RU184395U1 - The simulator palette for classes on the restoration of fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions of various etiologies. A useful model contains a plastic base (1) 3-5 mm thick, made in the form of an oval-shaped palette with overall dimensions of 200-250 × 150-200 mm, from one end which has a recess and a through hole of an oval shape, and on the front surface of the base (1) there is a group of cylindrical protrusions (2) with an external thread designed to wind plastic plugs-chips (4), while the cylindrical protrusions (2) are evenly located on the front the surface of the base (1) around the perimeter of the oval and in its central part, and the threaded diameter and height of each cylindrical protrusion (2) are made under the threaded diameter and height of the existing 28 mm plastic screw caps for plastic eggs, while on the back of the base (1) there are through holes (3), the number, location and diameter of which correspond to the number, location and inner diameter of the cylindrical protrusions (2). Thus, the palette simulator allows you to conduct a neurological clinic with patients classes aimed at the simultaneous restoration of two processes: a) fine motor skills by implementing the rotational movements of the fingers when wound-unscrewing plugs, b) visual-spatial The method of memorizing the spatial arrangement of colored circles and the method based on the Memori game, providing the possibility of conducting classes for bedridden patients and walking patients in the absence of a horizontal desktop surface. The developed simulator palette introduces an element of novelty into the process of restorative exercises with patients, turning them in interesting and attractive for patients training.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology, and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

Violation of fine motor skills and visuospatial memory occurs in patients with a neurological clinic due to organic brain lesions of various etiologies.

 Violation of fine motor skills leads to difficulties in patients performing various everyday actions that require precise finger movements.

To restore impaired fine motor skills of fingers in patients of a neurological clinic, various simulators are used to ensure the inclusion of fingers in various movements, one of which is the rotation of the fingers of a small object.

So, from the existing level of technology, the “Tighten the Panel for Tightening the Nuts” simulator is designed to restore fine motor skills by performing exercises on tightening and twisting the nuts with your fingers (MEDBUY Online Store, Treadmill “The Panel for Tightening the Nuts”, found in on the Internet May 25, 2018 at http://medbuy.ru/oborudovanie-dlya-ergoterapii/dvm-panel-dlya-zakruchivaniya-gaek).

Structurally, this simulator is a wooden three-stage base, 200x300 mm in size, each step of which has four screws with nuts of different sizes. The total weight of the simulator is 1 kg.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the "Panel Screws Exercise Machine" is known, designed to restore fine motor skills by performing finger-screwing and unscrewing exercises. (Online store "MEDBUY", "Panel with screws" simulator, found on the Internet on May 25, 2018 at http://medbuy.ru/oborudovanie-dlya-ergoterapii/dvm-panel-s-vintami).

Structurally, this simulator is a similar wooden three-stage base with dimensions of 200x300 mm, on each step of which four different types of screws are installed. The total weight of the simulator is 1 kg.

The disadvantages of these simulators when using them during classes to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the uniformity and monotony of the movements performed by patients to tighten-unscrew the nuts and screw-in / out screws, which can lead to a decrease in interest in classes and fatigue of patients;

b) the difficulty of performing these actions for patients who had no previous experience with nuts and screws, therefore this activity is unusual for them and ineffective for restoring fine motor skills;

c) a screw-nut threaded pair made of metal has a sufficiently high coefficient of friction and therefore requires the application of forces that may be excessive for patients with impaired fine motor skills;

d) these simulators are not intended for classes on the restoration of visual-spatial memory.

Also known from the existing level of technology is the “Cork simulator for training to restore fine motor skills and visual and spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic” (Patent RU 176719 U1, published January 25, 2018).

Structurally, this simulator consists of a base, which includes a central part with two movably fixed sashes, one of which has a working plate with nine cylindrical protrusions arranged in three rows, onto which corks of different colors are wound. On the central part of the base of the simulator there is a pocket for working cards with images of colored circles, the location of which the patient must remember and reproduce by screwing colored plugs onto the cylindrical protrusions of the working plate.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) for practicing with this simulator, you must have a horizontal surface, since it consists of three movably connected parts that need support when unfolding;

b) this simulator allows you to work on the restoration of visual-spatial memory with only one method, which consists in memorizing the spatial arrangement of color circles.

In order to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings, a “Trainer-palette for exercises to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic” (hereinafter referred to as “trainer-palette”) was developed.

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) the actions performed with the “palette simulator” should be simultaneously aimed both at restoring fine motor skills and at restoring visual-spatial memory;

b) restoration of fine motor skills should be based on the implementation of complex rotational movements of the fingers;

c) the restoration of visual-spatial memory should be carried out in the course of attractive and interesting game activity for the patient;

d) the restoration of visual-spatial memory using a "palette simulator" should be carried out by various methods;

e) ensuring the convenience of training with a "simulator-palette" of bedridden patients in a neurological clinic;

f) providing the possibility of training with a "palette simulator" in the absence of a horizontal surface of the desktop, for example, on patients' walks;

g) the simplicity of the design of the "palette simulator", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice;

h) the use of prefabricated elements that simplify the manufacture and reduce the cost of the "palette simulator".

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the functionality of the “Cork simulator for classes to restore fine motor skills and visual and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic”, provided by the structural elements of the claimed “simulator-palette”, allowing classes aimed at patients with a neurological clinic the simultaneous restoration of both fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory using various methods, and also provide the opportunity to conduct classes with bedridden patients and walking patients, in the absence of a horizontal surface of the desktop.

 This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the "simulator-palette" contains a plastic base with a thickness of 3-5 mm, made in the form of a palette having the shape of an oval with overall dimensions of 200-250x150-200 mm, from one end of which a notch and a through the hole is oval in shape, and on the front surface of the base there is a group of cylindrical protrusions with an external thread designed to wind plastic plugs, while the cylindrical protrusions are evenly located on the front surface along the perimeter of the oval and in its central part, and the threaded diameter and height of each cylindrical protrusion are made to the threaded diameter and height of the existing 28 mm screw plastic caps for plastic bottles, while on the back of the base there are through holes, number, location and the diameter of which corresponds to the number, location and inner diameter of the cylindrical protrusions.

In a preferred embodiment of the “palette simulator”, the number of cylindrical protrusions made on the front side of the base may be 8, 10 or 12 pieces.

In a preferred embodiment of the “palette simulator”, the wall thickness of the cylindrical protrusion is 2-3 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the “palette simulator”, the distance between the centers of adjacent cylindrical protrusions should be at least 55 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the “palette simulator”, cylindrical protrusions can also be made for the threaded diameter and height of existing 24 mm screw plastic plugs.

In a preferred embodiment of the “palette simulator”, existing screw plastic plugs, the threaded diameter and height of which correspond to the height and threaded diameter of the cylindrical protrusions of the base, are used as plug-chips.

The essence of the utility model "Trainer-palette for classes to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 is a general view of a “palette simulator” without traffic jams;

In FIG. 2 - the front side of the "palette simulator" during classes to restore visual-spatial memory by storing the spatial arrangement of colored circles;

In FIG. 3, 4 - the front and the back side of the “palette simulator” during classes on the restoration of visual-spatial memory by a method based on the Memori game;

In FIG. 5, 6 - examples of work cards of varying degrees of difficulty for practicing by memorizing the spatial arrangement of colored circles.

The inventive "simulator-palette" is a plastic base (1) with a thickness of 3-5 mm, on the front surface of which cylindrical protrusions (2) are made, intended for winding plug caps (4), while the base (1) has the shape used by artists traditional oval palette (see Fig. 1).

The traditional palette is a device in the form of a small thin and light oval-shaped board with a cutout for the thumb (Wikipedia. The free encyclopedia, Palette, found on the Internet on 05/25/2018 at https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki /Palette).

For example, the Art-Quartal Wooden Palette is known, which has a traditional oval shape 200x300 mm in size with an oval cutout for the thumb (Art Quarter online store, Art-Quarter wooden oval palette, found on the Internet on 25.05 .2018 at https://artkvartal.ru/goods/98809-Palitra-derevyannaya-ovalnaya--Art-Kvartal--razmer-20h30-sm.html).

Thus, the base (1) of the "palette simulator" has an oval shape with overall dimensions of 200-250x150-200 mm, from one of the ends of which a recess and a through hole of an oval shape are made for the convenience of holding the "palette simulator" in the patient's hand.

On the front surface of the base (1) of the “palette simulator”, a group of 8, 10 or 12 hollow cylindrical protrusions (2) with an external thread designed to wind plastic plugs (4) is made (see Fig. 2, 3).

The cylindrical protrusions (2) are evenly located on the front surface of the base (1) around the perimeter of the oval and in its central part, while the distance between the centers of adjacent cylindrical protrusions should be at least 55 mm.

The wall thickness of the cylindrical protrusion (2) is 2-3 mm, and its threaded diameter and height are made to the threaded diameter and height of the existing 28 mm screw plastic caps for plastic bottles. Also, cylindrical protrusions can be made for the threaded diameter and height of existing 24 mm screw plastic caps (YES-UPAK online store) Packaging-marking, caps, caps, caps for PET bottles, found May 25, 2018 on the Internet at http://yes-upak.ru/pet-krishki-probki-kolpachki-dlja-butylok.html).

Through holes (3) are made on the back of the base (1), the number, location and diameter of which correspond to the number, location and inner diameter of the cylindrical protrusions (2).

Through holes (3) provide the opportunity to see the bottoms of plug plugs (4) screwed onto cylindrical protrusions (2) during classes to restore visual-spatial memory using a method based on the Memori game.

As plug-chips (4) when working with the “palette simulator”, existing industrially produced screw plastic plugs (see link above) are used, the threaded diameter and height of which correspond to the height and threaded diameter of the cylindrical protrusions (2) of the base (1).

To work with the “palette simulator”, two sets of plug-chips are used (4), which provide the opportunity to conduct classes on the restoration of visual-spatial memory in two ways:

The first set of plug-chips (4) is designed to work by storing the spatial arrangement of colored circles and includes plastic plug-chips (4) of different colors (see Fig. 2).

The second set of cork-chips (4) is designed to work with the method based on the Memori game and includes cork-chips (4) of the same color (see Fig. 3), the bottoms of each of which are painted in different colors (see Fig. 4), and each color should be repeated on the bottoms of two cork-chips (4).

The number of plug plugs (4) in each set corresponds to the number of cylindrical protrusions (2) based on (1) the “palette simulator”.

For training with the “palette simulator” by storing the spatial arrangement of colored circles, a methodological manual is used that includes a set of work cards (5), each of which contains a task on the front and back that represents the image of the “palette simulator” (see figure 5, 6), on which there are images of colored circles (6a) and white circles (6b).

The total number and location of images of colored and white circles (6a, 6b) on each work card (5) corresponds to the total number and location of cylindrical protrusions (2) based on (1) a real “palette simulator”.

Each colored circle (6a) located on the image of the “palette simulator” indicates a plug-chip (4) of a similar color, which the patient should wind on a corresponding cylindrical protrusion (2), and a white circle (6b) indicates a cylindrical protrusion (2) without cork chips (4).

The complexity of tasks for memorizing colored circles is determined by the number of images of colored circles (6a) contained in the image of the “palette simulator”.

The total number of work cards (5) included in the package of the “palette simulator” is 20-30 pieces.

During classes with a “palette simulator”, each work card (5) can be located in front of the patient in four different positions. Thus, the total number of tasks in the form of combinations of colored and white circles (6a, 6b) on both sides of each work card (5) is eight different options.

To store and carry the “palette simulator” with plugs (4) and a set of work cards (5), a cover made of plastic or fabric material (not shown in the figures) is used.

Work with the "Trainer-palette for classes on the restoration of fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic" as follows:

If the lesson with the "palette simulator" is carried out by storing the spatial arrangement of the colored circles. This uses the first set of plug caps (4), which have a different color.

Before starting the lesson on restoring fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory, the patient holding the “exercise machine palette” with his thumb at the cutout at the base (1) unscrews all the plugs (4) from the cylindrical protrusions (2) (restoring fine motor skills), after which selects a work card (5) of the degree of complexity recommended by a specialist (see Fig. 5, 6).

Then the patient, within the time interval specified by the specialist (from 15 seconds or more) remembers the location of the colored circles (6a) on the selected work card (5), after which he closes it with a blank sheet of paper.

After that, the patient from memory (restoration of visual-spatial memory) winds stoppers-chips (4) of different colors (restoration of fine motor skills) on cylindrical protrusions (2) of the base (1) in accordance with the location of the colored circles (6a) on the work card (5 )

If the patient has difficulties in choosing a cork-chip (4) for winding, he can briefly lift a sheet of paper, thus obtaining a hint.

After the completion of the winding of all the plug plugs (4), the patient checks the correctness of the task by comparing the location of the plug plugs (4) screwed onto the cylindrical protrusions (2) of different colors (see Fig. 2). with the arrangement of colored circles (6a) in the image of the "palette simulator" (see Fig. 6).

Next, the patient unscrews the plug-chips (4) from the cylindrical protrusions (2) (restoration of fine motor skills), selects a new work card (5) with a different arrangement of colored circles (6a), and the whole sequence of steps described above is repeated.

At the initial stage of training, work cards (5) are used, containing a smaller number (2-3 pcs.) Of colored circles (6a) and a larger number of white circles (6b) (see Fig. 5).

In the later stages of training, work cards (5) with colored circles (6a) are used, the number of which corresponds to the number of cylindrical protrusions (2) based on (1) (see Fig. 6).

In the process of training to restore visual-spatial memory by the method of remembering the spatial arrangement of colored circles, the spatial arrangement of a work card in front of the patient also plays an important role (5).

If the work card (5) is located in front of the patient in such a way that the spatial arrangement of the image of the “palette simulator” is similar to the spatial arrangement of the real “palette simulator” held in the patient’s hand, then this task is the easiest to remember.

If the work card (5) is located in front of the patient in such a way that the image of the “palette simulator” is rotated relative to the position of the real “palette simulator” held in the patient’s hand by a certain angle (90, 180 and 270 degrees), then this task is more difficult to remember, since the patient has to mentally “rotate” the image of the “palette simulator”.

If the lesson with the “palette simulator” is carried out by the method based on the Memori game, then the second set of cork-chips (4) are used, which have the same color and differ from each other in the color of the bottom (see Fig. 3, four).

Before starting the lesson, the patient, holding the “simulator palette” with the thumb on the cutout at the base (1), winds up (restoring fine motor skills) all the plugs (4) onto the cylindrical protrusions (2) in a random order.

Then it painfully turns the “simulator-palette” upside down (see Fig. 4), which makes it possible through the holes (3) in the base (1) to see the color of the bottoms of the plug-chips (4) screwed onto the cylindrical protrusions (2) .

After that, the patient remembers (restoration of visual-spatial memory) the spatial location of the plug-chips (4) with the same color of the bottoms for a period of time specified by a specialist (from 15 seconds or more), then he turns the "simulator-palette" to the original position with the front side up.

Then the patient unscrewing two plugs (4), the bottoms of which, in his opinion, have the same color (restoration of visual-spatial memory).

When. if the color of the bottoms of the unscrewed plug-chips (4) matches, then the patient lays the plug-chips (4) to the side.

If the color of the bottoms of the unscrewed plug-chips (4) does not match, then the patient returns the data of the plug-chips (4) to their original place, twisting them (restoring fine motor skills) to the same cylindrical protrusions (2).

In case of difficulty, the patient can briefly turn the “simulator-palette” back up and see the color of the bottoms of the plug-chips (4), thus obtaining a hint.

Further, the above sequence of actions is repeated a certain number of times, until all the plug plugs (4) are completely unscrewed from the cylindrical protrusions (2) of the base (1) of the “palette simulator”.

The use of a “palette simulator” for classes in the restoration of visual-spatial memory by a method based on the Memori game; allows for group exercises with the simultaneous participation of two patients.

Along with exercises to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic, the “palette simulator” can be used in the following areas:

a) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age who have impaired fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory;

b) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children with impaired development of fine motor skills and the formation of visual-spatial memory;

c) as a game aimed at the development and training of fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in healthy children.

Thus, the “palette simulator” allows conducting neurological clinic exercises aimed at the simultaneous restoration of two processes: a) fine motor skills by performing rotational movements of the fingers when twisting and unscrewing plug plugs, b) visual-spatial memory by storing spatial the arrangement of colored circles and a method based on the Memori game, providing the opportunity for classes for bedridden patients and walking patients in the absence of a horizontal surface awn desktop.

The developed “palette simulator” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into an interesting and attractive training for patients.

Claims (4)

1. A palette simulator for exercises to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic, characterized in that it contains a plastic base 3-5 mm thick, made in the form of a palette having the shape of an oval with overall dimensions of 200-250 × 150 -200 mm; from one of the ends of which there is a recess and a through hole of an oval shape, and on the front surface of the base there is a group of cylindrical protrusions with external threads, onto which plastic plugs of different colors are screwed, made with the possibility of winding onto cylindrical protrusions, while the cylindrical protrusions are evenly spaced on the front surface of the base around the perimeter of the oval and in its central part, and the threaded diameter and height of each cylindrical protrusion are made under the threaded diameter and Height of 28-millimeter screw plastic caps. 2. The trainer-palette according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of cylindrical protrusions made on the front side of the base can be 8, 10 or 12 pieces. 3. The simulator palette according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall thickness of the cylindrical protrusion is 2-3 mm 4. The simulator palette according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the centers of adjacent cylindrical protrusions should be at least 55 mm.