RU193736U1 - The exercise machine palette for group classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology, and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions. The palette simulator for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory contains a plastic base (1) in the shape of an oval, from one end of which there is a recess and an oval-shaped notch. On the front and back sides of the base (1), identical round-shaped cells-recesses (2) are made, which are evenly spaced around the perimeter and in the central part of each of the sides of the base (1). The location of the cell-recesses (2) on the front and back sides of the base (1) is the same. On the front side of the base (1) is marked (3). The utility model allows for long-term group training courses for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with patients at a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremors, without the use of additional elements such as work cards. 3 s.p. f-ly, 2 ill.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions.

Of great importance for the effectiveness of rehabilitation education are the forms of its organization, which are used during classes with patients at a neurological clinic who have disorders of various mental functions.

Methods and forms of organization of restorative education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for maximizing the use of all human capabilities and abilities, using the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow psychological -Social Institute of Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, p. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of rehabilitation education, which is based on the use of the social environment and other social factors, is the group form of classes, which helps to increase the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental functions, expanding and complementing individual lessons with a specialist and independent classes of patients during their stay in a neurological clinic .

Group lessons allow you to realize primarily the activity of communication and impact on the patient’s personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 9).

According to Marvin Shaw, a specialist in group dynamics, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (Myers D. Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997).

The use of the group form of classes helps to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation training when working on the restoration of various types of memory in patients with a neurological clinic, including visuospatial memory.

Like other types of human memory, visual-spatial memory is impaired in organic brain lesions caused by various neurological diseases.

Currently, various printing simulators and devices are used for classes to restore impaired visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic.

So, the “Practical simulator for the development of speech, attention, memory, thinking, perception” is known on one of the pages of which in the upper part are color images of various objects, and in the lower part - similar images, but not containing colors. The student must try to remember the colors of the images of objects, then close them with a piece of paper and color the images of objects at the bottom of the page (Teremkova N.E. Practical training tool for the development of speech, attention, memory, thinking, perception, Issue 2, Dragonfly LLC ”, Moscow, 2016, p. 3).

The disadvantages of this printing simulator when it is used during group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory are:

a) this printing simulator is not intended for use during group classes;

b) the possibility of only a single use of the working materials of the printing simulator;

c) a small amount of working material, insufficient for conducting long-term training courses;

d) the complexity of colorizing images for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor;

d) this printing simulator is designed for children, therefore, it can cause a negative reaction in adult patients.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the device “A training palette for exercises to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic” is known (Patent RU 184395 U9 of 11.21.2018).

Structurally, this device is a plastic base having the shape of an oval palette, on the front surface of which there is a group of cylindrical protrusions designed to wind plastic plugs of chips of different colors.

During classes with this device, work cards are used that contain the image of the base with colored circles, the location of which the patient must remember and reproduce from memory on the basis of the device by screwing on the cylindrical protrusions of plugs of chips of the corresponding color.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory are:

a) this device is not intended for use during group classes;

b) the need to use additional elements in the form of cork-chips and work cards containing tasks for memorization.

Also, from the existing level of technology, a device is known as a “simulator plate for classes in the restoration of visual and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic” (Patent RU 183174 U1 of 09/12/2018).

Structurally, this device is a plastic plate, in the bottom of which there are recess cells, one of which has the shape of a circle, and the other has the shape of ring sectors.

During classes with this device, work cards are used with the image of similar recess cells, some of which are highlighted. The patient needs to remember the color and location of the selected cells, and then, from memory, write with a marker letters that indicate the colors of the selected cells into similar cell-recesses of the device.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory are:

a) this device is not intended for use during group classes;

b) the need to use additional elements in the form of work cards containing tasks for memorization.

In order to overcome the above drawbacks, the “Trainer-palette for group exercises for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” was developed (hereinafter referred to as the “Trainer-palette”).

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) providing the possibility of conducting group exercises to restore visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic;

b) providing the possibility of conducting classes aimed at the preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients whose memory impairment is manifested to a small extent;

c) ensuring the possibility of conducting long-term training courses due to the fact that the formation of tasks is carried out directly by the patients themselves;

d) providing the possibility of conducting classes for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor due to the fact that the cells are made in the form of recesses that do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

e) no need to use additional elements such as work cards;

e) the simplicity of the design of the "Trainer-palette", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the functionality of the "Simulator plates for classes in the restoration of visual and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic," provided by the structural elements of the claimed "Palette Simulator", which allows for long-term courses of group classes in restoration and preventive training visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired chalk and the presence of the second motor tremor of hands, without using additional elements such business cards.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the "Trainer-palette" contains an oval-shaped plastic base with an oval-shaped recess and cutout at one end, and the same round-shaped recess cells that are uniformly made on the front and back sides of the base. located along the perimeter and in the central part of each of the sides of the base, while the location of the cell-recesses on the front and back sides of the base is the same, and a mark is applied to the front side of the base.

In the preferred version of the "Palette Simulator" the number of recess cells on each side of the base is 6-12 pcs.

In a preferred embodiment of the "Palette Simulator" the mark is made in the form of a circle.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Palette Trainer”, the recess cells are highlighted in a color different from the base color.

The essence of the utility model "Trainer-palette for group exercises for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - view of the front side of the "Trainer-palette";

In FIG. 2 is a view of the reverse side of the "Palette Simulator".

The declared “Trainer-palette” is (see Fig. 1, 2) a plastic base (1) on the front and back of which there are made cell recesses (2) of circular shape, designed to be painted with easily washable water markers of different colors, and the base itself (1) takes the form of a traditional oval palette used by artists.

The traditional palette is a device in the form of a small thin oval-shaped board with a cutout for the thumb (Wikipedia. Free Encyclopedia, Palette, https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palette).

The following sizes of this particular “Palette Trainer” are not signs that narrow the scope of legal protection, as they may change during the process of its creation.

The base (1) of the “Palette Trainer” has an oval shape with overall dimensions of 150x200-200x250 mm, with a thickness of 4-6 mm from one end of which there is a recess and an oval-shaped notch for the convenience of holding the “Palette Trainer” in hand.

On the front and back sides of the base (1) of the “Palette Trainer” there are identical recess cells (2) with a diameter of 20-30 mm and a depth of 1-2 mm, which are evenly spaced around the perimeter and in the central part of each side of the base (1) .

The number of recess cells (2) on each side of the base (1) is 6-12 pcs.

The location of the cell-recesses (2) on the front and back sides of the base (1) is the same.

Thus, the design features of the recess cells (2), which have a shallow depth, facilitate the process of coloring them with water markers for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremors, without interfering with the easy removal of traces of water markers by means of a sponge designed to erase them.

For the convenience of practicing with the “Trainer-palette”, a mark (3) is applied (for example, by means of paint) to the front side of the base (1), which can be made, for example, in the form of a circle.

For a better perception of the cell-recesses (2), they are highlighted (for example, by means of paint) with a color different from the color of the base (1).

The "Trainer-palette for group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" works as follows.

Before starting classes, the specialist forms a group of two patients who have approximately the same degree of visual and spatial memory impairment.

In this case, the specialist appoints one patient to formulate the task, and the other patient - to complete the task.

Further, the patient, forming the task, holding the “Trainer-palette” by the cutout in the base (1), paints the cell-recesses (2) located on the front side of the base (1) with different color markers, the number of which is set by the specialist, and on the initial the stages of classes can be 2-3 pcs.

After that, the “Trainer-palette” is transferred to the patient performing the task, who, holding it by the cutout at the base (1), remembers the colors in which the cell-recesses are painted (within 20 seconds or more), specified by the specialist (2) .

Then, the patient performing the task turns the “Trainer-palette” with the front side of the base (1) down, and then tries to reproduce from memory the color of the cell-recesses (2) of the front side of the base (1), painting with markers the corresponding colors of the cell-recess (2) the back of the base (1).

In the event of difficulties, the patient performing the task can briefly turn the “Trainer-palette” face up with the base, thus receiving a hint.

Verification of the correctness of the assignment is carried out by directly comparing the colors of the cell-recesses (2) of the front and back sides of the base (1) due to one or more turns of the “Palette Trainer” held by the cutout in the base (1).

Further, all traces of water markers are removed with the sponge intended for their erasure, the patient forming the task, and the patient performing the task change roles and the entire sequence of actions is repeated a number of times specified by the specialist.

Along with the method described above, group exercises can be carried out by another method, based on the simultaneous use of two "Trainers-palettes".

In this case, each patient, holding the used “Trainer-palette” by the cutout in the base (1), paints with different colors the cell-recesses (2) of the front side of the base (1), after which both patients show each other “Trainers-palettes”, and during the time interval set by the specialist (from 20 seconds or more), the colors of the cell-recesses are remembered (2).

Further, each patient tries to reproduce from memory the remembered colors of the cell-recesses (2) by painting in the corresponding colors the cell-recesses (2) of the back side of the base (1) of the used “Palette Trainer”.

Verification of the correctness of the assignment is carried out by alternately comparing the colors of the cells-recesses (2) of the front side of the base (1) of the “Palette Trainer” of one patient and the reverse side of the base (1) of the “Palette Trainer” of another patient.

As patients achieve positive results in the restoration of visual-spatial memory, tasks are complicated by:

a) increasing the number of painted cells, recesses (2) of the front side of the base (1);

b) reducing the time interval during which the color of the cells-recesses is stored (2).

Along with classes on the restoration of visual-spatial memory, the "Trainer-Palette" is also intended for use during the preventive training of visual-spatial memory, the main difference of which is an increase in the number of colored cells-recesses and a decrease in the time interval for their storage.

In addition, the "Trainer-palette" can be effectively used in a number of other cases:

a) when conducting correctional and developing classes with children with impaired formation of visual-spatial memory;

b) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

c) as a developmental game aimed at developing and training visual-spatial memory in healthy children.

Thus, the Trainer-Palette, due to its design features, allows for long-term group training courses on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor, without the use of additional elements type of work cards.

The declared “Trainer-palette” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes, turning them into interesting and attractive psychological training for patients.

Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the "Trainer-palette" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Claims (4)

1. A palette simulator for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, characterized in that it contains an oval-shaped plastic base, with an oval-shaped recess and cutout on one end of the same, and the same on the front and back sides of the base round-shaped cells-recesses, which are evenly spaced around the perimeter and in the central part of each of the sides of the base, while the location of the cell-recesses on the front and back base equally well on the front side of the base is marked. 2. The simulator palette according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of recess cells on each side of the base is 6-12 pieces. 3. The simulator palette according to claim 1, characterized in that the mark is made in the form of a circle. 4. The simulator palette according to claim 1, characterized in that the cell-recesses are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

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