TW569544B - Method and system for reduction of decoding complexity in a communication system - Google Patents
Method and system for reduction of decoding complexity in a communication system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0057—Block codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/29—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes combining two or more codes or code structures, e.g. product codes, generalised product codes, concatenated codes, inner and outer codes
- H03M13/2906—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes combining two or more codes or code structures, e.g. product codes, generalised product codes, concatenated codes, inner and outer codes using block codes
- H03M13/2909—Product codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/29—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes combining two or more codes or code structures, e.g. product codes, generalised product codes, concatenated codes, inner and outer codes
- H03M13/2906—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes combining two or more codes or code structures, e.g. product codes, generalised product codes, concatenated codes, inner and outer codes using block codes
- H03M13/2927—Decoding strategies
- H03M13/293—Decoding strategies with erasure setting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/29—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes combining two or more codes or code structures, e.g. product codes, generalised product codes, concatenated codes, inner and outer codes
- H03M13/2933—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes combining two or more codes or code structures, e.g. product codes, generalised product codes, concatenated codes, inner and outer codes using a block and a convolutional code
- H03M13/2936—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes combining two or more codes or code structures, e.g. product codes, generalised product codes, concatenated codes, inner and outer codes using a block and a convolutional code comprising an outer Reed-Solomon code and an inner convolutional code
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0041—Arrangements at the transmitter end
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0045—Arrangements at the receiver end
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0064—Concatenated codes
- H04L1/0066—Parallel concatenated codes
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- Probability & Statistics with Applications (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Error Detection And Correction (AREA)
- Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)
- Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)
- Reduction Or Emphasis Of Bandwidth Of Signals (AREA)
- Communication Control (AREA)
Description
569544 A7
發明背景 領域 本盔明係關於通信系統。更尤甚者,本發明 通作萃姑小 $ 41糸關於一種在 σ糸、,死中用於降低解碼複雜度之系統及方法。 背景 余j L系統已發展到能夠使資訊信號自一發源站傳送至一 貝^有所區別之目標站。在透過_通信號通道自發源站傳 =貝汛信號時,資訊信號係首先轉換成一種適用於透過通 ^通迢有效傳輸之格式。資訊信號之轉換,或調變,包含根 據该資訊信號改變載波之參數,其轉換或調變方式使得經 過調變而產生之載波係局限在通信通道頻寬内。於目標站, 原七S訊信號係從透過通信通道所接收之調變載波予以複 製。该複製一般係藉由發源站所用之相反調變過程予以達 成。 調變亦有助於多向近接,亦即透過一共用之通信通道同 時傳送及/或接收許多信號。多向近接通信系統通常包含複 數個用戶單元,該等用戶單元需要持續期間較短之間歇性 服務而非對於相同通信通道之連續存取。在本技藝中已知 有許多種多向近接技術,如分時多向近接(TDMA)、分頻多向 近接(FDMA)、以及調幅多向近接(AM)。另一種多向近接技術 型式為分碼多向近接(CDMA)展頻系統,其符合“用於雙模寬 頻帶展頻蜂巢式系統之TIA/EIA/IS-95行動站台一基地台相容 性標準”,之後係視為IS_95標準。CDMA技術在多向近接通信 系統中之使用係揭露於美國專利案第4,901,307號標題為“使 __ -5- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公釐)
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線 569544 A7 __ B7________ 五、發明説明(2 ) 用人造衛星或地面中繼器之展頻多向近接通信系統”及美 國專利案第5,103,459號標題為“CDMA蜂巢式電話系統中用於 產生波形之系統及方法”中,兩者皆已讓渡予本發明之受讓 人。 一多向近接通信系統可為無線或有線並且可承載聲音及/ 或資料。一同時承載聲音和資料之通信系統實施例係一種 依據IS-95標準之系統,IS-95標準詳述透過通信通道傳送聲音 及資料。一種用於傳送編碼通道訊框尺寸固定之資料之方 法係詳述於美國專利案第5,504,773號,標題為“用於傳送資 料格式之方法及裝置”,該專利案係讓渡予本發明之受讓人 。依據IS-95標準,資料或聲音係劃分成20毫秒寬資料速率高 如14.4 Kbps之編碼通道訊框。同時承載聲音及資料之額外通 信系統實施例包含收錄於一套文件内之.“第三代行動通信 夥伴合作計畫”(3GPP),該套文件包括文件檔號3GTS 25.211、 3G TS 25.212、3GTS 25.213、以及3G TS 25.214 (W-CDMA標準)、或 “用於cdma2000展頻系統之丁R-45.5實體層標準,,(IS-2000標準)。 一唯資料通信系統實施例係一種符合TIA/EIA/IS-856工業 標準之高資料速率(HDR)通信系統,之後係視為is-856標準。 HDR系統係基於一種通信系統,該通信系統係揭露於標題為 “用於高速封包資料傳輸之方法及裝置”,收錄於1997年u 月3曰且壤渡丁本發明受讓人之申請中(c〇_pen(jing)專利案序號 第08/963,386號。1~1〇11通信系統界定一組範圍由38 4此1^至24
Mbps之資料速率,一存取點(ap)可用該組速率將資料送至用 戶站(接取端,AT)。由於AP與基地台相似,與單胞和區段相 -6- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公爱·) 569544 A7 B7
五、發明説明( 關之術語係與聲音系統相關術語相同。 在一多向近接通信系統中,使用者之間的通信係經由一 或多個基地台予以導通。一位於一用戶站之第一使用者藉 由在對於基地台之反向連結上傳送資料連接至一位於第二 用戶站之第二使用者。基地台接收資料並可將資料轉送給 另一基地台。資料係在相同基地台,或其它基地台,之前向 連結上傳送至第二用戶站。前向連結意指由一基地台對一 用戶站之傳輸且反前連結意指由一用戶站對一基地台之傳 輸。同樣地,通信可在一位於一用戶站之第一使用者與一位 於一陸上通訊(landline)台之第二使用者之間導通。一基地台 於一反向連結上自使用者接收資料,並經由一公眾交換電 信網路(PSTN)將該資料轉送至第二使用者。在許多通信系統 中,例如IS-95、W-CDMA、IS-2000,前向連結與反向連結係配 置不同的頻率。 上述無線通信服務係點對點通信服務之實施例。相對地, 廣播服務提供點對多點通信服務。廣播系統之基本模式由 一藉由一或多個中央站台所伺服之使用者廣播網所組成, 孩廣播網傳送具有特定内容,之資訊予使用者,該特定内容 例如新聞、電影、運動事件及之類。每一個廣播網使用者之 用戶站監控一共用廣播前向連結信號。由於中央站台固定 地/夬足内容,故使用者通常無法回向通信。廣播服務通信系 統共用之實施例有電視廣播、無線電廣播及之類。該等通信 系統一般為高度專門用途式通信系統。最近,在無線蜂巢式 電話系統中之進展已利用現存廣播服務基礎架構一主要為 ___ -7- t a a^i?TcNS) Α4^(21〇Χ 297^*) ' --- ^0^544
”子占、条巢式電話系統之趨勢。(如此處所用,用詞“蜂巢 式系統包含同R4 41Ϊ 、、 』哼利用行動電話及PCS頻率之通信系統。) 通4吕系統中@ Μ、 • τ崎點又間所要交換之資訊信號通常係組織 成複數個封包η 、 崎了說明,一封包係一組配置成特定格式之 2疋組,其包含資料(資訊欄)及控制成分。該等控制成分包 σ,例如,循環冗贅核對(CRC)、同位位元、以及其它本行人 士已知〈公制格式。封包接著係依據通信通道架構予以格 式化以付合訊框。經過適當調變於發源端與目標端之間傳 輸之Λ框係受通信通道特性所影響,其中通信通道特性例 Τ信號雜訊比、衰減、時變、以及其它類似特性。該等特性 分別在不同通信通道中影響調變後之信號。因此,調變後之 仏號透過典線通信通道傳輸所需的考量有別於調變後之信 號透過例如同軸電纜或光纜等類似有線通信通道之傳輸。 除了選擇適用於特定通信通道之調變之外,已設計出其它 用於保護資訊之方法。該等方法包含,例如,編號、符號重 複、X錯編排、及其它本行人士已知之方法。然而,這些方 法增加額外資訊。所以,必須於資訊信號傳送可靠度與額外 貝Λ望·之間作出工程折衷。即使有了上述對資訊信號之保 護,通信通道之狀況仍會衰減到目標站無法解碼(清除)某些 封包的地步。在允許通信自目標端至發源端回授之唯資料 通信系統中,一解決方法在於使用目標站所作之自動重傳 要求(ARQ)重新傳送非解碼封包。然而,在某些條件下, 會使通信系統超載。另外,如廣播通信系統相關之說明,該 等用戶未接回基地台。因此,需要其它種資訊保護方法。 -8 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) Α4规格(210X297公釐)
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569544 A7 B7 五、發明説明( 一收錄於2001年8月20日讓渡予本發明受讓人標題為“在廣 播服務通信系統中利用外部解碼器之方法及系統”申請中 之申凊案序號第09/ 933,912號詳述在廣播系統中對外部解碼 器之利用。如申請中之申請案序號第〇9/933,912號所述,所要 予以傳送之貝汛位元串流首先係由一外部解碼器予以編碼 並接著由一内部編碼器予以編碼。如圖丨所示,源於較高層 ,所要予以傳送之資訊位元串流1〇2係送至一傳送緩衝區1〇4 S傳送緩衝區係更為詳細地描繪於圖2中。參照圖2,該等 位7C由左至右一列接著一列地填充(圖1之)傳送緩衝區川4之 系統性部分204⑴。系統性部分2〇4⑴包含k條長度為l之列雇 。參照圖1,一旦(圖2之)系統性部分2〇4⑴填滿,則啟動外部 區塊編碼器106對(圖2之)系統性部分2〇4⑴中之位元進行直行 取向編碼以產生㈣條(圖2之)附加之同位位元列21〇。該直行 取向係對於二元外部碼—行接著-行地予以執行,亦即见叫 。對於非二元碼,亦即m〉卜同一列中細個相鄰之行係視 為一個m位元符號。該等沿著最上方k列之符號係由外 邵編碼器予以讀取以產“摘填充這些行中對應之較低^ 列之m位元符號。 …·νϋ 丨工土俗 π 維门(Keed-Solomon)(R-S)編碼器。回頭參照圖丨,傳送緩衝區刚之内容係接著送至 :實體層⑽。於實體層⑽,該等__由—内部 "(未Γ)予以編碼,該内部編碼器產生編碼後之訊框。内部 編碼器的架構可為本行1+ α 仃人士所熱知《架構。緩衝區之系絲 性列及同位列可在傳 …死 寻运功間予以叉錯組合以降低大量 -9- 569544 A7 B7 五、發明説明( ) 6 / f生歹〗在内邵碼清除總數超過外部碼校正性能時遭到清除之 機會。孩等訊框係進一步依據所選擇之調變架構予以處理, 咸凋夂木構例如cdma2〇〇〇、WCDMA、UMTS、以及其它種本行 人士已知之凋變架構。處理過之訊框係接著透過一通信通 道110予以傳送。 所傳迗芡訊框係於目標站予以接收並送至一實體層112。 於實體層112’該等個別之訊框係經過解調並送至_内部解 碼器(未示)。内部解碼器解碼每一個訊框,且若解碼成功, 則輸出-經過正確解碼之訊框;或者若解碼不成#,則予以 清除。解碼之成功或失敗必須作高精準度判定,該高精準度 判足係藉由例如在外部編碼之後及内_編碼之前於訊框内 包含一長(例如16個位元)循環冗贅核對(CRC)予以達成。取自 解碼後=訊框所包含之C職與_自該等解碼後之訊框之位 讀计算《CRC相比較,若兩CRC完全#目同,則宣告解碼成 功0 右内部解碼器無法解碼訊框,則解碼器宣告清除,並指示 外部區塊解碼器職訊框正在消失。此過程持續直到正確 接收到並轉运至接收緩衝區114同位部分⑽)之同位搁與所 清除之符號性訊框-樣多。接收器停止接收任何剩餘的訊 框且外部解碼器(未示)經由啟動以喊所清除之系統性訊框 。所回復之系統性訊框係送至較高之層。 本行人士熟知解碼/錯誤校正計算複雜度隨著傳送緩衝區 1〇4内列數值之增加而提升。由於解碼/錯誤校正計算複雜户 影響接收端之硬體複雜度以及功率消耗,故本技蔽令存^
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-10- 569544 五 Λ發明説明( 對方法及系統之需要 發明概述 、此處所揭露之具體實施例藉由提供一種使用一外部碼於 複數個緩衝區中之每-個緩衝區内編碼系統性位元之方法 及執行該方法之系統滿足上述需求;多工處理該複數個緩 衝區之内容,並精由一外部踩絶饭今夕 ^ «田外π碼編碼琢多工處理内容以提供 一組訊框。 裝 在另-本發明之觀點中,接收到之訊框組係藉由—内部 解碼器予讀碼;該等正確解碼後之訊框係解多工處理至 複數個緩衝區·’且每—個緩衝區之内容係予以進一步處理: 若-緩衝區之系統性部分已予以正確解碼;則該處理過程 包含將系統性邵分之内容提供至更高層。或者,若決定由外 訂
線 邵解碼器對緩衝區内容之解碼回復系統性部分,則啟動外 部解碼器並將所回復之内容連同正確接收収系統性部分 内容送至更高層。 圖示簡述 圖1描繪先前技藝實體層處理過程; 圖2描繪一傳送緩衝區; 圖3描繪依據本發明具體實施例之實體層處理過程; 詳細發明說明 定義 字詞“實m生”在此係用於意指“作用為-實施例、例子 、或描述’’。任何在此說明為“實例性’,之具體實施例並非 予以必然地推斷為比其它具體實施例更好或更具
569544 A7 Γ_一 —___Β7 五、發明説明1 Ρ ' - 8 述語點對點通信在此係用於意指一種透過一專用通信通 道介於兩用戶站之間的通信。 述語廣播通信或點對多點通信在此係用於意指一種通信 ’其中複數個用戶站同時自一來源接收通信。 述浯封包在此係用於意指一組配置成特定格式之位元, 包έ貝料(資訊欄)及控制成分。該等控制成分包含例如一前 置欄、一品質公制、以及其它種本行人士已知之訊框。品質 公制包含例如一循環冗贅核對(CRC)、一同位位元、以及其 它本行人士已知之訊框。 述語接取網路在此係用於意指一基地台(BS)連集(c〇llecti〇n) 以及一或多個基地台控制器。接取網路於多重用戶站之間 傳輸資料封包。接取網路可予以進一步連接至接取網路外 部之額外網路,如公司内部網路或網際網路,且可於一個存 取端與該等外部網路之間傳輸資料封包。 述語基地台在此係用於意指用戶站與之通信之硬體。單 胞意指硬體或地理涵蓋區,取決於有用到該述語之上下文。 區段係單胞之劃分。由於區段具有單胞之屬性,該等就單胞 而論之技術係可輕易地延伸至區段。 述語用戶站在此係用於意指接取網路與之通信之硬體。 一用戶站可為移動性或定位性。一用戶站可為任何經由一 無線通道或經由一例如使用光纖纜線或同軸纜線之有線通 道通信之資料裝置。一用戶站可進一步為許多種包含但不 局限於PC卡、壓縮式快閃記憶體、外部或内部數據機、或有 線或無線電話之裝置中之任何一種。一正與一基地台建立 __ -12 - I紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 569544 A7
主動式電信通道連接過程之用戶站佴 尸W係%為處於連接設立狀 態。-已與-基地台建立主動式電信通道連接之用戶站係 稱作一王動式用戶站,且係稱為處於一傳輸狀態。 述語實體通道在此係用於意指—種通信接線,其中一信 號就調變特性及編碼係透過該通信接線傳播。 ^ 述語邏輯通道在此係用於意指_種位於基地台或用戶站 之通信協定層内之通信接線。 述語通信通道/連結在此係用於意指依據上下文之實體通 道或邏輯通道。 ^ 述語反向通道/連結在此係用於意指一種通信通道/連結, 其中用戶站係經由該通信通道/連結將信號送至基地台。 前向通道/連結在此係用於意指一種通信通道/連結,其中 一基地台經由該通信通道/連結將信號送至一用戶站。 述語軟交遞在此係用於意指一種介於一用戶站與兩個或 多個區段之間的通信,其中每一個區段屬於一不同之單胞。 反連結通信係由兩區段予以接收,且前連結通信係同時承 載於兩個或多個區段之前向連結上。 述語軟叉遞在此係用於意指一種介於一用戶站與兩個或 多個區段之間的通信,其中每一個區段皆屬於相同之單胞。 反連結係由兩個區段所接收,且前向連結通信係同時承載 於兩個或多個區段之連結中之其中之一條連結上。 述語清除在此係用於意指訊息識別失敗。 述語專用通道在此係用於意指一種由特定於個別用戶站 之資訊所調變之通道。
569544 A7 ____B7__._ 五、發明説明(1〇 ) 述語共用通道在此係用於意指一種由共享於所有用戶站 之間之資訊所調變之通道。 述語實體層在此係專門用於意指通信協定在一發源端與 一目標端之間的部分,該部分的功用在於傳送及接收資料。 實體層對應於國際標準組織模式(Intemation Standards Organization model)中對於開放式系統互連(〇pen System Interconnection)之層1。 述語較高層在此係專門用於意指通信協定於實體層上介 於一發源端與一目標端之間的部分。該等較高層對應於國 際標準組織模式中對於公開式系統互連之層2至7。 說明 根據一本發明之具體實施例,如圖3所示,源於較高層所 要予以傳送之資訊位元率流302係予以解多工處理並送至傳 送緩衝區304(i)。該等位元由左至右一列接著一列地填充傳 送緩衝區304(1)之系統性部分306(1)。系統性部分306(1)包含k 條長度為L之列。在一具體實施例中,緩衝區之長度l與具有 額外資訊(例如有助於内部解碼器之CRC及用於内部編碼器 之尾部位元)之無線欄之長度相符。一旦緩衝區304G)之系統 性部分306(1)充滿,則對剩餘之傳送緩衝區304(2>3〇4(p)重複程 序。一旦傳送緩衝區304(i)之系統性部分306(i)充滿,則啟動外 部區塊編碼器31〇⑴對系統性部分3〇6(i)中之位元進行直行取 向編碼以產生(n-k)條附加之同位位元列3〇8(i)。該直行取向係 對於一元外部碼係一行接著一行地予以執行,亦即m = 1。 對於非—元碼,亦即m > 1,同一列中每m個相鄰之行係視為 一個m位元符號。該等沿著最上方k列之m位元符號係由外部 _____ -14- 本纸張尺度適用中囷國家橾準(CNS) A4規格(21〇x 297公釐) 569544 A7 B7 五、發明説明( 編碼器予以讀取以產生n-k個填充這些行中對應之較低…让列 之m位元符號。 在另一具體實施例中,緩衝區之長度L等於不具有額外資 訊之無線訊框位元數除以外部解碼器碼尺寸m。在該具體實 施例中,第一組m條出自傳送緩衝區3〇4⑴之列係於第一無線 訊框中予以送出,第二組瓜條位元列係於第二無線訊框中予 以送出,直到整個緩衝區傳送完成。一旦傳送緩衝區如4^) 之系統性邵分306(1)填滿,則對剩餘之傳送緩衝區3〇4(2>3〇4(p) 重複#王序。一旦該等傳送緩衝區304⑴之系統性部分3〇6(i)填 滿’則啟動外部區塊編碼器3i〇(i)對系統性部分3〇4(i)中之位 元進行直行取向編碼以產生m(n七)條額外之同位位元列⑴ 。直行取向運作係對二位外部碼一行接著一行地予以執行, 亦即m = 1。對於非二元碼,亦即m〉i,一行中每m條列形成 一 m位元符號。出自該行中最上方k m列之k個符號係由外部 編碼器予以讀取以產生(n_k)個填充與該行中最低m(n_k)列相 對應之m位元符號。 在一具體實施例中,外部編碼器310⑴包含一系統性里德 所羅門(R-S)編碼器。該等傳送緩衝區3〇4⑴之内容係接著予以 送至一多工器312。多工器312經由傳送緩衝區3〇4(l)-304(p)循 環’在一含有一預定位元數之位元區塊已自一先前緩衝區 304(i-l)予以送出之後選擇一接續之傳送緩衝區3〇4⑴。在一具 體實施例中,一區塊中之預定位元數等於L。對策趨向於均 勻地分配由緩衝區3〇4(i)之間之實體通道316之干擾所導致之 '貝料損壞。然而,本行人士瞭解其它多工對策可均等地予以 -15- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 569544 A7 ----------B7 五、發明説明(t ) £用並可予以利用而不脫離本發明之範臂。經過多工處理 〈位元^塊係送至發源端之實體層314。於實體層314,附加 心額外資訊位元(例如CRC核對碼)係加至每一個位元區塊, 且所產生之架構係由一内部編碼器(未示)予以編碼,該内部 編,器產生編碼後之訊框。外部與内部編碼器之架構及; 工器可為例如圖3之架構。該等訊框係進一步依據所選擇之 調變架構予以處理。在一具體實施例中,處理過程係依據仏 2〇〇〇標準予以執行。處理過之訊框係接著透過—通信通道316 予以傳送。 西所傳送之訊框係於目標站(未示)予以接收,並送至位於目 祆站之實體層318。於實體層318,個別之訊框係經過解調變 並迗至一内部解碼器(未示)。在一具體實施例中,内部解碼 备解碼每一個訊框,且若解碼成功,則輸出一經過正確解碼 <訊框;或假使解碼不成功,則宣告清除。解碼之成功或失 敗必須予以高精準度判定。在一具體實施例中,精準度係藉 由在訊框中如上述於外部編碼之後並於内部編碼之前包含 一長(例如16個位元)循環冗贅核對(CRC)予以達成。然而,本 行人士認知可使用其它用於訊框品質指示之機制。得自解 碼後之訊框所包含之CRC係與計算自解碼後之訊框之位元之 CRC相比較,且若這兩個CRCt全相同,則宣告解碼成功。於 實體層足進一步處理依據内部解碼器所判斷之結果繼續進 行。 經過正確解碼後之訊框係送至一解多工器32〇,該解多工 器320利用一與多工處理所用之方法反向之方法分配接收緩 ___ -16- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) Α4規格(210X297公H---- 569544 A7
衝區322(i)中經過正確解碼後之訊框。若所有系統μ訊框皆 對於一特疋接收緩衝區322⑴由内部解碼器予以正確地解碼 d將巧等出自接收緩衝區322⑴系統性部分Μ#⑴之系統性 訊框送至更高層。 若内部解碼器無法解碼該訊框,則解碼器宣告清除,並 示解多工器320該訊框正在消失。解多工器3騎資訊送至電 信耦接至接收緩衝區322(i)之外部區塊解碼器328⑴,其中該 訊框係屬於該接收緩衝區322⑴。過程持續直到接收緩衝區 322⑴之系統性部分324(i)與同位部分326(i)中累積足夠之系統 性訊框及正確接收到之同位訊框,或直到接收緩衝區奶⑴ 填滿。接煮啟動外部解碼器(未示)以回復所清除之系統性訊 框。該等回復後之系統性訊框係送至更高層。 右接收緩衝區322(i)中正確接收到之訊框總數小於k,根據 一具體實施例,外部解碼器因未保證解碼成功而未予以啟 動。正確接收到之系統性訊框連同消失位元之識別係送至 更高層。在另一具體實施例中,接收器使用來自内部解碼器 解碼後之位元(如失敗之CRC核對指示為不可靠之解碼後之 位元)以回復系統性位元。根據一具體實施例,接收器自内 部解碼器解碼孩等不可靠之位元並找到最近似的字碼。在 另一具體實施例中,接收器使用對緩衝區内清除之訊框之 信號品質之量測以選擇信號雜訊比最高充分錯誤地接收到 之訊框用以形成一具有k列之子緩衝區。接收器接著執行位 元反轉(同一時間於一行將值為〇之位元變成值為丨且反之亦 然)並核對位元反轉是否在字碼内。在一具體實施例中,位 ____-17- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 569544 A7
首先對瑕低可靠性位元執行並依可靠度漸增之順 :二執行。一位元之可靠度可依據内部解碼公制予以判 二例如,訊框傳送期間之信號對雜訊及干擾比,如山本公 me_、重新編碼符號錯誤率、重新編碼能量公 未找^*其/本行人士已知之公制、或該等公制之組合。若 未找到子碼’則對所有不可#之龍由所有剩餘料續位 疋反轉。若未找到字碼,則以遞增之位元反轉數持續位元反 雜即-次改變2個位元’接著是3個位元,直到最大位元數、 直到^到字碼或完朗有組合H具ff實施财,出自) 不可*狀CRC在此種情況τ係科核對整個解碼之成功。 該等訊框僅在出自时狀CRC匹配時才送至更高層;否則 ,僅有出自可靠列之位元才送至更高層。 為了改良解碼之可靠度,在另—具體實施例中,解調變及 内部解碼係對多於k個緩衝區内正確接收到之訊框予以執行 。根據又-具體實施例,解調變及内部解碼係對所有緩衝區 =之Λ框予以執行。在此二具體實施例中,外部解碼係以最 高品質於k (或km)列上予以執行。品質可依據内部解碼公制 予以判定,例如訊框傳送期間之信號對雜訊及干擾比,如山 本公制,重新編碼符號錯誤率、重新編碼能量公制、及其它
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本行人士已知之公制,或該等公制之組合。品質公制對品質 估计之使用係詳細揭露於美國專利案第5,751,725號標題為 可又速率通k系統中用於決定接收資料速率之方法及裝 置”以及美國專利案第5,774,496標題為“通信接收器中用於 決定傳送可變速率資料之資料速率之方法及裝置”,以上兩
569544 A7 B7 五、發明説明(15 ) 專利案係讓渡予本發明之受讓人。 本行人士將鑑知傳送緩衝區304之數目係處理中之額外資 訊與潛在資料遺失量之間的一項折衷,接收緩衝區322亦然 。導致更多傳送/接收緩衝區之小k值使處理中之額外資訊增 加。另一方面,導致較少傳送/接收緩衝區之大k值使傳送緩 衝區尺寸增加,這會在傳送緩衝區之内容因清除列超過(n_k) 列而無法回復時去除大資料區塊。大傳送緩衝區尺寸亦提 高目標端之記憶體需求。 本行人士瞭解資訊及信號可用各種不同技術及科技中之 任何一種予以表示。例如,可遍及上述說明予以引用之資料 、指令、命令、資訊、信號、位元、符號、及晶片(chip)可用電 壓、電流、電磁波、磁場或磁粒、光場或光粒、或者任何上 述組給予以表示。 本行人士能夠進一步鑑知連結此處所揭露之具體實施例 之各種描述性邏輯方塊、模組、電路 '以及演算法步驟可予 以貫現成%子硬f豆、電腦軟體、或上述兩者之組合。為了清 楚描述硬體與軟體之間的可交換性,各種描述性元件、方塊 、模組、電路、及步驟一般已如上述就其功能予以說明。功 能要實現成硬體或軟體係取決於整個系統所需之特定應用 及設計限制。本行人士對於每一個特定應用可用各種方式 實現所需的功能,但該實現之判斷不應予以解譯至脫離本 發明之範疇。 連結此處揭露之具體實施例所說明之各種描述性邏輯方 塊、模組、及電路可用通用處理器、數位信號處理器(Dsp广
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線 -19-
569544 A7 B7 五、發明説明(16 ) 特定應用積體電路(ASIC)、可程式場閘陣列(FPGA)或其它可 程式化之邏輯元件、離散閘或電晶體邏輯、離散硬體元件、 或任何設計用以執行此處所述功能之組合予以實現或執行 。一通用處理器可為一微處理器,但就其它選擇而言,處理 器可為任何一種傳統處理器、控制器、微控制器、或狀態機 。一處理器亦可予以實現成計算元件,例如DSP與微控制器 之組合,複數個微處理器、一或多個與DSP核心聯結之微處 理器、或任何其它該種結構之組合。 連結此處所述具體實施例而說明之方法或演算法之步驟 可予以直接體現於硬體中、一由處理器所執行之軟體模組 中、或上述兩者之組合中。軟體模組可存放於RAM記憶體、 快閃記憶體、ROM記憶體、EPROM記憶體、EEPROM記憶體、 暫存器、硬碟、可移動式磁碟、CD-ROM、或本技藝中已知之 任何一種其它儲存媒體形式。一實例性儲存媒體係耦接至 處理器,該處理器可自儲存媒體讀取資訊格式、並將資訊寫 入儲存媒體。在另外一種選擇中,儲存媒體可整合至處理器 。處理器及儲存媒體可置於一 ASIC内。ASIC可歸屬於一使用 者端。在另外一種選擇中,處理器及儲存媒體可個別為一使 用者端内之離散元件。 前述對揭露之具體實施例所作的說明係用於使本行人士 能夠製作或使用本發明。對於這些具體實施例所作的各種 修改即將為本行人士所顯知,且此處所界定之衍生性原理 可應用於其它具體實施例而不致脫離本發明之精神或範疇 。因此,不意欲使本發明局限於此處所示之具體實施例,而 -20- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
裝 訂
線 569544 A7 B7 五、 發明説明(17 ) 是希望使最廣範疇與此處揭露之原理及新穎特徵一致。 一部分本專利文件之揭露包含受制於著作權保護之題材 。著作權擁有者對於本專利文件或專利揭露之任何人所作 之摹寫複製沒有反對意見,因為本專利案陳列於專利暨商 標局之專利檔案或記錄,除此之外,保留所有與著作權相關 之事務。 -21 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
Claims (1)
- 一種用於降低解碼趙雜廢士站Μ、.系統性位元; 多工處理該複數個緩衝區之内容;以及塊碼編碼該複數個緩衝區中之每一個緩衝區内 之系統性位元。 區塊碼編 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該等利用一 碼複數個緩衝區中之每一個緩衝區内之系統性位元包含: 以一里德所羅門碼編碼該複數個緩衝區中之每一個緩 衝區内之系統性位元。 4·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該以一區塊碼編碼複 數個緩衝區中之每一個緩衝區内之系統性位元包含·· 自該等緩衝區中之每一個緩衝區接續地提供一位元區 塊。 π 5. 如申請專利範圍第4項之方法,其中該自該等緩衝區中之 每一個緩衝區接續地提供一位元區塊包含: 提供一位元區塊,該位元區塊包含該複數個緩衝區中 每一個緩衝區之其中一列。 6. 如申請專利範圍第丨項之方法,其中該以一第二碼編碼該 多工處理過之内容用以提供一組訊框包含·· 識別一所要予以編碼之位元區塊;以及 本紙張尺度適用中國國家樣準(CNS) Α4規格(210 X 297公釐) 以一第二碼編碼該位元區塊。 7·如申請專利範圍第6項之方法,其中該識別一所要予以編 碼之位元區塊包含: 識別一接收自一緩衝區之位元區塊。 8· —種降低解碼複雜度之方法,其包含: 藉由一第二解碼器解碼接收到的訊框; 解多工處理正確解碼後之訊框予複數個緩衝區;以及 處理該複數個緩衝區中之每一個緩衝區。 9·如申請專利範圍第8項之方法,其中該解多工處理正確解 碼後之訊框予複數個緩衝區包含·· 識別一屬於一緩衝區之位元區塊;以及. 提供該位元區塊予該緩衝區。 10. 如申請專利範圍第9項之方法,其中該識別一屬於一緩衝 區之位元區塊包含: 識別一位元區塊,該位元區塊包含一由第二解碼器予 以解碼之訊框。 11. 如申請專利範圍第8項之方法,其中該處理複數個緩衝區 中每一個緩衝區之内容包含·· 提供孩複數個緩衝區中每一個緩衝區之系統性部分予 更向層。 α如申請專利範圍第8項之方法,其進一步包含: /若訊框未予正確解碼,則指示一清除予一電信耦接至 緩衝區之解碼器,其中該緩衝區將接收正確解碼後之訊 框0 -23- 本紙張尺度適财® a家簡CNS)域格(嫩挪公董; 六、申請專利範圍 13·如申請專利範圍第12項之 ^ ^共干碌處理複數個绥偷 區中每一個緩衝區之内容包含: 獲数制衝 若系統性部分可予以回復, 1广、由一解碼器解碼該緩 衝區 < 系統性部分;以及 提供該複數個緩衝區中每一個 二 丁母個%衝區又系統性部分 更南層。 14. 一種用於降低解碼複雜度之方法,其包含: 以一第一碼編碼複數個傳送緩衝區中每一個緩衝區之 系統性位元; 多工處理該複數個緩衝區之内容; 以-第二碼編碼該多工處理過之内容以提供—組訊框; 傳送該組訊框; 以一第一解碼器解碼接收到之訊框; 解多工處理正確解碼後之訊框予複數個接收緩衝區; 以及 處理每一個接收緩衝區之内容。 15. 如申請專利範圍第14項之方法,其中該以一第一碼編碼 複數個傳送緩衝區中每一個緩衝區之系統性位元包含: 以一區塊碼編碼複數個緩衝區中每一個緩衝區之系統 性位元。 16. 如申請專利範圍第15項之方法,其中以一區塊碼編碼複 數個緩衝區中每一個緩衝區之系統性位元包含: 以一里德所羅門碼編碼複數個緩衝區中每一個緩衝區 之系統性位元。 -24- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) Α4規格(210 X 297公釐) ^0^54417·如申請專利範圍第14項之方法,其中該多工處理複數個 第一緩衝區之内容包含: 自每一個緩衝區接續提供一位元區塊。 18·如申請專利範圍第17項之方法,其中該自每一個緩衝區 接續提供一位元區塊包含: 提供一位元區塊,該位元區塊包含該傳送緩衝區中之 一列。 19. 如申請專利範圍第14項之方法,其中該以一第二碼編碼 該多工處理過之内容用以提供一組訊框包含·· 識別一所要予以編碼之位元區塊;以及 以'一弟一碼編碼該位元區塊。 20. 如申請專利範圍第19項之方法,其中該識別一所要予以 編碼之位元區塊包含: 將該位元區塊識別成一接收自一緩衝區之位元區塊。 21. 如申請專利範圍第14項之方法,其中該解多工處理正確 解碼後之訊框予複數個接收緩衝區包含: 識別一屬於一緩衝區之位元區塊;以及 提供該位元區塊予該緩衝區。 22·如申請專利範圍第21項之方法,其中該識別一屬於—緩 衝區之位元區塊包含: 將一位元區塊識別成一包含一經由該第二解碼器予以 解碼後之訊框之位元區塊。 23·如申請專利範圍第14項之方法,其中該處理每—個接收 緩衝區之内容包含: -25-本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)將每一個緩衝區之系統性部分提供予更高層。 24·如申請專利範圍第丨4項之方法,其進一步包含: 若訊框未予正確解碼,則指示一清除予_:電信核接至 接收緩衝區之第-解碼器’其中該接收緩衝區將接收正 確解碼後之訊框。 技如申請專利範圍第24項之方法,其中該處理每 區之内容包含: ^ 若系統性部分可予以回復’則以一第一解碼器解碼該 緩衝區之系統性部分;以及 才疋供母一個緩衝區之系統性部分予更高層。 26· —種用於降低解碼複雜度之裝置,其包含: 複數個緩衝區; 複數個編碼器,該複數個編碼器中的每一個編碼器係 电L隸接至遠複數個緩衝區中的每一個緩衝區; 一多工器,其被電信耦接至該複數個緩衝區;以及 一内部編碼器,其被電信耦接至該多工器。 27·如申請專利範圍第26項之裝置,其中該複數個 緩衝區中 的每一個緩衝區係經過建構以: 儲存系統性位元及同位位元。 28. 如帽專利範圍第26項之裝置,其中該複數個編碼器中 的每一個編碼器係經過建構以: 編碼系統性位元用以提供同位位元。 29. 如申凊專利範圍第28項之裝置,其中該複數個編碼器中 的每一個編碼器係經過建構以: -26 - &狀度適_ _準_、規格(肅撕公董)---:—用一區塊碼編碼該等系統性位元。 3〇·如申請專利範圍第26項之裝置,其中該編碼器中的每一 個編碼器係經過建構以·· 用一里德所羅門碼編碼該等系統性位元。 31·如申請專利範圍第26項之裝置,其中該多工器係絲 構以: α 自戎複數個緩衝區中的每一個緩衝區接續提供一位元 區塊予該内部編碼器。 32·如申請專利範圍第31項之裝置,其中該位元區塊包含該 緩衝區中之一列。 33·如申請專利範圍第26項之裝置,其中該内部編碼器係經 過建構以: 識別一所要予以編碼之位元區塊;以及 用一内部碼編碼該位元區塊。 34·如申請專利範圍第33項之裝置,其中該所要予以編碼之 位元區塊包含: 一位元區塊,其係接收自該多工器。 35· —種用於降低解碼複雜度之裝置,其包含·· 一第一解碼器; 一解多工器,其被電信耦接至該第一解碼器; 複數個緩衝區,其被電信耦接至該解多工器;以及 複數個解碼器,其中每一個解碼器皆電信耦接至該複 數個緩衝區中之每一個緩衝區。 36.如申請專利範圍第35項之裝置,其中該第一解碼器係經 -27- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公羡) 圍範利 專請 中 A BCD 過建構以: 解碼一接收到的訊框; 提供一正確解碼過之訊框;以及 右接收到的訊框未予正確解碼,則指示一清除。 申叫專利|巳圍第35項之裝置,其中該解多工器係經 建構以: 識別一屬於一緩衝區之位元區塊;以及 才疋供該位元區塊予該緩衝區。 38. 如申請專利範圍第37項之裝置,其中該屬於一緩衝區之 位元區塊包含·· 一含有一由該第一解碼器予以解碼之訊框之位元區塊。 39. 如切專利範圍第%項之裝置,其中該複數個解碼器中 的每一個解碼器係經過建構以: 、在系統性部分可予以回復時,藉由一外部解碼器解碼 該緩衝區之系統性部分。 4〇·如:請專利範圍第35項之裝置,其中該複數個緩衝區中 的每一個緩衝區係經過建構以: 將系統性部分提供予更高層。 41· 一種用於降低解碼複雜度之裝置,其包含: 複數個傳送緩衝區; 複數個編碼器,其中每一個編碼器皆電信耦接至該複 數個傳送緩衝區中的每一個緩衝區; 一多工器,其被電信耦接至該複數個傳送緩衝區; 一内部編碼器,其被電信耦接至該多工器; -28 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家樣準(CNS) A4規格(2lbX297公釐) 569544 A8 B8 C8 D8 、申請專利範圍 —第一解碼器; 解多工器,其被電信耦接至該第一解碼器; 及 複數個接收緩衝區,其被電信耦接至該解多工器;以 複數個解碼器,其中每一個解碼器皆電信轉接至該複 數個接收緩衝區中的每一個緩衝區。 2·如申π專利範圍第41項之裝置,其中該複數個傳送緩衝 區係經過建構以: 儲存系統性位元及同位位元。 43.如申請專利範圍第41項之裝置,其中該複數個編碼器中 的每一個編碼器皆經過建構以: 編碼系統性位元用以提供同位位元。 ’如申π專利圍第43項之裝置,其中該複數個編碼器中 的每一個編碼器皆經過建構以: 用一區塊碼編碼該等系統性位元。 5·如申胡專利範圍第41項之裝置,其中該複數個編碼器中 的每一個編碼器皆經過建構以: 用一里德所羅門碼編碼該等系統性位元。 46·如申請專利範圍第41項之裝置,其中該多工器係經過建 構以: 自該等傳送緩衝區中的4 一個緩衝區接 區塊予該内部編碼器。 ' ^ 47·如申請專利範„46項之裝置,其中該位元區塊包含該 緩衝區中之一列。 ^ -29- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) Α4規格(210X 297公董) 569544 A8 B8斗8·如申請專利範圍第41項之裝 過建構以: 識別一所要予以編碼之位元區塊;以及 用一内部碼編碼該位元區塊。 49·如申請專利範圍第似項之裝置,其中該所要予以編碼之 位元區塊包含: 一接收自該多工器之位元區塊。 5〇·如申請專利範圍第41項之裝置,其中該第一解碼器❹ 過建構以: & 解碼一接收到的訊框; 提供一正確解碼後之訊框;以及 若接收到的訊框未予正確解碼,則指示一清除。 51. 如申請專利範圍第41項之裝置’其中該解多工器係經 建構以: ^ 識別一屬於一緩衝區之位元區塊;以及 提供該位元區塊予該緩衝區。 52. 如申請專利範圍第51項之裝置,其中該屬於一緩衝區之 位元區塊包含: 一含有由該第一解碼器予以解碼之訊框之位元區塊。 53·如申請專利範圍第41項之裝置,其中該複數個解碼器中 的每一個解碼器皆經過建構以·· 若系統性部分可予以回復,則藉由一外部解碼器解碼 該緩衝區之系統性部分。 54·如中請專利範圍第41項之裝置,其中該複數個緩衝區中 -30 -本紙張尺度通用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公董) 569544 8 8 8 8 A BCD 申請專利範圍 之每一個緩衝區皆經過建構以:將該緩衝區之系統性部分提供至更高層 31 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
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US7649829B2 (en) | 2010-01-19 |
KR100892891B1 (ko) | 2009-04-15 |
BR0213215A (pt) | 2006-05-23 |
CN101848064B (zh) | 2013-08-21 |
ES2402472T3 (es) | 2013-05-06 |
CN101848064A (zh) | 2010-09-29 |
KR20040041687A (ko) | 2004-05-17 |
EP1435134B1 (en) | 2010-06-09 |
EP2242181B1 (en) | 2013-01-30 |
AU2002342013A1 (en) | 2003-04-28 |
CN1602588B (zh) | 2011-05-25 |
JP4274942B2 (ja) | 2009-06-10 |
JP2005532701A (ja) | 2005-10-27 |
ATE470994T1 (de) | 2010-06-15 |
EP2242181A3 (en) | 2010-12-22 |
EP2239856A3 (en) | 2010-12-29 |
WO2003034598A2 (en) | 2003-04-24 |
CN101867448B (zh) | 2012-07-04 |
US8713400B2 (en) | 2014-04-29 |
US20100107041A1 (en) | 2010-04-29 |
CN101867448A (zh) | 2010-10-20 |
CN1602588A (zh) | 2005-03-30 |
WO2003034598A3 (en) | 2003-11-20 |
EP2239856B1 (en) | 2013-03-13 |
US8730999B2 (en) | 2014-05-20 |
US20030072384A1 (en) | 2003-04-17 |
EP2242181A2 (en) | 2010-10-20 |
EP2239856A2 (en) | 2010-10-13 |
DE60236677D1 (de) | 2010-07-22 |
EP1435134A2 (en) | 2004-07-07 |
US20100272124A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
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