RU197414U1 - Triangular chip with triangular cells for group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “A triangular chip with triangular cells for group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” refers to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual -spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic. A useful model contains a flat plastic base (1) having the shape of an equilateral triangle, on the front and back surfaces of which the same triangular recess cells (2) are made, having the shape of equilateral triangles, the number and location of which on the front and back surfaces of the base (1) are the same, and on the end surface of the base (1) made eye (4) with a through hole. Thus, the "Triangular chip" due to its structural elements provides the comfort and convenience of long-term courses of group classes in recovery The restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands. The declared “Triangular chip” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients. Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the "Triangular chip" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

Of great importance for the effectiveness of restorative education are the forms of its organization, which are used during classes with patients at a neurological clinic who have disorders of various mental functions.

Methods and forms of organization of restorative education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for maximizing the use of all human capabilities and abilities, using the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow psychologist -Social Institute of Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, p. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of rehabilitation education, which is based on the use of the social environment and other social factors, is the group form of classes, which helps to increase the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental functions, expanding and complementing individual lessons with a specialist and independent studies of patients while they are in a neurological clinic .

Group classes allow you to realize primarily the activity of communication and impact on the patient’s personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 9).

According to the specialist in group dynamics, Marvin Shaw, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (Myers D. Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997).

The use of the group form of classes helps to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation training when working on the restoration in patients of a neurological clinic of various types of memory, one of which is visual-spatial memory.

To conduct group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic, various devices and simulators are used.

So, from the existing level of technology, the device "Triangle simulator for group exercises for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in triangular cells" is known (Patent RU 192681 U1 from 09.25.2019).

Structurally, this device is a triangular-shaped base, on the side surface of which there is a handle, and on both sides of the base there are triangular recesses.

During training with this device, one of the patients enters various images into the cell-recesses on one side of the base, after which the other patient remembers the image data, and from memory writes them into the cell-recesses on the other side of the base.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual and spatial memory of the clinic is:

a) the need to constantly transfer the device during classes from one patient to another;

b) the need to hold the device during training by the handle.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the device "Triangular chip for group exercises to restore visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic" is known (Patent RU 196354 U1 dated 02.26.2020).

Structurally, this device is a flat plastic base of a triangular shape, on each side of which a recess cell is made.

During training with this device, one of the patients enters an image into the cell-recess of one of the sides of the base, after which the other patient remembers this image and writes it from memory into the cell-recess of the other side of the base.

The disadvantage of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory is that it is designed to work with visual memory and is not intended to restore and preventive training of visual-spatial memory.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above simulators and devices, as well as expand the arsenal of devices intended for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual and spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic, a "Triangular chip with triangular cells for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual and spatial memory "(hereinafter referred to as the" Triangular chip ").

 The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) ensuring the possibility of conducting group exercises with patients at the neurological clinic aimed at restoring impaired visual spatial memory;

b) providing the possibility of conducting group exercises aimed at the preventive training of the visual-spatial memory of patients whose memory impairment is manifested to a small extent;

c) ensuring the comfort of training with the "Triangular chip" due to the lack of the need to hold it in the patient’s hand, as well as the convenience of lifting it from a horizontal surface;

d) maintaining the interest of patients in the process of training through the use of a new device;

e) providing the possibility of using the "Triangular chip" an unlimited number of times due to the fact that it is made of plastic, and graphic operations are performed on its surfaces by means of an easily erasable water marker;

f) ensuring the possibility of conducting long-term courses for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory due to an unlimited number of tasks, the formation of which is carried out by the patients themselves;

g) providing the opportunity to conduct classes for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremors due to the fact that the cells of the "Triangular chip" are made in the form of recesses that do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

h) the simplicity of the design of the "Triangular chip", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the arsenal of devices intended for group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, which helps to maintain the interest of patients in the occupation process and is provided due to the structural elements of the claimed "Triangular chip", providing comfort and convenience of long-term courses group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide group of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the "Triangular chip" contains a flat plastic base having the shape of an equilateral triangle, on the front and back surfaces of which are made the same triangular recess cells having the shape of equilateral triangles, the number and location of which on the front and reverse surfaces the base is the same, and on the end surface of the base there is an eye with a through hole.

In the preferred embodiment of the "Triangular chip" the number of cells-recesses on each of the surfaces of the base may be: four, nine, sixteen or twenty-five pieces.

In a preferred embodiment of the "Triangular Chip", the cell-recesses are separated from each other and from the outer edges of the base by jumpers of the same width.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Triangular Chip”, notches are made on the end surface of the base.

In a preferred embodiment, the "Triangular Chip" on the front surface of the base is marked.

In a preferred embodiment of the "Triangular Chip", the recess cells are highlighted in a color different from the base color.

The essence of the utility model "Triangular chip with triangular cells for group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 is a general view of the "Triangular chip" from the front side;

In FIG. 2 - side view of the "Triangular chip";

In FIG. 3 - section AA.

The declared “Triangular Chip” (see Fig. 1-3) is a flat plastic base (1), having the shape of an equilateral triangle, on the front and back surfaces of which the same triangular recesses (2) are made, designed to be inserted into them with water marker images of various characters (letters, numbers) or icons (dots, checkmarks) during classes.

The following dimensions of this particular “Triangular Chip” are not signs that narrow the scope of legal protection, as they may change during the process of its creation.

The length of the side of the base (1) of the "Triangular chip" is 40-80 mm, and the thickness of the base (1) is 4-8 mm.

On the front and back surfaces of the base (1), triangular recess cells (2) of the same size are made, having the shape of equilateral triangles (see Figs. 1, 2).

The number of recess cells (2) on each of the surfaces of the base (1) can be: 4 (four), 9 (nine), 16 (sixteen), or 25 (twenty five) pieces.

The number and location of the cell-recesses (2) on each of the surfaces of the base (1) is the same.

All recess cells (2) have the same depth, which is 1-2 mm and are separated from each other and from the outer edges of the base (1) by jumpers (3) of the same width of 2-4 mm.

Thus, the design features of the cells-recesses (2), which are made below the surfaces of the base (1) provide the implementation of the following functions:

a) facilitate the process of entering various images into them for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor;

b) protect the images inscribed in the cell-recesses (2) from erasing when turning the "Triangular Chip" during the lesson.

 At the same time, the small depth of the cell-recesses (2) does not prevent the removal of images inscribed in them with a water marker, using a sponge designed to erase water markers.

An eye (4) with a through hole is made on the end surface of the base (1) in the region of one of the corners.

"The eye - a device on the side of various objects for more convenient lifting, holding, hanging, etc." (Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Efremova. The meaning of the word ear, found on 01.03.2020 on the Internet at https://www.efremova.info/word/ushko.html#.XkdSQxtn3IU).

The thickness of the eyelet (4) is 2-4 mm less than the thickness of the base (1), and its width is 6-10 mm. The diameter of the through hole is 3-7 mm.

Thus, the eyelet (4) provides the implementation of the following functions:

a) serves as a reference point for the same spatial arrangement of images inscribed during the lessons in the cell-recesses (2) of each of the sides of the base (1);

b) allows you to install a metal ring in it, which provides additional convenience when lifting the "Triangular chip" from a horizontal surface;

c) provides the possibility of threading a lace connecting several “Triangular chips” with each other, in the case of a group session with the simultaneous use of several “Triangular chips”.

For the convenience of lifting and holding the "Triangular chip" when it is turned over, notches (5) are made on the end surface of the base (1) (see Fig. 3).

For the convenience of practicing patients with a "Triangular chip", a mark (6) is applied (for example, with dark paint) to the front surface of the base (1), which can be made, for example, in the form of a circle.

For better perception by patients of the cells-recesses (2), they are highlighted in a color (for example, by means of paint) that differs from the color of the base (1).

Work with the utility model "Triangular chip with triangular cells for group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" is as follows.

Before starting classes, the specialist forms a group of two patients with approximately the same degree of visual and spatial memory impairment.

In this case, one of the patients in the group is appointed by the specialist forming the task, and the other patient is performing the task.

Further, the patient who forms the task, holding the “Triangular chip” located on the desktop by the edges, writes images of various symbols (letters, numbers) or icons (dots, checkmarks) into separate cells-recesses (2) of the front surface of the base (1) with a water marker )

Moreover, the total number of recess cells (2) into which the patient inscribes images, and the type of images is set by a specialist.

 After that, the patient performing the task, within the time interval specified by the specialist (from 20 seconds or more), remembers the images written in the cell-recesses (2) and their location, after which he turns the "Triangular chip" and tries to reproduce the images he remembered by entering them from memory to the corresponding cell-recesses (2) on the back surface of the base (1).

In case of difficulties, the patient performing the task may briefly turn the "Triangular chip", thus receiving a hint.

Verification of the correctness of the task is carried out by comparing the images inscribed in the cell-recesses (2) on the front and back surfaces of the base (1) of the “Triangular Chip”.

Further, all images inscribed in the cell-recesses (2) are deleted with a sponge to erase water markers, the patient forming the task, and the patient performing the task change roles and the entire sequence of actions is repeated a number of times specified by the specialist.

Along with the method described above, group exercises can be carried out by another method, based on the simultaneous use of several (from 2 to 5) “Triangular chips”.

In this case, the patient, forming the task, enters the images into separate cells-recesses (2) of several "Triangular chips", located in a row on the surface of the desktop, after which the patient, performing the task, for a specified time specialist (20 or more seconds) stores the image data and their location on each of the used "Triangular chips".

Further, the "Triangular chips" are turned over, and the patient performing the task should try to reproduce the images he remembered by writing them in memory into the corresponding cell-recesses (2) on the reverse surfaces of the used "Triangular chips".

Verification of the correctness of the tasks is carried out by sequentially comparing the images inscribed in the cell-recesses (2) on the front and back surfaces of the bases (1) of each “Triangular chip”.

For the convenience of practicing patients with several “Triangular chips”, a string connecting them to each other can be threaded through the eyelet (4) of each “Triangular chip”.

After mastering the work with the "Triangular chip" under the guidance of a specialist, patients get the opportunity to conduct independent group exercises with it.

Along with inscribing images in recess cells (2), classes can be carried out by another method, based on markers marking different colors of recess cells (2) with the front surface of the base (1), followed by markers of the same color marking the corresponding recess cells on the reverse surface bases (1).

The effectiveness of the use of the "Triangular chip" during classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual and spatial memory is ensured by the fact that the social process influences the mental sphere of patients in a neurological clinic through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition and Other important is the fact that in case of lack of motivation for classes in one patient group, it is prompted it to classes from the side of another patient.

Along with classes on the restoration of visual-spatial memory, the "Triangular chip" is also intended for use during classes on preventive training of visual-spatial memory, the main difference of which is a larger number of images entered into the cell-recesses (2) and a shorter time interval to remember them.

In addition, the "Round chip" can be effectively used in a number of other cases:

a) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children with impaired visual-spatial memory formation;

b) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

c) as a chip of a developmental game aimed at developing and training visual-spatial memory in healthy children;

d) as chips of a memory simulator for healthy people who want to improve their memory.

e) as a souvenir product, for example, a key chain, bags, which provides the opportunity to exercise visual-spatial memory in various conditions.

Thus, the "Triangular chip with triangular cells for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" due to its structural elements ensures the comfort and convenience of long-term courses of group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients with neurological clinics, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor.

The declared “Triangular chip” introduces an element of novelty into the training process, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients.

Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the "Triangular chip" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Claims (6)

1. A triangular chip with triangular cells for group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, characterized in that it contains a flat plastic base having the shape of an equilateral triangle, on the front and back surfaces of which the same triangular recess cells are made, having the shape of equilateral triangles, the number and location of which are the same on the front and back surfaces of the base, and on the end surface of the base made eye with a through hole. 2. The triangular chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of cells-recesses on each of the surfaces of the base can be: four, nine, sixteen or twenty-five pieces. 3. The triangular chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the cell-recesses are separated from each other and from the outer edges of the base by jumpers of the same width. 4. The triangular chip according to claim 1, characterized in that notches are made on the end surface of the base. 5. The triangular chip according to claim 1, characterized in that a mark is applied to the front surface of the base. 6. The triangular chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the cell-recesses are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

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