RU196447U1 - Circle simulator with ring sectors for group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “Circle trainer with ring sectors for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” refers to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics for group classes in restoration and preventive training spatial-visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions of various etiologies The useful model contains a round plastic base (1), on the end surface of which a handle (2) is made, and on the front and back sides of the base (1) uniformly concentric recesses of the same width and depth are made, each of which has the same amount jumpers (3) located along the radial lines of the base (1) and dividing the concentric recesses into annular sectors (4), the number and location of which are the same on the front and back sides of the base (1); the angle between adjacent bridges (3) of each concentric recess is the same, and the jumpers (3) are offset so that the bridges (3) of each concentric recess are located near the centers of the annular sectors (4) of the adjacent concentric recesses; and on the central part of the front side of the base (1) the mark (6) is applied. Thus, the “Circle simulator”, due to its structural elements, provides the possibility of conducting group exercises to restore and preventively train visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands. The declared "Simulator Circle" introduces an element of novelty into the process of training with patients, turning them into an interesting and attractive for patients eyropsihologichesky trening.Blagodarya simplicity of design and ease of use "simulator-circle" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

Of great importance for the effectiveness of restorative education are the forms of its organization used in the course of classes with patients with disorders of various mental functions.

Methods and forms of organization of restorative education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for maximizing the use of all human capabilities and abilities, using the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow psychologist -Social Institute of Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, p. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of rehabilitation education, which is based on the use of the social environment and other social factors, is the group form of classes, which helps to increase the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental functions, expanding and complementing individual lessons with a specialist and independent studies of patients while they are in a neurological clinic .

Group classes allow you to realize primarily the activity of communication and impact on the patient’s personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 9).

According to the specialist in group dynamics, Marvin Shaw, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (Myers D. Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997).

The use of the group form of classes helps to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation training when working on the restoration of various types of memory in patients with a neurological clinic, including visuospatial memory.

Like other types of human memory, visual-spatial memory is impaired in organic brain lesions caused by various neurological diseases.

Currently, various devices and simulators are used for classes to restore impaired visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

So, from the existing level of technology, the device is known as a "simulator-plate for classes in the restoration of visual and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic" (Patent RU 183174 U1 from 09/12/2018).

Structurally, this device is a plastic plate, in the bottom of which is made a cell-recess of circular shape, around which are located the cell-recesses in the form of annular sectors.

During classes with this device, work cards are used with the image of similar cells, some of which are highlighted.

The patient needs to remember the color and location of the selected cells and, from memory, write with a marker the letters denoting the colors of the selected cells into similar cell-recesses of the device.

 The disadvantages of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory are:

a) this device is not intended for use during group classes;

b) the need to use additional elements in the form of work cards containing tasks for memorization.

Also, the device "Hexagon simulator with linear and hexagonal recesses for group exercises for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" is known from the existing level of technology (Patent RU 192638 U1 from 09.24.2019).

Structurally, this device is a flat base of a hexagonal shape, in one of the corners of which there is a handle, and on the front and back surfaces of the base there are linear and hexagonal recesses into which one of the patients enters lines and icons (check marks, dots, etc.), after why the other patient remembers the location of the inscribed lines and icons and reproduces them from memory in linear and hexagonal depressions on another surface of the base.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the device “Circle simulator for group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by the method of storing images in ring sectors and their connections” is known (Patent RU 192282 U1 from 09/11/2019).

Structurally, this device is a flat base of circular shape, on the end surface of which there is a handle (2), and in the center of each side of the base there is a circular recess, around which there are recesses in the form of circular sectors, into which one of the patients enters various images (symbols, geometric shapes, etc.) and connects them through connecting lines, after which another patient remembers the image data with connecting lines and reproduces them from memory in glubleniyah on the other side of the device.

However, prolonged work with each of the above devices leads to addiction in patients and a decrease in interest in classes, which helps to reduce the effectiveness of recovery and preventive training of visual-spatial memory.

In order to overcome the above drawbacks and expand the arsenal of devices intended for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic, a "Circle simulator with ring sectors for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" was developed ( hereinafter referred to as the "Circle Simulator").

 The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) providing the possibility of conducting group exercises on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic;

b) maintaining the interest of patients in the learning process through the use of a new device;

c) the absence of the need to use additional elements such as work cards due to the fact that the formation of tasks is carried out directly by the patients themselves;

d) providing the possibility of conducting long-term training courses on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory;

e) providing the possibility of conducting classes for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremors due to the execution of annular sectors in the form of recesses that do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

e) the simplicity of the design of the "simulator-circle", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to expand the arsenal of devices designed for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, which helps to maintain the interest of patients in the process of classes and is provided by the structural elements of the claimed "Circle simulator", allowing for long-term group classes for restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients with a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the "Training Circle" contains a round plastic base, on the end surface of which a handle is made, and uniformly concentric recesses of the same width and depth are made on the front and back sides of the base, in each of which the same the number of jumpers located along the radial lines of the base and dividing concentric recesses into annular sectors, the number and location of which are on the front and back the sides of the base are the same; the angle between the adjacent bridges of each concentric recess is the same, and the jumpers are offset so that the bridges of each concentric recess are located near the centers of the annular sectors of the adjacent concentric recesses; and on the central part of the front side of the base marked.

In the preferred embodiment of the "Circle simulator" the number of concentric recesses on each side of the base is 5-12 pieces.

In the preferred version of the "Circle simulator" the number of jumpers made in each concentric recess is 3-8 pieces.

In the preferred embodiment of the “Circle simulator”, numbers are marked on the surface of the jumpers.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Circle simulator”, the mark is made in the form of a circle.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Circle simulator”, the ring sectors are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

The essence of the utility model "The simulator-circle with ring sectors for group exercises on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - general view of the "simulator-circle";

In FIG. 2 - view of the "simulator-circle" from the side of the handle.

The claimed "Training Circle" is (see Fig. 1, 2) a flat plastic base (1) of a round shape, on the end surface of which a hollow handle (2) is made, and on the front and back sides of the base (1) are made evenly spaced from the center to the edge there are concentric recesses of the same width and depth, in each of which the same number of jumpers (3) is made, dividing the concentric recesses into annular sectors (4), designed to be inserted into them during occupation by means of an easily erasing line axis of the water marker.

The following dimensions of this particular “Circle Simulator” are not signs that narrow the scope of legal protection, as they may change during its creation.

The outer diameter of the base (1) of the "Circle simulator" is 100-140 mm, and its thickness is 4-8 mm.

The handle (2) has a conical shape with a length of 80-100 mm, with a diameter at the end of 20-25 mm and a wall thickness of 2-3 mm.

Concentric recesses are located at the same distance from each other, which is 2-6 mm, and the depth of the concentric recesses is the same and is 1-2 mm.

 The total number of concentric recesses on each side of the base (1) is the same and is 5-12 pieces.

The number of jumpers (3) made in each concentric recess of each of the sides of the base (1) is the same and amounts to 3-8 pieces.

The jumpers (3) are located along the radial lines of the base (1), and the angle between the adjacent jumpers (3) of each concentric recess is the same.

In this case, the jumpers (3) of each concentric recess are offset with respect to the jumpers (3) of the adjacent concentric recesses so that the jumpers (3) of each concentric recess are located near the centers of the annular sectors (4) of the adjacent concentric recesses.

That is, the jumpers (3) made in odd and even concentric recesses (counting from the edge of the base (1) of the “Circle simulator”) are located with an offset that is equal to half the angle between the jumpers (3) of the concentric recess.

The width of the jumpers (3) is the same and is 4-8 mm, and the height of the jumpers (3) is equal to the depth of the concentric circles.

The number and location of the ring sectors (4) on the front and back sides of the base (1) are the same.

The depth of the annular sectors (4) is the same and equal to the depth of the concentric recesses.

Thus, the design features of the ring sectors (4), which are made below the surfaces of both sides of the base (1), facilitate the process of inscribing lines into them for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremors. Moreover, the small depth of the annular sectors (4) does not prevent the removal of the lines inscribed in them by the water marker, with the help of a sponge designed to erase the water markers.

For the convenience of remembering and subsequent allocation of ring sectors (4), numbers (5) are represented on the surface of the jumpers (3), which are numbers or letters of the alphabet.

For the convenience of practicing patients with the "Circle simulator", a mark (6) is applied with dark paint on the central part of the front side of the base (1), which can be made, for example, in the form of a circle.

For better perception by patients of the ring sectors (4), they are highlighted in a color (for example, by means of paint) that differs from the color of the base (1) of the “Circle simulator”.

Work with the utility model "The simulator-circle with ring sectors for group exercises on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" as follows.

Before starting classes, the specialist forms a group of two patients with approximately the same degree of visual and spatial memory impairment.

In this case, one of the patients in the group is appointed by the specialist forming the task, and the other patient is performing the task.

Further, the patient, forming the task, holding the “Simulator-circle” by the handle (2), selects part of the ring sectors (4) of the front side of the base (1), entering lines with the water marker, the number of which is set by a specialist and is at the initial stage of training 2-3 pcs.

After that, the “Simulator-circle” is transmitted to the patient performing the task, who, within a specified time interval (from 20 seconds or more), remembers the location of the selected ring sectors (4).

For the convenience of remembering and subsequent allocation of ring sectors (4), the patient uses numbers (5), printed on the surface of the jumpers (3).

Then, the patient performing the task turns the “Simulator Circle” with the face of the base (1) down, after which it tries to reproduce from memory the selected ring sectors (4) by inscribing the lines into the corresponding ring sectors (4) on the back of the base (1).

In the event of difficulties, the patient performing the task can briefly turn the "Circle simulator", thus receiving a hint.

Verification of the correctness of the assignment is carried out by directly comparing the location of the selected ring sectors (4) on the front and back sides of the base (1) due to one or more turns of the “Circle simulator” held by the handle (2).

Further, all lines inscribed in the ring sectors (4) are removed with a sponge to erase water markers, the patient forming the task, and the patient performing the task change roles and the entire sequence of actions described above is repeated a number of times specified by the specialist.

Along with the method described above, group exercises can be carried out by a method based on the simultaneous use of two “Circle Trainers”.

In this case, patients isolate the ring sectors (4) on the front sides of the bases (1) of the used "simulators-circles" and present them to each other, after which within the time specified by the specialist (20 seconds or more), the location of the selected ring sectors ( 4).

Further, each of the patients tries to reproduce the location of the selected ring sectors (4) by inserting from memory the lines in the corresponding ring sectors (4) on the back of the base (1) of the used “Circle simulator”.

Verification of the correctness of the assignment is carried out by alternately comparing the location of the selected ring sectors (4) on the front side of the base (1) of the "Circle simulator" of one patient and the reverse side of the base (1) of the "Circle simulator" of another patient.

The simultaneous use of two "Circle simulators" allows for group exercises to restore the disturbed spatial perception.

In this case, the patient who forms the task, holding the used "Simulator-circle" by the handle (2), selects a certain number (5 to 10) of ring sectors (4) on the front side of the base (1), after which the "Simulator-circle" is located on the desktop in such a way that the handle (2) of the “Circle simulator” is rotated relative to the starting position by any angle.

After that, the patient performing the task, focusing on the spatial position of the handle (2) of the "Circle simulator" with highlighted ring sectors (4), mentally rotates it, and selects the ring sectors (4) based on (1) of his "Circle simulator ".

Verification of the correctness of the assignment is carried out by the identical location of both "Circle simulators" and comparing the location of the selected ring sectors (4) on their bases (1).

After mastering the work with the "Circle simulator" under the guidance of a specialist, patients get the opportunity to conduct independent group exercises with him.

As patients achieve positive results in the restoration of visual and spatial memory, the task is complicated by:

a) increasing the number of allocated ring sectors (4) on the front side of the base (1);

b) reducing the time interval during which the selected ring sectors are stored (4).

Along with classes on the restoration of visual-spatial memory, the “Simulator-circle” is intended for use during the preventive training of visual-spatial memory, the main difference of which is an increase in the number of ring sectors allocated for remembering (4) and a decrease in the time interval for remembering their location.

In addition, the "Simulator-circle" can be used in several other cases:

a) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children with impaired visual-spatial memory formation;

b) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

c) as a developmental game aimed at developing and training visual-spatial memory in healthy children;

d) as a memory simulator for healthy people who want to improve visual-spatial memory.

Thus, the “Circle simulator with ring sectors for group exercises for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory”, due to its structural elements, provides the possibility of conducting group exercises for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands.

The claimed “Circle simulator” introduces an element of novelty into the process of training with patients, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients.

Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the Simulator-Circle can be widely used in clinical practice.

Claims (4)

1. A circle simulator with ring sectors for group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, characterized in that it contains a round plastic base, a handle is made on its end surface, and uniformly concentric recesses are made on the front and back sides of the base the same width and depth, each of which has the same number of jumpers located along the radial lines of the base and separating the concentric small recesses on the ring sectors, the number and location of which are the same on the front and back sides of the base; the angle between the adjacent bridges of each concentric recess is the same, and the jumpers are offset so that the bridges of each concentric recess are located near the centers of the annular sectors of the adjacent concentric recesses; and on the central part of the front side of the base marked. 2. The circle simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that numbers are marked on the surface of the jumpers. 3. The circle simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the mark is made in the form of a circle. 4. The circle simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular sectors are highlighted in a color different from the base color.

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