TW200307692A - Macrocyclic peptides active against the hepatitis C virus - Google Patents
Macrocyclic peptides active against the hepatitis C virus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW200307692A TW200307692A TW092101813A TW92101813A TW200307692A TW 200307692 A TW200307692 A TW 200307692A TW 092101813 A TW092101813 A TW 092101813A TW 92101813 A TW92101813 A TW 92101813A TW 200307692 A TW200307692 A TW 200307692A
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- Prior art keywords
- hepatitis
- hcv
- compound
- alkyl
- virus
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
- C07K5/12—Cyclic peptides with only normal peptide bonds in the ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
- C07K5/08—Tripeptides
- C07K5/0802—Tripeptides with the first amino acid being neutral
- C07K5/0812—Tripeptides with the first amino acid being neutral and aromatic or cycloaliphatic
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
- C07K5/06—Dipeptides
- C07K5/06139—Dipeptides with the first amino acid being heterocyclic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
- C07K5/08—Tripeptides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
- C07K5/08—Tripeptides
- C07K5/0802—Tripeptides with the first amino acid being neutral
- C07K5/0804—Tripeptides with the first amino acid being neutral and aliphatic
- C07K5/0806—Tripeptides with the first amino acid being neutral and aliphatic the side chain containing 0 or 1 carbon atoms, i.e. Gly, Ala
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
Description
(i) (i) 200307692 玖、發明說明 (發明說明應敘明:發明所屬之技術領域、先前技術、内容、實施方式及圖式簡單說明) 發明範圍 本發明係關於一類化合物,其合成方法,組合物及治療 C型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染的方法。具體地說,本發明提供 新穎肽類似物,含此類似物的醫藥組合物及使用此類似物 治療H C V感染的方法。 發明背景 C型肝炎病毒(HCV)全世界上都是輸血後及社會上獲得 的非-Α非-Β肝炎的主要病因劑。據估計,世界上有超過 二億人受此病毒感染。有高百分比的帶病毒者變成慢性感 染’其中多數發展成慢性肝病,即所謂慢性C型肝炎。而 這一組又成為嚴重肝疾病如肝硬化,肝細胞癌及導至死亡 的肝病的高危險群。 HCV確立病毒抗性的機轉及導致慢性肝病高發生率的 原因現尚不完全明暸。現尚不知HCV如何與病主免疫系統 互動及避開主免疫系統。此外,有關避免HCV感染及疾病 的細胞及體液免疫反應詳情現也尚未確定。據報告,免疫 球蛋白可預防輸血引起的病毒性肝炎,但疾病控制中心 (the Center for Disease Control)現尚未推薦免疫球蛋白治療用 於此目的。有效的保護性免疫反應的缺乏妨礙了疫苗的發
展或適宜的曝露後預防手段,所以近期内希望仍寄託於對 抗病毒的干擾D 各臨床研究的目的在確定能有效地治療受慢性c型奸 炎困擾的病人的HCV感染的醫藥劑。此等研究包括使用α 200307692 (2) 干擾素,單獨使用或與其他抗病毒劑合併使用。此類研究 顯示有當數目的受試驗者對此類治療無反應,也有相當多 、 受試者有不錯的反應,發現大部分在治療完了後復發。 '、 v 直到最近,干擾素(IFN)是臨床上唯一證明對慢性c型肝 炎有利的治療。但其持續反應率仍低,而且干擾素治療也 會引起嚴重的副作用(即視網膜病變,甲狀腺炎,急性胰 臟炎,壓抑),此等副作用降低了接受治療的病人的生活 品質。最近已許可對單獨使用IFN無反應的病人合併使用 鲁 干擾素與病毒唑(ribavirin)。但由IFN所致的副作用並未因 使用此合併治療而減輕。聚乙二醇型的干擾素如 · PEG-Intron®及Pegasys®能明顯地部分指出此等有害的副作 用’但仍未取得治療H C V的供口服的抗病毒藥物。 所以’現在需要發展出治療HCV的克服現有的藥物治療 限制的有效的抗病毒劑。 HCV是黃病毒科有包膜的正鏈RNa病毒。單鏈HCV RNA 基因組的長度約9500個核甞酸,具有編碼約3000個胺基酸 鲁 的單一大多蛋白的開放讀架(〇RF)。於受感染的細胞内, 此多蛋白由細胞及病毒蛋白酶於多位裂解生成結構蛋白 及非結構蛋白(Ns)。於HCV的情形,成熟非結構蛋白 (NS2 ’ NS3,NS4A,NS4B,NS5A 及 NS5B)之增殖是由二 種病毒蛋白酶完成。第一種,現尚未完全明暸其特性,於 NS2-NS3連接處(過去稱NS2/3蛋白酶)裂解;第二種為絲 胺酸蛋白酶,含於NS3(NS3蛋白酶)的N-端區,引發NS3 下流所有順式,於NS3-NS4A列解位,及反式剩餘的 -8 - 200307692
(3) NS4A-NS4B,NS4B-NS5A,NS5A-NS5B位的裂解。NS4A 蛋白質有多種功能,有NS3蛋白酶的輔因子的作用,並可 能有助於NS3膜及其他病毒複製酶成分的定位。NS3蛋白 酶與NS4A之複合形成(complex formation)在所有位的加工 (processing events),增進蛋白水解上似是必需的。NS3蛋白 也展現核甞三磷酸酶及RN A解旋酶活性。N S 5 B是涉及 HCV複製的RNA-依賴性RNA聚合酶。 發展抗病毒劑的一般策略是純化(inactivate)病毒複製所 必需的病毒編碼的酶。 下面是最近幾年所公告的揭示HCV NS3蛋白酶抑制劑 肽類似物的專利申請案,此等HCV NS3蛋白酶抑制劑肽類 似物不同於本發明化合物: GB 2,337,262 ; JP 10298151 ; JP 11126861 ; JP 11292840 ; JP 2001-103993 ; US 6,159,938 ; US 6,187,905 ; WO 97/43310 ; WO 98/17679 ; WO 98/22496 ; WO 98/46597 ; WO 98/46630 ; WO 99/38888 ; WO 99/50230 ; WO 99/64442 ; WO 99/07733 ; WO 99/07734 ; WO 00/09543 ; WO 00/09558 ; WO 00/20400 ; WO 00/59929 ; WO 00/31129 ; WO 01/02424 ; WO 01/07407 ; WO 01/16357 ; WO 01/32691 ; WO 01/40262 ; WO 01/58929 ; WO 01/64678 ; WO 01/74768 ; WO 01/77113 ; WO 01/81325 ; WO 02/08187 ; WO 02/08198 ; WO 02/08244 ; WO 02/08251; WO 02/08256; WO 02/18369; WO 02/60926及WO 02/79234。 本發明化合物的不同處在與其不同的化學構造及其令 人驚奇的特異地抑制HCV NS3蛋白酶,同時對其他絲胺酸 蛋白酶展現明顯的抑制活性。此外,此等化合物在細胞培 200307692
(4) 養中是有活性的,並在活體内具極良好藥物動力學性質。 本發明概述 本發明範圍内包括式I化合物:
其中R1是瘦基或NHS^Ra,·其中RlA是(Ci 8)烷基,(C3 7) 環烷基或{(Cm)烷基-(C3_7)環烷基},其視需要以卣,氰 基’硝基’ 0-((^-6)烷基,醯胺基,胺基或苯基作1至3次 <取代,或R1A* (:6或c10芳基,其視需要以鹵,氰基,硝 基’(Ci-6)烷基,〇-(Cl·6)烷基,醯胺基,胺基或苯基作工至 3次之取代;R2是(C5_6)環烷基及。是環戊基;或其醫藥上 可接受的鹽。 本發明範圍内包括.. 醫樂組合物,其含抗C型肝炎病毒有 效量的式I化合物或其治症L ^ ^ 卜 、療上可接受的鹽,及與其混合的 醫藥上可接受的載劑介質或助劑。 根據本發明一具體實姑乂 貫她例,本發明醫藥組合物尚含干擾 素(聚乙二醇型或非聚乙- 一鲜型的)或病毒唑,或一或多種 抗_HCV劑,或以上諸劑的佐何混合物。 本發明另一重要方而4 t 匕梧藉給予哺乳動物抗c型肝炎 -10. 200307692 (5) 病毒有效量的式1化合物,其治療上可接受的鹽,或上述 組合物,單獨給予或與一或多種千擾素(聚乙二醇型或非 聚乙二醇变)或病毒唑,或一或多種其他抗·Η(::ν劑一起給 予或分別給予以治療c型肝炎病毒感染的方法’ 本發明另一·重要方面包括藉給予哺乳動物抗C型肝炎 病毒有效量的式I化合物’其治療上了接义的鹽,或上述 組合物,單獨給予或與一或多種千擾素(聚乙二醇型或非 聚乙二醇趣)或病毒峻,或一或多種其他抗-HCV劑一起給 予或分別給予以預防C型肝炎病毒感染的方法。 本發明範園還包括式I化合物,如此處所述者,在製成 藥物以治#或預防C型肝炎病毒感染的用途。 較佳具體實施例詳述 定義 如此處所述,下述定義除非另有說明適用於: 在述及各實例時,(R)或(s)用以指示不對稱中心之絕對 構形,此指示是用於整個化合物之說明而非只用於取代基 的說明。 此處“PI,P2及P3”意謂從肽類似物C-端開始延伸至N-端的胺基酸殘基的位置(即P 1是指從C-端開始的1位,P2 是指從C -端開始的2位,依此類推)(見Berger A. & Schechter I., Transactions of the Royal Society London series B257, 249-264 (1970))。 此處所謂“(1R,2S)·乙烯基- ACCA”意謂下式化合物: 4 200307692
⑹ 即,(1R,2S)1-胺基-2-乙烯基環丙基羧酸。 此處所謂“鹵,,一詞意謂鹵素取代基,選自溴,氣,氟或 碘。
此處所謂“(Cb6)烷基,,或“(低)烷基”一詞,不管單獨使用 或與另一取代基共同使用,意謂非環形直鏈或支鏈垸基取 代基,含1至6個碳原子,包括,例如,甲基,乙基,丙基, 丁基,己基,1-甲基乙基,1-甲基丙基,2·甲基丙基及ι,ΐ_ 二甲基乙基。 此處所謂“(Cn)烷基,,一詞,不管單獨使用或與另一取 代基共同使用,意謂非環形直鏈或支鏈烷基取代基,含1 至8個碳原子,包括,例如,甲基,乙基,2,2 -二甲基丁 基’己基,1-甲基乙基,庚基及辛基。 此處所謂“(c3_7)環烷基,,一詞 ................. 取代基一起使用,意謂環烷基取代基,其含3至7個碳 子’包括環丙基,環丁基,環戊基,環己基及環庚基。
此處所謂“{(Cl_6)烷基-(C3-7)環烷基厂,一詞,意謂含3 7個碳原子的環烷基,直接鍵合於含1至6個碳原子的伸 基上;例如環丙基甲基,環戊基乙基,環己基甲基,環 基乙基及環庚基丙基。在反3人是{((:16)烷基气C37)環烷』 時此基團疋經由(C 1 -6)燒基(即伸燒基部分)聯於s 〇 2上 此處所雨0-(Ci_6)烷基” 一詞,不論單獨使用或與其 基團口併使用,意謂-0-(cl_6)烷基,其中烷基之定義如 ^ 。達^、個铁原子。〇JCi-6)烷基包括甲氧基,乙氧基 丙氧基,1-甲基乙氧基,丁氧基及i,卜二甲基乙氧基。 -12- 200307692 ⑺ r^· 一取代基一般稱作第三-丁氧基。
此處所謂“醫藥上可接受的鹽”一詞意謂式I化合物的 鹽,其在正確的醫學判斷範圍内,適用於與人及低等動物 的組織接觸而無毒性,刺激性,過敏反應等,具有合理的 利益/風險比。一般是水溶性或油溶性,或是易分散的, 在其使用上是有效的。此詞包括醫藥上可接受的酸加成鹽 及醫藥上可接受的鹼加成鹽。適宜的鹽的表見於:S. M. Birge et al.,J. Pharm. Sci.,1977,66?頁 1-19,今全文附上供參 考。 “醫藥上可接受的酸加成鹽,,一詞意謂保有生物效果的 及自由態鹼性質的,並且是非生物上或其他方面不需要 的,其是與無機酸如鹽酸,氫溴酸,氫碘酸,硫酸,胺基 磺酸,硝酸,磷酸等,及有機酸如醋酸,三氯醋酸,三氟 醋酸,己二酸,藻酸,抗壞血酸,天冬胺酸,苯磺酸,苯 甲酸,2·乙醯氧基苯甲酸,丁酸,樟腦酸,樟腦磺酸,肉 桂酸,檸檬酸,二葡糖酸,乙燒續酸,穀胺酸,乙醇酸, 甘油基磷酸,半硫酸,庚酸,己酸,甲酸,富馬酸,2-輕基乙院續酸(經乙續酸),乳酸,馬來酸,輕基馬來酸, 蘋果酸,丙二酸,扁桃酸,三甲基苯磺酸,甲烷磺酸,莕 磺酸,菸鹼酸,2-¾:磺酸,草酸,雙羥苯酸,果膠酯酸, 苯基醋酸,3 -苯基丙酸,苦味酸,新戊酸,丙酸,丙酮酸, 水楊酸,硬脂酸,丁二酸,對胺基苯磺酸,酒石酸,對-甲苯橫酸,十一竣燒酸等所成的鹽。 “醫藥上可接受的鹼加成鹽”一詞意謂保有生物效果的 -13 - 200307692 ⑻ Γ^· 及自由態酸性質的,並且是非生物上或其他方面不需要 的,其是與無機鹼如氨或氫氧化物,銨金屬陽離子如鈉, 卸,麵,舞,鍰,鐵,鋅,銅,锃,铭等的碳酸鹽或碳酸 氫鹽所成的鹽。特佳的是銨,鉀,鈉,鈣及鎂鹽。由醫藥 上可接受的有機的無毒的鹼衍生的鹽包括初級,二級及三 級胺,四級胺化合物,經取代的胺,包括天然的經取代的 胺,環形胺及鹼離子交換樹脂,如甲基胺,二甲基胺,三 甲基胺,乙基胺,二乙基胺,三乙基胺,異丙基胺,三丙 基胺,三丁基胺,乙醇胺,二乙醇胺,2-二甲基胺基乙醇, 2-二乙基胺基乙醇,二環己基胺,賴胺酸,精胺酸,組胺 酸,咖啡因,哈胺青黴素,膽鹼,甜菜鹼,伸乙基二胺, 葡糖胺,甲基葡糖胺,可可鹼,嘌呤,六氫吡畊,六氫吡 啶,Ν-乙基六氫吡啶,四甲基銨化合物,四乙基銨化合 物,吡啶,Ν,Ν_二甲基苯胺,Ν·甲基六氫吡啶,Ν -甲基 嗎啉,二環己基胺,二苄基胺,Ν,Ν-二芊基苯乙胺, 1 · ephenamine,Ν,Ν’-二芊基伸乙基二胺,聚胺樹脂等所成 的鹽。特佳的有機無毒性鹼是異丙基胺,二乙基胺,乙醇 胺,三甲基胺,二環己基胺,膽鹼及咖啡因。
此處所謂“抗病毒劑”一詞意謂有效抑制哺乳動物内病 毒生成及/或複製的劑(化合物或生物製劑)。包括干擾哺 乳動物内病毒生成及/或複製機轉的劑。抗病毒劑包括, 例如,病毒峻,金鋼胺,VX-497(merimepodib,Vertex Pharmaceuticals), VX-498 (Vertex Pharmaceuticals), Levovirin, Viramidine, Ceplene (maxamine), XTL-001 及 XTL-002(XTL •14- 200307692 (9)
Biopharmaceuticals) 〇 此處所謂“其他抗_HCV劑” 一詞意謂減少或預防有關C 型肝炎疾病症狀的進行的劑。此類劑可選自:免疫調節 劑,HCV NS3蛋白酶抑制劑或HCV生命週期中另一標的抑 制劑。 此處所謂“免疫調節劑”一詞意謂有效增強哺乳動物免 疫系統反應的劑(化合物或生物製劑)。免疫調節劑包括, 例如,1類干擾素(如α-,冷-,及ω干擾素,T·干擾素, 共有區干擾素及脫唾液酸干擾素(asialo-interferons)),II類干 擾素(如r-干擾素)及聚乙二醇型干擾素。 此處所謂“HCV NS3蛋白酶抑制劑,,一詞意謂有效抑制 哺乳動物HCV NS3蛋白酶的劑(化合物或生物製劑)。HCV NS3 蛋白酶抑制劑包括 W0 99/07733,WO 99/07734,W0 00/09558,W0 00/09543 或 W0 00/59929 及 Vertex/Eli Lilly 預發展候 補確證為VX-950或LY-570310,所述的化合物。 此處所謂“HCV生活週期中另一標的抑制劑”意謂有效 抑制哺乳動物内HCV生成及/或複製的而非抑制HCV NS3 蛋白酶功能的劑(化合物或生物製劑)。此包括干擾寄主或 HCV病毒於哺乳動物内生成及/或HCV複製所需的機轉的 劑。HCV生活週期内另一標的抑制劑包括,例如,抑制選 自解旋酶、HCV NS2/3蛋白酶内源性核糖體進入位點 (IRES)的劑。HCV生活週期内另一標的抑制劑的特定例包 括 JTK_003/002(Japan Tobacco)及ISIS_14803(ISIS Pharmaceuticals)。 此處所謂“HIV抑制劑”一詞意謂有效抑制哺乳動物内 •15- 200307692
(10) ΗIV生成及/或複製的劑(化合物或生物製劑)。此包括干擾 HI V於哺乳動物内生成及/或複製所需的寄主或病毒機轉 的劑,HIV抑制劑包括,例如,核答抑制劑,非核苷抑制 劑,蛋白酶抑制劑,融合抑制劑及整合酶抑制劑。 此處所謂“HAV抑制劑”一詞意謂有效抑制哺乳動物内 H A V生成及/或複製的劑(化合物或生物製劑)。此包括干 擾HAV於哺乳動物内生成及/或複製所需的寄主或病毒機 轉的劑,HAV抑制劑包括A型肝炎疫苗,例如,Havrix® (GlaxoSmithKline),VAQTA® (Merck)及Avaxim® (Aventis Pasteur)。 此處所謂“HBV抑制劑”一詞意謂有效抑制哺乳動物内 HBV生成及/或複製的劑(化合物或生物製劑)。此包括干 擾HBV於哺乳動物内生成及/或複製所需的寄主或病毒機 轉的劑。HB V抑制劑包括,例如,抑制HB V病毒DNA聚合 酶或HBV疫苗的劑。HBV抑制劑的特定例包括Lamivudine (Epivir-HBV®), Adefovir Dipivoxil, Entecavir, FTC(Coviracil®)? DAPD (DXG),L-FMAU (Clevudine®),AM365(Amrad),Ldt(Telbivudine), monoval-LdC(Valtorcitabine)? ACH-126,443 (L-Fd4C) (Achillion), MCC478(Eli Lilly),Racivir (RCV),Fluoro-L及D核苷,Robustaflavone, ICN 2001_3(ICN),Bam 205 (Novelos),XTL-OOl(XTL),Imino-Sugars (Nonyl-DNJ)(Synergy),HepBzyme ;及免疫調節劑產物如:干擾 素 a -2b,HE2000 (Hollis-Eden),Theradigm (Epimmune),EHT899 (Enzo Biochem),Thymosin α· 1 (Zadaxin®),HBV DNA 疫苗 Powder Ject), HBV DNA 疫苗(Jefferon Center),HBV 抗原(OraGen),BayHep B® (Bayer),Nabi-HB® (Nabi)及 Anti_hepatitis B (Cangene);及 HBV疫苗 •16· 200307692
(11) 產物如:Engerix B,Recombivax HB,GenHevac B,Hepacare,Bio-Hep B,TwinRix,Comvax,Hexavac。 此處所謂“I類干擾素”意謂選自都結合於I型受體的干 擾素。此包括天然的及合成的I類干擾素。I類干擾素的例 包括α-,冷·,ω干擾素,T -干擾素,共有區干擾素及脫 唾液酸干擾素。
此處所謂“II類干擾素”意謂選自都結合於II型受體的干 擾素。II類干擾素的例包括7"-干擾素。 本發明醫藥組合物可含一或多種另外的活性劑,選自, 例如,抗病毒劑,免疫調節劑,其他H C V N S 3蛋白酶抑制 劑,HC V生活週期中另一標的抑制劑,HI V抑制劑,HA V 抑制劑及Η B V抑制劑。此類劑的例見以上定義段内所提供 者0 此類劑中較佳的例如下: 抗病毒劑:病毒峻及金鋼胺; 免疫調節劑:I類干擾素,II類干擾素及聚乙二醇型 干擾素; H C V生活週期中另一標的抑制劑,其抑制標的選自: NS3解旋酶’ HCVNS2/3蛋白酶或内部核糖體進入位 點(IRES); ΗIV抑制劑:核楚抑制劑’非核菩抑制劑,蛋白酶抑 制劑,融合抑制劑及整合酶抑制劑;或 Η Β V抑制劑:抑制Η Β V病毒d Ν Α聚合酶的劑,或是 HBV疫苗。 -17- 200307692
(12) 如前所述,可考慮合併治療,其中是將式(丨)化人物, 或其醫藥上可接受的鹽與至少一種另外的劑—起給予,此 另外的劑是選自··抗病毒劑,免疫調節劑,另—種H c v n 3 蛋白酶抑制劑,另一種HCV生活週期内標的抑制劑,hiv 抑制劑,HAV抑制劑及HBV抑制劑。此類劑的例見上定義 段所述。此等另外的劑可與本發明化合物合併製成單—醫 藥劑形。或者是,此等另外的劑可作為多種劑形的一部分 給予病人’例如,使用套件給予。此等另外的劑可於給予 式(1)化合物,或醫藥上可接受的鹽,之前、同時、或之 後給予病人。 此處所謂“治療”一詞意謂給予本發明化合物或組合物 以減輕或排除C型肝炎疾病症狀及/或減少病人病毒載量。 此處所謂“預防”一詞意謂在個體曝露於病毒後但尚未 出現症狀如’及/或在血中檢查出病毒如,給予本發明化 合物或組合物。 較佳具體實施例 較隹是,上述式I化合物,其中R1是羥基或nhso2r1a, 其中RiASd-d烷基,(c3_7)環烷基或{((^_6)烷基-(c3_7) 環烷基},其都是視需要以画,硝基或烷基作1-3 次之取代,或苯基,其是視需要以卣,硝基,(Ci_6)烷基 或0-(Ci-6)烷基作1至3次之取代。 更隹是上述式I化合物,其中R1是羥基或NHS〇2R1A,其 中R1A是甲基,乙基,環丙基,環丁基,環戊基,環丙基 甲基,環己基乙基,CC13,CF3,苯基,2·氟苯基或4 -甲 -18 - 200307692
(13) 基苯基。 最佳是如上界定的式I化合物,其中R1是羥基或 NHS02R1A,其中RiA是甲基,環丙基,cf3或苯基。尤佳 是R1A為環丙基。 R1最佳是羥基。 R2最佳是環戊基。 本發明較佳具體實施例内包括所有表1所列式I化合物。 根據另一具體實施例,本發明組合物可尚含另一抗 H C V劑。抗 H C V劑的例包括α -,/3 ,6 ,r ·或ω -干 擾素’病毒峻及金鋼胺。 根據又一具體實施例,本發明組合物可尚含另一 HCV N S 3蛋白酶抑制劑。 根據又一具體實施例,本發明組合物可尚含HCV生活週 期中其他標的抑制劑,包括,但不限於,解旋酶,Ν $ 2 / 3 蛋白酶或内部核糖體進入位點(IRES)。 本發明醫藥組合物可經口,非經腸或經植入的儲存器終 予。較佳疋經口給予或以注射給予。本發明醫藥組合物了 含任何習用的無毒醫藥載劑,助劑或載體。在某此 、 a W形 下’調配物pH可用醫藥上可接受的酸、鹼或緩衝劑調教 以增強已調配的化合物或其投送形式的安定性。此處所細 非經腸包括皮下,皮内,靜脈内,肌肉内,關節内,、、A # α膜 腔内’胸骨内,鞘膜内及病灶内注射或輸液技術。 此醫藥組合物可以是滅菌注射製劑形式,例如減菌的了 注射的水性或油性懸浮液。此等懸浮液可根據此技蓺 -19- 200307692
(14) 技術用適宜的分散劑或濕潤劑(如吐溫8 〇)及懸浮劑調配。 本發明醫藥組合物可以任何可接受的劑形經口給予,包 括但不限於,膠囊,錠及水性懸浮液與溶液。如係用錠作 經口給予,一般使用的載劑包括乳糖及玉米澱粉。也可加 滑潤劑如硬脂酸鎂。以膠囊形式作經口給予時,可用的稀 釋劑包括乳糖及乾玉米)殿粉。在以水性懸浮液作經口給予 時’是將活性成分與乳化劑或懸浮劑結合。如有必要,可 加某些甘味劑及/或矯味劑及/或增色劑。 供上述碉配物及組合物用的其他適宜的載劑或載體見 於標準醫藥文件,例如 “Remington,s pharmaeeutieal Sciences,,,
The Science and Practice of Pharmacy,19th Ed.,Mack Publishing Company,Easton,Penn·,(1995)。 劑量水平是約每天每公斤體重〇.〇1至約l〇〇毫克之間, 較佳是約每天每公斤體重〇丨至約5 〇毫克此處所述蛋白酶 抑制劑化合物用作單一治療以預防及治療由HCV引起的 疾病。一般是以本發明醫藥組合物每天給予約1至約5次, 或疋以連績輸液給予。此種給予可用作慢性和急性治療。 可與載劑物質合併製成單一劑形的活性成分的量可視要 治療的病主及特定給予方式而變化。典型製劑可含約5% 至約95%活性化合物(重量/重量)。較佳是此種製劑含約 2 〇 %至約8 0 °/〇活性化合物。 精於此技藝者會了解到,可能需較上述劑量為低或高的 劑量。特定病人所需的特定劑量及治療方案可取決於各種 因素,包括所用特定化合物的活性,年齡,體重,一般健 -20- (15) (15)200307692
康情況,性別,飲食,給予時間,由 、、 徘出速度,合用藥物, 感染的嚴重性及感染過程,病人感 4耒的情況及醫生的判 斷。-般而言,治療是以較肽的適度劑量為小的劑量開 始。所以,劑量是從小幅增加直至達適當效果。一般而言, 化合物最需要是以產生抗病毒效果而不產生不良副作用 的濃度給予。 當本發明組合物含式!化合物及—或多種其他治療劑或 預防劑時,此化合物及另外的劑在—劑量内的含量約1〇 土 1 Ο Ο Λ較佳疋早一冶療方案所給予的劑量的約丨〇至 8 0%。 奂此♦化合物或其醫藥上可接受的鹽與醫藥上可接受 的載劑一起調配時,所得組合物可活體内給予哺乳動物, 如人,以抑制HCV NS3蛋白酶或治療或預防HcV病毒感 染。此種治療也可以本發明化合物與其他的劑混合達成, 此等劑包括,但不限於,α -,冷-,占,ω -或7 _干擾素, 病毒峻及金鋼胺;其他HCV NS3蛋白酶抑制劑;其他Hcv 生活週期標的抑制劑,包括但不限於解旋酶,NS2/3蛋白 酶’或内部核糖體進入位點QRES);或其混合物。此等另 外的劑可與本發明化合物製成單一劑形。或者是,此等另 外的劑可作為多劑形的一部分分別給予哺乳動物。 如果醫藥組合物只含本發明化合物作為活性成分,此法 還包括給予該哺乳動物選自免疫調節劑,抗病毒劑,HCV NS3蛋白酶抑制劑,或其他HCV生活週期標的抑制劑如解 旋酶’ N S 2 / 3蛋白酶或I r £ §的劑。此等另外的刻可在給予 -21- 200307692
(16) 本發明組合物之前、同時或之後給予哺乳動物。 此處所述式I化合物也可用作實驗室試劑。本發明化合 物也可用以治療或預防物料的病毒污染,所以減少接觸此 類物料(例如血液,組織,外科器材及衣物,實驗室儀器 及衣物,以及血液收集設備及物料)的實驗室或醫務人員 或病人的病毒感染的危險性。 此處所述式I化合物也可用作研究試劑。式I化合物也可 用作正面對照以完成細胞為基礎的鐘定或活體外或活體 内病毒複製鑑定。 本發明其他詳情以下述實例說明,應了解到此等實例並 非限制後附申請專利範圍。 方法論 一般而言,式I化合物及其中間體是以已知方法用適於 反應物的條件製備。有數種方法揭示於WO 00/09543及WO 00/09558,今一併附上供參考。 下列方案說明用非環形中間體以已知方法製備式6a關 鍵中間體。 -22- 200307692 (17)
方案1
方案1 : 步騾A,C,D :簡言之,PI,P2及P3部分可用揭示於 WO 00/09543及WO 00/09558的已知肽偶合技術键聯。 步騾B :此步騾包括4 -羥基取代基構形的轉換。有數種 方法,其中此種轉換是精於此技藝者所已知的。習用方法 之一例是已知的 Mitsunobu 反應(Mitsunobu Synthesis 1981, -23 - 200307692
(18)
January,1·28; Rano et al· Tet. Lett· 1994, 36, 3779-3792; Krchnak et al· Tet· Lett· 1995, 36, 6193-6196)。 步騾E :大環之生成可經由婦烴置換(metathesis)用Ru-為基礎的催化劑進行,如 Miller,S.J.; Blackwell,H.E.; Grubbs, R.H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996,118,9606-9614(a); Kingsbury,J.S·; Harrity, J.P.A.; Bonitatebus, P.J.; Hoveyda, A.H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121? 791-799 (b) and Huang, J.; Stevens, E.D.; Nolan, S.P.; Petersen, J.L.; J· Am· Chem· Soc. 1999, 121,2674-2678 (c)或如 WO 00/59929 内所述 者。也應了解到,含其他過渡金屬元素的催化劑也可用於 本發明。
C, P〇y3 (a)
Grubbs'催化劑 之後,式6a關键中間體之轉化成本發明式1化合物於如 下實例中詳述。 式I化合物,其中R1是上述NHS02R1A,是用對應的式I 之酸(即R1是幾基)與適宜的式r1AS〇2NH2之續酸胺在有偶 合劑之存在下於標準條件偶合製備。雖則可用一般習用的 偶合劑,但發現TBTU及HATU是實用的。磺醯胺可由市場 購得或可用已知方法製備。 實例 今以非限制性實例詳細說明本發明。其他特定合成或解 -24- 200307692
(19) 析方法見 WO 00/09543 ; WO 00/09558 及 WO 00/59929 及一起申請 案09/368,670,所有此等文件一併附上供參考。 溫度以攝氏度表示。除非另有說明,溶液百分比表現重 量/容積關係,溶液比表現容積/容積關係。核磁共振(NMR) 譜以Bruker 400 MHz分光計記錄;化學化移(5 )以每百萬分 之份報告,除非另有說明是指内氘化的溶劑。所有終化合 物(抑制劑)的NMR譜以DM SO-d6記錄。閃拄色層分析以二 氧化矽膠(Si02)根據Still氏閃色層分析技術進行(W.C. Still et al.,J· Org· Chem·,1978, 43, 2923)。 實例中所用縮寫包括:Boc:第三-丁基氧基羰基[Me3 COC(0)];BSA:牛血清白蛋白;CHAPS:3-[(3-膽醯胺 基丙基)_二甲基按基]·1-丙燒續酸酿;CH2Cl2 = DCM:二氯 甲烷;DEAD :二乙基氮二羧酸酯;DIAD :二異丙基氮二 羧酸酯;DIPEA :二異丙基乙基胺;DMAP :二甲基胺基 吡啶;DMF : Ν,Ν·二甲基甲醯胺;DMSO :二甲基亞颯; (S,S)-Et-DUPHOS Rh (COD)OTf: ( + )-1,2-雙(2S,5S)-2,5· 二乙基膦腺基)苯(細胞辛二烯)羅丁鑌(1)三氟甲烷磺酸 鹽;EtOH :乙醇;EtOAc :醋酸乙酯;ESMS :電噴質譜; HATU: 0_(7_氮雜苯并三唑-1·基)-1,1,3,3_四甲基錁六氟 磷酸鹽;HPLC :高效液體色層分析;MS :質譜;MALDI-TOF : Matrix Assisted Laser Disorption Ionization-Time of Flight; FAB · Fast Atom Bombardment); Me :甲基;MeOH :甲醇;R.T.:室溫(18° 至 22° ); TBTU: 2-(111-苯并三唑-1-基)_1,153,3-四甲基錁四 氟硼酸鹽;TFA :三氟醋酸;THF :四氫呋喃;TLC :薄 -25- 200307692 (20) 層色層分析;Tris/HCl :參(羥基甲基)胺基甲烷鹽酸鹽。 實例1 二肽1 c之合成
將Boc-巍基脯胺酸la(50.0克,216毫莫耳),(1R,2S)_乙 歸基- ACCA鹽酸鹽 lb(42.25 克,238毫莫耳),TBTU (76_36 克’ 23 8毫莫耳)及DIPEA (113毫升,649毫莫耳)於DMF (8 〇〇亳升)内的混合物在氮氣下於室溫攪拌。3 5小時後, 蒸發溶劑,殘餘物用EtOAc萃取。萃取物用鹽酸(1〇%), 飽和碳酸氫鈉及鹽水洗。然後將有機相於硫酸鎂上乾燥, 過濾’蒸發,得油體。於高真空乾燥過夜(1 8小時)乾燥後,
知二肤lc,為黃色泡沫(72·0克,94%,以HPLC測定純度 >95%) 〇 實例2 之合达i
26- 200307692
(21) 將二肽lc (72.0克,203毫莫耳),三苯基膦(63.94克, 243.8亳莫耳,12當量)及4-硝基苯甲酸(4 1.08克,245.8 毫莫耳,1.2當量)溶於無水THF(1_ 4公升)内。將此攪拌的 溶液在氮氣下冷至〇°C。然後用45分鐘滴加DEAD (38.4毫 升’2 44亳莫耳,K2當量),任反應物升至室溫。4小時後, 备發溶劑,將殘餘物分成四部分。每一部分都於細二氧化 石夕膠(10-4 0微米網眼,柱直徑12公分,柱長16公分)上用 梯度2:1己烷/E tO Ac至1:1己烷/EtO Ac至純EtO Ac作色層分 析純化。得酯2a,經蒸發溶劑及於7〇 t高真空乾燥1小時 後為無定形白色固體(1081克,定量產出 實例3 之合成
將硝基苯甲醯基酯2a(108.1克,203.1毫莫耳)溶於THF (1.0公升)内,將所得溶液冷至〇 〇C。然後快速加單水合氫 氧化鋰(10.66克,253.9毫莫耳)於水(225毫升)内的溶液, 此反應物於〇°C攪拌30分鐘,之後用鹽酸(1N,50.8亳升) 中和剩餘的鹼。再緩慢加酸至黃色褪去(7毫升)。然後將 所得混合物蒸發,殘餘物用EtOAc(3xl50毫升)萃取。萃取 物用飽和碳酸氫鈉(15〇毫升)及鹽水(150毫升)洗。有機相 -27- 200307692
(22) 於硫酸鎂上乾燥,用矽藻土過濾,蒸發。殘餘物於高真空 乾燥過夜,得醇3a,為無色泡沫(70· 1克,98%,HPLC測 定純度>99%)。 實例4 r2S)-N-B〇c-胺基-壬-8-烯酸Mg)之合成
C- (4b) Pyridine, Acp COOEt 二今气 'Na0H (1N) COOEt T ^ T EtOOC 人 NHAc ^ ^HOOC 入 NHAc (4a) (4b) (S,S)-Et-DUPHOS Rh(COD)OTf (1/500)
Nal04 H20
1) BOC^O, DMAP, THF v2)U0H,H20
步騾A. 於市場上購得的二乙基2 -乙醯胺基丙二酸酯4a (100克,0·46莫耳)於二呤烷(5 00毫升)内的溶液中滴加氫 氧化鈉水溶液(1Μ,1當量,460毫升),費時30至45分鐘。 將所得混合物攪拌1 6.5小時,然後真空蒸發二哼烷。所得 水溶液用三份300毫升的EtOAc萃取,用濃HC1酸化至pH 1。任此溶液於冰水浴内結晶。待少許晶體出現後,混合 物以超音波振動,出現大量沉澱。過濾,真空乾燥,得化 合物4b (62.52克,72 %產出率),為白色固體。 步騾B ·將於1公升圓底燒瓶内的以磁力攪拌的商業上 -28- (23) (23)200307692 可購知的7·辛烯十从二醇4c (25克,0.173莫耳)及112〇 (1〇〇毛升)乳液中加過破酸鈉水溶液(4〇7克,〇19〇莫耳, 1,1當I ’於47 5亳升H2〇内),費時20分鐘(有少許放熱)。 生成的混合物再於室溫攪拌1小時(以TLC證實反應已完 全)。然後將混合物倒入分離漏斗内,由有機層分離出水 層水溶液用NaCi飽和,傾出,再一次分離有機部分。 合併二次分離出的有機部分,於硫酸鈉上乾燥,用棉塞過 滤(於巴斯得滴管内),得化合物4d (15 135克,無色油體, 78%產出率)。水溶液用CH2C12過濾,用無水MgS04乾燥, 真空濃縮(不加熱,6 -庚醛沸點1 5 3 °C )又得一部分化合物 4 d ( 1 · 9 5 7克’無色油體,i 〇 %產出率)。總產出率8 8 %。 步驟C.於固體2 -乙醯胺基丙二酸乙酯4b (7.57克,40 晕莫耳)内加6_庚醛4d (4·48克,40亳莫耳)於吡啶(32毫 升’ 1 〇當量)内的溶液,費時1分鐘。所得溶液於i 〇 〇c浴内 冷卻。費時4分鐘加醋酸酐(12毫升,32當量)。將所得有 機溶液於室溫攪拌3小時,加另一部分2-乙醯胺基丙二酸 乙酯4b (2.27克)。此混合物再於室溫攪拌丨χ小時。然後加 冰(6 0毫升),將此溶液攪拌1 · 5小時,此混合物再以2 5 〇亳 升水稀釋’用一部分二乙酸萃取。此酸溶液用in HC1, 飽和NaHC〇3洗,乾燥(NaeCU),濃縮,作閃色層分析 (EtOAC 40%/己烷),得化合物4e (4.8克,50%產出率), 為淡黃色油體。 步驟D.於去氣(以氬氣通入30分鐘)的ζ·2·乙醯胺基 -2,8-壬烯酸乙酯4e (8.38克,35毫莫耳)於無水乙醇(7〇毫 -29- 200307692
(24) 升)内的溶液中加(S,S)-Et-DUPHOS Rh(COD)〇tf (51 毫 克,基質/催化劑=496)。將此混合物置於30磅/吋2氫下(4-真2 -Ha循環後)於parr搖動器上擺摔2小時。將所得混合 物蒸發至乾得粗製化合物4 f,其用於下一步騾不必純化。 步騾E.於粗製(S)_2_乙醯胺基-8-壬烯酸乙酯4f (7.3 克,30·3毫莫耳)於THF(100亳升)内的溶液中加B〇c20 (13·2克,2當量)及DMAP(740亳克,〇·2當量)。此反應混 合物於回流加熱2 · 5小時。然後蒸發大部分THF溶劑,粗 製混合物用CH2C12稀釋,用IN HC1洗以除去DMAP。有機 層再以飽和NaHC03水溶液萃取,用無水Na2S04乾燥,真 空濃縮。粗製產物以THF(50亳升)及水(30毫升)稀釋,加 1^011.1120(2.54克,2當量),此混合物於室溫攪拌25小時 (以TLC證實水解已完全)。將反應混合物真空濃縮除去大 部THF溶劑,用CH2C12稀釋。所得溶液用IN HC1洗,用無 水Na2S04乾燥,真空下濃縮。為除去少量雜質及過多的 Boc20,將粗製產物作閃色層分析純化(用溶劑梯度1〇〇〇/。 己烷-100% EtOAc作洗離劑)。得高純度標題化合物4g, 為淡黃色油體(5·82克,71%產出率)。4 NMR (DMSO, 400 ΜΗζ):δ 7.01 (d,J=8 Ηζ,1Η),5.79 (tdd,Jt=6.7 Hz,Jd=17.0, 1〇·2 Ηζ,1Η), 5.00 (md5 Jd=17.0 Ηζ,1Η),4·93 (md5 Jd=10.2 Ηζ,1Η),3·83 〇,1Η), 2·00 (q,J=6.9 Hz,2H),1.65-1.5 (m5 2H),1.38 (s,9H),1.35-1.21 (m, 6H)。 實例5 三肽5b之合成_ -30- (25) (25)200307692
步騾i ·將氯化氫於二嘮烷内的溶液(4N)加於 碎片3a(5.32克’ 15·0亳莫耳)内成為無色溶液。於室溫攪 拌1 ^時後,蒸發落劑,殘餘物置於高真空下3小時,製得 化合物5a的鹽酸鹽,為無定形固體,原樣使用。 步騾2 ·將DIPEA (2.6亳升,15毫莫耳)加於上面製備的 P1-P2鹽酸鹽(15晕莫耳)於無水dcm(i〇〇毫升)内的混合 物中’生成均質溶液。分別將1^丁11(5.30克,16.5亳莫耳, 1.1當量)加於攪拌的(:9_接頭48(4.〇7克,15〇毫莫耳)於無 水D C Μ ( 1 3 0毫升)内的溶液中,試劑部分溶解。加d I p e A (2.6¾升’ 15毫莫耳),1〇分鐘後生成基本均質溶液。然 後於此溶液内加P1_P2溶液,並加dipea至反應物呈鹼性 (pH>8,石蕊試驗)=於氮氣下攪掉5小時後,蒸發溶劑, 殘餘物用EtOAc(2x250毫升)萃取,用稀鹽酸(0.05N,400 毫升),水(4 00毫升)及飽和碳酸氫鈉(4〇〇毫升)洗。然後將 合併之有機相於硫酸鎂上乾燥,過濾,蒸發,得黃色漿體。 此粗製產物於二氧化矽膠上作色層分析,用6 ·· 1 EtOAc/ 己燒至純E10 A c作洗離劑,得所需三肽,二婦5 b,為白色 •31- (26) 200307692
泡沫(5.88 克,82%,HpLc^ 定純度 實例6 太環中間體6a之合说
於二婦5b (4.0克, 的溶液内通入Ar 2小 劑(262毫克,0.434亳 氣下回流。2 8小時後 於二氧化矽膠上作柱
788毫莫耳)於無水DCM(800毫升)内 寺脫氧。然後加固體Hoveyda氏催化 莫耳,5.5莫耳。/〇),將此反應物於Ar ’將紅橘色溶液蒸發成無定形固體, 色層分析純化。開始溶劑系統為1 〇 %
EtOAc於CKbCh内。一但由柱洗去催化劑後,將溶劑換成 純EtOAc。由柱洗離催化劑可由其顏色證明。分離大環產 物6a,為無色泡沫,再將其溶於CH2C12 /己烷(約1 :2)内。 蒸發溶劑,得白色粉(3.3 62克,89%產出率)。 ij! NMR (CDC13, 400 ΜΗζ)··δ 1.20-1.50 (m,6H),1·43 (s,9H),1.53 (dd, J=9.5&5.4, 1H),1.61-1.70 (m,1H),1.76-1.90 (m,2H),2·05-2·26 (m,4H), 2.45 (d,J=14.3,1H),3.67 (s,3H),3.71 (d,J=ll.l,1H),3.90 (dd, J=ll.l&4.3, 1H),4.43-4.53 (m,2H),4.76 (d,J=8.6, 1H),4.86 (bd,J=9.8, 1H),5.20-5.23 (m,2H),5.57 (dt,J=7.0&9.8, 1H),7.32 (bs,1H)。 實例7 硫脲 -32- 200307692 (27) 硫服7 a之合成:
於第三-異硫代氰酸丁酯(5·0亳升;39.4毫莫耳)於DCM (2 00毫升)内的溶液中加環戊基胺(4 ·67毫升;47.3毫莫 耳)’再加DIE A,此反應混合物於室溫揽摔2小時。此混 合物以EtOAc稀釋,用10%檸檬酸水溶液(2χ),飽和 NaHC03(2x),Η2〇(2χ)及鹽水(lx)洗。將有機層於無水 MgS04上乾燥,過濾,蒸發,得N-第三丁基_N,_環戊基 硫脲,為白色固體(3.70克;47%產出率)。將此N-第三-丁基-N,-環戊基硫脲(3.70克)溶於濃HC1 (46毫升)内。所 得暗黃色溶液於回流輕輕加熱。40分鐘後,將反應混合物 冷至室溫,再於冰内冷卻,以固體及飽和NaHC03水溶液 鹼化至ρΗ9·5。將產物萃取入EtOAc (3 X)内。合併之EtOAc 萃取物用H20(2x)及鹽水(lx)洗。將有機層乾燥(MgS04), 過濾,濃縮,得米色固體(2.46克粗製產物)。此粗製產物 以己烷/EtOAc 95/5研磨,經過濾後得N-環戊基硫脲7a, 為白色固體(2.38; 9 0%產出率)。 4 NMR (400 MHz,DMS0-d6):S 7.58 (bs,1H),7.19 (bs,1H),6.76 (bs, 1H),4.34 (bs,1H),1.92-1.79 (m,2H),1.66-1.55 (m,2H),1.55-1.30 (m, 4H)。MS; es+ 144.9(M+H)+,es-: 142·8(Μ·Η)_。 硫脲7b之製備 •33 - 200307692 (28) 用上述方法使用商業上可購得的環己基胺代替環戊基 胺,製得硫脲7b
7b 實例8 化i合物101之合成
8f 8g 101
-34- 200307692 (29) 步騾Α·於大環中間體6a( 13.05克,27.2毫莫耳,1.0當 量),Ph3P(14.28克,54.4毫莫耳,2.0當量)及2-羧基甲氧 基-4-羥基-7-甲氧基崦啉(WO 00/09543 ; WO 00/09558 及 WO 00/5 9929)(6.67 克,28.6毫莫耳,1.05 當量)於 THF (450 毫升)内的溶液中於0 °C費時15分鐘滴加DIAD(10.75毫 升’ 5 4 · 6毫莫耳’ 2.0當量)。然後移去冰浴,將反應混合 物於室溫攪拌3小時。待起始物完全轉化成產物後,真空 蒸發溶劑,殘餘物用EtOAc稀釋,用飽和NaHC03(2x)及鹽 水(1 X)洗,有機層於無水硫酸鎂上乾燥,過濾,蒸發至乾。 作閃色層分析後得純化合物7a;拄先用己烷/EtOAc (50:50) 洗,再用CHCl3/EtOAc (95:5)洗除去Ph3PO及DIAD副產 物,以TLC監測洗離雜質。最後用CHCl3/EtOAc (70:3 0) 由柱洗離所需產物8a。一般情形下色層分析步騾須重複 2 - 3次後可得高純度化合物8 a,為白色固體,總產出率6 8 % (12·8克,99·5%純度,以HPLC測定)。 步騾Β.於Boc-保護的中間體8a(1.567克)於CH2C12(15 毫升)内的溶液中加4N HCl於二嘮烷内的溶液(12亳升)。 此反應混合物於室溫攪拌1小時。[如在反應到半途有黏铜 膠體生成時,再加1〇毫升CHaCh]在去保護完成時,蒸發 去溶劑至乾,得黃色固體及糊樣物質。將此混合物溶於約 5% MeOH於CHsCh内的溶液中,再於真空下蒸發至乾, 得化合物8b,為黃色固體,將其用於下一步騾,不必純化。 步騾C.於環戊醇(614微升,6.76毫莫耳)於THF (15毫 升)内的溶液中滴加光氣於甲苯内的溶液(1 · 9 3 Μ,5 · 9 6毫 -35- (30) (30)200307692
升,U.502毫莫耳),此混合物於室溫檀掉2小時生成環戊 基氯甲酸酯試劑(z)。然後真空下蒸發去約半量溶劑。所 餘淺黃色溶液藉加CH2C12(5毫升)稀釋,濃縮至原容積的 半量,以確保已除去超量的光氣。將上述環戊基氯甲酸醋 ^劑進步以THF (15毫升)稀釋,加於胺_211(:1鹽“内。 將此混合物在冰浴内冷至,滴加以州調整pH至約 8.5-9,此反應混合物再於〇χ:攪拌工小時。然後用以〇^ 稀釋混合物,用水(lx),飽和NaHC〇3 (2χ),Η2〇 (2χ)及 鹽水(lx)洗。有機層於無水MgS〇4上乾燥,過濾,真空蒸 發,得黃琥珀色泡沫。以閃柱色層分析(用Et〇Ac内的3〇% 己烷至20%己烷梯度溶劑洗離)純化,得二甲基酯8c,產 出率80%(1·27克),純度>93%。 步騾D.將二甲基酯8e (1.17克)溶於THF/Me〇H/H2〇(2〇 毫升’2:1:1比)内,加心011水溶液(18毫升,1.1當量)。 此反應混合物於室溫攪拌i小時,然後蒸發至乾,得鈉鹽 8d,為白色固體(約i.66毫莫耳)。化合物8d直接用於下一 步騾不必純化。 步騾E.將粗製鈉鹽8d(1.66亳莫耳)溶於THF (17毫升) 内,加E“N,此混合物於冰浴内冷至〇〇c。滴加異丁基氯 甲酸酯(322微升,2.5¾莫耳),此混合物於〇〇c攪拌75分 鐘。然後加二氮甲烷(15毫升),於〇。〇攪拌3〇分鐘,再於 室溫攪拌1小時。真空下蒸發去大部溶劑,剩餘混合物用 EtOAc稀釋,用飽和 NaHC03(2x),Η2〇(2χ)及鹽水洗, 於無水MgSCU上乾燥,過濾,真空蒸發,得化合物8e,為 -36- 200307692
(31) 黃色泡沫(1 · 2克,約1 · 6 6毫莫耳)。此二氮酮中間體8 e直接 用於下一步騾不必純化。 步騾F.將二氮酮8e(1.2克,1.66亳莫耳)溶於THF (17 毫升)内的溶液於冰浴内冷至〇°C。滴加HBr水溶液(48%, 1.24毫升),此反應混合物於〇。(:攪拌1小時。此混合物以 EtOAc稀釋,用飽和 NaHC03(2x),H20(2x)及鹽水(lx)洗, 於無水M g S 04上乾燥,過滤,蒸發至乾,得α 溴酮中間 體8 f,為淺黃色泡沫(約1 · 6 5 7毫莫耳)。 步騾G·於溴酮8f(2.51克,3.27毫莫耳)於異丙醇(105 愛升)内之溶液中加環戊基硫脈7a(565毫克,3.92亳莫 耳),將此反應混合物置於預熱至7 0 °C之油浴内並撥拌1.5 小時。真空除去異丙醇,將產物溶於EtO Ac内。此溶液用 飽和NaHC〇3,水及鹽水洗,有機層於無水MgS04上乾燥, 過濾,蒸發,得粗製產物8g(1.35克),為淺黃色固體。此 粗製產物以閃色層分析於二氧化矽膠上純化(丨:丨己垸 /EtOAc),得2.12毫克灰白色固體(80%產出率)。 步騾H· 將甲基酯8g(1.82克,2.2毫莫耳)溶於 THF/MeOH/H2O(38/20/18 毫升)内,用 Li0H.H20(935 毫克,22.3 毫莫耳)皂化。此水解反應於室溫進行1 8小時。然後將溶 液蒸發至乾,得灰白色糊。此糊用EtO Ac及鹽水稀釋。用 IN HC1將混合物pH調整至6。分離EtOAc層,水層用Et〇Ae 萃取二次。合併之EtOAc層用去離子水(2x)及鹽水(1χ) 洗,乾燥(MgS〇4),蒸發,得環形三肽化合物ιοί,為黃 色固體(1.76克,99%產出率)。 200307692
(32) 轉化成Na鹽 將化合物8h(106毫克,0.132毫莫耳)溶於MeOH(20毫升) 内,加0.0 1N NaOH溶液(13.2毫升)。此澄清黃色溶液用水 稀釋,凍乾,得化合物8hNa鹽,為黃白色不定形固體(106 毫克,97 %產出率)。 M.S·(電噴):799.3 (M-H)· 801.4 (M + H)反相 HPLC同一性 (0.06% TFA ; CH3CN : H20) : 99%。 NMR (400 MHz? DMSO-d6) · δ 8.02(d? J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 7.90 (d? J=6.4 Hz,1H),7.76 (s,1H),7.44 (bs,2H),7.27 (d,J=1.9 Hz,1H),7·11 (d, J=7.0 Hz,1H),7.03 (d,J=9.2 Hz,1H),5.48 (dd,J=18.4, 9.9 Hz,1H),5.43 (bs5 1H),5.15 (dt5 J=17.8, 7·63 Hz,1H),4.70 (bs,1H),4·49·4·34 (m,2H), 4.34-4.25 (m,1H),4.13-4.03 (m,1H),3.99-3.86 (m,1H),3.90 (s,3H), 2.58-2.44 (m,1H),2.42-2.32 (m,1H),2.15-1.93 (m,4H),1.83-1.14 (m, 24H),1.14-1.12 (m,1H)。 實例9 用實例8所述相同工序,但於步騾G中用環己基硫脲 7b,得化合物102鈉鹽。
巾 NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d6) : 5 8.02(d, J=9.2 Hz,1H),7.86 (bs,1H), 7.78 (d,J=7.3 Hz,1H),7.43 (s,2H),7.27 (d,J=2.2 Hz,1H),7.12 (d, -38- 200307692
(33) J=6.9 Hz,1H),7·〇3 (dd,J=9·2, 19 Hz,1Η),5.57-5.40 (m,1H),5·40 (s, 1H),5.26-5.17 (m,1H),4.70 (bs,1H),4.52-4.35 (m,2H),4.29-4.23 (m, 1H),4·18_4·00 (m,1H),3·90 (s5 3H),3·87·3·65 (m,1H),2.42-2.32 (m5 1H),2.19-2.10 (m,1H),2·07·1·96 O, 3H),1.82-0.95 (m,28H)。MS; es+: 815.4 (M+H)+ 0 es-: 813.4 實例1 0 NS3-NS4A 蛋鱼^酶 I....炙
此用以評估本發明化合物的酶鐘定見WO 00/09543及WO 00/59929 ° 實例1 1 以細胞為篡遂的HCV RNA複製鑑定 細胞培養: 以前述方法(Lohman et al” 1990, Science 285.110-113)確立安 定地保留亞基因組HCV複製子的Huh7細胞,並定為S22.3 細胞系(WO 02/052015)。將 S 22 · 3 細胞保留於 Dulbecco,s Modified Earle培養基(DMEM)内,此培養基内加有1〇 % FBS 及1亳克/毫升新黴素(標準培養基)。鑑定期間,使用加有 10%FBS的DMEM培養基,内含〇.5%DMSO,但不含新黴 素(鐘定培養基)。加化合物前1 6小時,將S 2 2.3細胞用胰 蛋白酶消化,並用標準培養基稀釋至5 0 0 0 0細胞/毫升。取 200微升(10000個細胞)分布於96凹碟的每一凹内。然後將 碟於371在5% C02下培養至第二天。 -39- 200307692 (34) 試劑及物料: 產物 公司 目錄編號 儲存 DMEM Wisent Inc. 10013CV 4°C DMSO Sigma D -2650 室溫 Dulbecco’s PBS Gibco-BRL 14190-136 室溫 胎牛血清 Bio-Whittaker 14-90 IF -20〇C/4〇C 新黴素(G418) Gibco-BRL 10131-027 -20〇C/4〇C 胰蛋白酶-EDTA Gibco-BRL 25300-054 -20〇C/4〇C 96凹的碟 Costar 3997 室溫 PVDF 0.22微米過濾器 Millipore SLGV025LS 室溫 深凹滴定碟 聚丙諦 Beckman 267007 室溫 試驗化合物之製備 將10微升試驗化合物(於100 % DMSO内)加於2毫升鑑定 培養基内,使DMSO終濃度為0.5%,此溶液以超音波振動 15分鐘,用0.22微米Millipore Filter Unit過濾。將900微升移 入聚丙烯深凹滴定碟之A排。B至Η排含400微升整數份的 鑑定培養基(含0·5% DMSO),用以藉將400微升由一排移 至另一排(H排不含化合物)作系列稀釋(1/2)。 試驗化合物用於細胞 由含S 2 2 · 3細胞的9 6凹的碟吸出細胞培養物。將有適宜 稀釋的試驗化合物的1 7 5微升鑑定培養基由含化合物的碟 的每一凹轉移至細胞培養物碟每一對應凹(H排用作“無抑 制對照”)。將細胞培養碟於37°C在5% C02下培養72小時。 總細胞RNA之萃取 培養 72 小時後,用 RNeasy 96 套件(Qiagen®,RNeasy Handbook, 1999)由96凹碟的S22.3細胞萃取總細胞RNA。簡言之,由 細胞完全取出鑑定培養基,加含143 mM /5 -硫氫基乙醇的 -40- 200307692
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100微升RLT緩衝液(Qiagen®)於96凹細胞培養碟的每一凹 内。將此微碟(microplate)輕輕搖動2 0秒。然後將1 0 0微升 7 0%乙醇加於每一微碟凹内,藉吸管混合。取出溶胞產 物,用於RNeasy 96 (Qiagen®)碟的凹,此碟係置於Qiagen® Square-Well Block的頂部。用膠帶將RNeasy 96碟密封,將有 RNeasy 96凹碟的Square-Well Block載入固定器内,置於4K15C
離心轉頭(rotor bucket)上。將樣品於室溫以6000轉/分鐘(約 5600 X g)離心4分鐘。由碟上除去膠帶,RNeasy 96碟的每一 凹内加0 · 8毫升Buffer RW1 (Qiagen® RNeasy 96套件)。再用新膠 帶密封RNeasy 96碟,於室溫以6000轉/分鐘離心4分鐘。將 RNeasy 96碟置於另一清潔的Square-Well Block頂上,除去膠 帶,於RNeasy 96碟的每一凹内加0.8毫升Buffer RPE (Qiagen® RNeasy 96套件)。再用新膠帶密封RNeasy 96碟,於室溫以 6000轉/分鐘離心10分鐘。除去膠帶,將RNeasy96碟置於 含1.2毫升收集微管的支架頂端。藉加50微升無RNase的水 於每一凹内洗離RNA,用新膠帶將碟密封,於室溫培養1 分鐘。然後將碟於室溫以6000轉/分鐘離心4分鐘。再用第 二容積50微升無RNase的的水重複此一洗離步騾。將含總 細胞RNA的微管存於-70°C。 總細胞RN A之定量
用 RiboGreen® RNA定量套件(Molecular Probes®)於 STORM® 系 統(Molecular Dynamics®)上定量 RNA。簡言之,將 RiboGreen 試劑於 TE (10 mM Tris-HCl ρΗ=7·5,1 mM EDTA)内稀釋 200倍。 一般是,將50微升試劑用10毫升TE稀釋。將核糖體rnA •41- 200307692
(36) 標準曲線於TE内稀釋至2微克/毫升,再將預定量(1〇〇, 50,40,20,10,5,2及0微升)的核糖體RNA溶液移入新 * 96凹碟(COSTAR #3997)内,再用TE將容積加至100微升。 一般而言,9 6凹碟的第一列用於標準曲線,其他的凹用於 要定量的RNA樣品。將要定量的10微升每一 RNA樣品移至 96凹碟的對應的凹,加90微升TE。於96凹碟的每一凹内 加一容積(1 0 0微升)稀釋的RiboGreen試劑,於室溫培養2至5 分鐘’避光(200微升終容積内的10微升RNA樣品產生20 X φ 稀釋)。每一凹的螢光強度用STORM®系統(Molecular Dynamics®)測定。以已知量的核糖體RNA為基礎製出標準曲 · 線及生成的螢光強度。由標準曲線及20X稀釋校對測出實 驗樣品的RNA濃度。 試劑及物料 產物 公司 目錄# 儲存 DEPC Sigma D5758 4°C EDTA Sigma E5134 室溫 Trizma-Base Sigma T8524 室溫 Trizma-HCl Sigma T7149 室溫 收集管條 Qiagen 19562 室溫 Ribogreen RNA定量套件 Molecular Probe R11490 -20°C RNeasy 96 套件 Qiagen 74183 室溫 Square-Well Blocks Qiagen 19573 室溫
真實時間R.T.-PCR
真實時間R.T.-PCR是用 TaqMan EZ R.T.-PCR套件 (Perkin-Elmer Applied Biosystems®)於 ABI Prism 7700 Sequence Detection System完成。用類似前述技術(Martell et al·,1999,J· Clin. Microbiol. 37:327-332)的 Taqman 技術(Roche Molecular -42- 200307692
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Diagnostics System)使 R.T.-PCR 適合於 HCV RNA 的 5,IRES 定 量。此系統利用AmpliTaq DNA聚合酶的5,· 3,溶核活性。簡 θ之’此法利用雙重標記的螢光雜交探針(PUTR Probe),此 探針特別使PCR引物(引物8 125及7028)間的模板退火。探 針的5’端含螢光報告劑(6_羧基螢光素[F am]),其3,端含 勞光媳滅劑(6-羧基四甲基羅丹明[TAMRA])。完整雜交探 針上的媳減劑抑制F A Μ報告劑的發射光譜。雜交探針的核 紅酶降解釋出報告劑,導致螢光射出的增加。ABI Prism 7700 序列測定器在PCR放大過程中連續測定螢光射出的增 加’致使放大的產物直接與信號成正比。於反應早期在代 表產物累積的對數相點分析放大圖。代表已界定出的伴有 PCR產物指數增長的螢光信號增加測定閾的點界定為循 環閾(CT)。CT值與輸入的HCV RNA量成反比;這樣,在 相同PCR條件下,HCV RNA的起始濃度越高,CT越低。藉 將CT與已知的HCV RNA每一濃度標準稀釋相比製成曲線 圖即可用ABI Prism 7700測定系統自動製成標準曲線。 將標準曲線的參考樣品置於每一 R.T.-PCR碟上。活體外 合成HCV複製RNA(藉T7轉錄),純化,並以OD260定量。 考慮及1微克RNA^.BxlO11 RNA拷貝,作稀釋以求有 108,107,106,1〇5,1〇4,1〇3 或 1〇2 RNA拷貝 /5 微升。每 一稀釋中也加總細胞Huh-7 RNA(50亳微克/5微升)。將5 微升每一參考標準(HCV複製子+Huh-7 RNA)與45微升 Reagent Mix合併,用於真實時間R.T.-PCR反應。 確立實驗樣品的真實時間R.T·-PCR反應,此等實驗樣品 200307692
(38) 已於RNeasy 96-凹碟上藉以5微升每一總細胞RNA樣品與 4 5微升Reagent Mix合併純化。 試劑混合物製備: 成分 一個樣品容積 (微升) 一個碟容積(微升) (91個樣品+死容積) 終濃度 無Rnase水 16,5 1617 5X TaqMan EZ 緩衝液 10 980 IX Μη (OAc)2 (25 mM) 6 588 3 mM dATP(10 mM) 1.5 147 300 μΜ dCTP(10 mM) 1.5 147 300 μΜ dGTP(10 mM) 1.5 147 300 μΜ dUTP(20 mM) 1.5 147 600 μΜ Forward Primer (10 μΜ) 1 98 200 ηΜ Reverse Primer (10 μΜ) 1 98 200 ηΜ PUTR探針(5 μΜ) 2 196 200 ηΜ rTthDNA聚合酶 (2·5 U/微升) 2 196 0.1U/微升 AmpErase UNG (1U/微升) 0.5 49 0.01 υ/微升 總容積 45 4410
試劑及物料: 產物 公司 目錄# 儲存 TaqMan EZ R.T.-PCR Kit PE Applied Biosystems N808-0236 -20°C MicroAmp Optical Caps PE Applied Biosystems N801-0935 室溫 MicroAmp Optical 96-Well Reaction Plate PE Applied Biosystems N801-0560 室溫 正向引物序列(SEQ ID NO. 1):5,-ACG CAG AAA GCG TCT AGC CAT GGC GTT AGT-3’
反向引物序列(SEQ ID NO. 2):5, TCC CGG GGC ACT CGC AAG CAC CCT ATC AGG-3’ -44- 200307692
(39) 註:此等引物放大HCV 5,未翻譯區内的256-nt。 PUTR探針序列(SEQ ID NO. 3):16FAm1-TGG TCT GCG GAA CCG GTG AGT AC A CC- |tAmE\! I,模板對照(NTC):毒一碟上使用4個凹作為“NTC”。於 此等對照凹内加5微升水代替RN A。 熱循環條件: 5 0°C 2分鐘 6 0°C 3 0分鐘 9 5〇C 5分鐘 9 5〇C 1 5 秒 6 0°C 1分鐘 V 2循環 9 0°C 1 5秒 ) 60°C 1分鐘 (40循環 R.T.- PCR反應終 了後,數據分析需設定PCR碟的閾螢光 信號,藉將Ct值與每一參考反應所用的RNA拷貝數製圖構 成標準曲線。供鐘定樣品取得的Ct值用以插入由標準曲線 鲁 取得的RNA拷貝數。 最後,將RN A拷貝數正常化(以由細胞培養凹萃取的總 RN A之RiboGreen RNA定量為基礎)並以基因組當量/微克 總 RNA[ge/pg]表達。 ^ 由細胞培養碟每一凹得到的RNA拷貝數[g.e./pg]是在 a 抑制劑各種濃度的複製HCV RNA量的測定。抑制%是以如 下方程式計算: 100_[([g.e./pg inh]/(g.e./>g ctl)xl00] -45- 200307692
(40) 將適合Hi 11模型的非線性曲線使用於抑制·濃度數據’ 用 S AS 軟體(Statistical Software System; SAS Institute,Inc· Cary, N.C·)計算5 0%有效濃度(EC50)。 實例1 2 特異性鑑定 用於評估此化合物選擇性的特異性鑑定揭示於WO 00/09543 ° 實例1 3 藥物動力學性質 本發明化合物也有良好藥物動力學性質,如於鼠在經口 投送5耄克/公斤後於1小時及2小時可測出有意義的血漿 含量。 更明顯的是,下述鑑定,活體内經口吸收篩檢,用以測 定於鼠經口給予後試驗化合物的血衆含量·· 物料及方法: 1 ·用以集中化合物的方法(“彈夾選擇,,): 要裝入“彈夾”的化合物的選擇是基於其構造的相似性 及物理化學性質。確立可用於所有選擇的化合物的固體相 萃取方法。以起始試驗為基礎,將每一化合物送入鼠血 漿,並以HPLC或/HPLC/MS於0.5//M濃度測定其停滞時 間’離子質量’並以HPLC及/或HpLC/M_以的各化人 物間可能的分離作為基礎將3_4個化合物裝入“彈爽,,。口 2 · 口服載體及化合物製備·· 每- “彈夾,,含3-4種化合物’每一化合物為5“毫克/公 -46 - (41) 200307692
彈夾可製成0 · 5 %的水性甲基纖維素及〇 · 3 %聚氧乙烯 (2〇j山梨糖酮單油酸鹽(吐溫8〇)内的懸浮液。投藥容積為 1 0毫升/公斤,經由口服用管。 3 ·投藥及血漿抽樣: 將Male Sprague Dawley鼠於各自籠内空腹過夜,但可喝 1 0〇/。葡萄糖水溶液。給鼠投送每種“彈夾,,。投藥後i及2小 寺由2隻鼠採取血漿樣品(約i毫升),集中備萃取及分析。
4 ·化合物萃取及分析: 以固體相萃取方法萃取每一彈夾内的投藥後i及2小時 所取血漿樣品,空白血漿,含所有化合物各〇 的空白 =槳。以HPLC及HPLC/MS分析樣品作為比較。以〇 5//M >農度標準評估血漿濃度。 表 1
MeO
Cpd# R1 R2 R3 MS (M-H)- _101 0H 環戊基 環戊基 V / — 799.3 _ 102 0H 環己基 環戊基 813.4 103 nh-so2- 環丙基 環戊基 環戊基 在以本發明化合物評估上述酶及細胞為基礎的鑑定 -47- (42) 200307692
時,發現此等化物具高活性 ^
注°更特定地說,於NS3-NS4A 蛋白酶鑑中此等化合物之ΤΓ 你、人Λ Λ , 、人、,“ ^么 低於0.01//M,於以細胞為 基礎的HCV RNA鑑定中其eC5〇低於0·01/ζΜ。 在此等化合物作特異性評估時,發現式丨化合物之選擇 性在於其於人白血球彈性蛋白酶及組織蛋白酶Β鑑定中 無明顯抑制性。
在此等化合物以鼠作藥物動力學鑑定評估時,於 Μ6Λο〇6ΐ:ΤΛΥ6θη20®(0.5% : 〇·3%)内5毫克/公斤的劑量即產生 出乎意料的良好血漿濃度。化合物101及102之曲線下面積 (AUC)分別為16及18//Μ-小時,而與其最接近的類似物之 AU C為0 · 8至4 · 5 //Μ β小時。此種鼠血漿内化合物吸收量的 顯著增加使此等化合物作為經口給予的有效藥物令人發 生特別興趣。
-48- 200307692 (43)
序列表 <ll〇> BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM (CANADA) LTD.
<120> MARCROCYCLIC PEPTIDES ACTIVE AGAINST THE HEPATITIS C VIRUS <130> 13/092 <140〉 092101813 <141> 2003-01-28 <150> 2,369,711 <151> 2002-01-30 , <160> 3 <170> FastSEQ for Windows Version 4.0 <210> 1 <211> 30 <212> DNA <213>人工序列 — <220> <223>正向引物 <400> 1 acgcagaaag cgtctagcca tggcgttagt <210> 2 <211> 30 <212> DNA <213>人工序列 <220> <223>反向引物 <400> 2 tcccggggca ctcgcaagca ccctatcagg <210> 3 <211> 26 <212> DNA <213〉人工序列 <220> <223> PUTR 探針 <400> 3 tggtctgcgg aaccggtgag tacacc -49-
Claims (1)
- 200307692 拾、申請專利範國 1. 一種式I化合物: Me〇其中R1是羥基或NHS02R1A;其中R^SCCh)烷基, (C3_7)環烷基或{(Cn)烷基- (C3_7)環烷基},其均視需 要以鹵,氰基,硝基,0((^ 烷基,醯胺基,胺基或 苯基作1至3次之取代,或R1A*C64C1()芳基,其視需 要以鹵,氰基,硝基,(Cu)烷基,occu)烷基,醯胺 基,胺基或苯基作1至3次之取代;R2是(C5_6)環烷基及 R3是環戊基;或其醫藥上可接受的鹽。 2. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之化合物,其中R1是羥基或 NHS02R1A,其中 R1A* (Cb6)烷基,(C3_7)環烷基或 {(C^)烷基-(C3_7)環烷基},其均視需要以画,硝基或 0((^-6)烷基作1至3次之取代,或苯基其係視需要以 鹵,硝基,(Cm)烷基或CKCm)烷基作1至3次之取代。 3. 根據申請專利範圍第1或2項之化合物,其中R1是 NHS02R1A,其中R1A是甲基,乙基,環丙基,環丁基, 環戊基,環丙基甲基,環己基乙基,CC13,CF3,苯基, 2003076922-氟苯基或4-甲基苯基。 4. 根據申請專利範圍第1或2項之化合物,其中R1是羥 基。 5. 根據申請專利範圍第1或2項之化合物,其中R2是環戊 基。 6. 根據申請專利範圍第1或2項之化合物,其是選自由式 10 1,102及103所構成的群:2003076927. —種醫藥組合物,其含抗C型肝炎病毒有效量的根據 申請專利範圍第1或2項之式I化合物或其醫藥上可接 受的鹽,及與其混合的醫藥上可接受的載劑介質或助 劑。 8. 根據申請專利範圍第7項之醫藥組合物,其尚含治療 有效量的一或多種其他抗-HCV劑。 9. 根據申請專利範圍第8項之醫藥組合物,其中該其他 抗-HCV劑是選自:α-干擾素或聚乙二醇化的α-干擾 素。 10. 根據申請專利範圍第8或9項之醫藥組合物,其中該其 他抗-HCV劑是病毒唑。 11. 根據申請專利範圍第8或9項之醫藥組合物,其中該其 他抗-HCV劑是選自如下的抑制劑:解旋酶,NS2/3蛋 白酶及内部核糖體進入位(IRES)。 12. 根據申請專利範圍第1或2項之式I化合物,或其醫藥上 可接受的鹽,其係用於治療或預防C型肝炎病毒之感 染。 13. 根據申請專利範圍第1或2項之式I化合物在製造藥物 以供治療或預防C型肝炎病毒感染上的用途。 14. 一種零組件套件供製造藥物以治療或預防C型肝炎病 毒感染,其包括二部分: (a) 其中之一包括至少一種根據申請專利範圍第1 至2項之化合物;及 (b) 其他部分包括一或多種抗HCV劑。 200307692 陸、(一>、本案指定代表圖為:第_圖 (二)、本代表圖之元件代表符號簡單說明:柒'本案若有化學式時,請揭示蕞能顯示發明特徵的化學式:. MeO(Ο -5 - 200307692 (此處由本局於收1 文時黏貼條碼; (92)理專化2730字第214 8 6 專利補充、修ίί中請(本申請書格式、順序及粗體字,請勿任意更動,※記號部分請勿填寫) ※案 由:21000 ; 21002 ; 24010 ; 24012 申請案號:〇九二一〇—八一三 申請補充修正日期:中華民國九十二年七月二十四日 依據:貴局九十二年五月二日(九二)智專一(二)15121字第〇九二四〇七八三 七九〇號函辦理。 壹、 專利名稱:類別:0發明匚(新型□新式樣 「具有抗C型肝炎病毒活性之大環肽 MACROCYCLIC PEPTIDES ACTIVE AGAINST THE HEPATITIS C VIRUS」 貳、 申請人:(共1人) 姓名或名稱:(中文/英文)(簽章)ID: 加拿大商百靈佳殷格翰有限公司 BOEHRINGERINGELHEIM (CANADA) LTD. 代表人:(中文/英文)(簽章) 路易斯 G.柏尼爾/LOUISE G. BERNIER 義 文代 釋理 _八, 參、 專利代理人· ID : A100743645姓名:陳長文律師(蓋章) 證書字號:台代字第1117號 事務所地址:台北市敦化北路二〇一號七樓 電話/傳真/手機:(02)2715-3300/(02)2718-8497 連絡人(電話分機):分機2730 E-MAIL : attomeys@leeandli.com 肆、 規費: (無) P:\HHT\C03\官方\82952 樣注子標題-BOEHRINGER DOC\l\WCK 200307692 伍、 附送書件: 中文說明書第7、10及11頁替換頁各乙式三份。 陸、 補充、修正說明事項: 申請人謹遵貴局九十二年五月二日來函指示,修正本案中文說明書使 其符合專利法施行細則第十五條所規定之格式要求。 ΡΛΗΗΤΧ:03\,*\82952 樣注子欉題-BOEHRINGER D0C\1\WC1C 200307692 第092101813號專利申請案 中文說明書替換頁(92年7月) ⑴ 玖、發明就明 (發明說明應敘明:發明所屬之技術領域、先前技術、内容、實施方式及圖式簡單說明) 技術領域 本發明係關於一類化合物,其合成方法,組合物及治療 C型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染的方法。具體地說,本發明提供 新穎肽類似物,含此類似物的醫藥組合物及使用此類似物 治療HCV感染的方法。 先前技術 C型肝炎病毒(HCV)全世界上都是輸血後及社會上獲得 的非-A非-B肝炎的主要病因劑。據估計,世界上有超過 二億人受此病毒感染。有高百分比的帶病毒者變成慢性感 染,其中多數發展成慢性肝病,即所謂慢性C型肝炎。而 這一組又成為嚴重肝疾病如肝硬化,肝細胞癌及導至死亡 的肝病的高危險群。 _ HCV確立病毒抗性的機轉及導致慢性肝病高發生率的 原因現尚不完全明瞭。現尚不知HCV如何與病主免疫系統 互動及避開主免疫系統。此外,有關避免HCV感染及疾病 的細胞及體液免疫反應詳情現也尚未確定。據報告,免疫 球蛋白可預防輸血引起的病毒性肝炎,但疾病控制中心 (the Center for Disease Control)現尚未推薦免疫球蛋白治療用 於此目的。有效的保護性免疫反應的缺乏妨礙了疫苗的發 展或適宜的曝露後預防手段,所以近期内希望仍寄託於對 抗病毒的干擾。 各臨床研究的目的在確定能有效地治療受慢性C型肝 炎困擾的病人的HCV感染的醫藥劑。此等研究包括使用α - 200307692 第092101813號專利申請案 中文說明書替換頁(92年7月)(4) 養中是有活性的,並在活體内具極良好藥物動力學性質。 發明内容 本發明範圍内包括式I化合物: MeO其中R1是羥基或NHS02R1A ;其中R1A* (Cu)烷基,(C3-7) 環烷基或{(Cu)烷基-(C3.7)環烷基},其視需要以鹵,氰 基,硝基,6)烷基,醯胺基,胺基或苯基作1至3次 之取代,或R1A* (:6或C1()芳基,其視需要以鹵,氰基,硝 基,(Cn)烷基,O-d.6)烷基,醯胺基,胺基或苯基作1至 3次之取代;R2是(C5_6)環烷基及R3是環戊基;或其醫藥上 可接受的鹽。 本發明範圍内包括醫藥組合物,其含抗C型肝炎病毒有 效量的式I化合物或其治療上可接受的鹽,及與其混合的 醫藥上可接受的載劑介質或助劑。 根據本發明一具體實施例,本發明醫藥組合物尚含干擾 素(聚乙二醇型或非聚乙二醇型的)或病毒唑,或一或多種 抗-HCV劑,或以上諸劑的任何混合物。 本發明另一重要方面包括藉給予哺乳動物抗C型肝炎 -10- 200307692 第092101813號專利申請案 中文說明書替換頁(92年7月)病毒有效量的式I化合物,其治療上可接受的鹽,或上述 組合物,單獨給予或與一或多種千擾素(聚乙二醇型或非 聚乙二醇型)或病毒唑,或一或多種其他抗-HCV劑一起給 予或分別給予以治療C型肝炎病毒感染的方法, 本發明另一重要方面包括藉給予哺乳動物抗C型肝炎 病毒有效量的式I化合物,其治療上可接受的鹽,或上述 組合物,單獨給予或與一或多種千擾素(聚乙二醇型或非 聚乙二醇型)或病毒唑,或一或多種其他抗-HCV劑一起給 予或分別給予以預防C型肝炎病毒感染的方法。 本發明範圍還包括式I化合物,如此處所述者,在製成 藥物以治療或預防C型肝炎病毒感染的用途。 實施方式 定義 ^ 如此處所述,下述定義除非另有說明適用於: 在述及各實例時,(R)或(S)用以指示不對稱中心之絕對 構形,此指示是用於整個化合物之說明而非只用於取代基 的說明。 此處“PI,P2及P3”意謂從肽類似物C_端開始延伸至N-端的胺基酸殘基的位置(即P1是指從C-端開始的1位,P2 是指從C ·端開始的2位,依此類推)(見Berger A. & Schechter 1_, Transactions of the Royal Society London series B257, 249-264 (1970)) ° 此處所謂“(1R,2S) -乙晞基- ACCA”意謂下式化合物:
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US6867185B2 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2005-03-15 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Inhibitors of hepatitis C virus |
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- 2002-01-30 CA CA002369711A patent/CA2369711A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2003-01-24 MX MXPA04007462A patent/MXPA04007462A/es unknown
- 2003-01-24 CN CNA038054841A patent/CN1639187A/zh active Pending
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- 2003-01-24 PL PL03371007A patent/PL371007A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-01-24 ES ES03700743T patent/ES2316718T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-24 AT AT03700743T patent/ATE414098T1/de active
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RS67004A (en) | 2006-10-27 |
NO20043591L (no) | 2004-08-27 |
UA78014C2 (en) | 2007-02-15 |
EP1472278A2 (en) | 2004-11-03 |
EA007738B1 (ru) | 2006-12-29 |
ATE414098T1 (de) | 2008-11-15 |
ZA200405639B (en) | 2005-07-01 |
DE60324660D1 (de) | 2008-12-24 |
WO2003064455A2 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
US20030181363A1 (en) | 2003-09-25 |
PE20030818A1 (es) | 2003-10-30 |
CA2369711A1 (en) | 2003-07-30 |
CN1639187A (zh) | 2005-07-13 |
JP4040578B2 (ja) | 2008-01-30 |
BR0307297A (pt) | 2004-12-21 |
SA03230569B1 (ar) | 2007-03-05 |
HRP20040689A2 (en) | 2005-06-30 |
UY27630A1 (es) | 2003-08-29 |
KR20040077899A (ko) | 2004-09-07 |
WO2003064455A3 (en) | 2004-02-05 |
NZ534929A (en) | 2006-08-31 |
PL371007A1 (en) | 2005-06-13 |
ECSP045243A (es) | 2004-09-28 |
JP2005524632A (ja) | 2005-08-18 |
EP1472278B1 (en) | 2008-11-12 |
AR038330A1 (es) | 2005-01-12 |
ES2316718T3 (es) | 2009-04-16 |
EA200400886A1 (ru) | 2005-02-24 |
MXPA04007462A (es) | 2005-07-13 |
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