TW567627B - Battery separator-pin removal - Google Patents

Battery separator-pin removal Download PDF

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Publication number
TW567627B
TW567627B TW091118015A TW91118015A TW567627B TW 567627 B TW567627 B TW 567627B TW 091118015 A TW091118015 A TW 091118015A TW 91118015 A TW91118015 A TW 91118015A TW 567627 B TW567627 B TW 567627B
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Taiwan
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polypropylene
item
film
patent application
scope
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TW091118015A
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Robert A Nark
Ronald W Call
Donald K Simmons
Mark W Ferebee
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Celgard Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/403—Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/403—Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
    • H01M50/406—Moulding; Embossing; Cutting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/411—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/411—Organic material
    • H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
    • H01M50/417—Polyolefins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/457—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
    • H01M50/491—Porosity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
    • H01M50/494—Tensile strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M6/06—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid
    • H01M6/10—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid with wound or folded electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

567627 Ο) 玫、發明說明 (發明說明應敘明：發明所屬之技術領域、先前技術、内容、實施方式及圖式簡單說明) 發明之領域 本發明指導一種有改良拔銷性質的電池隔離膜。 發明之背景 製造高能量，輕質電池（例如二次裡電池），電池組合（即 夾進一隔離帶之一陽極帶與一陰極帶），圍繞一個或多個 銷（或中心或心軸）捲緊。開始捲繞組合時，隔離帶捲在銷 上’然後將陽極與陰極帶送至銷。捲繞完全後移去（或撤 回）銷上之電池組合。若撤回時，組合（即隔離帶）緊黏在 銷上’則組合”喪進"（telesc〇pes)而必須將之捨棄。此等不 合格品增加電池製程的成本。因此電池廠希望隔離帶具改 良拔銷性質，即當撤出電池組合時隔離膜應不緊黏銷上 一 / ¥作數種_试以解決㈤述拔銷問題。19 9 8年4月2 8日刊出 足曰本公開案10· 1 10052内，在一微孔膜内加入織紋以改進 拔銷。其中，含有機樹脂（較佳至少一種樹脂選自含氣樹 脂與珍酮樹脂）的球粒突出膜表面。織紋感表面降低摩擦 阻力。1998年5月26日日本公開案1〇_ 139918中刊佈一種微孔 膜塗復一種潤滑劑改進拔銷。塗復可藉浸塗或輥塗達成。 潤滑劑包括臘類（例如石蠟、微晶石壞、低分子量聚乙·缔 與其他烴臘等）·，脂肪酸酯（例如硬脂酸甲酯，硬脂酸硬脂 醋，硬脂酸一甘油酯脂屬醯胺（例如硬脂醯胺，棕襴酸 醯胺，甲叉二硬脂醯胺），及其組合等。1998年7月28日刊 佈之日本公開案10- 195215内，微孔膜的表面部分比膜中間 部分之聚乙婦對聚丙烯比率較大，有改進拔銷性質。 567627
(3) ，較佳10-60秒。此等膜宜係”關閉膜”，即有能力於電池溫 度因例如内部短路以致開始迅速上升時停止陽極與陰極 間之離子流動。微孔膜可係單層膜或多層膜，如技術上所 週知。較佳多層結構有聚丙烯/聚乙烯/聚丙烯結構 (PP/PE/PP)。較佳單層膜係用聚丙晞製作。膜的外表面部 分（一新造詞指隨意單層或多層膜）較佳為聚丙烯。聚丙晞 宜係一等規聚丙烯均聚物。此項聚丙晞有熔融流指數 (MFI)範圍自1至4，較佳1.2至1.7。此項聚丙晞有密度範圍 自0.90至0,91 g/cm3。較佳此等膜係經，擠壓，退火，拉伸， 法（a/k/a ’乾拉伸’或Celgard®法）製造，但可包括其他技術方 法如’溶劑萃提 *。參閱 John Wiley and Sons，new York City，NY ( 1985 年）版 Kesting，R.著 Synthetic Polymeric Membranes，文内 引用參考。 曾經測定隔離膜之拔銷性質由膜的聚丙烯外表部分含 有硬脂酸金屬鹽而改善，較佳至少50 ppm之硬脂酸金屬鹽 。較佳硬脂酸金屬鹽為硬脂酸鈣。較佳，聚丙烯内硬脂酸 約至少50 ppm，適宜50-3000 ppm，最好在300與600 ppm間。 硬脂酸鈣量藉誘導偶合電漿（ICP)分析測定。低限說明獲 得改善拔銷性質所須的最少硬脂酸金屬鹽量。上限說明硬 脂酸金屬鹽將自隔離膜中溶入電解液内，因而不利地衝擊 電解液之電化學性質變漸大危險前能容忍的最多量硬脂 酸金屬鹽。此等硬脂酸#5能自Witco Corporation，Greenwich， CT以 ’Calcium Stearate Regular’之商標名講得。 本發明將參考以下報告的實例進一步解釋。 567627
(4) 拔銷性用以下手續測量，拔銷力（g)，定量。 用€ /也捲繞機將隔離膜圍繞一銷（或中心或軸心）捲纏 。此销係—片式圓筒軸心有0.16吋直徑與平滑外部表面。 每片有一半圓剖面。將以下討論之隔離膜收留於銷上。隔 離膜上起始力（正切的）為〇·5 kgf，然後將隔離膜以每24秒 i里1 〇吋之速率捲繞。捲繞期間一張力輥啣接捲繞於軸心上 的隔離膜。此張力輥含一 5/8”直徑輥設於隔離膜進料之相 對面 3/4’·氣動圓筒（啣接時）施加一巴空氣壓力，及一 1/4”棒互連輥與圓筒。 隔離膜含二片待試驗的3〇 min (寬）x 1〇”膜。試驗此等隔 離膜中五件，平均其結果，報告平均值。每片以Γ，重複在 捲繞機上叠接於隔離膜進料輥上。自隔離膜之自由端即疊 接袖的末梢在1/2”與7"處作印墨標記。1/2”標記與銷之遠 側對齊（即鄰接張力輥側），隔離膜嚙合在銷片間，張力輥 禮合後開始捲繞。當7"標記離膠凝輥（隔離膜捲繞在銷上） 約1/2’’時於標記處切斷隔離膜，隔離膜的自由端以一塊膠 黏帶（1”寬，1/2"重疊）固定在膠凝輥。自捲繞機中撤出膠 凝輥（即銷連其上所纏之隔離膜。合格的膠凝輥無皺紋亦 不縮短。
置膠凝輥於一抗張強度測試器（即Chatillon Model TCD 500-MS型）有一負荷室（50 lbs χ 0·02 lb ; Chatillon DFGS 50)者 。張力速率為每分鐘2·5吋，負荷室之數據以每秒鐘1〇〇點 的速度記錄。尖峯力報告作拔銷力。 根據ASTM-D726 (Β)測得Gurley。COF (摩擦系數）靜態係 567627
(5) 根據JIS P 8 147名稱”紙張與紙板之摩擦係數測定法”測量。 實例 表1中試樣C1-C2及1-2為單層聚丙晞微孔膜。C1與C2係商 品可得的膜（以往技術，ΡΑ)以CELGARD® 2400名稱銷售。 試樣1與2例證本發明。此等各試樣均於200°C經圓形模具 擠壓，於150°C以6%拉伸退火及伸展，即冷拉伸16-18%， 與熱拉伸並鬆弛至表内所示之量。 表1
Cl(PA) C2(PA) 1 2 樹脂 PP PP PP PP MF1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 總厚度密耳 1 1 1 1 Gurley 10 cc/sec 24 24 24 24 孔率％ 40 40 40 40 總拉伸％ 100 100 100 100 硬脂酸鈣ppm 340 <1 250 1545 拔銷力（g) 6500 7200 6700 6600 平均 COF STATIC 0.36 0.46 0.42 0.36 表2内試樣C3、C4及3為多層（PP/PE/PP)微孔膜。C3與C4 係商品可得產物，分另4為CELGARD® 2300與CELGARD® E162。試樣3例證本發明。所有薄層PP均在224°C圓形模具 内擠壓。全部三層物經退火（125°C )並以11%拉伸結合（133°C ) 。隨後薄膜經於20-25%冷拉伸，及熱拉伸與鬆弛如表2所 列之總拉伸。 •10- 567627 ⑹
表2 C3 (PA) C4(PA) 3 樹脂 PP PP PP MF1 1.2 1.2 1.2 總厚度密耳 1 1 1 PP層厚度密耳 0.36 0.36 0.36 Gurley 10 cc/sec 24 24 24 孔率％ 40 40 40 總拉伸％ 109 109 109 硬脂酸鈣ppm 492 <1 584 拔銷力（g) 6900 7300 6100 平均 COF STATIC 0.56 0.58
表3中試樣C5與4為多層（PP/PE/PP)微孔膜。C5係商品可 得產物（以往技術（PA))，CELGARD® 2320。試樣4例證本發 明。全部薄層PP均在224°C圓形模具内擠壓。所有三層物 皆以11%拉伸經退火（125 °C )並黏合（133 °C )。隨後膜於 20-25%經冷拉與熱伸，按表3所列總拉伸並鬆弛。 -11 - 567627 ⑺ 表3 C5 (PA) 4 樹脂 PP PP MF1 1.2 1.2 總厚度密耳 0.78 0.78 PP層厚度密耳 0.24 0.24 Gurley 10 cc/sec 20 20 孔率％ 43 43 總拉伸％ 122 122 硬脂酸#5 ppm <1 428 拔銷力（g) 8300 6900 平均 COF STATIC 0.41 0.46
本發明可在其他方式下具體化而不脫離其精神與中心 特質，因此，應參考附錄申請專利範圍甚於上述說明書如 發明範圍指示者。
-12-

Claims (1)

  1. 567627 VJOJ 4 Γ 第091118015號申請案 中文申請專利範圍替換本(92年10月)‘ 拾、申請專利範圍 1. 一種自電池組合中拔銷之方法，包括下列步驟： 提供一具有嚙合銷之隔離膜之電池組合，該隔離膜含 一微孔膜，其有一聚丙烯之外表面部分，該聚丙烯含至 少50 ppm硬月旨酸鈣，及 自電池組合中拔銷。 2. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法，其中該硬脂酸鈣範圍 在聚丙烯的50與3000 ppm間。 3. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法，其中該微孔膜另外含 許多微孔穿過，該等微孔平均孔徑範圍自0.05至10微米 ，且該膜Gurley範圍自5至100秒。 4. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法，其中該膜又包含多層 膜，其有聚丙婦-聚乙晞-聚丙締結構。 5. 根據申請專利範圍第4項之方法，其中該膜為關閉隔離 膜。 6. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法，其中該聚丙烯含熔融 流指數1與4間的聚丙烯。 7. 根據申請專利範圍第6項之方法，其中該聚丙烯為熔融 流指數1.2與1.7間的聚丙烯。 8 · —種自電池組合中拔銷之方法，包括下列步驟： 提供一具有唱合銷之隔離膜之電池組合，該隔離膜含 一微孔膜，其有一聚丙晞之外表面部分，該聚丙晞含至 少50 ppm硬脂酸金屬鹽，且該膜具有密耳（25微米）之 O:\79\79892-921013.DOC 567627 厚度及拔銷力S 7100 g，及 自電池組合中拔銷。 9. 根據申請專利範圍第8項之方法，其中該硬脂酸金屬鹽 係硬脂酸鈣。 10. 根據申請專利範圍第9項之方法，其中該硬脂酸鈣範圍 在聚丙烯的50與3000 ppm間。 11. 根據申請專利範圍第9項之方法，其中該硬月旨酸鈣範圍 在聚丙晞的300與600 ppm間。 12. 根據申請專利範圍第8項之方法，其中該微孔膜另含許 多微孔穿過，該等微孔平均孔徑範圍自0.05至10微米， 又該膜Gurley範圍自5至100秒。 13. 根據申請專利範圍第8項之方法，其中該膜另包含一多 層膜，其有聚丙烯-聚乙烯-聚丙婦結構。 14. 根據申請專利範圍第13項之方法，其中該膜係一關閉隔 離膜。 15. 根據申請專利範圍第8項之方法，其中該聚丙烯含熔融 流指數在1與4間的聚丙烯。 16. 根據申請專利範圍第15項之方法，其中該聚丙烯係熔融 流指數在1.2與1.7間的聚丙晞。 17. —種有效改善拔銷性質之電池隔離膜，含： 一微孔膜，其有一聚丙晞表面部分包括至少50 ppm的 硬脂酸金屬鹽。 18. 根據申請專利範圍第17項之電池隔離膜，其中該硬脂酸 金屬鹽係50至3000 ppm範圍的硬脂酸#5。 19. 根據申請專利範圍第17項之電池隔離膜，其中該聚丙烯 O:\79\79892-921013.DOC 567627
    有1與4間的熔融流指數。 20.根據申請專利範圍第1 7項之電池隔離膜，有拔銷力 <7 100 g 〇 O:\79\79892-921013.DOC
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