RU196445U1 - Simulator plate with Roman numerals for group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “A simulator-plate with Roman numerals for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group classes in the restoration and preventive training visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic. A useful model contains a flat plastic base (1) straight coal-shaped, on the opposite end surfaces of which two identical handles (2a, 2b) are made, and on the front and back sides of the base (1) a number of numbers (3) are made, each of which consists of Roman numerals (4) and two horizontal elements ( 5), which are located above and below the Roman numerals (4) of each number (3), and the numbers (3) themselves are located on the front side of the base (1) in the same sequence, and on the back of the base (1) the same numbers are located ( 3) in a different sequence; the Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements (5) are made in the form of recesses of the same depth, and the mark (6) is applied to the front side of the base (1). Thus, the “Trainer-plate” due to its structural elements provides the possibility of long-term group training courses for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremors. a ”introduces an element of novelty into the process of restorative studies with patients, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training. Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the“ Simulator-plate ”can be widely used in clinical practice, as well as in various fields of practical psychology and pedagogy.

Description

Roman plate simulator

for group classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

Of great importance for the effectiveness of rehabilitation education are the forms of its organization used during classes with patients at a neurological clinic who have disorders of various mental functions.

Methods and forms of organization of restorative education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for maximizing the use of all human capabilities and abilities, using the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow psychologist -Social Institute of Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, p. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of rehabilitation education, which is based on the use of the social environment and other social factors, is the group form of classes, which helps to increase the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental functions, expanding and complementing individual lessons with a specialist and independent studies of patients while they are in a neurological clinic .

Group classes allow you to realize primarily the activity of communication and impact on the patient’s personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 9).

According to the specialist in group dynamics, Marvin Shaw, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (Myers D. Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997).

The use of the group form of classes helps to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation training when working on the restoration of various types of memory in patients with a neurological clinic, including visuospatial memory.

Like other types of human memory, visual-spatial memory is impaired in organic brain lesions caused by various neurological diseases.

Currently, various devices and simulators are used for classes to restore impaired visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

So, from the existing level of technology, the device is known as a "simulator-plate for classes in the restoration of visual and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic" (Patent RU 183174 U1 from 09/12/2018).

Structurally, this device is a plastic plate, in the bottom of which is made a cell-recess of circular shape, around which are located the cell-recesses in the form of annular sectors.

During classes with this device, work cards are used with the image of similar cells, some of which are highlighted. The patient needs to remember the color and location of the selected cells and, from memory, write with a marker the letters denoting the colors of the selected cells into similar cell-recesses of the device.

 The disadvantages of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory are:

a) this device is not intended for use during group classes;

b) the need to use additional elements in the form of work cards containing tasks for memorization.

Also, the device "Hexagon simulator with linear and hexagonal recesses for group exercises for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" is known from the existing level of technology (Patent RU 192638 U1 from 09.24.2019).

Structurally, this device is a flat base of a hexagonal shape, in one of the corners of which there is a handle, and on both surfaces of the base there are linear and hexagonal recesses into which one of the patients writes lines and icons (check marks, dots, etc.), after which the other the patient remembers the location of the inscribed lines and icons and reproduces them from memory in linear and hexagonal depressions on another surface of the base.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the device “Rectangle simulator for group exercises for the restoration and preventive training of visual memory by the method of storing colorings of images” is known (Patent RU 194299 U1 dated 05.12.2019).

Structurally, this device is a rectangular base, in the center of one of the sides of which there is a handle, and protruding lines are made on both surfaces of the base, forming images consisting of various elements.

During classes, one of the patients paints the image elements on one of the sides of the base using colored water markers, after which the other patient remembers the coloring of these elements and reproduces it from memory, coloring the image elements on the other surface of the base in similar colors.

However, prolonged work with each of the above devices leads to addiction in patients and a decrease in interest in classes, which helps to reduce the effectiveness of recovery and preventive training of visual-spatial memory.

In order to overcome the above drawbacks and increase the variety of devices for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, which maintains the interest of patients in the process of classes, a "simulator plate with Roman numerals for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory ”(hereinafter referred to as the“ simulator-plate ”).

The peculiarity of the declared “Trainer-plate” is that classes with it are based on the use of Roman numerals, which are one of the sign systems for writing numbers (Wikipedia. Figures, found January 18, 2020 on the Internet at https: // en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digits).

In this character system, numbers are written by repeating Roman numerals. At the same time, if a larger digit is before a smaller one, then they add up (the principle of addition), while a smaller one is before a larger one, the smaller one is subtracted from the larger one (subtraction principle). (Wikipedia. Roman numerals, found on January 18, 2020 on the Internet at https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_digits).

An important feature of Roman numerals, which makes it possible to use them effectively during rehabilitation and preventive classes, is that the numbers they form have a spatial structure that consists of several Roman numerals (except when a number is denoted by one Roman numeral, for example, “ I ”,“ V ”,“ X ”) and two horizontal lines uniting them, which are located above and below the Roman numerals forming the number.

Therefore, the use of Roman numerals as a working material will help increase the interest of patients in the process of training and increase the effectiveness of recovery and preventive training of visual-spatial memory.

 The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) providing the possibility of conducting group exercises on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic;

b) maintaining the interest of patients in the learning process through the use of a new device;

c) the absence of the need to use additional elements such as work cards due to the fact that the formation of tasks is carried out directly by the patients themselves;

d) providing the possibility of conducting long-term training courses on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory;

e) providing the possibility of conducting classes for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor due to the performance of Roman numerals in the recesses, which do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

e) the simplicity of the design of the "simulator-plate", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to expand the arsenal of devices designed for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, which helps to maintain the interest of patients in the process of classes and is provided due to the structural elements of the declared "simulator-plate", allowing for long-term courses of group exercises for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients x neurological clinics, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the availability of hand tremor.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the "simulator-plate" contains a flat plastic base of a rectangular shape, on the opposite end surfaces of which two identical handles are made, and on the front and back sides of the base there are a number of numbers, each of which consists of Roman numerals and two horizontal elements that are located above and below the Roman numerals of each number, and the numbers themselves are located on the front side of the base in the same sequence, and on the back of the base the same numbers are arranged in a different sequence; while the Roman numerals and horizontal elements are made in the form of recesses of the same depth, and a mark is applied to the front side of the base.

In the preferred embodiment of the "simulator-plate", each handle has an arched shape.

In a preferred embodiment of the "simulator-plate" the thickness of each handle is equal to the thickness of the base.

In a preferred embodiment of the "simulator-plate" the label is made in the form of a circle.

In the preferred version of the "simulator-plate" Roman numerals and horizontal elements are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

The essence of the utility model "The simulator-plate with Roman numerals for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - view of the "simulator-plate" from the front side;

In FIG. 2 - view of the "simulator-plate" from the back.

The claimed "simulator-plate" (see Fig. 1, 2) is a flat plastic base (1) of a rectangular shape, on the opposite end surfaces of which are made two identical handles (2a, 2b), and on the front and back sides of the base (1 ) a number of numbers (3) were executed, each of which consists of Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements uniting them (5).

In this case, the Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements (5) are made in the form of recesses intended for inscribing lines into them by means of an easily erasable water marker during the classes.

The dimensions indicated below for this particular “Plate-Trainer” are not signs of narrowing the scope of legal protection, as they may change in the process of its creation.

The dimensions of the base (1) of the "simulator-plate" is 50-80x100-200 mm, and the thickness of the base (1) is 4-8 mm.

Each handle (2a, 2b) have an arched shape with a clearance made inside.

The width of each handle (2a, 2b) is 50-80 mm, the height is 20-30 mm, and the thickness is equal to the thickness of the base (1).

The total number of numbers (3) on each side of the base (1) is the same and is 2-8 pieces.

Each number (3) consists of several Roman numerals (4) and two horizontal elements (5), combining the Roman numerals (4) into a specific number.

In this case, one of the horizontal elements (5) is located above the Roman numerals (4) of each number (3), and the other under the given Roman numerals (4).

Numbers (3), consisting of Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements (5), are located on the front of the base (1) in one sequence, and on the back of the base (1) are the same numbers (3), but in the other sequence.

The width of the jumpers between Roman numerals (4), as well as between Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements (5) is 2-6 mm.

The recesses in which Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements (5) are made have the same depth, which is 1-2 mm.

Thus, the design features of Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements (5), which are made in the form of recesses, provide the convenience of highlighting them with water markers and make the training process accessible for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor. However, the small depth of the recesses does not prevent the removal of traces of the water marker by means of a sponge designed to erase water markers.

For the convenience of practicing patients with the “Trainer-plate”, on the front side of the base (1) a mark (6) is applied (for example, with dark paint), which can be made, for example, in the form of a circle.

For a better perception by patients of Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements (5), they are highlighted in a color (for example, by means of paint) that differs from the color of the base (1) of the “Trainer-plate”.

Work with the claimed utility model “A simulator-plate with Roman numerals for group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” is carried out as follows.

Before the start of classes, the specialist forms a group of two patients who have approximately the same degree of visual and spatial memory impairment, one of which is appointed by the specialist forming the task, and the other patient - performing the task.

At the same time, it is important for a specialist to take into account the fact that for patients with Roman numerals, tasks generated by the "Plate simulator" are simpler than for patients who are not familiar with Roman numerals.

Further, the patient, forming the task, holding the “Trainer-plate” by the upper handle (2a), selects on the front side of the base (1) a certain number of Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements (5) of various numbers (3) by inscribing into them lines with a water marker.

Moreover, the number of selected Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements (5) is determined by a specialist and increases as patients achieve positive results.

After that, the “Simulator-plate” is transferred to the patient performing the task, who takes him by the lower handle (2b), and during the time interval specified by the specialist (from 20 seconds or more) remembers the location of the selected Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements ( 5) on the front side of the base (1).

Then, the patient performing the task turns the “Simulator-plate” face down (1) down and takes his other hand by the upper handle (2a), after which he tries to reproduce the location of the selected Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements (5), writing from memory with a water marker lines in the corresponding Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements (5) on the back of the base (1).

In the event of difficulties, the patient performing the task can briefly turn the "simulator-plate", thus receiving a hint.

Verification of the correctness of the assignment is carried out by directly comparing the location of the selected Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements (5) on the front and back sides of the base (1) due to one or more turns of the “Trainer-plate” held by one of the handles (2a, 2b).

Further, all traces of water markers are removed with a sponge designed to be erased, the patient forming the task, and the patient performing the task change roles and the entire sequence of actions is repeated the number of times specified by the specialist.

Along with the method described above, group exercises can be carried out by another method, based on the simultaneous use of two "Trainers-plates".

In this case, each patient, holding the “Simulator-plate” used by the upper handle (2a), selects the number of Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements (5) set by the specialist on the front side of the base (1), after which both patients show each a friend uses the “Trainers-plates” and during the time interval set by the specialist (from 20 seconds or more), remember the location of the selected Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements (5).

Further, each patient tries to reproduce from memory the selected Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements (5), highlighting the corresponding Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements (5) with a water marker on the back of the base (1) of the used “Exercise Machine-Plate”.

Verification of the correctness of the assignment is carried out by alternately comparing the selected Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements (5) on the front side of the base (1) of the “Trainer-plate” of one patient and the reverse side of the base (1) of the “Trainer-plate” of another patient.

After mastering the work with the "Simulator-plate" under the guidance of a specialist, patients get the opportunity to conduct independent group exercises with him.

As patients achieve positive results in the restoration of visual and spatial memory, the task is complicated by:

a) an increase in the number of Roman numerals allocated by patients (4) and horizontal elements (5) on the front side of the base (1);

b) the use of multi-colored markers that highlight Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements (5);

c) reducing the time interval during which the selected Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements (5) are stored.

Along with classes on the restoration of visual-spatial memory, the "Simulator-plate" is also intended for use during the preventive training of visual-spatial memory, the main difference of which is an increase in the number of Roman numerals (4) and horizontal elements allocated for memorizing (5), and also reducing the time interval for remembering their location.

In addition, the "Simulator-plate" can be effectively used in a number of other cases:

a) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children with impaired visual-spatial memory formation;

b) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

c) as a developmental game aimed at developing and training visual-spatial memory in healthy children;

d) as a memory simulator for healthy people who want to improve their visual-spatial memory.

Thus, the "Simulator-plate with Roman numerals for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" due to its structural elements provides the possibility of long-term courses in group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic , including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor.

The declared “Simulator-plate” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients.

Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the “Simulator-plate” can be widely used in clinical practice, as well as in various fields of practical psychology and pedagogy.

Claims (5)

1. A simulator plate with Roman numerals for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, characterized in that it contains a flat rectangular plastic base, on the opposite end surfaces of which two identical handles are made, and on the front and back sides of the base a series of numbers, each of which consists of Roman numerals and two horizontal elements that are located above and below the Roman numerals of each number, and the numbers themselves are located on the front side of the chassis in one sequence, and on the reverse side of the base are located the same numbers in the other sequence; while the Roman numerals and horizontal elements are made in the form of recesses of the same depth, and a mark is applied to the front side of the base. 2. The simulator plate according to claim 1, characterized in that each handle has an arcuate shape. 3. The simulator plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of each handle is equal to the thickness of the base. 4. The simulator plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the mark is made in the form of a circle. 5. The simulator plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the Roman numerals and horizontal elements are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

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