RU2016106291A - Катализатор обработки проскочившего аммиака - Google Patents

Катализатор обработки проскочившего аммиака Download PDF

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RU2016106291A
RU2016106291A RU2016106291A RU2016106291A RU2016106291A RU 2016106291 A RU2016106291 A RU 2016106291A RU 2016106291 A RU2016106291 A RU 2016106291A RU 2016106291 A RU2016106291 A RU 2016106291A RU 2016106291 A RU2016106291 A RU 2016106291A
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catalyst
catalyst layer
exhaust gas
oxidation
substrate
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RU2016106291A
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RU2675363C2 (ru
RU2016106291A3 (ru
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Джозеф Майкл ФЕДЕЙКО
Кевин ДОУРА
Эрих Конлан ВАЙГЕРТ
Джулиан Питер КОКС
Хай-Ин ЧЭНЬ
Пол Джозеф АНДЕРСЕН
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Джонсон Мэтти Паблик Лимитед Компани
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    • B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
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Claims (40)

1. Катализаторное изделие для обработки выхлопного газа, включающее подложку, содержащую первый слой катализатора, размещенный на и/или внутри подложки, и второй слой катализатора, нанесенный поверх первого слоя катализатора; в котором первый слой катализатора содержит первый катализатор окисления, а второй слой катализатора содержит смесь (i) второго катализатора окисления, состоящего из палладия на носителе, и (ii) катализатора селективного восстановления NOX и/или накопления NH3; и в котором первый и второй катализаторы окисления представляют собой различные составы.
2. Каталитзаторное изделие для обработки выхлопного газа, включающее:
a. подложку;
b. первый слой катализатора окисления, размещенный на и/или внутри подложки;
c. второй слой катализатора, нанесенный или размещенный поверх первого слоя катализатора, где второй слой содержит катализатор селективного восстановления NOX и/или накопления NH3; и
d. третий слой катализатора, нанесенный или размещенный поверх второго слоя катализатора, где третий слой катализатора содержит второй катализатор окисления, состоящий из Pd на носителе;
в котором первый и второй катализаторы окисления представляют собой различные составы.
3. Катализаторное изделие для обработки выхлопного газа, включающее:
a. подложку;
b. первый слой катализатора, содержащий первый катализатор окисления, размещенный на и/или внутри подложки;
c. второй слой катализатора, нанесенный или размещенный поверх первого слоя катализатора, где второй слой содержит катализатор селективного восстановления NOX и/или накопления NH3; и
d. третий слой катализатора, нанесенный или размещенный выше по потоку относительно первого и второго слоев катализатора, где третий слой катализатора содержит второй катализатор окисления, состоящий из Pd на носителе;
в котором первый и второй катализаторы окисления представляют собой различные составы.
4. Катализаторное изделие по п.2 или 3, в котором третий слой катализатора практически не содержит рутения, рения, родия, серебра, осмия, иридия, платины, золота, щелочных и щелочноземельных металлов, а также переходных металлов, за исключением переходных металлов в виде частиц оксида металла, используемых в качестве носителя для палладия.
5. Катализаторное изделие по любому из пп. 1-3, в котором второй слой катализатора практически не содержит Ag, Au, Pt, Rh, Ru, Ir и Os.
6. Катализаторное изделие по любому из пп. 1-3, в котором первый катализатор окисления представляет собой благородный металл на носителе.
7. Катализаторное изделие по любому из пп. 1-3, в котором первый катализатор окисления представляет собой Pt, нанесенную на частицы оксида металла, или смесь Pt и Pd, нанесенную на частицы оксида металла.
8. Каталитическое изделие по любому из пп. 1-3, в котором катализатором селективного восстановления NOX и/или накопления NH3 является цеолит, на который загрузили Fe и/или Cu.
9. Катализатор по любому из пп. 1-3, в котором подложка представляет собой проточный сотовый блок, имеющий пористость стенок приблизительно 50-65%.
10. Катализаторное изделие по любому из пп. 1-3, в котором большая часть первого слоя катализатора размещена внутри стенок подложки, а большая часть второго слоя катализатора размещена на поверхности стенок подложки.
11. Система для обработки выхлопного газа, включающая:
a. коллектор выхлопного газа;
b. подсистему для введения азотсодержащего восстановителя в выхлопной газ;
c. катализатор SCR; и
d. катализаторное изделие по любому из пп. 1-10;
в которой компоненты (a)-(d) последовательно соединены по текучей среде и расположены, соответственно, в последовательном порядке по направлению потока; и в которой система не содержит катализаторы окисления между подложкой и коллектором выхлопного газа.
12. Система для обработки выхлопного газа, включающая:
a. первый катализатор окисления для получения отношения NO/NO2, составляющего от приблизительно 4:1 до приблизительно 1:3;
b. подсистему для введения азотсодержащего восстановителя в выхлопной газ;
c. катализатор SCR;
d. инжектор для введения топлива в выхлопной газ;
e. второй проточный монолит, содержащий второй слой катализатора, размещенный на и/или внутри подложки, и первый слой катализатора, нанесенный, по меньшей мере, на часть второго слоя катализатора, в котором первый слой катализатора содержит смесь (i) первого катализатора окисления, состоящего из палладия на первом носителе, и (ii) катализатора селективного восстановления NOX и/или накопления NH3, а второй слой катализатора содержит второй катализатор окисления; где подложка соединена по текучей среде с коллектором выхлопного газа; и
f. фильтр твердых частиц выхлопа дизельных двигателей;
в которой компоненты (a)-(e) расположены соответственно, в последовательном порядке по направлению потока.
13. Способ обработки выхлопного газа, включающий контактирование выхлопного газа, содержащего NH3, с катализаторным изделием по любому из пп. 1-10; в котором указанное контактирование приводит к (a) накоплению, по меньшей мере, части NH3 во втором слое катализатора; (b) окислению, по меньшей мере, части NH3 с образованием N2 и/или вторичного NOX; и (c) селективному восстановлению, по меньшей мере, части вторичного NOX с использованием накопленного NH3 с получением N2 и H2O.
14. Способ по п. 13, в котором выхлопной газ дополнительно содержит CO и/или углеводороды; и в котором указанное контактирование приводит к окислению, по меньшей мере, части CO и/или углеводородов с образованием CO2 и необязательно H2O.
15. Способ по п. 13 или 14, дополнительно включающий стадии:
d. введения топлива в выхлопной газ в области выше по потоку относительно катализаторного изделия;
e. контактирования топлива с катализаторным изделием для окисления топлива и получения нагретого выхлопного газа; и
f. использования нагретого выхлопного газа для регенерации расположенного ниже по потоку фильтра твердых частиц.
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