RU191578U1 - The simulator-plate for group exercises to restore motor functions of the hands, intellectual activity, as well as spatial memory by storing sequences - Google Patents

Abstract

Utility model A simulator-plate for group exercises in restoring the motor functions of the hands, intellectual activity, as well as spatial memory by the method of storing sequences refers to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting group exercises to restore the motor hand functions, intellectual activity and spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic organic lesions of the brain of various etiologies. A useful model contains a plastic base (1) in the form of a rectangular plate, on the narrow sides of which two handles (2) are made, and the front and back surfaces of the base (1) are made of the same size, quantity and the location of the cell-recesses (3) of square shape, arranged in horizontal rows, the number of which on each of the surfaces of the base (1) is the same as the same number of cells-recesses (3) in each horizontal in the first row, while the cell-recesses (3) are separated from each other and from the edges of the base (1) by jumpers (4), and a mark (5) is applied to the front surface of the base (1). Thus, the simulator plate due to its of structural elements provides the possibility of conducting group exercises to restore the motor functions of the hands, intellectual activity, as well as spatial memory by storing sequences with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and hand tremor, without the use of additional elements such as chip magnets. The inventive simulator plate introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation sessions with patients, turning them into interesting and attractive training for patients. Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the simulator plate can be widely used in clinical practice.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments when conducting group exercises with patients in a neurological clinic, to restore the motor functions of the hands, intellectual activity, as well as spatial memory by storing sequences.

Of great importance for the effectiveness of restorative education are the forms of its organization used during classes with patients with disorders of various mental and motor functions.

Methods and forms of organizing rehabilitation education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for maximizing the use of all human capabilities and abilities, using the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M .; Moscow -Social Institute of Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, p. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of rehabilitation education, which is based on the use of social factors, is the group form of classes, which helps to increase the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental and motor functions, expanding and complementing individual lessons with a specialist and independent studies of patients during their stay in a neurological clinic.

Group lessons allow you to realize primarily the activity of communication and impact on the patient’s personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 9).

According to Marvin Shaw, a specialist in group dynamics, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (Myers D. Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997).

Thus, the use of the group form of classes helps to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation training when working on the restoration of various mental functions, including intellectual activity and spatial memory, as well as motor functions, including motor functions of the hands of patients in a neurological clinic.

In domestic psychology, intellectual activity or thinking is considered as a specific but complex mental activity that has its own structure and functions (L. S. Tsvetkova, Neuropsychological rehabilitation of patients. Speech and intellectual activity, M.: Publishing House of the Moscow Polytechnic Institute, Voronezh: Modek, 2004 , p. 317).

The normal intellectual process can be disturbed in case of focal brain lesions caused by various neurological diseases, associated primarily with damage to the tertiary parieto-temporal-occipital or frontal parts of the cerebral cortex.

One of the common methods used for group sessions on the restoration of intellectual activity is the traditional game “Tic-Tac-Toe,” which ensures that patients are included in the process of solving various problems that arise during the course of game activity.

So, from the existing level of technology, the device “Lid simulator for group exercises to restore hand movements and intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic” is known (Patent RU 176720 U1, published January 25, 2018).

Structurally, this device is a square plastic base with sizes from 450 × 450 mm to 600 × 600 mm, on both sides of which are fields for the game “Tic-Tac-Toe,” consisting of nine or sixteen square-sized identical cells, in the center of each of which a cylindrical protrusion is made with an external thread designed for winding metal chip caps containing images of “crosses” and “zeroes”.

Thus, this device provides the ability to simultaneously restore hand movements and intellectual activity in patients with a neurological clinic due to the fact that the traditional game “Tic-Tac-Toe” is used as a method aimed at restoring intellectual activity, and as a method aimed at restoring movements of the wrist is used to wind on the cylindrical protrusions of the caps-chips.

 The disadvantages of this device when used for classes to restore motor functions of the hands, intellectual activity, as well as spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the limited capabilities of this device when it is used to restore the motor functions of the hands, as it is intended for classes to restore the movements of the hand;

b) this device does not provide the ability to conduct classes to restore spatial memory;

c) the need to use additional elements in the form of caps-chips.

Along with impaired intellectual activity, patients with a neurological clinic often have impaired memory, one of which is spatial memory.

Spatial memory is a type of memory aimed at remembering the spatial location of objects, people, physical stimuli (National Psychological Encyclopedia, Spatial memory, found on June 20, 2019 on the Internet at http://vocabulary.ru/termin/prostranstvennaja-pamjat .html).

One of the methods used for classes on the restoration of spatial memory is a method based on storing sequences.

So, from the existing level of technology it is known "Device simulator for group classes to restore memory in patients of a neurological clinic with the method of storing sequences" (Patent RU 175149 U1, published on November 23, 2017).

This device consists of two rectangular cases containing the same working plates with magnet chips, which may differ in color or images on their surface.

During classes with this device, one of the patients installs magnet chips on the working plate of one of the buildings in a certain sequence, which the other patient should try to remember and reproduce from memory on the working plate of the other case, using similar magnet chips.

The disadvantages of this device when used for classes to restore motor functions of the hands, intellectual activity, as well as spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) this device is not intended for classes to restore motor functions of the hands;

b) this device is not intended for classes to restore intellectual activity;

c) the need to use additional elements in the form of chips-magnets.

In order to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings, a Simulator-plate was developed for group exercises to restore the motor functions of the hands, intellectual activity, as well as spatial memory by storing sequences ”(hereinafter referred to as the simulator-plate).

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) the possibility of conducting classes aimed at the simultaneous restoration of motor processes, in particular the motor functions of the hands, and mental processes, in particular intellectual activity and spatial memory;

b) the lack of need for the use of additional elements such as chip-magnets due to the fact that patients enter images using an easily erasable water marker in the cells of the simulator plate;

c) providing the possibility of conducting classes for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor due to the fact that the cells are made in the form of recesses that do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

d) the simplicity of the design of the simulator plate, contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the functionality of the "Device-simulator for group exercises to restore memory in patients of a neurological clinic by the method of storing sequences," provided by the structural elements of the claimed trainer-plate, providing the possibility of group exercises to restore motor functions of the hands, intellectual activity as well as spatial memory by storing sequences with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands, without the use of additional elements such as chip magnets.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the simulator plate contains a base made of plastic in the form of a rectangular plate, on the narrow sides of which two handles are made, and on the front and back surfaces of the base are made the same in size, number and location of the square cell-recesses forms arranged in horizontal rows, the number of which on each of the surfaces of the base is the same as the same number of cells-recesses in each horizontal row, n In this case, the recess cells are separated from each other and from the base edges by jumpers, and a mark is applied to the front surface of the base.

In a preferred embodiment, the simulator plate, the number of horizontal rows of cells, recesses is 2-3 rows.

In a preferred embodiment, the simulator plate, the number of cells, recesses in each horizontal row is 5-12 pieces.

In a preferred embodiment, the simulator plate, the label is made in the form of a circle.

In a preferred embodiment of the simulator plate, the cell recesses are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

The essence of the utility model The simulator-plate for group exercises to restore the motor functions of the hands, intellectual activity, as well as spatial memory by storing sequences ”is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 is a general view of the simulator plate;

In FIG. 2 - view of the simulator plate from the side of the handle.

The claimed simulator plate (see Fig. 1, 2) is a plastic base (1) made in the form of a rectangular plate, on two opposite sides of which two identical hollow handles (2) are made, and on the front and back surfaces of the base ( 1) recess cells (3) were made, intended for inscribing images in them in the form of icons (“crosses” and “zeroes”), symbols (letters and numbers), geometric shapes, multidirectional arrows using an easily erasable water marker.

The dimensions of this particular simulator-plate indicated below are not signs narrowing the scope of legal protection, since they can change during its creation.

The length of the base (1) of the simulator plate is 120-280 mm, the width is 50-80 mm, and the thickness is 4-7 mm.

Handles (2) are made in the center of each of the narrow sides of the base (1) and have a conical shape 80-100 mm long with a diameter at the end of 20-25 mm and a wall thickness of 2-3 mm.

On the front and back surfaces of the base (1), square-shaped cells-recesses (3), identical in size, quantity and location, are arranged, which are arranged in horizontal rows (see Fig. 1).

The number of horizontal rows on each of the base surfaces (1) is the same and is 2-3 rows, and the number of recess cells (3) in each horizontal row is the same and is 5-12 pieces.

Cells-recesses (3) have the same depth equal to 1-2 mm and are separated from each other and from the edges of the base (1) by jumpers (4) of the same width of 2-4 mm.

The recess cells (3) made in this way facilitate the process of inscribing various images into them with a water marker, since the inscription takes place strictly within the recess cell (3), which makes it possible to conduct exercises with the plate simulator for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands.

Moreover, the small depth of the cell-recesses (3) does not prevent the removal of images inscribed in them with a water marker, with the help of a sponge designed to erase water markers.

Thus, the cell-recesses (3) located on both surfaces of the base (1) form a single playing field, providing the possibility of conducting classes to restore the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity, as well as the possibility of conducting classes to restore the motor functions of the hands and spatial memory by storing sequences.

For the convenience of practicing patients with a simulator plate, a mark (5) is applied (for example, with dark paint) to the front surface of the base (1), which can be made, for example, in the form of a circle.

For better perception by patients of the cells-recesses (3), they are highlighted in a color (for example, by means of paint) that differs from the color of the base (1) of the simulator plate.

Work with the "simulator-plate for group exercises to restore the motor functions of the hands, intellectual activity, as well as spatial memory by storing sequences" is carried out as follows.

Before the start of the lesson on the restoration of the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity, the specialist forms a group of two patients with approximately the same degree of violation of these processes.

Next, one of the patients, holding the simulator plate with his hand with a traffic violation by one of the pens (2), inscribes with an easily erasable water marker the image of a “cross” in one of the cell-recesses (3) located on one of the base surfaces (1).

After that, the simulator plate is transferred to another patient, who takes it with a hand with impaired movement (restoration of motor functions of the hand) by the other handle (2) and performs the next move (restoration of intellectual activity), writing the image of the “zero” in another cell-recess (3 ), which can be located on one of the two surfaces of the base (1).

Thus, during the training, the simulator plate is constantly transferred from one patient to another patient (restoration of motor functions of the arm), each of which takes it with his hand and holds (restoration of motor functions of the arm) by one of the handles (2).

At the same time, before each new move (restoration of intellectual activity), patients are forced to make various movements, such as tilting, turning (restoring the motor functions of the arm) with a simulator plate, allowing them to see both surfaces of the base (1) with recess cells (3), which are inscribed icons.

The game ends with the victory of one of the patients, who, in accordance with the rules of the game “Tic-tac-toe”, made up a series of several “crosses” or “tac-toe”, which can be located on both surfaces of the base (1), or in a draw, when to make a row failed to any of the patients.

Along with the traditional rules of the game “Tic-tac-toe”, other rules can be used during classes with the simulator plate.

After completion of the game, all images of “crosses” and “zeroes” entered by patients in the cell-indentations (3) are deleted with a sponge to erase water markers.

If the lesson conducted with the simulator-plate is aimed at restoring the motor functions of the hands and spatial memory by storing sequences, the specialist also forms a group of two patients with approximately the same degree of violation of these processes.

In this case, one of the patients in the group is appointed by the specialist forming the task, and the other patient is performing the task.

Further, the patient, forming the task, holding the simulator plate with his hand with a traffic violation by one of the handles (2), writes various images (symbols, geometric shapes, multidirectional arrows) with a water marker into the cell-recesses (3) on the front surface of the base (1) ), the type and quantity of which is set by a specialist and in the initial stages of training is 2-4 images.

 After that, the simulator plate is transferred to the patient performing the task, who, holding it by the handle (2) (restoring the motor functions of the arm) for a period of time specified by the specialist (from 20 seconds or more), remembers the sequence of images (restoration of spatial memory) inscribed in cell recesses (3) on the front surface of the base (1).

Then, the patient performing the task turns the simulator plate (restoring the motor functions of the hand) face down and tries to reproduce from memory (restoring spatial memory) the sequence of images he remembered in the cell-recesses (3) on the back surface of the base (1).

In case of difficulty, the patient performing the task can briefly turn the simulator plate (restoration of the motor functions of the arm), thus receiving a hint.

Verification of the correctness of the task is carried out by comparing the images inscribed in the cell-recesses (3) on the front and back surfaces of the base (1) due to one or more turns of the simulator plate (restoration of motor functions of the arm).

Further, all the images inscribed in the cell-recesses (3) are deleted with a sponge to erase the water markers, the patient forming the task, and the patient performing the task change roles, and the whole sequence of actions is repeated a number of times specified by the specialist.

Thus, in the course of the restoration of spatial memory, the simulator plate is constantly transferred (restoration of the motor functions of the arm) from one patient to another patient, each of whom takes and holds him (restoration of the motor functions of the arm) by one of the handles (2).

At the same time, in the course of this activity, each patient is forced to carry out various hand movements with a simulator plate (restoring the motor functions of the arm), providing the ability to see images inscribed in the cell-recesses (3) on both surfaces of the base (1).

After mastering the work with the simulator plate under the guidance of a specialist, patients get the opportunity to conduct independent group exercises.

Along with the use of a plate simulator for group exercises to restore the motor functions of the hands, intellectual activity and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic, it can be widely used in the following cases:

a) when conducting classes to restore the motor functions of the hands impaired due to various other diseases, for example, hand injuries, the consequences of surgical operations;

b) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children who have impaired formation of motor functions of the hands, intellectual activity and spatial memory;

c) during neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

d) as a developing simulator of intellectual activity and spatial memory for healthy children;

e) as an original gaming device that implements a variant of the game “Tic-tac-toe” on the working field in the form of a double-sided plate.

Thus, the simulator plate due to its structural elements provides the possibility of conducting group exercises to restore the motor functions of the hands, intellectual activity, as well as spatial memory by storing sequences with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor, without the use of additional elements such as chip magnets.

The inventive simulator plate introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into an interesting and attractive training for patients.

Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the simulator plate can be widely used in clinical practice.

Claims (5)

1. A simulator plate for group exercises to restore the motor functions of the hands, intellectual activity, as well as spatial memory by the method of storing sequences, characterized in that it contains a base made of plastic in the form of a rectangular plate, on the narrow sides of which two handles are made, and on the front and back surfaces of the base are made of the same size, number and location of the cell-recesses square in shape, arranged in horizontal rows, count honors which on each of the surfaces of the same base as the same number of cells, the recesses in each horizontal row, the cell-recesses are separated each other and the base from the edges of the webs, and the front surface of the base is marked. 2. The simulator plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of horizontal rows of recess cells is 2-3 rows. 3. The simulator plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of recess cells in each horizontal row is 5-12 pieces. 4. The simulator plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the mark is made in the form of a circle. 5. The simulator plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the cell-recesses are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

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