RU194299U1 - Rectangle simulator for group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual memory by storing image colors - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “Rectangle simulator for group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual memory by storing colorings of images” refers to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual memory in patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions of various etiologies. The working model contains a rectangular base (1) made of opaque plastic, a handle (2) is made in the center of one of the sides of the base, and protruding contour lines (3) of the same height and thickness are formed on the front and back surfaces of the base (1), forming identical images (4) of objects or objects, consisting of elements (5), the boundaries of which are contour lines (3), while along the perimeter of both surfaces of the base (1) there are flanges (6) of the same height and width, and on the front surface At the same time, the label (7) is marked. Thus, the Rectangle Trainer, due to its design features, allows carrying out group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual memory by storing color images with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with minor motility and the presence of tremor of the hands, without the use of additional elements such as work cards. The declared "simulator-rectangle" introduces into the process of rehabilitation classes with the patient E novelty item, making them interesting and attractive for patients psychological trening.Blagodarya simplicity of design and ease of application, "Simulator-rectangle" can be widely used in clinical practice as well as in various fields of psychology and practical teaching.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual memory in patients of a neurological clinic by storing image colors.

Of great importance for the effectiveness of rehabilitation education are the forms of its organization, which are used during classes with patients at a neurological clinic who have disorders of various mental functions.

Methods and forms of organization of restorative education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for maximizing the use of all human capabilities and abilities, using the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow psychological -Social Institute of Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, p. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of rehabilitation education, which is based on the use of the social environment and other social factors, is the group form of classes, which helps to increase the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental functions, expanding and complementing individual lessons with a specialist and independent studies of patients during their stay in a neurological clinic .

Group lessons allow you to realize primarily the activity of communication and impact on the patient’s personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 9).

According to Marvin Shaw, a specialist in group dynamics, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (Myers D. Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997).

The use of the group form of classes helps to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation training when working on the restoration in patients of a neurological clinic of various types of memory, including visual memory.

Visual memory is one of the types of memory that provides fixation and reproduction of visual images and is one of the most important types of memory for human life.

Visual memory impairment occurs in patients with a neurological clinic due to damage to the occipital regions of the brain caused by various diseases associated with poisoning, infections, injuries, and vascular diseases of the brain.

To restore impaired visual memory in patients of a neurological clinic, various exercises are used, during which images of objects and objects are stored, followed by recognition of this image among a group of other, externally similar images (passive recognition method) or by reproducing this image from memory by drawing it ( active play method).

However, the active reproduction of a stored image from memory is difficult for a number of patients in a neurological clinic, therefore, exercises often involve not reproducing the whole image, but its individual fragments, as well as reproducing the color of the elements that make up the stored image.

For practical exercises to restore impaired visual memory in patients of a neurological clinic, various printing simulators and devices are used.

So, the “Practical simulator for the development of speech, attention, memory, thinking, perception” is known on one of the pages of which in the upper part are color images of various objects, and in the lower part - similar images, but not containing colors. The student must try to remember the colors of the images of objects, then close them with a sheet of paper, and color from memory with colored pencils or felt-tip pens the images of objects located at the bottom of the simulator page (Teremkova N.E. Practical simulator for the development of speech, attention, memory, thinking, perception , Issue 2, Dragonfly LLC, Moscow, 2016, p. 3).

The disadvantages of this printing simulator when using it for classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual memory are:

a) this printing simulator is not intended for use during group classes;

b) the possibility of only a single use of the printed materials of the simulator;

c) a small amount of working material, insufficient for long-term courses of rehabilitation classes;

d) the lack of the ability to change the degree of difficulty of tasks;

e) the difficulty of coloring small details of images for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor;

f) the working materials of this printing simulator are intended for classes with children, therefore, they can cause a negative reaction in adult patients.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the device “Trainer for classes to restore visual memory and attention in patients of a neurological clinic” is known (Patent RU 166674 U1 dated 10.12.2016).

Structurally, this device consists of a cover with a working plate fixed on it, on which an image of an object or object is located, made by means of dark-colored contour lines protruding from 0.5-1 mm.

During classes with this device, work cards are used that contain color images similar to the image on the working plate, and differing from each other in the colors of their constituent elements.

The practitioner needs to remember the color of the image on the work card, and then colorize the image on the work plate from memory using colored water markers.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used for classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual memory are:

a) this device is not intended for use during group classes;

b) the need to use additional elements such as work cards.

In order to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings, a “Rectangle Trainer for group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual memory by the method of storing the coloring of images” was developed (hereinafter referred to as the “Rectangle Trainer”).

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) providing the possibility of conducting group exercises to restore visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic;

b) providing the possibility of conducting group exercises aimed at the preventive training of visual memory in patients whose memory impairment is manifested to a small extent;

c) the absence of the need to use additional elements such as work cards due to the fact that the formation of tasks is carried out directly by the patients themselves;

d) providing the possibility of conducting classes for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands due to the fact that the image elements are limited by protruding contour lines that do not allow the water marker to go beyond them;

e) providing the opportunity to conduct classes in various conditions, in the absence of a desktop, for example, on patients' walks;

e) the simplicity of the design of the "Rectangle Trainer", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the functionality of the "Simulator for the restoration of visual memory and attention in patients of a neurological clinic", provided by the structural elements of the claimed "Simulator-rectangle", which allow for group exercises to restore and preventive training of visual memory with a wide the contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of hands, without using Use of additional elements such as work cards.

This technical result is ensured due to the fact that the "Rectangle Trainer" contains a rectangular base made of opaque plastic, a handle is made in the center of one of the sides, and protruding contour lines of the same height and thickness are made on the front and back surfaces of the base, forming identical images of objects or objects, consisting of elements whose boundaries are contour lines, while on the perimeter of both surfaces of the base there are made collars about the same height and width, and a mark is applied to the front surface of the base.

In the preferred embodiment of the "Rectangle Trainer" the number of elements that make up the image is 5-30 pieces.

In a preferred embodiment of the Rectangle Simulator, the height of the beads is equal to the height of the contour lines.

In a preferred embodiment of the Rectangle Trainer, a black coating is applied to the surface of the contour lines.

In the preferred embodiment of the "Rectangle Trainer" the label is made in the form of a circle.

In a preferred embodiment of the Rectangle Trainer, a white background coating is applied to both surfaces of the base.

The essence of the utility model "Rectangle simulator for group exercises on the restoration and preventive training of visual memory by storing color images" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - general view of the "Rectangle Trainer";

In FIG. 2 - view of the "simulator-rectangle" from the side of the handle.

The claimed "Rectangle Trainer" is a rectangular base (1) made of opaque plastic (see Fig. 1, 2), in the center of one of the sides of which a hollow handle (2) is made, and on the front and back surfaces of the base ( 1) made contour lines (3), forming the same image (4) of objects or objects, consisting of elements (5), intended for coloring by means of easily erasable water markers of different colors.

The dimensions of this particular “Rectangle Trainer” indicated below are not signs that narrow the scope of legal protection, as they may change during the process of its creation.

The dimensions of the base (1) of the Rectangle Trainer are 100-150x70-110 mm, and its thickness is 2-4 mm.

The handle (2) has a conical shape with a length of 80-100 mm, with a diameter at the end of 20-25 mm and a wall thickness of 2-3 mm.

Image-forming contour lines (3) protrude above the surfaces of the base (1) to the same height equal to 1-1.5 mm and have the same thickness equal to 1-2 mm, and are applied to the surface of the contour lines (3) (for example, with paint) black coating.

Images (4) of objects or objects located on both surfaces of the base (1) consist of 5-30 elements (5), the boundaries of which are contour lines (3), while the images (4) on the front and back surfaces of the base (1) are the same .

Flanges (6) are made along the perimeter of both surfaces of the base (1), which perform the following functions: a) serve as boundaries for the writing element of the water marker; b) give additional rigidity to the base (1).

The height of the shoulders (6) is equal to the height of the contour lines (3), and their width is the same and is 3-5 mm.

Thus, the design features of contour lines (3) that form images (4) of objects or objects serve as boundaries for the writing element of a water marker, facilitating the process of coloring elements (5) of images (4) for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor, without interfering with the subsequent easy removal of traces of water markers by means of a sponge designed to erase them.

For the convenience of practicing patients with the “Rectangle Trainer”, a mark (7) is applied (for example, using dark paint) to the front surface of the base (1), which can be made, for example, in the form of a circle.

For better patient acceptance of images (4), a white background is applied to both surfaces of the base (1) (for example, with paint).

Work with the "Rectangle simulator for group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual memory by storing the coloring of images" is as follows.

Before starting classes, the specialist forms a group of two patients with approximately the same degree of visual memory impairment.

In this case, one of the patients of the group, the specialist appoints the formative task, and the other patient - performing the task.

Further, the patient, forming the task, holding the “Simulator-rectangle” by the handle (2), paints with water markers of different colors elements (5) of the image (4) of the front surface of the base (1), including the surrounding area. In this case, the number of elements to be painted (5) and the number of colors of water markers used are set by a specialist.

After that, the “Rectangle Trainer” is transferred to the patient performing the task, who, within a specified time interval (from 20 seconds or more), remembers the colors of the painted elements (5) of the image (4) on the front surface of the base (1).

Then, the patient performing the task turns the “Simulator-rectangle” with the front surface of the base (1) down, and then tries to reproduce from memory the coloring of the elements (5) of the image (4), painting elements (5) of the image (4) with water markers of similar colors on the reverse surface of the base (1).

In case of difficulty, the patient performing the task can briefly turn the "Rectangle Trainer", thus receiving a hint.

Verification of the correctness of the task is carried out by comparing the colors of the elements (5) of the image (4) on the front and back surfaces of the base (1) due to one or more turns of the "Rectangle Trainer" held by the handle (2).

Further, all traces of colored water markers are removed with a sponge to erase them, the patient forming the task, and the patient performing the task change roles, and the whole sequence of actions is repeated a number of times specified by the specialist.

Along with the method described above, group exercises can be carried out by another method, based on the simultaneous use of two "Rectangle Trainers".

In this case, each patient holding the Rectangle Trainer by the handle (2) paints a certain number of elements (5) of the image (4) of the front surface of the base (1), after which both patients show each other colored images (4) , and during the time set by the specialist (from 20 seconds or more), their coloring is remembered.

Further, each of the patients tries to reproduce the coloring of the image (4) by coloring from memory the elements (5) of the image (4) of the back surface of the base (1) of the used “Rectangle Trainer”.

 Verification of the correctness of the tasks is carried out by alternately comparing the colors of the image (4) on the front surface of the base (1) of the Rectangle Trainer of one patient and the colors of the image (4) on the back surface of the base (1) of the Rectangle Simulator of another patient.

After mastering the work with the "Rectangle Trainer" under the guidance of a specialist, patients get the opportunity to conduct independent group exercises with him.

As patients achieve positive results in the restoration of visual memory, tasks are complicated by:

a) increasing the number of painted elements (5) of the image (4) of the front surface of the base (1);

b) increasing the number of colors that are used to colorize the elements (5) of the image (4);

c) reducing the time interval during which the coloring of the image is stored (4).

Along with visual memory restoration classes, the Rectangle Trainer is also intended for use during preventive training of visual memory, the main difference of which is an increase in the number of color elements to be remembered (5) of images (4) and a reduction in the time interval for remembering them.

In addition, the "Rectangle Trainer" can be effectively used in a number of other cases:

a) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children with impaired formation of visual memory;

b) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

c) as a developmental game aimed at developing and training visual memory in healthy children.

Thus, the Rectangle Trainer, due to its design features, allows conducting group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual memory by storing color images with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor, without using additional elements type of work cards.

The claimed “Rectangle Trainer” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into an interesting and attractive psychological training for patients.

Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the Rectangle Trainer can be widely used in clinical practice, as well as in various fields of practical psychology and pedagogy.

Claims (7)

1. A rectangle simulator for group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual memory by storing image colors, characterized in that it contains a rectangular base made of opaque plastic, with a handle in the center of one of the sides and a base on the front and back surfaces of the base protruding contour lines of the same height and thickness are made, forming the same images of objects, consisting of elements whose boundaries are -temperature lines, wherein at the perimeter of both surfaces of the base beads are made of equal height and width, and the front surface of the base is marked. 2. The rectangle simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of elements that make up the image is 5-30 pieces. 3. The rectangle simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the beads is equal to the height of the contour lines. 4. The rectangle simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the contour lines is coated in black. 5. The rectangle simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the mark is made in the form of a circle. 6. The rectangle simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that a white background coating is applied to both surfaces of the base. 7. The rectangle simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the protruding contour lines made on the front and back surfaces of the base form identical images of objects.

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