題,期望具有對半導體晶圓的良好保持力以及能夠將切割後的半導體晶片與膠黏劑層一體地從基材1上剝離的良好剝離性。但是,這兩種特性不容易達到平衡。
因此,為了克服這樣的問題,提出了各種改良方法。例如,在下述專利文獻2中,提出了使基材1與膠黏劑層之間夾設可以紫外線固化的黏合劑層,在切割後將其進行紫外線固化,從而使黏合劑層與膠黏劑層之間的膠黏力下降,藉由兩者間的剝離使容易地進行半導體晶片的拾取的方法。
但是,隨著半導體晶圓的大型化(10mm×10mm以上)、薄型化(約15μm~約100μm),現有的切割、晶片接合薄膜難以同時滿足切割時所需的高膠黏性和拾取時所需的剝離性,難以將帶有膠黏劑的半導體晶片從切割片上剝離。結果,產生拾取不良或晶片變形導致破損的問題。
[專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]:日本特開昭60-57642號公報
[專利文獻2]:日本特開平2-248064號公報
本發明的目的在於提供一種帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜,在基材上具有黏合劑層,在該黏合劑層上具有以可剝離的方式設置的膠黏薄膜,該帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜即使在半導體晶圓為薄型的情況下也無損將其進行切割時的保持力,並且將藉由切割得到的半導體晶片與該膠黏薄膜一體地剝離時的剝離性優良;還提供該膠黏薄膜的製造方法。
本發明人為了解決上述現有問題對帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜及其製造方法進行了研究,結果發現,藉由採用下述構成可以實現前述目的,從而完成了本發明。
即,有關本發明的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜,為了解決上述問題,在基材上依次積層有黏合劑層和膠黏劑層,其中,所述黏合劑層中,與所述膠黏劑層的黏貼面的至少一部分區域的Si-Kα射線強度為0.01kcps~100kcps。
所述構成中的Si-Kα射線強度,可以作為所述黏合劑層的黏貼面中矽原子以何種程度存在的指標。藉由對所述黏貼面進行表面改質性使Si-Kα射線強度為0.01kcps以上,可以保持對所述膠黏劑層的剝離性。由此,例如在拾取半導體晶片時,可以防止產生膠糊殘留或拾取不良。另一方面,藉由進行表面改性表面改質使所述黏貼面的Si-Kα射線強度為100kcps以下,可以防止對膠黏劑層的膠黏性的過度下降。由此,例如在對黏貼在膠黏劑層上的半導體晶圓晶片進行切割時,可以將由該工序步驟得到的半導體晶片確實地膠黏固定。結果,可以防止晶片飛散或碎片的產生。
所述構成中,較佳為在溫度25℃、相對濕度55%、拉伸速度300mm/分鐘、剝離角度180°的條件下進行剝離時,所述區域對所述膠黏劑層的剝離黏合力為0.01N/20mm~0.2N/20mm。藉由對所述黏合劑層的黏貼面的至少一部分進行表面改質使Si-Kα射線強度為0.01kcps~100kcps,可以將黏合劑層對膠黏劑層的剝離黏合力控制在0.01N/20mm~0.2N/20mm的範圍內。在此,藉由使所述黏合力為0.01N/20mm以上,可以防止與膠黏劑層的膠黏性過度下降。另一方面,藉由使所述黏合力為0.2N/20mm以下,可以防止與膠黏劑層的過度膠黏。由此,可以在黏合劑層與膠黏劑層間保持良好的剝離性。結果,例如在拾取半導體晶片時,可以防止產生膠糊殘留或拾取不良。
另外,所述構成中,所述區域較佳為與所述膠黏劑層的工件黏貼區域對應的區域。所述膠黏劑層的半導體晶片黏貼區域是指用來黏貼半導體晶片等半導體晶片的區域。藉由具有這樣的構成,可以防止半導體晶片切割時半導體晶片的晶片飛散或產生碎片,並且可以保持良好的拾取性。
另外,為了解決上述問題,有關本發明的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜的製造方法為在基材上依序積層有黏合劑層和膠黏劑層的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜,其特徵在於,包括如下步驟:在所述基材上形成黏合劑層的步驟,對所述黏合劑層的表面的至少一部分區域進行表面改質使Si-Kα射線強度為0.01kcps~100kcps的步驟,和在所述黏合劑層中的經表面改質後的表面上形成所述膠黏劑層的步驟。
所述方法中,藉由對在基材上形成的黏合劑層的表面的至少一部分進行表面改質使Si-Kα射線強度為0.01kcps~100kcps,可以容易地使其對之後形成的膠黏劑層的膠黏性與剝離性形成良好的平衡狀態。結果,例如可以防止切割半導體晶圓時半導體晶片的晶片飛散或產生碎片,並且可以同時防止拾取該半導體晶片時的膠糊殘留或拾取不良。
所述黏合劑層的所述黏貼面的表面改質,較佳為藉由將至少含有聚矽氧烷樹脂的溶液以霧狀散佈的方法、將在另一薄膜上塗布聚矽氧烷樹脂而得到的塗層轉印的方法、或者在黏合劑層表面塗布聚矽氧烷分散體並使其乾燥的方法來進行。特別是將至少含有聚矽氧烷樹脂的溶液以霧狀散佈的方法,可以簡便地進行表面改質的步驟,可以提高作業性。
另外,為了解決上述問題,有關本發明的半導體裝置特徵在於,由上述的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜製造而成。
[發明效果]
本發明藉由前面說明過的手段,實現以下效果。即,根據本發明的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜,具有在基材上依序積層有黏合劑層和膠黏劑層的結構,在該黏合劑層與膠黏劑層的黏貼面的至少一部分區域中實施了表面改質。表面改質是進行處理使Si-Kα射線強度為0.01kcps~100kcps,因此,由此可以使黏合劑層與膠黏劑層間的膠黏性和剝離性的平衡良好。結果,例如可以防止切割半導體晶圓時半導體晶片的晶片飛散或產生碎片,並且可以同時防止拾取該半導體晶片時的膠糊殘留或拾取不良的產生,提高製造上的生產量。
(帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜)
以下對有關本實施方式的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜進行說明。
如圖1所示,帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜10為在基材1上依次積層黏合劑層2和膠黏劑層3的構成。另外,如圖2所示,也可以是僅在半導體晶圓的黏貼部分形成膠黏劑層3’的構成。另外,本說明書中,膠黏劑層3以及膠黏劑層3’相當於膠黏薄膜。
本發明的膠黏薄膜,可以作為晶片接合薄膜或倒裝晶片型半導體背面用薄膜使用。倒裝晶片型半導體背面用薄膜用於為了形成在被黏物(例如,引線框或電路板等各種基底)上連接有倒裝晶片而得到的半導體元件(例如,半導體晶片)的背面。
所述黏合劑層2的與膠黏劑層3的黏貼面進行了表面改質,使Si-Kα射線強度為0.01kcps~100kcps,更佳為0.05kcps~50kcps,特佳為0.1kcps~10kcps。藉由 使Si-Kα射線強度為100kcps以下,可以防止黏合劑層2對膠黏劑層3的膠黏性過度下降。結果,例如在將膠黏劑層3上黏貼的半導體晶圓片切割而形成半導體晶片時,可以防止該半導體晶片產生晶片飛散或者產生碎片。另一方面,藉由使Si-Kα射線強度為0.01kcps以上,可以抑制黏合劑層2對膠黏劑層3的剝離性過度下降。結果,例如在拾取所述半導體晶片時,可以防止構成黏合劑層2的黏合劑的膠糊殘留。另外,也可以減少拾取不良,提高成品率。
另外,所述Si-Kα射線強度是藉由螢光X射線分析測定的值。作為分析裝置,可以使用理學(Rigaku)股份有限公司製造的ZSX100e等。另外,作為測定條件,例如可以使用直立式Rh管,設定分析面積為300mmΦ,分光晶體為RX4,輸出為50kV、70mA。
另外,藉由進行表面改質使Si-Kα射線強度為0.01kcps~100kcps,可以使黏合劑層2的黏貼面中的經表面改質的區域對膠黏劑層的剝離黏合力在0.01N/20mm~0.2N/20mm的範圍內。藉由使剝離黏合力為0.01N/20mm以上,可以防止與膠黏劑層3的膠黏性過度下降。另一方面,藉由使剝離黏合力為0.2/20mm以下,可以防止與膠黏劑層3的過度膠黏。所述黏合力更佳在0.015N/20mm~0.18N/20mm的範圍內。另外,所述黏合力是在溫度25℃、相對濕度55%Rh、拉伸速度300mm/分鐘、剝離角度180°的條件 下進行剝離並測定時的值。
黏合劑層2的經表面改質的區域中,例如藉由霧狀散佈包含作為脫模處理劑的聚矽氧烷樹脂溶液,而存在來自所述聚矽氧烷樹脂的矽原子。黏合劑層2中表面改質的區域,只要是與膠黏劑層3的黏貼面則沒有特別限制。但是,較佳對與膠黏劑層3的半導體晶片黏貼部分3a對應的部分2a進行表面改質。當僅將與對半導體晶片的黏貼沒有貢獻的部分3b對應的部分2b進行表面改質時,不能使黏合劑層2對膠黏劑層3的膠黏性和剝離性達到良好的平衡狀態。結果,切割時產生晶片飛散等或拾取不良。
作為所述聚矽氧烷樹脂,可以列舉例如:矽油、矽橡膠、二甲基聚矽氧烷等。其中,從作業性的觀點考慮,較佳為矽油。
另外,在黏合劑層2的所述部分2a和部分2b中,可以設置表面改質的程度差。具體而言,進行表面改質使所述部分2b的Si-Kα射線強度為0.01kcps~100kcps、更佳為0.05kcps~50kcps。藉由設定在該數值範圍內,可以控制所述部分2a對膠黏劑層3的黏合力使其小於所述部分2b對膠黏劑層3的黏合力。具體而言,可以控制在0.01N/20mm~0.2N/20mm,更佳為0.012N/20mm~0.19N/20mm、特佳為0.015N/20mm~0.18N/20mm的範圍內。另外,黏合力的測定條件與前述同樣。以具有此樣的構成,例如, 在圖2所示的带有切割片的膠黏薄膜11中,可以將黏貼在黏合劑層2的所述部分2b上的切割環(dicing ring)確實地固定。
另外,在與膠黏劑層3黏貼的面中,表面改質的區域可以在Si-Kα射線強度為0.01kcps~100kcps的範圍內均勻地形成,也可以不均勻地形成。進而,表面改質的區域與非表面改質的區域可以以帶狀、同心圓狀等混合存在。將與膠黏劑層3的黏貼面全部進行表面改質時,較佳為不形成膜厚度大的聚矽氧烷樹脂層。形成這樣的聚矽氧烷樹脂層時,有時黏合劑層2會喪失膠黏性。
以下,對構成本實施方式的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜10的各構成構件進行詳細說明。
所述基材1為帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜10的強度母體。例如可以列舉:低密度聚乙烯、直鏈狀聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯、超低密度聚乙烯、無規共聚丙烯、嵌段共聚丙烯、均聚丙烯、聚丁烯、聚甲基戊烯等聚烯烴、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、離子聚合物樹脂、乙烯-(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物、乙烯-(甲基)丙烯酸酯(無規、交替)共聚物、乙烯-丁烯共聚物、乙烯-己烯共聚物、聚氨酯、聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯等聚酯、聚碳酸酯、聚醯亞胺、聚醚醚酮、、聚醚醯亞胺、聚醯胺、全芳香族聚醯胺、聚苯硫醚、芳族聚醯胺(紙)、玻璃、玻璃布、含氟樹脂、聚氯乙烯、聚偏二氯乙烯、纖維素樹脂、聚矽氧烷樹脂、金屬(箔)、紙等。另外,黏合劑層2為紫外線固化型時,基材1較佳採用具有紫外線透射性的基材。
另外,作為基材1的材料,可以列舉所述樹脂的交聯物等聚合物。所述塑膠薄膜可以不拉伸而使用,也可以根據需要進行單軸或雙軸拉伸處理後使用。利用經拉伸處理等而具有熱收縮性的樹脂片,藉由在切割後使其基材1熱收縮而降低黏合劑層2與膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層3’的膠黏面積,可以容易地回收半導體晶片。
為了提高與鄰接層的密合性和保持性等,基材1的表面可以進行慣用的表面處理,例如鉻酸處理、臭氧暴露、火焰暴露、高壓電擊暴露、離子射線處理等化學或物理處理、底塗劑(例如,後述的黏合物質)塗布處理。
所述基材1可以適當選擇使用同種或異種材料,根據需要也可以將多種材料混合使用。另外,為了賦予基材1防靜電性能,可以在所述基材1上設置包含金屬、合金、它們的氧化物等的厚度約30~500的導電物質的蒸鍍層。基材1可以是單層或者兩種以上的多層。
基材1的厚度沒有特別限制,可以適當設定,一般為約5μm~200μm。
作為黏合劑層2的形成中使用的黏合劑,沒有特別限制,可以使用例如丙烯酸類黏合劑、橡膠類黏合劑等一般的壓敏黏合劑。作為所述壓敏黏合劑,從半導體晶圓或玻璃等避忌污染的電子部件的超純水或醇等有機溶劑的清潔洗滌性等方面考慮,較佳以丙烯酸類聚合物為基礎聚合物的丙烯酸類黏合劑。
作為所述丙烯酸類聚合物,可以列舉使用丙烯酸酯作為主單體成分的丙烯酸類聚合物。作為所述丙烯酸酯,可以列舉例如:使用(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯(例如,甲酯、乙酯、丙酯、異丙酯、丁酯、異丁酯、第二丁酯、第三丁酯、戊酯、異戊酯、己酯、庚酯、辛酯、2-乙基己酯、異辛酯、壬酯、癸酯、異癸酯、十一烷酯、十二烷酯、十三烷酯、十四烷酯、十六烷酯、十八烷酯、二十烷酯等烷基的碳原子數1~30、特別是碳原子數4~18的直鏈或支鏈烷基酯等)及(甲基)丙烯酸環烷酯(例如,環戊酯、環己酯等)的一種或兩種以上作為單體成分的丙烯酸類聚合物等。另外,(甲基)丙烯酸酯是指丙烯酸酯及/或甲基丙烯酸酯,本發明的“(甲基)”全部具有同樣的含義。
所述丙烯酸類聚合物,為了改善凝聚力和耐熱性等,根據需要可以含有與能夠與所述(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯或環烷酯共聚的其他單體成分對應的單元。作為這樣的單體成分,可以列舉例如:丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、(甲基)丙烯酸羧乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸羧戊酯、衣康酸、馬來酸、富馬酸、巴豆酸等含羧基單體;馬來酸酐、衣康酸酐等酸酐單體;(甲基)丙烯酸-2-羥基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-羥基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-4-羥基丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-6-羥基己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-8-羥基辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-10-羥基癸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-12-羥基十二烷酯、(甲基)丙烯酸(4-羥基甲基環己基)甲酯等含羥基單體;苯乙烯磺酸、烯丙磺酸、2-(甲基)丙烯醯胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸、(甲基)丙烯醯胺基丙磺酸、(甲基)丙烯酸磺丙酯、(甲基)丙烯醯氧基萘磺酸等含磺酸基單體;丙烯醯磷酸-2-羥基乙酯等含磷酸基單體;丙烯醯胺;丙烯腈等。這些可共聚單體成分可以使用一種或兩種以上。這些可共聚單體的使用量較佳為全部單體成分的40重量%以下。
進而,所述丙烯酸類聚合物為了進行交聯根據需要也可以含有多官能單體等作為共聚用單體成分。作為這樣的多官能單體,可以列舉例如:己二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、(聚)乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、(聚)丙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、新戊二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇六(甲基)丙烯酸酯、環氧(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯、氨基甲酸酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯等。這些多官能單體也可以使用一種或者兩種以上。多官能單體的使用量從黏合特性等觀點考慮較佳為全部單體成分的30重量%以下。
所述丙烯酸類聚合物可以藉由將單一單體或兩種以上單體的混合物聚合而得到。聚合可以溶液聚合、乳化聚合、塊狀聚合、懸浮聚合等的任意方式進行。從防止污染潔淨的被黏物等觀點考慮,較佳為低分子量物質的含量小。從該觀點考慮,丙烯酸類聚合物的重均分子量較佳為約30萬以上、更佳約40萬至300萬。
另外,為了提高作為基礎聚合物的丙烯酸類聚合物等的重量平均分子量,所述黏合劑中也可以適當使用外部交聯劑。作為外部交聯方法的具體方法,可以列舉:添加多異氰酸酯化合物、環氧化合物、氮丙啶化合物、三聚氰胺型交聯劑等所謂的交聯劑進行反應的方法。使用外部交聯劑的情況下,其使用量藉由與欲交聯的基礎聚合物的平衡以及作為黏合劑的使用用途進行適當確定。一般相對於所述基礎聚合物100重量份較佳為調配約5重量份以下,更佳為調配0.1重量份~5重量份。另外,黏合劑中根據需要除所述成分之外還可以使用現有公知的各種增黏劑、抗老化劑等添加劑。
黏合劑層2可以藉由輻射線固化型黏合劑來形成。輻射線固化型黏合劑可以透過紫外線等輻射線的照射而增大交聯度從而使其黏合力容易地下降,藉由僅對圖2所示的黏合劑層2的與半導體晶片黏貼部分對應的部分2a照射輻射線,可以設置與其他部分2b的黏合力差別。
另外,藉由與圖2所示的膠黏劑層3’相符地使輻射線固化型黏合劑層2固化,可以容易地形成黏合力顯著下降的所述部分2a。由於固化而黏合力下降的所述部分2a上黏貼有膠黏劑層3’,因此黏合劑層2的所述部分2a與膠黏劑層3’的介面具有在拾取時容易剝離的性質。另一方面,未照射輻射線的部分具有充分的黏合力,形成所述部分2b。
如前所述,圖1所示的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜10的黏合劑層2中,由未固化的輻射線固化型黏合劑形成的所述部分2b與膠黏劑層3黏合,能夠確保切割時的保持力。這樣,輻射線固化型黏合劑可以在膠黏和剝離的平衡良好的情況下支撐用於將半導體晶片固著到基底等被黏物上的膠黏劑層3。圖2所示的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜11的黏合劑層2中,所述部分2b可以固定晶圓環(wafer ring)。
輻射線固化型黏合劑可以沒有特別限制地使用具有碳-碳雙鍵等輻射線固化性官能基、並且顯示黏合性的黏合劑。作為輻射線固化型黏合劑,例如,可以例示在所述丙烯酸類黏合劑、橡膠類黏合劑等一般的壓敏黏合劑中調配有輻射線固化性單體成分或低聚物成分的添加型輻射線固化型黏合劑。
作為調配的輻射線固化性單體成分,可以列舉例如:氨基甲酸酯低聚物、氨基甲酸酯(甲基)丙烯酸 酯、三羥甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、四羥甲基甲烷四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇單羥基五(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇六(甲基)丙烯酸酯、1,4-丁二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯等。另外,輻射線固化性的低聚物成分可以列舉聚氨酯類、聚醚類、聚酯類、聚碳酸酯類、聚丁二烯類等各種低聚物,其分子量在約100至30000的範圍內是適當的。輻射線固化性單體成分或低聚物成分的調配量可以根據所述黏合劑層的種類適當確定能夠使黏合劑層的黏合力下降的量。一般而言,相對於構成黏合劑的丙烯酸類聚合物等基礎聚合物100重量份,例如為約5重量份至500重量份、較佳為約40重量份至150重量份。-
另外,作為輻射線固化型黏合劑,除前面說明過的添加型的輻射線固化型黏合劑以外,還可以列舉:使用在聚合物側鏈或主鏈中或者主鏈末端具有碳-碳雙鍵的聚合物作為基礎聚合物的內在型的輻射線固化型黏合劑。內在型的輻射線固化型黏合劑不需要含有或者多數不含有作為低分子成分的低聚物成分等,因此低聚物成分等不會隨時間推移在黏合劑中遷移,可以形成層結構穩定的黏合劑層,因而較佳。
所述具有碳-碳雙鍵的基礎聚合物,可以沒有特別限制地使用具有碳-碳雙鍵並且具有黏合性的基礎聚合物。作為這樣的基礎聚合物,較佳以丙烯酸類聚合物為基本骨架的基礎聚合物。作為丙烯酸類聚合物的基本骨架,可以列舉前面例示的丙烯酸類聚合物。
在所述丙烯酸類聚合物中引入碳-碳雙鍵的方法沒有特別限制,可以採用各種方法,從分子設計方面而言在聚合物側鏈中引入碳-碳雙鍵是比較容易的。例如可以列舉:首先將具有官能基的單體與丙烯酸類聚合物共聚後,使具有能夠與該官能基反應的官能基及碳-碳雙鍵的化合物在保持碳-碳雙鍵的輻射線固化性的情況下與所得共聚物進行縮合或加成反應的方法。
作為這些官能基的組合例,可以列舉:羧基與環氧基、羧基與氮丙啶基、羥基與異氰酸酯基等。這些官能基的組合中,從容易追蹤反應的觀點考慮,較佳為羥基與異氰酸酯基的組合。另外,根據這些官能基的組合,如果是生成所述具有碳-碳雙鍵的丙烯酸類聚合物的組合,則官能基可以在丙烯酸類聚合物和所述化合物的任意一個上,在所述較佳組合的情況下,較佳為丙烯酸類聚合物具有羥基、所述化合物具有異氰酸酯基。此時,作為具有碳-碳雙鍵的異氰酸酯化合物,可以列舉例如:甲基丙烯醯異氰酸酯、2-甲基丙烯醯氧乙基異氰酸酯、間異丙烯基-α,α-二甲基苄基異氰酸酯等。另外,作為丙烯酸類聚合物,可以使用將前面例示的含羥基單體或2-羥基乙基乙烯基醚、4-羥基丁基乙烯基醚、二乙二醇單乙烯基醚等醚類化合物等共聚而得到的丙烯酸類聚合物。
所述內在型的輻射線固化型黏合劑,可以單獨使用所述具有碳-碳雙鍵的基礎聚合物(特別是丙烯酸類聚合物),也可以在不損害特性的範圍內調配所述輻射線固化性的單體成分或低聚物成分。輻射線固化性的低聚物成分等通常相對於基礎聚合物100重量份在約30重量份的範圍內,較佳為0~10重量份的範圍。
在藉由紫外線等固化時,所述輻射線固化型黏合劑中較佳含有光聚合引發劑。作為光聚合引發劑,可以列舉例如:4-(2-羥基乙氧基)苯基-(2-羥基-2-丙基)酮、α-羥基-α,α’-二甲基苯乙酮、2-甲基-2-羥基苯丙酮、1-羥基環己基苯基酮等α-酮醇類化合物;甲氧基苯乙酮、2,2-二甲氧基-2-苯基苯乙酮、2,2-二乙氧基苯乙酮、2-甲基-1-[4-(甲硫基)苯基]-2-嗎啉代丙烷-1-酮等苯乙酮類化合物;苯偶姻乙醚、苯偶姻異丙醚、茴香偶姻甲醚等苯偶姻醚類化合物;聯苯醯二甲基縮酮等縮酮類化合物;2-萘磺醯氯等芳香族磺醯氯類化合物;1-苯基-1,1-丙二酮-2-(鄰乙氧基羰基)肟等光活性肟類化合物;二苯甲酮、苯甲醯基苯甲酸、3,3’-二甲基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮等二苯甲酮類化合物;噻噸酮、2-氯噻噸酮、2-甲基噻噸酮、2,4-二甲基噻噸酮、異丙基噻噸酮、2,4-二氯噻噸酮、2,4-二乙基噻噸酮、2,4-二異丙基噻噸酮等噻噸酮類化合物;樟腦醌;鹵代酮;醯基氧化膦;醯基膦酸酯等。光聚合引發劑的調配量相對於構成黏合劑的丙烯酸類聚合物等基礎聚合物100重量份例如為約0.05重量份至20重量份。
另外,作為輻射線固化型黏合劑,可以列舉例如:日本特開昭60-196956號公報中公開的、包含具有兩個以上不飽合鍵的加聚性化合物、具有環氧基的烷氧基矽烷等光聚合性化合物和羰基化合物、有機硫化合物、過氧化物、胺、鎓鹽類化合物等光聚合引發劑的橡膠類黏合劑或丙烯酸類黏合劑等。
所述輻射線固化型的黏合劑層2中,根據需要可以含有經輻射線照射會著色的化合物。通過藉由在黏合劑層2中含有經輻射線照射會著色的化合物,可以僅使輻射線照射後的部分著色。即,可以使圖1所示的與半導體晶圓片黏貼部分3a對應的部分2a著色。因此,藉由目視立即可以判斷黏合劑層2是否照射過輻射線,可以容易地識別半導體晶片黏貼部分3a,從而容易進行半導體晶圓的黏貼。另外,通過藉由光感測器等檢測半導體元件時,其檢測精度提高,在半導體元件的拾取時不會產生誤操作。
經輻射線照射會著色的化合物,是在輻射線照射前為無色或淺色,經輻射線照射後變為有色的化合物。作為所述化合物的較佳具體例,可以列舉無色(leuco)染料。作為無色染料,可以較佳使用慣用的三苯基甲烷類、熒烷(fluorane)類、吩噻嗪類、金胺類、螺吡喃類等。具體而言,可以列舉:3-[N-(對甲苯氨基)]-7-苯胺基熒烷、3-[N-(對甲苯基)-N-甲基氨基]-7- 苯胺基熒烷、3-[N-(對甲苯基)-N-乙基氨基]-7-苯胺基熒烷、3-二乙氨基-6-甲基-7-苯胺基熒烷、結晶紫內酯、4,4’,4”-三(二甲氨基)三苯基甲醇、4,4’,4”-三(二甲氨基)三苯基甲烷等。
作為較佳與這些無色染料一起使用的顯色劑,可以列舉一直以來使用的酚醛樹脂的預聚物、芳香族羧酸衍生物、活性白土等電子受體,另外,在使色調變化的情況下也可以組合使用各種發色劑。
這樣的經輻射線照射會著色的化合物,可以先溶解於有機溶劑等中後再添加到輻射線固化型膠黏劑中,或者也可以製成微粉末狀後添加到該膠黏劑中。該化合物的使用比例在黏合劑層2中較佳為10重量%以下,更佳為0.01重量%~10重量%,進而佳為0.5重量%~5重量%。該化合物的比例超過10重量%時,照射到黏合劑層2上的輻射線被該化合物過度地吸收,因此黏合劑層2的所述部分2a的固化不充分,有時黏合力不能充分下降。另一方面,為了充分地著色,較佳將該化合物的比例設定為0.01重量%以上。
藉由輻射線固化型黏合劑形成黏合劑層2時,可以對黏合劑層2的一部分照射輻射線,使黏合劑層2中的所述部分2a的黏合力<其他部分2b的黏合力。
作為在所述黏合劑層2中形成所述部分2a的方法,可以列舉在基材1上形成輻射線固化型黏合劑層2後,部分地對所述部分2a照射輻射線而使其固化的 方法。部分的輻射線照射可以藉由形成有與半導體晶片黏貼部分3a以外的部分3b等對應的圖案的光罩來進行。另外,可以列舉點狀照射輻射線使其固化的方法。輻射線固化型黏合劑層2的形成可以藉由將設置在隔片上的黏合劑層轉印到基材1上來進行。部分的輻射線照射也可以對設置在隔片上的輻射線固化型黏合劑層2進行。
另外,藉由輻射線固化型黏合劑形成黏合劑層2時,使用將基材1的至少單面的、與半導體晶圓黏貼部分3a對應的部分以外的部分的全部或者一部分進行遮光的基材,在其上形成輻射線固化型黏合劑層2後進行輻射線照射,使與半導體晶圓黏貼部分3a對應的部分固化,從而可以形成黏合力下降的所述部分2a。作為遮光材料,可以藉由印刷或蒸鍍等在支撐薄膜上製作能夠形成光罩的遮光材料。藉由該製造方法,可以高效率地製造本發明的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜10。
另外,照射輻射線時因氧而產生固化障礙時,較佳藉由任意方法從輻射線固化型黏合劑層2的表面隔絕氧(空氣)。可以列舉例如:用隔片將所述黏合劑層2的表面覆蓋的方法或者在氮氣氛圍中進行紫外線等輻射線的照射的方法等。
黏合劑層2的厚度沒有特別限制,從兼具防止晶片切割面的缺損和膠黏層的固定保持的功能等方面考慮,較佳為約1μm至50μm。較佳為2μm~30μm、更 佳為5μm~25μm。
所述膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層3’是具有膠黏功能的層,作為其構成材料,可以列舉熱塑性樹脂與熱固性樹脂組合使用的材料。另外,也可以單獨使用熱塑性樹脂或熱固性樹脂。
膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層3’的積層結構沒有特別限制,例如,可以列舉僅由單層構成的膠黏劑層,或者在芯材的單面或雙面形成有膠黏劑層的多層結構的膠黏劑層等。作為所述芯材,可以列舉薄膜(例如聚醯亞胺薄膜、聚酯薄膜、聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜、聚碳酸酯薄膜等)、用玻璃纖維或塑膠製不織纖維增強的樹脂基板、矽基板或玻璃基板等。
作為所述熱塑性樹脂,可以列舉:天然橡膠、丁基橡膠、異戊二烯橡膠、氯丁橡膠、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物、聚丁二烯樹脂、聚碳酸酯樹脂、熱塑性聚醯亞胺樹脂、尼龍6或尼龍6,6等聚醯胺樹脂、苯氧基樹脂、丙烯酸類樹脂、PET或PBT等飽和聚酯樹脂、聚醯胺醯亞胺樹脂、或者含氟樹脂等。這些熱塑性樹脂可以單獨使用或者兩種以上組合使用。這些熱塑性樹脂中,特別較佳為離子性雜質少、耐熱性高、能夠確保半導體元件的可靠性的丙烯酸類樹脂。
作為所述丙烯酸類樹脂,沒有特別限制,可以列舉以一種或兩種以上具有碳原子數30以下、特別是碳原子數4~18的直鏈或支鏈烷基的丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯為成分的聚合物等。作為所述烷基,可以列舉例如:甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、正丁基、第三丁基、異丁基、戊基、異戊基、己基、庚基、環己基、2-乙基己基、辛基、異辛基、壬基、異壬基、癸基、異癸基、十一烷基、月桂基、十三烷基、十四烷基、硬脂基、十八烷基或者十二烷基等。
另外,作為形成所述聚合物的其他單體,沒有特別限制,可以列舉例如:丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酸羧乙酯、丙烯酸羧戊酯、衣康酸、馬來酸、富馬酸或巴豆酸等含羧基單體;馬來酸酐或衣康酸酐等酸酐單體;(甲基)丙烯酸-2-羥基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-羥基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-4-羥基丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-6-羥基己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-8-羥基辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-10-羥基癸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-12-羥基月桂酯或丙烯酸(4-羥甲基環己基)甲酯等含羥基單體;苯乙烯磺酸、烯丙磺酸、2-(甲基)丙烯醯胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸、(甲基)丙烯醯胺基丙磺酸、(甲基)丙烯酸磺丙酯或(甲基)丙烯醯氧基萘磺酸等含磺酸基單體;或者丙烯醯磷酸-2-羥基乙酯等含磷酸基單體等。
作為所述熱固性樹脂,可以列舉酚醛樹脂、氨基樹脂、不飽和聚酯樹脂、環氧樹脂、聚氨酯樹脂、聚矽氧烷樹脂或熱固性聚醯亞胺樹脂等。這些樹脂可以單獨使用或者兩種以上組合使用。特別較佳會使半導體元件腐蝕的離子性雜質等的含量少的環氧樹脂。另外,作為環氧樹脂的固化劑,較佳酚醛樹脂。
所述環氧樹脂,只要是作為膠黏劑組合物通常使用的則沒有特別限制,可以使用例如:雙酚A型、雙酚P型、雙酚S型、溴化雙酚A型、氫化雙酚A型、雙酚AP型、聯苯型、萘型、芴型、苯酚酚醛清漆型、鄰甲酚酚醛清漆型、三羥苯基甲烷型、四苯酚基乙烷型等雙官能環氧樹脂或多官能環氧樹脂、或者乙內醯脲型、異氰脲酸三縮水甘油酯型或縮水甘油胺型等環氧樹脂。這些環氧樹脂可以單獨使用或者兩種以上組合使用。這些環氧樹脂中,特別較佳為酚醛清漆型環氧樹脂、聯苯型環氧樹脂、三羥苯基甲烷型環氧樹脂或四苯酚基乙烷型環氧樹脂。這是因為:這些環氧樹脂與作為固化劑的酚醛樹脂的反應性好,並且耐熱性等優良。
另外,所述酚醛樹脂作為所述環氧樹脂的固化劑起作用,可以列舉例如:苯酚酚醛清漆樹脂、苯酚芳烷基樹脂、甲酚酚醛清漆樹脂、第三丁基苯酚酚醛清漆樹脂、壬基苯酚酚醛清漆樹脂等酚醛清漆型酚樹脂、甲階酚醛樹脂型酚樹脂、聚對羥基苯乙烯等聚羥基苯乙烯等。這些酚醛樹脂可以單獨使用或者兩種以上組合使用。這些酚醛樹脂中特別較佳苯酚酚醛清漆樹脂、苯酚芳烷基樹脂。這是因為可以提高半導體裝置的連接可靠性。
所述環氧樹脂與酚醛樹脂的調配比例,例如以相對於所述環氧樹脂成分中的環氧基1當量、酚醛樹脂中的羥基為0.5當量~2.0當量的比例進行調配是適當的。更佳為0.8~1.2當量。即,這是因為:兩者的調配比例如果在所述範圍以外,則固化反應不能充分進行,環氧樹脂固化物的特性容易變差。
另外,本發明中,特別較佳使用環氧樹脂、酚醛樹脂及丙烯酸類樹脂的膠黏劑層。這些樹脂的離子性雜質少、耐熱性高,因此可以確保半導體元件的可靠性。此時的調配比例是,相對於丙烯酸類樹脂100重量份,環氧樹脂與酚醛樹脂的混合量為10重量份~200重量份。
作為環氧樹脂與酚醛樹脂的熱固化促進催化劑,沒有特別限制,可以從公知的熱固化促進催化劑中適當選擇使用。熱固化促進催化劑可以單獨使用或者兩種以上組合使用。作為熱固化促進催化劑,可以使用例如:胺類固化促進劑、含磷固化促進劑、咪唑類固化促進劑、含硼固化促進劑、含磷硼固化促進劑等。
本發明中,膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層3’根據需要可以進行著色。膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層3’中藉由著色所呈的顏色沒有特別限制,例如較佳為黑色、藍色、紅色、綠色等。膠黏薄膜作為晶片接合薄膜使用時,通常不著色(也可以著色),當作為倒裝晶片型半導體背面用薄膜使用時,通常著色。著色時,可以從顏料、染料等公知的著色劑中適當選擇使用。
預先使本發明的膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層3’進行某種程度的交聯的情況下,在製作時可以添加與聚合物的分子鏈末端的官能基等反應的多官能化合物作為交聯劑。由此,可以提高高溫下的膠黏特性,改善耐熱性。
作為所述交聯劑,可以使用現有公知的交聯劑。特別是較佳為甲苯二異氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二異氰酸酯、對苯二異氰酸酯、1,5-萘二異氰酸酯、多元醇與二異氰酸酯的加成產物等多異氰酸酯化合物。交聯劑的添加量相對於所述聚合物100重量份通常較佳設定為0.05重量份~7重量份。交聯劑的量超過7重量份時,膠黏力下降,因此不佳。另一方面,低於0.05重量份時,凝聚力不足,因此不佳。另外,根據需要可以與如多異氰酸酯化合物一起含有環氧樹脂等其他多官能化合物。
另外,膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層3’中可以適當調配無機填充劑。無機填充劑的調配可以在膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層3’的表面賦予凹凸。另外,還可以賦予導電性、提高導熱性、調節儲能模量等。
作為所述無機填充劑,可以列舉例如:由二氧化矽、黏土、石膏、碳酸鈣、硫酸鋇、氧化鋁、氧化鈹、碳化矽、氮化矽等陶瓷類、鋁、銅、銀、金、鎳、鉻、鉛、錫、鋅、鈀、焊料等金屬、或者合金類、以及碳等構成的各種無機粉末。這些無機填充劑可以單獨使用或者兩種以上組合使用。其中,較佳是使用二氧化矽,特別是熔融二氧化矽。
所述無機填充劑的平均粒徑較佳在0.1μm~5μm的範圍內,更佳在0.2μm~3μm的範圍內。無機填充劑的平均粒徑小於0.1μm時,難以使所述膠黏劑層的Ra為0.15μm以上。另一方面,所述平均粒徑超過5μm時,難以使Ra低於1μm。另外,在本發明中,可以將平均粒徑相互不同的無機填充劑組合使用。另外,平均粒徑是利用例如分光光度式粒度分佈計(HORIBA制,裝置名:LA-910)求得的值。
所述無機填充劑的調配量相對于有機樹脂成分100重量份較佳設定為20重量份~80重量份。特別較佳為20重量份~70重量份。無機填充劑的調配量低於20重量份時,耐熱性下降,因此在經受長時間高溫的熱經歷時,膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層3’固化,有時流動性或填埋性下降。另外,超過80重量份時,膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層3’的儲能模量增大。因此,固化的膠黏劑的應力難以緩和,有時在密封步驟中對凹凸的填埋性下降。
另外,膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層3’中除所述無機填充劑以外,根據需要也可以調配其他添加劑。作為其他添加劑,可以列舉例如阻燃劑、矽烷偶聯劑或離子 捕獲劑等。作為所述阻燃劑,可以列舉例如:三氧化銻、五氧化銻、溴化環氧樹脂等。這些物質可以單獨使用或者兩種以上組合使用。作為所述矽烷偶聯劑,可以列舉例如:β-(3,4-環氧環己基)乙基三甲氧基矽烷、γ-環氧丙氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、γ-環氧丙氧基丙基甲基二乙氧基矽烷等。這些化合物可以單獨使用或者兩種以上組合使用。作為所述離子捕獲劑,可以列舉例如:水滑石類、氫氧化鉍等。這些物質可以單獨使用或者兩種以上組合使用。
膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑3’的厚度(積層體的情況下為總厚度)沒有特別限制,例如可以為約5μm至約100μm,較佳約5μm至約50μm。
所述帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜10的膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層3’較佳由隔片保護(未圖示)。隔片具有在供給實際應用之前作為保護膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層3’的保護材料的功能。另外,隔片還可以作為向黏合劑層2上轉印膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層3’時的基材1使用。隔片在向帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜的膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層3’上黏貼半導體晶片時剝離。作為隔片,可以使用聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚乙烯、聚丙烯,也可以使用由含氟剝離劑、長鏈烷基丙烯酸酯類剝離劑等剝離劑進行了表面塗布的塑膠薄膜或紙等。
(帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜的製造方法)
有關本實施方式的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜的製造方法,包括:在基材1上形成黏合劑層2的步驟,對黏合劑層2的表面進行表面改質的步驟,和在經表面改質後的黏合劑層2上形成膠黏劑層3的步驟。
作為所述基材1的製膜方法,可以例示例如:壓延製膜法、有機溶劑中的壓鑄法、密閉體系中的吹塑擠出法、T形模頭擠出法、共擠出法、乾燥積層法等。
然後,藉由在基材1上塗布黏合劑組合物溶液後,在預定條件下進行乾燥(根據需要進行加熱交聯),可以形成黏合劑層2。作為塗布方法,沒有特別限制,可以列舉例如:輥塗、網板塗布、凹版塗布等。塗布時的塗布厚度可以適當設定,使塗層乾燥後最終得到的黏合劑層2的厚度在1μm~50μm的範圍內。另外,黏合劑組合物溶液的黏度沒有特別限制,較佳為100Pa‧s~5000mPa‧s,更佳為200Pa‧s~3000mPa‧s。
所述塗層的乾燥方法沒有特別限制,例如,在形成表面光滑的黏合劑層時,較佳為不使用乾燥風而使其乾燥。乾燥時間可以根據黏合劑組合物溶液的塗布量適當設定,通常為0.5分鐘~5分鐘、較佳為2分鐘~4分鐘的範圍內。乾燥溫度沒有特別限制,通常為80℃~150℃,較佳為80℃~130℃。
另外,關於黏合劑層2的形成,也可以在隔片上塗布黏合劑組合物形成其塗膜後,在所述乾燥條件下使塗膜乾燥而形成黏合劑層2。之後,將黏合劑層2轉印到基材上。
然後,對黏合劑層2的表面進行表面改質。該步驟中,對預定與膠黏劑層3黏貼的面至少進行表面改質。表面改質的方法沒有特別限制,例如,較佳藉由將至少含有聚矽氧烷樹脂的溶液以霧狀散佈的方法、將在另一薄膜上塗布聚矽氧烷樹脂而得到的塗層轉印的方法、或者在黏合劑層表面塗布聚矽氧烷分散體並使其乾燥的方法來進行。將含有聚矽氧烷樹脂的溶液以霧狀散佈時的散佈量可以根據進行表面改質的區域的面積適當設定。但是,較佳為藉由調節噴霧的速度、其高度、噴出量等進行表面改質,使被噴霧區域的Si-Kα射線強度在0.01kcps~100kcps的範圍內。
作為形成所述膠黏劑層3的步驟,可以列舉例如:進行在脫模薄膜上塗布膠黏劑組合物溶液而形成塗層的步驟,之後,進行使所述塗層乾燥的步驟的方法。
作為所述膠黏劑組合物溶液的塗布方法沒有特別限制,可以列舉例如:使用逗號型刮刀塗布(comma coat)法、模縫(fountain)法、凹版法等進行塗布的方法。塗布厚度可以適當設定,使塗層乾燥後最終得到的膠黏劑層的厚度在5μm~100μm的範圍內。另外,膠黏劑組合物溶液的黏度沒有特別限制,較佳為400mPa‧s~2500mPa‧s,更佳為800Pa‧s~2000mPa‧s。
作為所述脫模薄膜沒有特別限制,可以列舉例如在脫模薄膜的基材的與膠黏劑層黏貼的面上形成有聚矽氧烷層等脫模塗層的脫模薄膜。另外,作為脫模薄膜的基材,可以列舉例如:玻璃紙等紙材、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚酯等形成的樹脂薄膜。
所述塗層的乾燥藉由對塗層噴吹乾燥風來進行。該乾燥風的噴吹可以列舉例如:使其噴吹方向與脫模薄膜的運送方向平行地進行噴吹的方法、使其噴吹方向與塗層的表面垂直地進行噴吹的方法。乾燥風的風量沒有特別限制,通常為5 m/分鐘~20m/分鐘,較佳為5 m/分鐘~15m/分鐘。藉由將乾燥風的風量設定為5m/分鐘以上,可以防止塗層的乾燥不充分。另一方面,藉由將乾燥風的風量設定為20m/分鐘以下,可以使塗層表面附近的有機溶劑濃度均勻,因此可以使其蒸發均勻。結果,可以形成面內表面狀態均勻的膠黏劑層。
乾燥時間可以根據膠黏劑組合物溶液的塗布厚度適當設定,通常為1分鐘~5分鐘、較佳為2分鐘~4分鐘的範圍內。乾燥時間低於1分鐘時,固化反應進行不充分,未反應的固化成分或殘留的溶劑量多,因此有時在後續步驟中產生排氣或空隙的問題。另一方面,超過5分鐘時,固化反應過度進行,結果有時流動性或對被黏物的填埋性下降。
乾燥溫度沒有特別限制,通常設定在70℃~160℃的範圍內。但是,本發明中,較佳隨乾燥時間的推移使乾燥溫度階段性地上升來進行乾燥。具體而言,例如在乾燥初期(乾燥開始1分鐘以內)設定為70℃~100 ℃的範圍,在乾燥後期(超過1分鐘、並且5分鐘以內)設定在100℃~160℃的範圍內。由此,可以防止塗層表面在塗布後立即使乾燥溫度急劇升高時產生針孔(pin-hole)。結果,可以形成表面為凹凸狀、並且算術平均粗糙度Ra為0.015μm~1μm的膠黏劑層3。
接著,在黏合劑層2上進行膠黏劑層3的轉印。該轉印藉由壓接來進行。黏貼溫度為30℃~50℃、較佳為35℃~45℃。另外,黏貼壓力為0.1 MPa~0.6MPa、較佳為0.2 MPa~0.5MPa。
所述脫模薄膜在將膠黏劑層3黏貼到黏合劑層2上後可以剝離,或者可以原樣作為帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜的保護薄膜使用,在與半導體晶片等黏貼時再剝離。由此,可以製造本實施方式的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜。
(半導體裝置的製造方法)
本發明的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜10,在將膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層3’上任意設置的隔片適當剝離後如下進行使用。以下,參考圖3以使用帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜10的情況為例進行說明。
首先,將半導體晶圓4壓接在帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜10中的膠黏劑層3的半導體晶片黏貼部分3a上,使其膠黏保持而固定(黏貼步驟)。本步驟在用壓接輥等擠壓方法擠壓的同時進行。安裝時的黏貼溫度沒有特別限制,例如較佳在20℃~80℃的範圍內。
然後,進行半導體晶圓4的切割。由此,將半導體晶圓4切割為預定的尺寸而單片化,製造半導體晶片5。切割例如從半導體晶片4的電路面一側按照常規方法來進行。另外,本步驟中,例如可以採用切入至帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜10處的、稱為全切的切割方式等。本步驟中使用的切割裝置沒有特別限制,可以使用現有公知的切割裝置。另外,由於半導體晶圓4藉由帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜10膠黏固定,因此可以抑制晶片缺損或晶片飛散,同時也可以抑制半導體晶圓4的破損。
為了將膠黏固定在帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜10上的半導體晶片剝離,進行半導體晶片5的拾取。拾取方法沒有特別限制,例如,可以列舉用針從帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜10一側將各個半導體晶片5上推,藉由拾取裝置拾取被上推的半導體晶片5的方法等。
在此,由於黏合劑層2為紫外線固化型,因此拾取在對該黏合劑層2照射紫外線後進行。由此,黏合劑層2對膠黏劑層3的黏合力下降,半導體晶片5的剝離變得容易。結果,可以在不損傷半導體晶片5的情況下進行拾取。紫外線照射時的照射強度、照射時間等條件沒有特別限制,可以根據需要適當設定。另外,作為用於紫外線照射的光源,可以使用前述的光源。
然後,如圖3所示,將切割所形成的半導體晶片 5藉由膠黏劑層3晶片接合到被黏物6上。晶片接合藉由壓接進行。晶片接合的條件沒有特別限制,可以根據需要適當設定。具體而言,例如,可以在晶片接合溫度80℃~160℃、晶片接合壓力5N~15N、晶片接合時間1秒~10秒的範圍內進行。
作為所述基底,可以使用現有公知的基底。另外,作為所述引線框,可以使用Cu引線框、42合金引線框等金屬引線框或者由玻璃環氧、BT(雙馬來醯亞胺-三嗪)、聚醯亞胺等製成的有機基底。但是,本發明不限於這些,也包括在安裝半導體元件並與半導體元件電連接後可以使用的電路板。
接著,藉由將膠黏劑層3進行加熱處理使其熱固化,從而將半導體晶片5與被黏物6膠黏。作為加熱處理條件,較佳溫度在80℃~180℃的範圍內,並且加熱時間在0.1小時~24小時、較佳0.1小時~4小時、更佳為0.1小時~1小時的範圍內。
然後,進行用焊線7將被黏物6的端子部(內部引線)的前端與半導體晶片5上的電極焊盤(未圖示)電性連接的絲焊步驟。作為所述焊線7,可以使用例如金線、鋁線或銅線等。絲焊在溫度為80℃~250℃、較佳為80℃~220℃的範圍內進行。另外,其加熱時間為數秒~數分鐘。接線在加熱至所述溫度範圍內的狀態下,藉由組合使用超聲波的振動能與加壓的壓接能來進行。
在此,熱固化後的膠黏劑層3較佳為在175℃下具有0.01MPa以上的剪切膠黏力,更佳為0.01 MPa~5MPa。藉由使熱固化後的175℃下的剪切膠黏力為0.01MPa以上,可以防止由於絲焊步驟時的超聲波振動或加熱而在膠黏劑層3與半導體晶片5或被黏物6的膠黏面處產生偏移變形。即,半導體元件不會因絲焊時的超聲波振動而移動,由此可以防止絲焊成功率下降。
另外,絲焊步驟也可以在不利用加熱處理使膠黏劑層3熱固化的情況下進行。此時,膠黏劑層3在25℃下對被黏物6的剪切膠黏力較佳為0.2MPa以上,更較佳0.2 MPa~10MPa。藉由使所述剪切膠黏力為0.2MPa以上,即使在不使膠黏劑層3熱固化的情況下進行絲焊步驟,也不會由於該步驟中的超聲波振動或加熱而在膠黏劑層3與半導體晶片5或被黏物6的膠黏面處產生偏移變形。即,半導體元件不會因絲焊時的超聲波振動而移動,由此可以防止絲焊成功率下降。
另外,未固化的膠黏劑層3即使進行絲焊步驟也不會完全熱固化。另外,膠黏劑層3的剪切膠黏力在80℃~250℃的溫度範圍內也需要為0.2MPa以上。這是因為,在該溫度範圍內的剪切膠黏力低於0.2MPa時,半導體元件受到絲焊時的超聲波振動而活動,從而不能進行絲焊,成品率下降。
接著,進行利用密封樹脂8將半導體晶片5密封的密封步驟。本步驟是為了保護搭載在被黏物6上的半導體晶片5和焊線7而進行的。本步驟藉由用模具將密封用樹脂成形來進行。作為密封樹脂8,例如可以使用環氧樹脂。樹脂密封時通常在175℃的加熱溫度下進行60秒~90秒,但是,本發明不限於此,例如也可以在165℃~185℃下進行數分鐘固化。由此,使密封樹脂固化,連同在膠黏劑層3未熱固化的情況下使該膠黏劑層3也熱固化。即,本發明中,即使在不進行後述的後固化步驟的情況下,在本步驟中也可以使膠黏劑層3熱固化而進行膠黏,從而可以有助於減少製造步驟數以及縮短半導體裝置的製造時間。
所述後固化步驟中,使在所述密封步驟中固化不充分的密封樹脂8完全固化。即使在密封步驟中膠黏劑層3未熱固化的情況下,在本步驟中也可以在密封樹脂8固化的同時使膠黏劑層3熱固化從而進行膠黏固定。本步驟中的加熱溫度根據密封樹脂的種類而不同,例如在165℃~185℃的範圍內,加熱時間為約0.5小時~8小時。
另外,本發明的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜如圖4所示也可以適用於將多個半導體晶片積層而進行三維封裝的情況。圖4是表示藉由膠黏劑層三維封裝半導體晶片的例子的示意剖面圖。圖4所示的三維封裝的情況下,首先將切割為與半導體晶片同樣尺寸的至少一 個膠黏劑層3黏貼到被黏物6上,然後藉由膠黏劑層3以半導體晶片5的絲焊面為上側的方式將半導體晶片5晶片接合。然後,避開半導體晶片5的電極焊盤部分黏貼膠黏劑層13。進而,在膠黏劑層13上以半導體晶片15的絲焊面為上側的方式將另一半導體晶片15晶片接合。之後,藉由對膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層13進行加熱使其熱固化而膠黏固定,提高耐熱強度。加熱條件與前述同樣,較佳溫度在80℃~200℃的範圍內、並且加熱時間在0.1小時~24小時的範圍內。
另外,本發明中,也可以不使膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層13熱固化而僅進行晶片接合。之後,不經加熱步驟而進行絲焊步驟,再用密封樹脂將半導體晶片密封,該密封樹脂也可以進行後固化。
然後,進行絲焊步驟。由此,將半導體晶片5和另一個半導體晶片15各自的電極焊盤與被黏物6用焊線7電性連接。另外,本步驟不經膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層13的加熱步驟而實施。
接著,進行利用密封樹脂8將半導體晶片5等密封的密封步驟,使密封樹脂固化。同時,在未進行熱固化的情況下,藉由膠黏劑層3的熱固化將被黏物6與半導體晶片5之間膠黏固定。另外,藉由膠黏劑層13的熱固化將半導體晶片5與另一半導體晶片15之間也膠黏固定。另外,密封步驟後,可以進行後固化步驟。
即使在半導體晶片的三維封裝的情況下,由於不進行膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層13的加熱處理,因此可以簡化製造步驟和提高成品率。另外,被黏物6不產生翹曲,並且半導體晶片5及另一半導體晶片15不產生裂紋,因此可以實現半導體元件的進一步薄型化。
另外,如圖5所示,可以在半導體晶片間藉由膠黏薄膜積層墊片來進行三維封裝。圖5是表示藉由墊片利用膠黏劑層將兩個半導體晶片三維封裝的例子的示意剖面圖。
圖5所示的三維封裝的情況下,首先在被黏物6上依次積層膠黏劑層3(3a)、半導體晶片5及膠黏劑層21並進行晶片接合。進而,在膠黏劑層21上依次積層墊片9、膠黏劑層21、膠黏劑層3及半導體晶片5並進行晶片接合。之後,藉由將膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層21加熱使其熱固化而進行膠黏固定,提高耐熱強度。作為加熱條件,與前述同樣,較佳溫度在80℃~200℃的範圍內、並且加熱時間在0.1小時~24小時的範圍內。
另外,本發明中,可以不使膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層21熱固化,而僅進行晶片接合。之後,不經加熱步驟而進行絲焊,再利用密封樹脂將半導體晶片密封,該密封樹脂也可以進行後固化。
然後,如圖5所示,進行絲焊步驟。由此,將半導體晶片5上的電極焊盤與被黏物6用焊線7電性連接。另外,本步驟不經膠黏劑層3、21的加熱步驟而 實施。
接著,進行利用密封樹脂8將半導體晶片5密封的密封步驟,使密封樹脂8固化,同時在膠黏劑層3、膠黏劑層21未固化的情況下使其熱固化,由此可以將被黏物6與半導體晶片5之間、以及半導體晶片5與墊片9之間膠黏固定。由此,得到半導體封裝體。密封步驟較佳為僅從半導體晶片5一側單面密封的一次性密封法。密封是為了保護黏合片上黏貼的半導體晶片5而進行的,其代表性方法為使用密封樹脂8在模具中成形。此時,一般使用具有多個腔室的上模和下模構成的模具,同時進行密封步驟。樹脂密封時的加熱溫度較佳例如在170℃~180℃的範圍內。密封步驟後,也可以進行後固化步驟。
另外,作為所述墊片9,沒有特別限制,可以使用例如:矽晶片、聚醯亞胺薄膜等。另外,作為所述墊片也可以使用芯材。作為芯材沒有特別限制,可以使用現有公知的芯材。具體而言,可以使用薄膜(例如聚醯亞胺薄膜、聚酯薄膜、聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜、聚碳酸酯薄膜等)、玻璃纖維或塑膠製不織纖維增強的樹脂基板、鏡面矽晶片、矽基板或玻璃被黏物。
(另一半導體裝置的製造方法)
以下,對本發明的另一方式的半導體裝置的製造方法進行說明。
所述另一半導體裝置的製造方法,可以使用所述帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜製造安裝有倒裝晶片的半導體裝置。具體而言,至少包括以下步驟:在所述帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜上黏貼半導體晶圓的步驟;將所述半導體晶元進行切割的步驟;將切割得到的半導體元件進行拾取的步驟;和將所述半導體元件以倒裝晶片方式貼裝在被黏物上的步驟。
[安裝步驟]
首先,將在帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜上任意設置的隔片適當地剝離,在該膠黏薄膜上黏貼半導體晶片,使其膠黏保持而固定(安裝步驟)。此時,所述膠黏薄膜為未固化狀態(包含半固化狀態)。另外,帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜黏貼在半導體晶片的背面。半導體晶片的背面是指與電路面相反側的面(也稱為非電路面、非電極形成面等)。黏貼方法沒有特別限制,較佳壓接方法。壓接通常是在用壓接輥等擠壓方法一邊擠壓一邊進行。
[切割步驟]
然後,進行半導體晶圓片的切割。由此,將半導體晶片切割為預定的尺寸而單片化(小片化),製造半導體晶片。切割例如從半導體晶片的電路面一側根據常規方法來進行。另外,本步驟中,例如可以採用切入至帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜處的、稱為全切的切割方式等。本步驟中使用的切割裝置沒有特別限制,可以使用現有公知的切割裝置。另外,由於半導體晶圓片藉由具有膠黏薄膜的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜以優良的密合性膠黏固定,因此可以抑制晶片缺損或晶片飛散,同時也可以抑制半導體晶片的破損。另外,膠黏薄膜由含有環氧樹脂的樹脂組合物形成時,即使藉由切割而切斷,也可以抑制或防止在該切斷面上產生膠黏薄膜的膠黏劑層的膠糊冒出。結果,可以抑制或防止切斷面相互再附著(黏阻),從而可以更好地進行後述的拾取。
另外,進行帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜的擴張時,該擴張可以使用現有公知的擴張裝置來進行。擴張裝置具有可以藉由切割環將帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜向下壓的環形(donuts)的外環和直徑比外環小的用於支撐帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜的內環。藉由該擴張步驟,在後述的拾取步驟中,可以防止相鄰的半導體晶片相互接觸而破損。
[拾取步驟]
為了回收膠黏固定在帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜上的半導體晶片,進行半導體晶片的拾取,將半導體晶片與膠黏薄膜一起從切割帶上剝離。拾取的方法沒有特別限制,可以採用現有公知的各種方法。例如,可以列舉用針從帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜的基材一側將各個半導體晶片上推,藉由拾取裝置拾取被上推的半導體晶片的方法等。另外,拾取的半導體晶片的背面由膠黏薄膜保護。
[倒裝晶片黏貼步驟]
拾取的半導體晶片藉由倒裝晶片接合方式(倒裝晶片封裝方式)固定到基底等被黏物上。具體而言,將半導體晶片在半導體晶片的電路面(也稱為表面、電路圖案形成面、電極形成面等)與被黏物相對的狀態下藉由常規方法固定到被黏物上。例如,在使半導體晶片的電路面側形成的凸點(bump)與被黏物的連接焊盤上黏附的接合用導電材料(焊料等)接觸而進行擠壓的同時使導電材料熔融,由此可以確保半導體晶片與被黏物的電導通而將半導體晶片固定到被黏物上(倒裝晶片接合步驟)。此時,半導體晶片與被黏物之間形成空隙,該空隙間距一般為約30μm~300μm。另外,將半導體晶片倒裝晶片接合(倒裝晶片貼裝)到被黏物上以後,清洗半導體晶片與被黏物的相對面和間隙,並在該間隙中填充密封材料(密封樹脂等)進行密封是非常重要的。
作為所述被黏物,可以使用引線框或電路板(配線電路板等)等各種基板。作為這樣的基板的材質,沒有特別限制,可以列舉陶瓷基板、塑膠基板等。作為塑膠基板,可以列舉例如:環氧基板、雙馬來醯亞胺三嗪基板、聚醯亞胺基板等。
在倒裝晶片接合步驟中,作為凸點或導電材料的材質,沒有特別限制,可以列舉例如:錫-鉛系金屬材料、錫-銀系金屬材料、錫-銀-銅系金屬材料、錫-鋅系金屬材料、錫-鋅-鉍系金屬材料等焊料(合金)、金系金屬材料、銅系金屬材料等。
另外,在倒裝晶片接合步驟中,使導電材料熔融,將半導體晶片5的電路面側的凸點與被黏物6表面的導電材料連接,該導電材料熔融時的溫度通常為約260℃(例如250℃~300℃)。本發明的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜,利用環氧樹脂等形成膠黏薄膜,由此可以具有能夠耐受該倒裝晶片接合步驟中的高溫的耐熱性。
本步驟中,較佳進行半導體晶片與被黏物的相對面(電極形成面)和間隙的清洗。作為該清洗中使用的清洗液,沒有特別限制,可以列舉例如:有機清洗液或水性清洗液。本發明的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜中的膠黏薄膜,對清洗液具有耐溶劑性,在這些清洗液中實質上不溶解。因此,如前所述,作為清洗液,可以使用各種清洗液,無需特別的清洗液,可以藉由現有的方法進行清洗。
然後,進行用於將倒裝晶片接合後的半導體晶片與被黏物之間的間隙密封的密封步驟。密封步驟中使用密封樹脂進行。此時的密封條件沒有特別限制,通常藉由在175℃下進行60秒~90秒的加熱來進行密封樹脂的熱固化,但是,本發明不限於此,例如,也可以在165℃~185℃下進行數分鐘後固化。該步驟中的熱處理中,不僅進行密封樹脂的熱固化,而且同時進行膠黏薄膜的熱固化。由此,密封樹脂和膠黏薄膜兩者隨著熱固化的進行發生固化收縮。結果,因密封樹脂的固化收縮而施加在半導體晶片上的應力由於膠黏薄膜的固化收縮可以抵消或緩和。另外,藉由該步驟,可以使膠黏薄膜完全或幾乎完全熱固化,從而可以以優良的密合性黏貼到半導體元件的背面。另外,本發明的膠黏薄膜即使在未固化的狀態下也可以在該密封步驟時與密封材料一起熱固化,因此不必新增加用於使膠黏薄膜熱固化的步驟。
作為所述密封樹脂,只要是具有絕緣性的樹脂(絕緣樹脂)則沒有特別限制,可以從公知的密封樹脂等密封材料中適當選擇使用,更佳為具有彈性的絕緣樹脂。作為密封樹脂,可以列舉例如:包含環氧樹脂的樹脂組合物等。作為環氧樹脂,可以列舉前面所例示的環氧樹脂等。另外,作為包含環氧樹脂的樹脂組合物所形成的密封樹脂,除了環氧樹脂以外,還可以含有環氧樹脂以外的熱固性樹脂(酚醛樹脂等)或熱塑性樹脂等作為樹脂成分。另外,酚醛樹脂也可以作為環氧樹脂的固化劑使用,作為這樣的酚醛樹脂,可以列舉前面例示的酚醛樹脂等。
使用所述帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜製造的半導體裝置(倒裝晶片安裝的半導體裝置),由於在半導體晶片的背面黏貼有膠黏薄膜,因此能夠以優良的可視性實施各種標記。特別是即使標記方法為雷射標記方法,也能夠以優良的對比率實施標記,從而可以良好地辨識藉由雷射標記所施加的各種資訊(文字資訊、圖像資訊等)。另外,進行雷射標記時,可以使用公知的雷射標記裝置。另外,作為雷射器,可以利用氣體雷射器、固體雷射器、液體雷射器等各種雷射器。具體而言,作為氣體雷射器,沒有特別限制,可以使用公知的氣體雷射器,較佳二氧化碳雷射器(CO2 雷射器)、準分子雷射器(ArF雷射器、KrF雷射器、XeCl雷射器、XeF雷射器等)。另外,作為固體雷射器,沒有特別限制,可以使用公知的固體雷射器,較佳YAG雷射器(Nd:YAG雷射器等)、YVO4 雷射器。
(實例)
以下,對本發明的較佳實例進行詳細的例示說明。但是,該實例中記載的材料或調配量等只要沒有特別限定的記載,則本發明的範圍不限於此。另外,“份”表示“重量份”。
(實例1)
<黏合劑層的形成>
在具有冷凝管、氮氣導入管、溫度計和攪拌裝置的反應容器中,加入95份丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯(以下稱為“2EHA”)、5份丙烯酸-2-羥基乙酯(以下稱為“HEA”)和65份甲苯,在氮氣氣流中61℃下進行6小時聚合處理,得到丙烯酸類聚合物A。
然后,在100份丙烯酸類聚合物A中加入3份聚異氰酸酯化合物(商品名coronet L,日本聚氨酯股份有限公司製造),製作黏合劑组成物溶液。
將前述製備的黏合劑組成物溶液塗布於厚度50μm的聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜上,並在80℃加熱交聯3分鐘,形成厚度10μm的黏合劑層。然後,將所得黏合劑層轉印到厚度100μm的聚乙烯薄膜上。
接著,在所述黏合劑層的表面,使用聚矽氧烷噴劑(商品名:KF96SP,信越化學工業股份有限公司製造)散佈聚矽氧烷樹脂進行表面改質。採用使Si-Kα射線強度為0.01kcps的散佈量。由此,製作本實例的切割片。
<帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜的製作>
將環氧樹脂(日本化藥股份有限公司製造,商品名:EPPN501HY)50份、酚醛樹脂(明和化成股份有限公司製造,商品名:MEH7851)50份、丙烯酸類共聚物(Nogawa chemical股份有限公司製造,商品名:Ravital AR31)100份和作為填料的球形二氧化矽(Admatechs股份有限公司製造,商品名:S0-25R,平均粒徑0.5μm)70份溶解於甲基乙基酮中,得到濃度23.6重量%的膠黏劑组成物溶液。
將該膠黏劑組合物溶液塗布到經聚矽氧烷脫模處理後的厚度38μm的聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜構成的脫模處理薄膜(剝離襯墊)上,然後在130℃乾燥2分鐘。由此,形成厚度10μm的膠黏劑層。進而,將膠黏劑層轉印到前述的黏合劑層上,得到本實例的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜。
(實例2)
在本實例中,除了調節對黏合劑層表面進行表面改質時的聚矽氧烷噴劑的散佈量使Si-Kα射線強度為100kcps以外,與所述實例1同樣操作,製作本實例的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜。
(實例3)
在本實施例中,除了在對黏合劑層表面進行表面改質時使用塗布有聚矽氧烷樹脂的薄膜(三菱樹脂股份有限公司製造,商品名:DIAWHEELMRA38)、並將聚矽氧烷樹脂轉印到黏合劑層表面(黏合劑層表面的Si-Kα射線強度為0.9kcps)以外,與所述實例1同樣操作,製作本實例的带有切割片的膠黏薄膜。
(實例4)
在本實例中,除了在對黏合劑層表面進行表面改質時使用塗布有聚矽氧烷樹脂的薄膜(三菱樹脂股份有限公司製造,商品名:DIAWHEELMRF38)、並將聚矽氧烷樹脂轉印到黏合劑層表面(黏合劑層表面的Si-kα射線強度为1.2kcps)以外,以外,與所述實例1同樣操作,製作本實例的带有切割片的膠黏薄膜。
(實例5)
在本實例中,除了在對黏合劑層表面進行表面改質时在黏合劑層表面塗布聚矽氧烷分散体(Dow Corning Toray Co.,Ltd製造,商品名:SD7226)並且在70℃乾燥5分鐘後而對黏合劑層表面進行表面改質(黏合劑層表面的Si-Kα射線強度為85kcps)以外,與所述實例1同樣操作,製作本實例的带有切割片的膠黏薄膜。
(比較例1)
在本比較例中,除了調節對黏合劑層表面進行表面改質時的聚矽氧烷噴劑的散佈量使Si-Kα射線強度為0.001kcps以外,與所述實例1同樣操作,製作本比較例的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜。
(比較例2)
在本比較例中,除了調節對黏合劑層表面進行表面改質時的聚矽氧烷噴劑的散佈量使Si-Kα射線強度為0.005kcps以外,與所述實例1同樣操作,製作本比較例的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜。
(比較例3)
在本比較例中,除了調節對黏合劑層表面進行表面改質時的聚矽氧烷噴劑的散佈量使Si-Kα射線強度為200kcps以外,與所述實例1同樣操作,製作本比較例的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜。
(比較例4)
在本比較例中,除了調節對黏合劑層表面進行表面改質時的聚矽氧烷噴劑的散佈量使Si-Kα射線強度為500kcps以外,與所述實例1同樣操作,製作本比較例的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜。
(剝離黏合力評價)
將實例及比較例得到的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜切割為20mm帶寬的長方形,並在膠黏劑層上黏貼膠帶(商品名:BT-315(日東電工股份有限公司製造,20mm寬))。之後,在溫度25℃、相對濕度55%Rh的環境下靜置3分鐘。
接著,以黏合劑層表面與鏡面矽晶片表面所成角度為180°的方式將切割片剝離。此時的剝離速度為300mm/分鐘。結果如下表1所示。
(切割)
使用各實例及比較例的各個帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜,按照以下的要點實際進行半導體晶片的切割,評價各帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜的性能。
對半導體晶片(直徑8英吋、厚度0.6mm)進行背面研磨處理,將厚度0.025mm的鏡面晶片作為工件使用。從帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜上剝離隔片後,在40℃下藉由用輥壓接將鏡面晶片黏貼到該膠黏薄膜上,並進行切割。另外,切割是進行全切而得到10mm見方的晶片尺寸。藉由該切割形成100個半導體晶片,計數其中發生晶片飛散的半導體晶片個數。結果如下表1所示。
<晶片磨削條件>
磨削裝置:DISCO公司製造,DFG-8560
半導體晶片:8英吋直徑(從厚度0.6mm背面磨削至0.025mm)
<黏貼條件>
黏貼裝置:日東精機制MA-3000II
黏貼速度:10mm/分鐘
黏貼壓力:0.15MPa
黏贴时的平台(stage)温度:40℃
<切割條件>
切割裝置:DISCO公司製造,DFD-6361
切割環:2-8-1(DISCO公司製造)
切割速度:30mm/秒
切割刀片:DISCO公司製NBC-ZH226J27HAAA
切割刀片轉速:40000rpm
刀片高度:0.085mm
切割方式:單步切割
晶片晶片尺寸:10.0mm見方
(拾取)
使用各實例及比較例的各個帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜,按照以下的要點實際進行半導體晶片的切割後進行拾取,評價各帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜的性能。
對半導體晶片(直徑8英吋、厚度0.6mm)進行背面研磨處理,將厚度0.025mm的鏡面晶片作為工件使用。從帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜上剝離隔片後,在40℃下藉由用輥壓接將鏡面晶片黏貼到該膠黏薄膜上,並進行切割。另外,切割是進行全切而得到10mm見方的晶片尺寸。
然後,將各帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜拉伸,進行使各晶片間達到預定間隔的擴張步驟。進而,藉由用針從各帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜的基材側上推的方式拾取半導體晶片,進行拾取性評價。具體而言,在後述的條件下連續地拾取100個半導體晶片,計數不能進行拾取的半導體晶片的個數。結果如下表1所示。
<晶片磨削條件>
磨削裝置:DISCO公司製造,DFG-8560
半導體晶片:8英吋直徑(從厚度0.6mm背面磨削至0.025mm)
<黏貼條件>
黏貼裝置:日東精機制MA-3000II
黏貼速度:10mm/分鐘
黏貼壓力:0.15MPa
黏貼時的平臺溫度:40℃
<切割條件>
切割裝置:DISCO公司製造,DFD-6361
切割环:2-8-1(DISCO公司製造)
切割速度:30mm/秒
切割刀片:DISCO公司製NBC-ZH226J27HAAA
切割刀片轉速:30000rpm
刀片高度:0.085mm
切割方式:單步切割
晶片晶片尺寸:10.0mm見方
<擴張條件>
晶片接合機:新川股份有限公司製造,裝置名:SPA-300
外環相對於內環的下拉量:3mm
<拾取條件>
晶片接合裝置:新川股份有限公司製造,裝置名:SPA-300
針根數:9根
針上推量:300μm
針上推速度:5mm/秒
夾頭保持時間:1秒
(結果)
由下表1可以看出,比較例1和比較例2中黏合劑層對膠黏劑層的膠黏性良好,因此可以防止半導體晶片切割時的晶片飛散。但是,黏合劑層的黏合力過強,結果在半導體晶片的拾取時產生拾取不良。另外,比較例3和比較例4中黏合劑層對膠黏劑層的剝離性良好,因此半導體晶片的拾取時全部半導體晶片均可以良好地拾取。但是,黏合劑層的黏合力過弱,結果在半導體晶片的切割時產生晶片飛散。與此相對,在實例1和實例2中,黏合劑層的與膠黏劑層黏貼的面的膠黏性和剝離性的平衡處於良好的狀態,因此可以防止切割時的晶片飛散,並且拾取性也良好。
1...基材
2...黏合劑層
2a、2b...部分
3、13、21...膠黏劑層
3a、3b...部分
4、5、15...半導體晶片
6...被黏物
7...焊線
8...密封樹脂
9...墊片
10、11...帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜
圖1是本發明一個實施方式的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜的示意剖面圖。
圖2是本發明另一實施方式的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜的示意剖面圖。
圖3是表示藉由本發明一個實施方式的膠黏薄膜安裝半導體晶片的例子的示意剖面圖。
圖4是表示藉由所述膠黏薄膜三維封裝半導體晶片的例子的示意剖面圖。
圖5是表示使用所述膠黏薄膜,藉由墊片三維封裝兩個半導體晶片的例子的示意剖面圖。
1...基材
2...黏合劑層
2a、2b...部分
3...膠黏劑層
3a、3b...部分
4...半導體晶片
10...帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜

Claims (8)

  1. 一種帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜,在基材上依序積層有黏合劑層和膠黏劑層,其中,所述黏合劑層中,以對於與所述膠黏劑層的黏貼面的至少一部分區域的Si-Kα射線強度成為0.01kcps~100kcps的方式進行了表面改質。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜,其中,在溫度25℃、相對濕度55%、拉伸速度300mm/分鐘、剝離角度180°的條件下進行剝離時,所述區域對所述膠黏劑層的剝離黏合力為0.01N/20mm~0.2N/20mm。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項或第2項所述的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜,其中,所述區域與所述膠黏劑層的工件黏貼區域對應。
  4. 一種帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜的製造方法,用於製造在基材上依次積層有黏合劑層和膠黏劑層的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜,該方法包括如下步驟:在所述基材上形成所述黏合劑層的步驟,對所述黏合劑層的表面的至少一部分區域進行表面改質使Si-Kα射線強度為0.01kcps~100kcps的步驟,和在所述黏合劑層中的經表面改質後的表面上形成所述膠黏劑層的步驟。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述的帶有切割片的膠 黏薄膜的製造方法,其中,所述黏合劑層的所述黏貼面的表面改質藉由將至少含有聚矽氧烷樹脂的溶液以霧狀散佈來進行。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜的製造方法,其中,所述黏合劑層的所述黏貼面的表面改質藉由將在另一薄膜上塗布聚矽氧烷樹脂而得到的塗層轉印來進行。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜的製造方法,其中,所述黏合劑層的所述黏貼面的表面改質藉由在黏合劑層表面塗布聚矽氧烷分散體並使其乾燥來進行。
  8. 一種半導體裝置,其由如申請專利範圍第1項所述的帶有切割片的膠黏薄膜製造。
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