SE457642B - Sur vattenloesning foer betning av metallytor - Google Patents
Sur vattenloesning foer betning av metallytorInfo
- Publication number
- SE457642B SE457642B SE8202372A SE8202372A SE457642B SE 457642 B SE457642 B SE 457642B SE 8202372 A SE8202372 A SE 8202372A SE 8202372 A SE8202372 A SE 8202372A SE 457642 B SE457642 B SE 457642B
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- ions
- amount
- concentrate
- acid
- aqueous solution
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 36
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 92
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- LXKAVIXPZIVMPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N OC(C)P(=O)(O)OP(=O)O Chemical compound OC(C)P(=O)(O)OP(=O)O LXKAVIXPZIVMPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 48
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 43
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 41
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract description 41
- DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Etidronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(O)(C)P(O)(O)=O DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 176
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 49
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 41
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 41
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 41
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 40
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 40
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 32
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 26
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XGGLLRJQCZROSE-UHFFFAOYSA-K ammonium iron(iii) sulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O XGGLLRJQCZROSE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 8
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 8
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910017665 NH4HF2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 7
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 6
- OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 6
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XQRLCLUYWUNEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)OP(O)=O XQRLCLUYWUNEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000925 Cd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001785 cerium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VZDYWEUILIUIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-J cerium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Ce+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O VZDYWEUILIUIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 4
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- XQRLCLUYWUNEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-L diphosphonate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)OP([O-])=O XQRLCLUYWUNEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012487 rinsing solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011044 succinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IMBKASBLAKCLEM-UHFFFAOYSA-L ferrous ammonium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O IMBKASBLAKCLEM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001437 manganese ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- MIMUSZHMZBJBPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methoxy-8-nitroquinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC(OC)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C21 MIMUSZHMZBJBPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trinitrate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRWVQDDAKZFPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-H chromium(III) sulfate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[Cr+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRWVQDDAKZFPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000002604 lanthanum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[La](Cl)Cl ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021110 pickles Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- LXCFELWOYHITOX-ODZAUARKSA-N (z)-but-2-enedioic acid;nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O.OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O LXCFELWOYHITOX-ODZAUARKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-3-pyrimidin-4-ylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC1=CC=NC=N1 JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MKMAKWSPBZNEQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CC(=O)O)(=O)O.[N+](=O)(O)[O-] Chemical compound C(CC(=O)O)(=O)O.[N+](=O)(O)[O-] MKMAKWSPBZNEQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000000703 Cerium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910004664 Cerium(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000248349 Citrus limon Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000004624 Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001676573 Minium Species 0.000 description 1
- GLVPUAWFPNGKHO-UHFFFAOYSA-L N.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound N.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GLVPUAWFPNGKHO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002637 Pr6O11 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000519995 Stachys sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPQDJSGQSNLEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ce+2] Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ce+2] VPQDJSGQSNLEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DOIXGGGORNAJAT-UHFFFAOYSA-M [NH4+].[Ni+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [NH4+].[Ni+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DOIXGGGORNAJAT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004973 alkali metal peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DAPUDVOJPZKTSI-UHFFFAOYSA-L ammonium nickel sulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DAPUDVOJPZKTSI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- YOUGRGFIHBUKRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(trimethyl)azanium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 YOUGRGFIHBUKRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical class [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+) trichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cr+3] QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- UZDWIWGMKWZEPE-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(iii) bromide Chemical compound [Cr+3].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-] UZDWIWGMKWZEPE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- OKBPCTLSPGDQBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;dichloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[Cl-] OKBPCTLSPGDQBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000245 forearm Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DLINORNFHVEIFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].OO DLINORNFHVEIFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052909 inorganic silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000357 manganese(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004972 metal peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L molybdic acid Chemical compound O[Mo](O)(=O)=O VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nd+3].[Nd+3] PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxolanthaniooxy)lanthanum Chemical compound O=[La]O[La]=O KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMKQUGHLEMYQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);praseodymium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Pr+3].[Pr+3] MMKQUGHLEMYQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910003447 praseodymium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002909 rare earth metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940074404 sodium succinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZDQYSKICYIVCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium succinate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O ZDQYSKICYIVCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BTJYKXPSPBJJDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;1,4-bis(4-methylpentan-2-yloxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)CC(C)OC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OC(C)CC(C)C BTJYKXPSPBJJDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RTVVXRKGQRRXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;2-sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical compound [Na].OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O RTVVXRKGQRRXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003890 succinate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- FTBATIJJKIIOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-K trifluorochromium Chemical compound F[Cr](F)F FTBATIJJKIIOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000012224 working solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940105296 zinc peroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/40—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates
- C23C22/44—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates containing also fluorides or complex fluorides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/53—Treatment of zinc or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/56—Treatment of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/57—Treatment of magnesium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2222/00—Aspects relating to chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive medium
- C23C2222/10—Use of solutions containing trivalent chromium but free of hexavalent chromium
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/254,728 US4359347A (en) | 1981-04-16 | 1981-04-16 | Chromium-free passivate solution and process |
| US06/254,700 US4359346A (en) | 1981-04-16 | 1981-04-16 | Trivalent chromium passivate solution and process for yellow passivate film |
| US06/254,699 US4359345A (en) | 1981-04-16 | 1981-04-16 | Trivalent chromium passivate solution and process |
| US06/265,487 US4349392A (en) | 1981-05-20 | 1981-05-20 | Trivalent chromium passivate solution and process |
| US06/274,007 US4384902A (en) | 1981-06-15 | 1981-06-15 | Trivalent chromium passivate composition and process |
| US06/273,526 US4367099A (en) | 1981-06-15 | 1981-06-15 | Trivalent chromium passivate process |
| US06/274,601 US4359348A (en) | 1981-06-17 | 1981-06-17 | Stabilized trivalent chromium passivate composition and process |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE8202372L SE8202372L (sv) | 1982-10-17 |
| SE457642B true SE457642B (sv) | 1989-01-16 |
Family
ID=27569481
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8202372A SE457642B (sv) | 1981-04-16 | 1982-04-15 | Sur vattenloesning foer betning av metallytor |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU541733B2 (de) |
| BR (1) | BR8202218A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA1228000A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE3213384A1 (de) |
| FR (1) | FR2504156A1 (de) |
| GB (1) | GB2097024B (de) |
| HK (1) | HK85586A (de) |
| IT (1) | IT1147842B (de) |
| NL (1) | NL185856C (de) |
| SE (1) | SE457642B (de) |
| SG (1) | SG67686G (de) |
Families Citing this family (43)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3392008B2 (ja) * | 1996-10-30 | 2003-03-31 | 日本表面化学株式会社 | 金属の保護皮膜形成処理剤と処理方法 |
| DE3423990A1 (de) * | 1983-07-19 | 1985-01-31 | Omi International Corp., Warren, Mich. | Peroxidfreie chrom(iii)-passivierungsloesung und verfahren zum passivieren von substraten mit dieser loesung |
| GB8324717D0 (en) * | 1983-09-15 | 1983-10-19 | British Petroleum Co Plc | Inhibiting corrosion in aqueous systems |
| JPS60200972A (ja) * | 1984-03-23 | 1985-10-11 | Hitachi Ltd | ジルコニウムまたはジルコニウム合金の防食方法 |
| WO1985005131A1 (en) * | 1984-05-04 | 1985-11-21 | Amchem Products, Inc. | Metal treatment |
| CA1292155C (en) * | 1987-03-03 | 1991-11-19 | Lance Wilson | Method of forming a corrosion resistant coating |
| DE3812076A1 (de) * | 1988-04-12 | 1989-10-26 | Elektro Brite Gmbh | Saures chrom-(iii)-haltiges und fluoridhaltiges passivierungsbad fuer oberflaechen aus zink, zinklegierungen und cadmium |
| JPH0364485A (ja) * | 1989-08-01 | 1991-03-19 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | アルミニウム又はその合金の表面処理剤及び処理浴 |
| US5192374A (en) * | 1991-09-27 | 1993-03-09 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Chromium-free method and composition to protect aluminum |
| US5130052A (en) * | 1991-10-24 | 1992-07-14 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Corrosion inhibition with water-soluble rare earth chelates |
| US5393447A (en) * | 1993-07-09 | 1995-02-28 | Henkel Corporation | Composition and process for desmutting and deoxidizing without smutting |
| WO1995008008A1 (en) | 1993-09-13 | 1995-03-23 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Metal treatment with acidic, rare earth ion containing cleaning solution |
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-
1982
- 1982-04-06 CA CA000400591A patent/CA1228000A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-04-07 GB GB8210315A patent/GB2097024B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-04-10 DE DE19823213384 patent/DE3213384A1/de active Granted
- 1982-04-14 IT IT48225/82A patent/IT1147842B/it active
- 1982-04-15 AU AU82634/82A patent/AU541733B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1982-04-15 FR FR8206506A patent/FR2504156A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1982-04-15 SE SE8202372A patent/SE457642B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-04-16 NL NLAANVRAGE8201599,A patent/NL185856C/xx active Search and Examination
- 1982-04-16 BR BR8202218A patent/BR8202218A/pt unknown
-
1986
- 1986-08-12 SG SG676/86A patent/SG67686G/en unknown
- 1986-11-13 HK HK855/86A patent/HK85586A/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL8201599A (nl) | 1982-11-16 |
| BR8202218A (pt) | 1983-03-29 |
| GB2097024A (en) | 1982-10-27 |
| NL185856C (nl) | 1990-08-01 |
| AU8263482A (en) | 1982-10-21 |
| DE3213384A1 (de) | 1982-12-09 |
| DE3213384C2 (de) | 1991-01-31 |
| HK85586A (en) | 1986-11-21 |
| AU541733B2 (en) | 1985-01-17 |
| FR2504156A1 (fr) | 1982-10-22 |
| SE8202372L (sv) | 1982-10-17 |
| IT1147842B (it) | 1986-11-26 |
| CA1228000A (en) | 1987-10-13 |
| IT8248225A0 (it) | 1982-04-14 |
| GB2097024B (en) | 1985-02-27 |
| SG67686G (en) | 1987-03-27 |
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