RU192703U1 - Hexagon simulator for group classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in hexagonal cells - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “Hexagon simulator for group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in hexagonal cells” relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group classes in restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic with organic pores the brain of various etiologies. The useful model contains a plastic base (1) made in the shape of a regular hexagon, a hollow handle (2) is made in one of the corners, and nineteen identical hexagonal cells are made on the front and back sides of the base (1) -deeps (3), each of which has the shape of a regular hexagon, and their spatial arrangement on both sides of the base (1) is the same and is made in the form of five vertical rows consisting of: a central row, including containing five recess cells (3), to the left and right of which are two intermediate rows symmetrically containing four recess cells (3), and two extreme rows containing three recess cells (3), all recess cells (3) have the same depth and are separated from each other by jumpers (4) of the same width, and a mark (5) is applied to the front side of the base (1). Thus, the “hexagon simulator” makes it possible due to its structural elements conducting group recovery classes and professional illactic training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands, without the use of additional elements such as chip magnets and work cards. The declared “hexagon simulator” introduces an element into the process of rehabilitation exercises with patients novelties, turning them into interesting and attractive psychological training for patients. Thanks to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the "hexagon simulator It can be widely used in clinical practice.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

Of great importance for the effectiveness of rehabilitation education are the forms of its organization, which are used during classes with patients at a neurological clinic who have disorders of various mental functions.

Methods and forms of organization of restorative education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for maximizing the use of all human capabilities and abilities, using the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow psychological -Social Institute of Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, p. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of rehabilitation education, which is based on the use of the social environment and other social factors, is the group form of classes, which helps to increase the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental functions, expanding and complementing individual lessons with a specialist and independent studies of patients while they are in a neurological clinic .

Group lessons allow you to realize primarily the activity of communication and impact on the patient’s personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 9).

According to Marvin Shaw, a specialist in group dynamics, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (Myers D. Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997).

The use of the group form of classes helps to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation training when working on the restoration of various types of memory in patients with a neurological clinic, including visuospatial memory.

Like other types of human memory, visual-spatial memory is impaired in organic brain lesions caused by various neurological diseases.

Currently, various devices and simulators are used for classes to restore impaired visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic.

So from the existing level of technology it is known "Device simulator for the formation of tasks during classes to restore visual and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic" (Patent RU 169473 U1, published 03/21/2017).

Structurally, this device consists of a plastic casing, the inner space of which is divided into cells in each of which four LEDs of different colors are located, and in the upper part of the casing there is a working plate under which an internal cavity is located, into which work cards containing various images are placed (geometric figures , multidirectional arrows) made in white on a dark background. Images hidden from the patient become visible on the working plate after they are randomly illuminated by LEDs of different colors. The patient needs to remember the location and color of each geometric figure, and after turning off the LEDs, mark them with a marker on the surface of the working plate from memory.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory are:

a) this device is not intended for use during group lessons to restore visual-spatial memory;

b) the need to use additional elements in the form of work cards containing tasks for memorization;

c) the structural complexity of this device, which includes various electronic components: LEDs, switches, battery, etc.

Also known from the existing level of technology is the device “Magnetic simulator for training to restore spatial perception in patients with a neurological clinic” (Patent RU 186615 U1, published January 24, 2019).

Structurally, this device consists of a hexagonal-shaped plastic case, on the bottom of which there is a metal working plate with a marking in the form of hexagonal cells, in which there are magnet chips that differ in color.

During classes with this device, work cards are used that contain the image of the work plate with separate cells selected, the location of which the patient must reproduce on the work plate by moving the magnet chips.

 The disadvantages of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory are:

a) this device is not intended for use during group classes with patients;

b) the inconvenience of using this device during classes to restore visual-spatial memory, since it was originally intended to restore spatial perception;

c) the need to use additional elements in the form of chip-magnets and work cards containing tasks for memorization.

In order to overcome the above drawbacks, the “Hexagon simulator for group exercises for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by the method of storing images in hexagonal cells” was developed (hereinafter referred to as the “hexagon simulator”).

 The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) providing the possibility of conducting group exercises to restore visual and spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic by storing images in hexagonal cells;

b) providing the possibility of conducting group exercises aimed at the preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic with a slight violation of this mental function;

c) the absence of the need to use additional elements such as work cards due to the fact that the formation of tasks is carried out directly by the patients themselves;

d) the absence of the need to use additional elements such as chip-magnets due to the fact that patients enter various images into hexagonal cells;

e) providing the possibility of conducting classes for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremors due to the fact that the hexagonal cells are made in the form of recesses that do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

e) the simplicity of the design of the "simulator-hexagon", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the functionality of the “Magnetic simulator for classes to restore spatial perception in patients of a neurological clinic”, provided by the structural elements of the claimed “hexagon simulator”, which allow conducting group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide range of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor, without the use of additional elements such as chip magnets and work cards.

This technical result is ensured due to the fact that the "hexagon simulator" contains a plastic base having the shape of a regular hexagon, a hollow handle is made in one of the corners, and nineteen identical hexagonal recesses are made on the front and back sides of the base, each of which has the shape of a regular hexagon, and their spatial arrangement on both sides of the base is the same and is made in the form of five vertical rows consisting of: central a row consisting of five recess cells, to the left and right of which are two intermediate rows symmetrically containing four recess cells, and two extreme rows containing three recess cells, while all recess cells have the same depth and are separated from each other by jumpers of the same width, and a mark is applied to the front side of the base.

In a preferred embodiment of the "hexagon simulator" the mark is made in the form of a circle.

In a preferred embodiment of the “hexagon simulator”, the recess cells are highlighted in a color different from the base color.

The essence of the utility model "Hexagon simulator for group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in hexagonal cells" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 is a general view of a "hexagon simulator";

In FIG. 2 - view of the "hexagon simulator" from the side of the handle.

The inventive "simulator-hexagon" is (see Fig. 1, 2) made of plastic base (1), having the shape of a regular hexagon (hexagon), in one of the corners of which a hollow handle (2) is made, and on the front and back on the sides of the base (1), 19 (nineteen) identical hexagonal cells-recesses (3) are made for inscribing various images in the form of symbols (letters, numbers), geometric shapes, multidirectional arrows using an easily erasable water marker.

The dimensions of this particular “hexagon simulator” listed below are not signs of narrowing the scope of legal protection, as they may change during its creation.

The distance between the opposite sides of the base (1) of the "hexagon simulator" is 100-150 mm, and its thickness is 4-8 mm.

The handle (2) has a conical shape with a length of 80-100 mm, with a diameter at the end of 20-25 mm and a wall thickness of 2-3 mm.

Each recess cell (3) has the shape of a regular hexagon, and their spatial arrangement on the front and back sides of the base (1) is the same and is made in the form of five vertical rows, consisting of: a central row, including 5 (five) recess cells (3), to the left and to the right of which two intermediate rows are symmetrically located, each containing 4 (four) recess cells (3), and two extreme rows containing 3 (three) recess cells (3).

Moreover, all the cell-recesses (3) have the same depth, which is 1-2 mm and are separated from each other by jumpers (4) of the same width equal to 2-4 mm.

Thus, the design features of the cells-recesses (3), which are made below the surfaces of the base (1) facilitate the process of entering various images into them for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor. Moreover, the small depth of the cell-recesses (3) does not prevent the removal of images inscribed in them with a water marker, with the help of a sponge designed to erase water markers.

For the convenience of practicing patients with a "hexagon simulator", a mark (5) is applied on the front side of the base (1), which can be made, for example, in the form of a circle.

For better perception by patients of the cells-recesses (3), they are highlighted in a color (for example, by means of paint) that differs from the color of the base (1) of the “hexagon simulator”.

Work with the "Hexagon simulator for group classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in hexagonal cells" is as follows.

Before starting classes, the specialist forms a group of two patients with approximately the same degree of visual and spatial memory impairment.

In this case, one of the patients in the group is appointed by the specialist forming the task, and the other patient is performing the task.

Further, the patient, forming the task, holding the “hexagon simulator” by the handle (2), writes images with symbols (letters, numbers), geometric shapes, multidirectional arrows into the cell-recesses (3) of the front side of the base (1) with a water marker , the total number and type of which is set by the specialist.

 After that, the "hexagon simulator" is transferred to the patient performing the task, who, holding it by the handle (2), during the time interval specified by the specialist (from 20 seconds or more) remembers the front side of the base written in the recesses (3) (1) ) images and their spatial location.

Then, the patient performing the task turns the “hexagon simulator” with the front side of the base (1) down, and then tries to reproduce from memory the images he remembered in the cell-recesses (3) of the back side of the base (1).

In case of difficulties, the patient performing the task can briefly turn the "hexagon simulator", thus receiving a hint.

Verification of the correctness of the assignment is carried out by comparing the images inscribed in the cell-recesses (3) of the front and back sides of the base (1) due to one or more rotations of the “hexagon simulator” held by the handle (2).

Further, all images inscribed in the cell-recesses (3) are deleted with a sponge to erase water markers, the patient forming the task, and the patient performing the task change roles and the entire sequence of actions is repeated a number of times specified by the specialist.

Along with the method described above, group exercises can be carried out by another method, based on the simultaneous use of two identical “hexagon simulators”.

In this case, each patient holding the used “hexagon simulator” by the handle (2), inscribes the images into the cell-recesses (3) of the front side of the base (1), after which both patients, for a time specified by a specialist (from 20 and more than seconds) remember images inscribed with each other.

Further, each of the patients tries to reproduce from memory the images stored in them by writing them into the cell-recesses (3) of the back side of the base (1) of the used “hexagon simulator”.

 Verification of the correctness of the tasks is carried out by comparing the images on the front side of the base (1) of the "hexagon simulator" of one patient and the reverse side of the base (1) of the "hexagon simulator" of another patient.

After mastering the work with the "hexagon simulator" under the guidance of a specialist, patients get the opportunity to conduct independent group exercises with him.

As patients achieve positive results in the restoration of visual and spatial memory, a gradual complication of exercises occurs by:

a) increasing the number of images that fit into the cell-recesses (3) of the front side of the base (1);

b) reducing the time interval during which images are stored in recess cells (3).

Along with classes in the restoration of visual-spatial memory, the “hexagon simulator” is also intended for use in the course of preventive training of visual-spatial memory, the main difference of which is a greater number of stored images and shorter memory time.

In addition, the "hexagon simulator" can be effectively used in a number of other cases:

a) when conducting correctional and developing classes with children with impaired formation of visual-spatial memory;

b) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

c) as a developmental game aimed at developing and training visual-spatial memory in healthy children;

d) as a memory simulator for healthy people who want to improve visual-spatial memory.

Thus, the “Hexagon simulator for group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in hexagonal cells” due to its structural elements provides the possibility of conducting group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients with neurological clinics, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor, without the use of an adjunct s-elements type magnets chips and working cards.

The claimed “hexagon simulator” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into interesting and attractive psychological training for patients.

Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the hexagon simulator can be widely used in clinical practice.

Claims (3)

1. Hexagon simulator for group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in hexagonal cells, characterized in that it contains a base made of plastic, having the shape of a regular hexagon, in one of the corners of which a hollow handle is made, and on on the front and back sides of the base there are nineteen identical hexagonal recess cells, each of which has the shape of a regular hexagon, and their The random arrangement on both sides of the base is the same and is made in the form of five vertical rows, consisting of: a central row, which includes five recess cells, to the left and to the right of which two intermediate rows are symmetrically located, each containing four recess cells, and two extreme rows containing three cells-recesses, while all cell-recesses have the same depth and are separated from each other by jumpers of the same width, and a mark is applied to the front side of the base. 2. The hexagon simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the mark is made in the form of a circle. 3. The hexagon simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the cell-recesses are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

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