TW201910315A - 含吡唑啉類或/及苯丙烯酸類化合物之防藍光系統 - Google Patents
含吡唑啉類或/及苯丙烯酸類化合物之防藍光系統 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本發明關於防藍光系統,特徵在於,其中的防藍光劑具有式(I)吡唑啉或/及式(II)苯丙烯酸化合物結構。式(I)或/及式(II)化合物可對短波長藍光作全面吸收,以保護眼睛;也可對長波長的藍光做選擇性的吸收,使得穿透光具有特佳的視覺感受。本發明可應用於例如光學膜、光學鏡片、護目鏡、護膚、照明、塗料、黏合劑、或面板等產品。該等產品具有淺色外觀且穿透光具有絕佳視覺感受。
Description
本發明涉及防藍光系統,包括防藍光組合物及防藍光膜。防藍光膜系由防藍光組合物加工製成,防藍光組合物或防藍光膜包括新穎的防藍光劑,可對短波長藍光作全面吸收,以保護眼睛;也可對長波長的藍光做選擇性的吸收,使得穿透光具有特佳的視覺效果。本發明具色淺與選擇性吸收藍光的特殊優點,可應用於例如光學膜、光學鏡片、護目鏡、護膚、照明、塗料、黏合劑、或面板等領域。
可見光分紅、橙、黃、綠、藍、靛、紫光,紅光波長最長、紫光最短,波長越短、能量越高。藍光可以引發體內自由基Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science(20140731),55(7),pp.4119-4127。3C螢幕散發的藍光,易在昏暗中穿透眼睛,會使睫狀肌痙攣致老花眼,長期會出現黃斑部病變。目前過濾藍光劑主要是染料類與無機螢光粉類化合物,作為防藍光劑缺點包括顏色太深。例如茶色的眼鏡(CN106466925,CAPLUS AN 2017:351046),並不適用於室內。
優良的防藍光劑必須具有1.可以過濾藍光2.本身淺色的兩個基本條件,此外,還需要具有3.可以選擇性吸收藍光的特性。因為無選擇性的吸收全部波段藍光,會造成視覺上不自然的感覺。在高端的應用上,防藍光劑對特定的藍光波段的吸收度,需要隨著波長增加而呈現逐漸的減小,也就是說,較長波長的藍光必需有較大的穿透度。例如光學透鏡,在410nm到450nm波段,所透過的藍光需要具有50%到100%漸增的穿透度。如此,可造成視覺上較佳的感覺。因此,做為防藍光劑的條件是非常嚴峻的,市面上極少有符合1.可以過濾藍光、2.本身淺色、3.可以選擇性吸收藍光,三個特性的防藍光產品。
曾有結構與本發明式(II-1)化合物極為相近的式(II-5)化合物,二甲基(對甲氧基亞苄基)丙二酸酯(商品名Eusorb-1988或Clariant hostavin pr 25),被揭示。
式(II-5)化合物最大吸收峰在314nm,被廣泛應用於UVB(290-320nm)紫外線吸收劑,例如JP 4822129(CAPLUS AN 2008:1039270)。但並無防藍光功效(本發明表1)。已知本發明對位胺基苯丙烯酸乙酯化合物(式II-1),被揭示的最大吸收在380nm以下,例如US2004126700表1,所揭露最大吸收在338-339nm(EC13)。因此,不論OCH3或N(CH3)2取代的對位2-亞苄基丙二酸二甲基酯(式II-1或式II-5化合物),在過去未曾被應用於抗藍光,也不被認為適用於防藍光。
曾有結構與本發明式(II-2)化合物極為相近的式(II-7)化合物,氰基對甲氧基肉桂酸酯,被揭示。(II-7)的最大吸收峰在340nm,被應用於紫外線吸收劑。例如JP09221583(CAPLUS AN 1997:571294)和US4284621(CAPLUS AN 1980:116437)的請求項第1項,都揭示在UVA紫外線吸收應用。已知發明式(II-2)化合物的用途是作為光引發劑,揭示於J.App.Polym.Sci.Photosensitive resins containing p-dimethyl-aminobenzylidene derivatives and diphenyliodonium salt as photoinitiators,1987,34(8),p.2747-56或JP03062163B(CAPLUS AN 1986:79233)。其作用在於引起自由基並產生系列光化學反應。該作用與本發明防藍光劑的保護有機體的作用完全不同,也從未被應用或預測在防藍光功能。
本發明式(I)吡唑啉化合物原系用於印刷電路板的光刻 膠(光阻)中當作光引發劑、或在電荷傳輸材料印刷電路板的不透光加纖樹脂層中當反射作用螢光增白劑(whitening agent)、或在電子照相(electrophotography)領域中當成電荷傳輸(charge transfer)功用、或當作抗菌劑。例如CN102012634A第5頁(或US8198008B2第4欄)揭示化合物(I-1)作為光引發劑、US8361697揭示化合物(I-1)在h-line(405nm)作為高感度光引發劑、JP 63033481(CAPLUS AN 1981:10007)揭示化合物(I-2)、(I-3)作為光引發劑。又如JP3121096(CAPLUS AN 1994:43960)揭示化合物(I-1)在印刷電路板的不透光加纖樹脂中,當成反射作用的螢光增白劑、Ganguang Kexue Yu Guang Huaxue(2000),18(2),160-164(CAPLUS AN 2000:417529)揭示化合物(I-2)、(I-3)的發光性質。再例如US 3837851中揭示化合物(I-2)、(I-3)在電子照相(electrophotography)領域當成電荷傳輸功用。再例如在Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin,46(8),1998,p.1254中揭示(I-2)、(I-3)具抗菌功效。以上的作用與本發明防藍光的過濾與保護功能完全無關,也從未被應用或預測在防藍光功能。
優良的防藍光產品,應具有過濾藍光基本功能和良好的顏色外觀。特佳的防藍光產品,對特定波段的藍光更需具有不同吸收能力,使得透過光呈現較佳藍光的視覺感受。因此,作為優良防藍光劑的條件是相當嚴峻的。
為達此目的,本發明特別設計與篩選防藍光化合物。令人驚訝地,發明人設計出式(I)與式(II)化合物,可應用做為特佳的防藍光劑。本發明並設計出一種單獨使用(I)或式(II)或合併使用(I)或式(II)防藍光劑的防藍光系統。本發明克服了傳統防藍光劑的缺點。例如,克服了傳統深色染料或無機螢光粉防藍光劑所造成產品顏色太深的缺點。又例如,克服了傳統防藍光劑會過度吸收長波長藍光而造成視覺感受不佳的缺點。
本發明防藍光劑系統最基本的設計是單獨使用式(I)或單獨使用式(II)防藍光化合物。因為在約400±20nm,式(I)或式(II)都有最大吸收峰。防藍光化合物也可組合使用,例如是(I-1)、式(I-2)、式(I-3) 三個類似物間的組合,或例如是式(II-1)、式(II-2)兩個類似物間的組合。其優點是,一方面,類似物間具有良好的相容性,另一方面,藉由調整類似物間的比例,可對不同波段的藍光選擇性地吸收,使得穿透的藍光具有較佳的視覺感受。
(I-1)、(I-2)、(I-3)在藍光區最大吸收各約為390nm、380nm、420nm(不同溶劑中略有不同)。以特定比例相混合,可達成不同的過濾藍光功效。(I-1)、(I-2)、(I-3)化合物的結構相近,幾乎可以以任何比例相混合。因此藉由控制(I-1)、(I-2)、(I-3)化合物的比例,可對不同波段的藍光選擇性地吸收,使得穿透的藍光具有較佳視覺感受。同理,本防藍光劑系統也可以是式(II)化合物的組合,例如式(II-1)、式(II-2)化合物的組合。(II-1)、(II-2)的藍光區最大吸收各約為380nm、420nm(不同溶劑中略有不同),藉由控制(II-1)和(II-2)的比例,可對不同波段的藍光選擇性地吸收,使得穿透的藍光具有較佳視覺感受。本防藍光劑系統也可是式(I)與式(II)化合物的組合,例如式(I-1)、式(I-2)、式(I-3)、式(II-1)、式(II-2)化合物之間的組合。(I-1)、式(I-2)、式(I-3)、式(II-1)、式(II-2)化合物在約400±20nm都有最大吸收峰,五者皆可有效去除有害的較短波長藍光。且(I-1)、式(I-2)、式(I-3)、式(II-1)、式(II-2)化合物從410nm到450nm之間的吸收值,都有接近線性的遞減,可使得穿透的藍光具有較佳視覺感受。式(I)與式(II)化合物結構雖不相近,但式(I)與式(II)化合物之間可共用溶劑包括甲苯、丁酮、異丙醇、乙酸乙酯、乙腈等。因此,式(I)與式(II)化合物可以各種比例相混合,達成過濾藍光功效。
本防藍光劑系统可以與其他防紫外線化合物组合使用,達到同时防止紫外光與藍光的功能。例如,二甲基(對甲氧基亚苄基)丙二酸酯(即式II-5化合物,UV吸收最大吸收峰314nm)、2,2'-(1,4-苯二亚甲基)二丙二酸四乙酯(即式II-6化合物,UV吸收最大吸收峰320nm)、和氰基對甲氧基肉桂酸酯(即式II-7化合物,UV吸收的最大吸收峰在340nm)。
UVA(約320-400nm)紫外光可穿透玻璃,是主要室內的紫外光波段。UVB(約290-320nm)紫外光則是太陽輻射對皮膚引起光生物效應的主要紫外光波段。在許多應用中,同時吸收UVA(約320-400nm) 和全波段藍光(約380nm-450nm)是被期待的。同時吸收UVAB(約290-400nm)和全波段藍光(約380nm-450nm)的防UV-藍光系統也是被期待的。410nm-450nm,是較低能量的長波長藍光。從410nm起到450nm間,吸收漸減的防藍光系統是被期待的,因為所造成的穿透光,可呈現較佳的視覺感受。具有吸收UVAB(約290-400nm)且同時具有選擇性吸收藍光(從410nm起到450nm吸收漸減)的防UV-藍光系統,更是被深切期待的。例如(I-1)、式(I-2)、式(I-3)式(II-1)、式(II-2)、式(II-5)、式(II-6)、式(II-7)中一種或多種化合物的特定組合。
本發明化合物:
其中,R1~R3各自獨立地選自H、直鏈或支鏈C1~C6烷基、OR3、和N(R3)2,R4~R6各自獨立地選自H、和直鏈或支鏈C1~C6烷基,R7~R8各自獨立地選自COOR9、CONR10R11、COR12、和CN,R9選自H、直鏈或支鏈的C1~C18烷基、和聚乙二醇基,R10~R12各自獨立地選自H、直鏈或支鏈的C1~C6烷基、和苯基。
較佳的方案,其中R1~R2各自獨立地選自C1~C5烷基、OCH3、和N(CH3)2,R3~R4為H,R5~R6為各自獨立直鏈或支鏈的C1~C4烷基,R7~R8各自獨立地選自COOR9、CONR10R11、COR12、和CN,R9為H或直鏈或支鏈的C1~C18烷基或分子量40~500的聚乙二醇基,R10~R12各自獨立地選自H、直鏈或支鏈的C1~C4烷基、和苯基。
更佳的方案,R1~R2各自獨立選自叔丁基、甲氧基、二甲基胺基,R3~R4為H,R5~R6為各自獨立直鏈或支鏈的C1~C4烷基,R7~R8各自獨立地選自COOR9和CN,R9為直鏈或支鏈的C1~C4烷基或分子量40~350的聚乙二醇基。
特佳的方案,包括(I-1)、式(I-2)、式(I-3)式(II-1)、式(II-2)化合物。
特佳的方案,還包括(I-1)、式(I-2)、式(I-3)式(II-1)、式(II-2)一種或多種化合物的組合。另一個特佳的方案中,包括例如(I-1)、式(I-2)、式(I-3)式(II-1)、式(II-2)、式(II-5)、式(II-6)、式(II-7)一種或多種化合物的組合。其中,式(II-5)、式(II-6)、式(II-7)為防紫外線化合物。
防紫外線化合物可以是二甲基(對甲氧基亞苄基)丙二酸酯(式II-5化合物)、2,2'-(1,4-苯二亞甲基)二丙二酸四乙酯(式II-6化合物)、氰基對甲氧基肉桂酸酯(式II-7化合物)、(2-苯並三唑-2-基)-4,6-雙(1-甲基-1-苯基乙基)苯酚、2,2'-亞甲基雙(4-叔辛基-6-苯並三唑苯酚)、或其他防紫外線化合物。
本發明防式(II)化合物的聚乙二醇和脂肪酯的取代基,在應用上,具有優異的低遷移性和高相容性。且本發明所述的式(II)苯丙 烯酸類化合物,可與各種樹脂、單體或預聚合物反應,達到低遷移性和高相容性的優點。
本發明的防藍光組合物可以選擇加入自由基捕捉劑或抗氧劑或阻聚劑,使不預期的光反應被阻止。此外,調節組合物中的pH質,也可使不預期的光反應被阻止。在防藍光組合物的聚合反應中,選擇適當的波段的引發劑,也可以避免產生不預期的光反應。
如前述,已知的式(I)和式(II)化合物,作為印刷電路板的光刻膠中的光引發劑,其作用在於引起自由基以產生系列光化學反應。其屬於破壞性作用,與本發明防藍光劑濾光的保護功用完全不同。此外,本發明防藍光系統之應用則是濾去藍光,一方面使得穿透的光線不具有對人體具傷害的短波長藍光,另一方面,對短波長藍光以外的可見光線,仍須具有高穿透力。這與印刷電路板中不透光層的加纖樹脂的反射或阻斷光線的作用完全不同。再者,本發明防藍光系統之濾藍光與電荷傳輸功能亦完全不同。
式(I-1)化合物的合成路徑(實施例1):
式(II-1)化合物的合成路徑(實施例4):
本發明防藍光系統,其基本結構包括一或多個防藍光膜層、及/或基底層、及/或離型層。基本上是將防藍光組合物塗布在基底層或離型層後乾燥。或採用轉移塗布工藝,先塗布在離型膜上,再轉移到基底層上。防藍光膜上、下層各貼合一層離型薄膜則是OCA光學膠(Optically Clear Adhesive)。塗布方式是習知技藝,包括傳統刷式塗布、噴霧塗布、簾式塗布、輥式塗布、狹縫式塗布、氣刀塗布、刮刀塗布、計量棒塗布。乾燥方法包括自然乾燥、微波乾燥、紫外線乾燥、紅外線乾燥、熱空氣乾燥。基底層包括聚酯、玻璃、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚醯胺、聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚醋酸乙烯、聚氯乙烯之一種或多種混合。離型膜包括矽氧化合物型和非矽氧化合物材質。非矽氧化合物包括例如聚乙烯、聚丙烯,聚脲、聚丙烯酸、聚酯及氟碳類之一種或多種混合。OCA光學膠按照厚度不同可應用於不同的領域,例如透明器件黏結、顯示器組裝、鏡頭組裝、面板、玻璃或聚碳酸脂等塑膠材料的貼合。防藍光膜還可以包括其它膜層,例如,UV吸收膜層、防霧膜層、抗靜電膜層。防藍光膜可應用於光學或電子產業,例如光學鏡片、護目鏡、鏡頭、顯示器、面板、照明防護。
熱引發防藍光組合物,通常包括防藍光劑、熱引發劑、單體、溶劑、助劑。熱引發劑按照引發劑的使用溫度範圍,分為高溫(100℃以上)引發劑,如烷基過氧化物、烷基過氧化氫化合物、過氧化酯化合物之一種或多種混合。中溫(40~100℃)引發劑,如偶氮化合物、過氧化二醯、過硫酸鹽等。低溫(0~40℃)引發劑,如氧化還原引發體系。熱引發劑按分子結構主要可分為偶氮化合物和過氧化物兩類。常用的偶氮化合物包括偶氮二異丁腈(ABIN)、偶氮二異庚腈(ABVN)、和帶羧基或磺酸基的偶氮化合物。常用的過氧化物包括過氧化苯甲醯(BPO)、過氧化二(2,4-二氯苯甲醯)、過氧化二乙醯、過氧化二辛醯、過氧化二月桂醯、二異丙苯過氧化物(DCP)、二叔丁基過氧化物(DTBP)、過氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯(BPB)、異丙苯過氧化氫(CHP)和叔丁基過氧化氫(TBH)、過氧化二碳酸二異丙酯(IPP)、過氧化二碳酸二異丁酯(IBP)、過氧化二碳酸、甲乙酮過氧化物、環己酮過氧化物、過硫酸鹽和過氧化氫。單體為含有雙鍵或其他活性官能基的小分子化合 物。雙鍵類單體包括丙烯酸類、丙烯酸酯類、甲基丙烯酸類、甲基丙烯酸酯類、羥基丙烯酸酯類、甲基丙烯酸羥基酯類、雙丙酮丙烯醯胺類、乙烯類、苯乙烯類、二烯類、氟乙烯類、氯乙烯類、丙烯腈類、及醋酸乙烯酯類、有機矽丙烯酸酯類、環氧丙烯酸酯類、聚氨酯丙烯酸酯類。丙烯酸或丙烯酸酯類單體,包括丙烯酸酯軟單體、丙烯酸酯硬單體、丙烯酸功能單體、交聯單體。較佳的丙烯酸酯軟單體,例如是丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、丙烯酸異辛酯。較佳的丙烯酸硬單體,例如是丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯。較佳的丙烯酸功能單體,例如是丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸。較佳的交聯單體,例如是丙烯酸羥乙酯、丙烯酸羥丙酯、甲基丙烯酸羥乙酯、甲基丙烯酸羥丙酯、己二酸二醯肼(ADH)。應用於防藍光膜的熱固性樹脂,例如是聚氨酯樹脂、環氧樹脂、酚醛樹脂、聚脲樹脂、不飽和聚酯樹脂、醇酸樹脂。其單體可以是異氰酸酯類、環氧氯丙烷、酚類、醛類、多元醇類、脂肪酸類、多元酸類、酸酐類、多元硫醇類、多元胺類、醇胺類、硫醇胺類。溶劑包括乙腈、丙酮、甲乙酮、丁酮、環己酮、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、甲基異丁酮、甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇、丁醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇、氯乙烯、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、二硫化碳、四氫呋喃、二甲基甲醯胺(DMF)、聚乙二醇甲醚(EGMME)之。聚氨酯是聚酯多元醇或聚醚多元醇和異氰酸酯反應所生成。具體實施方式,例如將多元醇和異氰酸酯、擴鏈劑、和催化劑(例如二甲胺基環己烷)混合,然後注入模具中固化成型。或是異氰酸酯與多元醇先反應形成預聚物,再加入擴鏈劑。環氧樹脂單體是環氧氯丙烷和雙酚A類化合物反應所生成。具體實施方式包括將雙酚A和環氧氯丙烷反應,然後加入硬化劑,例如雙氰胺(Dicy)或己二酸二醯肼(ADH)、及加速劑2-甲基咪唑。醇酸樹脂的單體包括多元醇和脂肪酸。具體實施方式,例如將甘油、間苯二甲酸酐及脂肪酸放入反應釜內,加熱至200-250℃直至所要的黏度及酸價。不飽和聚酯樹脂是具有酯鍵和不飽和雙鍵的線型高分子化合物。單體包括不飽和二元酸和不飽和二元醇,或飽和二元酸和不飽和二元醇。具體實施方式,例如將丙二醇,丁烯二酸酐,及鄰苯二甲酸酐在反應釜中進行縮合聚合反應。所生成不飽和聚酯,加入苯乙烯單體成為 黏液狀樹脂,使用時再加入過氧化環己酮。助劑可包含穩定劑、偶合劑、流平劑、消泡劑、分散劑、溶劑、鏈轉移劑、催化劑、增韌劑、增黏劑、增塑劑、增稠劑、稀釋劑、阻燃劑、阻聚劑、防腐劑、硬化劑、酸鹼調和劑之一種或多種混合。常用鏈轉移劑,例如脂肪族硫醇和十二烷基硫醇。常用穩定劑,例如UV吸收劑、受阻胺、抗氧化劑、抗水解劑、過氧化物捕捉劑、自由基捕捉劑。熱引發防藍光組合物,可包括防藍光劑質量含量為0.01%~20%、引發劑質量含量為0.01~10%、單體或預聚合物或聚合體含量為50~99.98%、助劑質量含量為0~80%。其中防藍光劑質量含量,較佳為0.05%~10%,更佳為0.1%~5%。具體實施方式,例如,將丙烯酸軟單體、丙烯酸硬單體、丙烯酸功能單體、和丙烯酸交聯單體混合,形成單體混合物。將單體混合物、引發劑和溶劑加入反應釜,升溫反應,反應完成後降至室溫,出料,均勻塗在基底層即可。
光引發防藍光組合物,通常包括防藍光劑、聚合單體或/及預聚合物、光引發劑、助劑。光引發劑主要有自由基型光引發劑和陽離子型光引發劑,其中自由基型光引發劑又分為裂解型光引發劑和奪氫型光引發劑。裂解型自由基型光引發劑以芳基烷基酮類化合物為主,包括安息香衍生物、二烷氧基苯乙酮、α-羥烷基苯酮、α-胺烷基苯酮、醯基膦氧化物、酯化肟酮化合物、芳基過氧酯化合物、鹵代甲基芳酮、有機含硫化合物、苯甲醯甲酸酯之一種或多種混合。奪氫型自由基型光引發劑,包括活性胺、二苯甲酮、硫雜蒽酮及其衍生物、蒽醌、活性胺、香豆酮及樟腦醌之一種或多種混合。陽離子型光引發劑,包括重氮鹽、二芳基碘鎓鹽、三芳基硫鎓鹽、烷基硫鎓鹽、鐵芳烴鹽、磺醯氧基酮及三芳基矽氧醚之一種或多種混合。預聚合物,可以是含有官能基並可進一步反應的寡聚物,例如甲基丙烯酸酯低聚物、丙烯酸酯低聚物、環氧丙烯酸酯低聚物、聚氨酯丙烯酸酯低聚物、有機矽丙烯酸酯低聚物、氨基丙烯酸酯低聚物、羧基丙烯酸酯低聚物、磷酸酯類丙烯酸酯低聚物、羥基聚丙烯酸酯低聚物、聚酯丙烯酸酯低聚物、聚醚丙烯酸酯低聚物之一種或多種混合。聚合單體,可以是各種加成或縮合聚合的小分子之一種或多種混合。其中雙鍵類單體包括丙烯酸類、丙烯酸酯類、甲基丙烯酸類、甲基丙烯酸酯類、羥基丙烯酸酯 類、甲基丙烯酸羥基酯類、雙丙酮丙烯醯胺類、乙烯類、苯乙烯類、二烯類、氟乙烯類、氯乙烯類、丙烯腈類、及醋酸乙烯酯類、有機矽丙烯酸酯類、環氧丙烯酸酯類、聚氨酯丙烯酸酯類。丙烯酸或丙烯酸酯類單體,包括丙烯酸酯軟單體、丙烯酸酯硬單體、丙烯酸功能單體、交聯單體。較佳的丙烯酸酯軟單體,例如是丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、丙烯酸異辛酯。較佳的丙烯酸硬單體,例如是丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯。較佳的丙烯酸功能單體,例如是丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸。較佳的交聯單體,例如是丙烯酸羥乙酯、丙烯酸羥丙酯、甲基丙烯酸羥乙酯、甲基丙烯酸羥丙酯、己二酸二醯肼。其中式(I)防藍光劑質量含量0.01%~20%,較佳為0.05%~10%,更佳為0.1%~5%。助劑可包含穩定劑、偶合劑、流平劑、消泡劑、分散劑、溶劑、鏈轉移劑、催化劑、增韌劑、增黏劑、增塑劑、增稠劑、稀釋劑、阻燃劑、阻聚劑、防腐劑、硬化劑、酸鹼調和劑之一種或多種混合。常用助劑包括偶聯劑,例如矽烷偶聯劑。常用助劑包括穩定劑,例如UV吸收劑、受阻胺、抗氧化劑、自由基捕捉劑之一種或多種混合。光引發防藍光組合物包括防藍光劑質量含量為0.01%~20%、引發劑質量含量為0.01~10%、單體及/或預聚合物為5~99.98%、助劑質量含量為0~95%。較佳地,防藍光劑質量含量為0.05%~10%、引發劑質量含量為0.05~5%、單體及/或預聚合物為5~99.9%、助劑質量含量為0~50%。具體實施方式,可將光引發防藍光組合物(例如丙烯酸酯單體、丙烯酸酯預聚體、藍光吸收劑、引發劑Photocure 84的組合)混合,均勻地塗至潔淨的基底層上,然後用UV光固化即得到防藍光膜。
非反應型防藍光組合物,其組成包括防藍光劑、聚合體、溶劑、及/或助劑。其主要是利用塗膜中的溶劑或其它分散介質的揮發,而形成固態的薄膜。聚合體可選自但不限於聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯腈、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯,聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚碳酸酯、聚醯胺、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚合物、聚乙烯醇、丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚合體、熱塑性聚氨酯、聚醯亞胺、纖維素、聚硫化苯、聚氧化二甲苯、聚甲醛、聚碸、聚醚醚酮、聚醯胺-醯亞胺、聚醚醯亞胺、聚醚碸、聚醚醯亞胺之一種 或多種混合。非引發防藍光組合物可包括防藍光劑質量含量為0.01%~20%、聚合體含量為5~99.99%、助劑質量含量為(0~95%)。具體實施方式,以聚苯乙烯為例,將聚苯乙烯塑膠烘乾,然後粉碎成小塊,投入二甲苯/乙酸乙酯混合溶劑中,攪拌至完全溶解。再加入增塑劑(例如鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯)、防藍光劑加熱攪拌,即得到組合物。塗布並乾燥去除溶劑後,得到防藍光膜。聚苯乙烯的增塑劑包括鄰苯二甲酸酯類、雙萜烯、環氧大豆油、環氧大豆油酸辛酯、烷基苯磺酸酯。
本發明防藍光光學鏡片或護目鏡,包括玻璃及高分子材料的鏡片,如聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、尼龍(PA)、TPX(Polymethylpentene)、聚苯乙烯、二甘醇雙烷基碳酸酯樹酯(PEDC)。防藍光劑可按特定的比例添加樹脂中共同成型,藍光劑質量含量0.01%~20%,較佳為0.05%~10%,更佳為0.1%~5%。本發明也可採用含浸工藝,將鏡片浸於含防藍光劑溶液。本發明也可採用薄膜工藝,在鏡片表面形成防藍光膜。本發明也可採用轉移塗布工藝,例如先塗布在離型膜上,再轉移到光學鏡片上。
圖1本發明(I-1)和(II-1)化合物的UV-VIS吸收圖
圖2防藍光膜側面示意圖:其中,1.離型層,2.防藍光層,3.基底層
圖3防藍光OCA光學膠(Optically Clear Adhesive)側面示意圖:其中,1.離型層,2.防藍光層,3.離型層。
以下對本發明的具體實施方式進行說明,但不限於這些實施方式。
實施例1 合成式(I-1)化合物,1-苯基-3-(4-丁基苯乙烯基)-5-(4-叔丁基苯基)吡唑啉
4-叔丁基苯甲醛16.2g及丙酮3.0g,加入新鮮製備甲醇鈉溶液中進行室溫攪拌3小時。水洗乾燥,得到產物雙(2-(4-叔丁基)苯基乙烯基)酮。取7g雙(2-(4-叔丁基)苯基乙烯基)酮和2.2g苯肼,在醋酸中反應4小時。冷卻後,純化產物,得到1-苯基-3-(4-丁基苯乙烯基)-5-(4-叔丁基苯基)吡唑啉,熔點192-197℃。UV-VIS(ETOH.max.)387nm。
實施例2 合成(I-2)化合物,1-苯基-3-(對甲氧基苯乙烯基)-5-(對甲氧基苯基)吡唑啉
同實施例1方法,但以對甲氧基苯甲醛代替4-叔丁基苯甲醛,得到1-苯基-3-(對甲氧基苯乙烯基)-5-(對甲氧基苯基)吡唑啉(I-2)化合物,熔點159℃。UV-VIS(ETOH.max.)381nm。
實施例3 合成式(I-3)化合物,苯基-3-(對甲氧基苯乙烯基)-5-(對二甲基胺基苯基)吡唑啉
同實施例1方法,但以對二甲基胺基苯甲醛代替4-叔丁基苯甲醛,得到苯基-3-(對甲氧基苯乙烯基)-5-(對二甲基胺基苯基)吡唑啉,熔點192℃,UV-VIS(ETOH.max.)419nm。
實施例4 合成(II-1)化合物,二甲基2-(4-(二甲基氨基)亞苄基)丙二酸二甲酯
將15g的4-(二甲基胺基)苯甲醛及14.5g丙二酸二甲酯溶解於二氯甲烷攪拌之,加入分子篩除水並裝置氯化鈣管以防水。加入1ml呱啶和0.6ml醋酸,並加熱回流溫度反應2小時,反應期間補充新鮮分子篩。反應完成後除去溶劑,酸洗、乾燥後得到二甲基2-(4-(二甲基氨基)亞苄基)丙二酸二甲酯(I-1)化合物,熔點87-88℃。UV-VIS(CH3CN max.)384nm。
實施例5 合成(II-2)化合物,2-乙基-2-氰基-3-(4-(二甲氨基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯
同實施例4方法,但以2-氰基乙酸乙酯代替丙二酸二甲酯,,得到2-乙基-2-氰基-3-(4-(二甲氨基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯(II-2)化合物,熔點125-126℃。UV-VIS(CH3CN max.)420nm。
實施例6 合成(II-3)化合物,2-氰基-3-(4-(二甲基氨基)苯基)丙烯酸十八烷基酯式
將24克化合物II-2溶於甲苯中在冷凝分水器中110℃下加熱回流。向甲苯溶液中加入27克硬脂醇和1.5g對甲苯磺酸。HPLC監控反應,反應完成後,通過真空抽濾乾燥得到化合物(II-3)。MS(M/Z:468.4)。
實施例7合成式(II-4)化合物,2-乙基-2-氰基-3-(4-(二甲氨基)苯基)丙烯酸聚醚酯
同實施例6方法,以Methoxypolyethylene glycol 350代替硬脂醇,產物經GPC純化,得到2-乙基-2-氰基-3-(4-(二甲氨基)苯基)丙烯酸聚醚酯式(II-4)化合物。
實施例8-防藍光組合物和防藍光膜
將丙烯酸丁酯150g、甲基丙烯酸甲酯95g、丙烯酸15g、防藍光劑5.8g、過氧化苯甲醯6g、在乙酸乙酯/甲苯溶劑中混合,加入反應釜,升溫至75℃,反應2小時後,緩慢滴加額外的6g過氧化苯甲醯(溶劑中),繼續反應約6小時,監控黏度,反應完成後,降至室溫。塗布於PET膜上,乾燥去除溶劑後,得到防藍光劑的防藍光膜(100μm)。測量藍光波段 400nm穿透度,結果如表1。
實施例9-防藍光劑之組合
表2是式(I)化合物單獨或組合(I-1)、(I-2)、和(I-3)的防藍光的應用。表3是式(II)化合物單獨或組合(II-1)、(II-2)、(II-5)的防藍光的應用。表4是組合(I-1)、(II-1)和(II-5)的防藍光應用。表2~4中“380-400nm吸收”表示對較短波長藍光(較高能量)的吸收。吸收愈大,表示對較短波長藍光的防護效果愈好。表2中“UVA1 & 380nm-450nm吸收”,表示對長波長紫外光UVA1(約340-400nm)和380nm-450nm的藍光都吸收。吸收愈大,表示對長波長紫外光(UVA1)和全波段藍光的防護效果愈好。表3、4中“UVAB & 380nm-450nm吸收”,表示對UVAB(約290-400nm)的紫外光和380nm-450nm全波段的藍光都吸收。吸收愈大,表示對紫外光(UVAB)和全波段藍光的防護效果愈好。表2~4中“410nm-450nm吸收漸減”表示從410nm起到450nm的吸收漸減。所穿透的藍光具有較佳的色彩視覺效果。“-”表示效果不佳,“+”表示效果尚可,“++”表示效果佳,“+++”表示效果很好。
上述實施例不以任何形式限制本發明,本發明各種不同組合,凡等同替換或等效變換所獲得的技術方案,均落在本發明的保護範圍。
Claims (10)
- 一種防藍光系統,包括一或多個防藍光膜層、及/或基底層、及/或離型膜層,其特徵在於,包括式(I)或/及式(II)化合物,
- 根據請求項1所述的防藍光系統,其特徵在於,式(I)和式(II)化合物具有以下結構:
- 根據請求項1所述的防藍光系統,其特徵在於,式(I)化合物和式(II)化合物係各自分開使用。
- 根據請求項1所述的防藍光系統,其特徵在於,式(I)化合物和式(II)化合物係合併使用,其質量比例範圍為1:5~5:1。
- 一種防藍光组合物,係用於製備請求項1-4任一項所述的防藍光系統,其特徵在於,包括請求項1中式(I)或/及式(II)化合物、及聚合單體或聚合物。
- 根據請求項5所述的組合物,其特徵在於,包括式(I)或/及式(II)化合物、引發劑、聚合單體或/及預聚合物。
- 根據請求項5所述的组合物,其特徵在於,聚合單體包括丙烯酸類、丙烯酸酯類、甲基丙烯酸類、甲基丙烯酸酯類、羥基丙烯酸酯類、甲基丙烯酸羥基酯類、乙烯類、苯乙烯類、二烯類、氟乙烯類、氯乙烯類、丙烯腈類、及醋酸乙烯酯類、有機矽丙烯酸酯類、環氧丙烯酸酯類、聚氨酯丙烯酸酯類、環氧乙烷類、異氰酸酯類、多元醇類、多元硫醇類、多元胺類、醇胺類、硫醇胺類化合物之一種或多種混合。
- 根據請求項5所述的组合物,其特徵在於,另包含一種或多種助劑,選自稳定劑、紫外光吸收劑、流平劑、消泡劑、分散劑、鏈轉移劑、偶合劑、催化劑、增韌劑、增黏劑、增塑劑、增稠劑、稀釋劑、阻燃劑、阻聚劑、防腐劑、硬化劑、酸鹼調和劑。
- 根據請求項6所述的組合物,其特徵在於,式(I)或/及式(II)化合物質量含量為0.01%~20%、引發劑質量含量為0.01%~10%、單體或預聚合物或聚合體含量為5~99.98%。
- 請求項1的式(I)或/及(II)化合物在防藍光的用途。
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