RU177261U1 - Ball simulator for training to restore the movements of the fingers and hands and visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model, “A simulator ball for training in restoring the movements of fingers and hands and visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic,” relates to medicine, ›to the section of neurology and neuropsychology, and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes on restoration of finger and hand movements and visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic. The "simulator-ball" contains a hollow body made of plastic (1) a spherical shape with a diameter of 50-70 mm, on the surface of which six cylindrical protrusions (2) are made with an external thread designed to wind plastic stoppers-chips (4), which are different in color, and along the perimeter of the outer diameter of the horizontal section of the housing (1) four evenly spaced cylindrical protrusions (2), one cylindrical protrusion (2) is made in the upper part of the housing (1), and the other cylindrical protrusion (2) is made in the lower part of the housing (1) relative to the horizontal section, while and the threaded diameter of each cylindrical protrusion (2) is made to the height and the threaded diameter of a standard plastic plug with a diameter of 28 mm, and its number (3) is marked on the upper surface of each cylindrical protrusion (3). Using the "simulator-ball" allows for patients of the neurological clinic of classes aimed at the simultaneous restoration of several processes: a) movements of the fingers in the course of rotational movements when screwing-unscrewing plugs, b) movements of the hand during the rotation of the “simulator-ball” held in a healthy hand, c) visual-spatial memory in accordance with the tasks of the printed manual used during classes with the “simulator-ball.” The proposed “simulator-ball” introduces an element into the process of rehabilitation exercises with patients novelty, turning them into interesting and attractive training for patients.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology, and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore the movements of fingers and hands and visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic.

Violation of the movements of the fingers and hand and visual-spatial memory occurs in patients with a neurological clinic due to organic lesions of the brain of various etiologies.

Violation of the movements of the fingers and hands leads to difficulties in patients performing various everyday actions requiring precise, coordinated movements of the fingers and hands.

To restore the movements of the fingers in patients of a neurological clinic, various simulators are used to ensure the inclusion of the fingers in various movements, one of which is the rotation of the fingers of a small object.

So, from the existing level of technology, there is known the “Desktop simulator“ Panel with nuts ””, designed to restore the movement of the fingers with the help of twisting-unscrewing metal nuts on the screws with the fingers (Trading House “Health Center”, Desktop simulator “The panel with nuts ", found on the Internet on October 15, 2017 at http://czdor.ru/rehabilitation/lfk/dvm_vk404.11).

Structurally, this simulator is a wooden three-stage base with dimensions of 200 × 300 mm, each step of which has 4 metal screws with nuts of different sizes. The total weight of the simulator is 1 kg.

Also known from the existing level of technology is the "Desktop simulator" Panel with screws "" designed to restore the movements of the fingers with the help of exercises for screwing in / out metal screws with your fingers. (Trading house "Health Center", desktop simulator "Panel with screws", found on the Internet on 10/10/2017 at http://czdor.ru/rehabilitation/lfk/dvm_vk404.11).

Structurally, this simulator is a similar wooden three-stage base with dimensions of 200 × 300 mm at each stage of which 4 different types of screws are installed. The total weight of the simulator is 1 kg.

The disadvantages of these simulators when using them during classes to restore the movements of fingers and hands in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) these simulators are designed to restore finger movements and do not provide the ability to restore movements of the hand;

b) the uniformity and monotony of the movements performed by patients to tighten-unscrew the nuts and screw-in / out screws, which can lead to a decrease in interest in classes and fatigue of patients;

c) the difficulty of performing these actions for patients who did not have previous experience with nuts and screws, therefore, this activity is unusual for them and therefore ineffective for restoring finger movements;

d) a screw-nut threaded pair made of metal has a sufficiently high coefficient of friction and therefore requires the application of forces that may be excessive for some patients with impaired finger movements;

c) work with these simulators is possible only if there is a horizontal surface on which they must be installed.

Also known from the existing level of technology is the “Simulator for the development of the hand” (KIDDIS.RU, Production and sale of sports and gaming equipment, the Simulator for the development of the hands 5668, found October 15, 2017 on the Internet at http: // kiddis. ru / 2016/04 / trenazher-dlya-razraboki-kisti-ruk-5668 /).

Structurally, this simulator consists of a base, on one end of which there is a stand for the forearm, and on the other - a rotary handle with adjustable resistance to rotation. During classes, the patient makes rotational movements of the hand in one or the other direction, which contribute to the development of movements of the wrist.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to restore the movement of fingers and hands in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) this simulator is designed to restore the movements of the hand and does not provide the ability to restore the movements of the fingers;

b) the uniformity and monotony of the movements performed by patients to rotate the simulator handle in one or the other direction, which can lead to a decrease in interest in classes and rapid fatigue of patients;

c) work with this simulator is possible only if there is a horizontal surface on which it must be installed.

Also known from the prior art is the "Multifunctional developmental wall simulator", which is based on screwing-unscrewing caps on the neck of plastic bottles (Polozova E.V. Developing simulators from waste material. A practical guide for educators and methodologists of preschool educational institutions. - Voronezh: PE Lakotsenin S. S., 2009, pp. 26-30).

Structurally, this simulator is a wooden frame in which 121 holes are made (11 horizontally and 11 vertically), in which screw necks of plastic bottles are fastened, onto which standard plastic plugs are wound. The dimensions of the simulator are 650 × 700 mm.

Due to the specifics of working with this simulator, which consists in winding-up and unscrewing plastic plugs, classes with this simulator contribute to the development of fine motor skills of the fingers, as well as the formation of a number of other mental processes in children: visual-spatial perception, attention, counting operations, etc.

Unlike simulators based on the use of nuts and screws, the process of twisting and unscrewing plastic plugs is more effective for restoring finger movements in patients with a neurological clinic, due to the fact that:

a) experience in performing this action is available to one degree or another in all patients, therefore this action is more automated and accessible for implementation by patients;

b) the process of winding-unscrewing traffic jams is included in the game activity, which helps to maintain the interest of patients to classes;

c) the process of winding-unscrewing plastic plugs does not require any effort on the part of the patient.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to restore the movement of fingers and hands in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) this simulator is aimed primarily at working with children, consisting in the implementation of simple actions that contribute to the formation of spatial concepts in children, learning about counting operations and is not intended for classes with adult patients;

b) this simulator provides the ability to restore movements of the fingers and does not provide the ability to restore movements of the hand;

c) due to the sufficiently large size of the simulator, classes with it are possible only in stationary conditions.

Also known from the existing level of technology is “A simulator device for generating tasks during classes to restore visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic” (Patent RU 169473 U1, published March 21, 2017).

Structurally, this device consists of a plastic case, the inner space of which is divided into nine cells, each of which has four LEDs of different colors, and in the upper part of the case, two plates are fixed above the cells, between which work cards are sequentially laid, on the lower side of which there are images of geometric shapes made in white on a dark background. Images of geometric shapes hidden from the patient become visible after they are randomly illuminated by LEDs of different colors. The patient needs to remember the location and color of each geometric figure, and after turning off the LEDs, draw them with a colored marker on the surface of the upper plate from memory.

Thus, along with the restoration of visual-spatial memory, this device also contributes to a certain extent to the restoration of the movements of the fingers and hand, as during the lesson graphic operations are carried out to draw geometric shapes.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used during classes to simultaneously restore the movements of fingers and hands and visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) this device was not originally intended to restore the movements of the fingers and hands;

b) the graphic actions performed by the patient are insignificant in the range of movements of the fingers and hand;

c) limiting the time of classes with this device, since when the LEDs are turned on, a light stream is sent to the patient's face;

d) the structural complexity of this device, which includes electronic elements.

In order to overcome the above disadvantages, a "Ball simulator for exercises to restore the movements of fingers and hands and visual and spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic" (hereinafter referred to as the "ball simulator") was developed.

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) the actions performed by patients should be simultaneously aimed at restoring the movements of the fingers and hand and at restoring visual-spatial memory;

b) the restoration of the movements of the fingers and hands should be carried out by implementing complex rotational movements of the fingers and hands;

c) the restoration of the movements of the fingers and hand should be carried out in the course of an attractive and interesting activity for the patient;

d) ensuring the simplicity of the design of the "simulator-ball", contributing to its widespread implementation in the practice of working with patients in a neurological clinic;

d) ensuring the compact design of the "simulator ball" to realize the possibility of conducting classes in various conditions.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the functionality of the "Simulator device for the formation of tasks during classes for the restoration of visual and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic," provided by the structural elements of the proposed "simulator ball", allowing classes with patients in a neurological clinic aimed at the simultaneous restoration of several processes: a) movements of the fingers during rotational movements when wound and-loosening congestion-chips, b) the movement of the hand in the exercise turns into a good hand held "ball-simulator", c) visual-spatial memory, in accordance with the printed manual tasks used during sessions with a "trainer-ball."

This technical result is ensured due to the fact that the "simulator ball" contains a hollow spherical body made of plastic with a diameter of 50-70 mm, on the surface of which there are six cylindrical protrusions with an external thread designed to wind plastic stoppers on them, differing color, moreover, four evenly spaced cylindrical protrusions are made along the perimeter of the outer diameter of the horizontal section of the housing, one cylindrical protrusion is made in the upper part of the housing, and d a different cylindrical protrusion is made in the lower part of the body relative to the horizontal section, while the height and threaded diameter of each cylindrical protrusion are made to the height and threaded diameter of a standard plastic plug with a diameter of 28 mm, and its number is plotted on the upper surface of each cylindrical protrusion.

In a preferred embodiment, the "simulator ball" the wall thickness of the plastic housing is 2-3 mm

In the preferred embodiment of the "simulator-ball" the number of each cylindrical protrusion is made in the form of one of the numbers: "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6".

In the preferred embodiment of the “simulator ball”, standard plastic plugs of different colors with a diameter of 28 mm are used as plug-chips.

The essence of the utility model "The simulator-ball for classes to restore the movements of the fingers and hands and visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - a general view of the "simulator-ball" without traffic jams;

In FIG. 2 - "simulator-ball" with screw-on plugs;

In FIG. 3 is an example of a working card of a printed manual intended for use during classes with a "simulator-ball."

The inventive "simulator-ball" is (see Fig. 1) made of plastic hollow body (1) spherical in shape with a diameter of 50-70 mm with a wall thickness of 2-3 mm

On the surface of the housing (1), 6 (six) cylindrical protrusions (2) with an external thread are provided for screwing plastic plugs (4) onto them (see Fig. 2). Moreover, four evenly spaced cylindrical protrusions (2) are made along the perimeter of the external diameter of the horizontal section of the body (1) of the “ball simulator”, one cylindrical protrusion (2) is made in the upper part of the body (1), and the other cylindrical protrusion (2) is made in the lower part of the housing (1) relative to the horizontal section.

The height and the threaded diameter of each cylindrical protrusion (2) are made to the height and the threaded diameter of a standard plastic stopper from plastic bottles with a diameter of 28 mm (Liquid Packing LLC, Cork (cap) for a 28 mm plastic bottle was found on the Internet on October 20, 2017 at http://www.opt-union.ru/i_store/item_1002315758/probka-kolpachek-dlya-plastikovoy-butylki-28mm-podhodit-dlya-formatov-bpf-pco-40-kop.html).

On the upper surface of each cylindrical protrusion (2) is applied (for example, with dark paint) the number (3) of this cylindrical protrusion (2) which is one of the numbers: “1”, “2”, “3”, “4”, “5 "," 6 ".

As stoppers-chips (4) in work with the “exercise machine-ball” standard plastic stoppers are used from plastic bottles with a diameter of 28 mm, which are made of plastic in six different colors, for example: red, yellow, green, blue, violet and brown.

During classes with the "simulator-ball" a special printed manual is used, consisting of work cards (5) (see Fig. 3), each of which on the front and back contains a task for memorizing in the form of an image (6) of the "simulator- ball "with a different arrangement of cork-chips of different colors.

The device "Ball simulator for classes on restoring the movements of fingers and hands and visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic" works as follows:

Before the start of the lesson using the "simulator-ball", the patient holds the "simulator-ball" in a healthy hand, and with his hand in violation of his movements, unscrews the plug-chips (4) from the cylindrical protrusions (2) (restoring the movements of the fingers). At the same time, for the convenience of unscrewing the plug-chips (4), the patient needs to turn the "simulator ball", including the hand with impaired movement in this process (restoration of the movements of the hand).

Next, the patient selects one of the work cards (5) from the attached printed manual (see Fig. 3) and for some time (10 s or more) remembers the image (6) of the “exercise machine-ball” with colored traffic jams on this work card (5), after which it closes this work card (5) with a blank sheet of paper.

After that, the patient from memory (restoration of visual-spatial memory) wraps plug-chips (4) of different colors (restoration of finger movements) on the cylindrical protrusions (2) of the "exercise machine ball" (see Fig. 2) in accordance with the stored image (6) (see Fig. 3), while turning the "simulator ball" with the hand with impaired movement (restoring the movements of the hand).

Lastly, the patient winds on the cylindrical protrusion (2) the remaining plug-chip (4), which is not visible on the image (6) of the “simulator-ball” on the work card (5).

If the patient has difficulties in determining the location of the plug-chip (4) of any color, he can briefly lift a sheet of paper covering the work card (5) with the memorized image (6), thus obtaining a hint.

After completing the winding of all the plug-chips (4), the patient checks the correctness of the task by comparing the location of the plug-chips (4) on a real "simulator-ball" with his image (6) on the work card (5).

Next, the patient twists all the plugs (4) from the cylindrical protrusions (2) of the "simulator ball" (restoring the movements of the fingers and wrist), selects a new work card (5) with the task, and the whole sequence of actions is repeated.

Along with the above method, work with the "simulator-ball" can be carried out in another way, based on the use of numbers (3) printed on the cylindrical protrusions (2).

This method consists in the fact that the patient winds up plugs (4) in random order on cylindrical protrusions (2) (restoring the movements of fingers and hands), while remembering the number (3) of the cylindrical protrusion (2) and the color of the plug (4) screwed onto a given cylindrical protrusion (2) (memory recovery). For example, the red plug-chip (4) is screwed onto a cylindrical protrusion (2) with the first number (3), the yellow plug-chip (4) is screwed onto a cylindrical protrusion (2) with the second number (3), etc.

After wrapping all the plugs-chips (4), the patient needs to unscrew them as follows:

a) in a direct order, starting with a stopper-chip (4) screwed onto a cylindrical ledge (2) with the first number (3) and ending with a stopper-chip screwed onto a cylindrical ledge (2) with the sixth number (3);

b) in the reverse order, starting with the plug-chip (4) screwed onto the cylindrical protrusion (2) with the sixth number (3) and ending with the plug-chip screwed onto the cylindrical protrusion (2) with the first number (3);

c) in any other order specified by a specialist.

Along with activities aimed at restoring the movements of fingers and hands and visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic, the "simulator ball" can be used in the following cases:

a) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age who have impaired finger and hand movements and visuospatial memory;

b) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children with impaired formation of small movements of the fingers and hands and visual-spatial memory;

c) as a game aimed at the development and training of small movements of fingers and hands and visual-spatial memory in healthy children.

Thus, the “simulator-ball” allows you to conduct classes with patients of the neurological clinic aimed at the simultaneous restoration of several processes: a) movements of the fingers in the course of rotational movements while twisting-unscrewing plugs, b) movements of the wrist when making turns held in healthy arm of the "ball simulator", c) visual-spatial memory in accordance with the tasks of the printed manual used during classes with the "ball simulator".

The proposed “ball simulator” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into interesting and attractive training for patients.

Claims (4)

1. A ball simulator for exercises to restore the movements of fingers and hands and visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic, characterized in that it contains a hollow spherical body made of plastic with a diameter of 50-70 mm, on the surface of which six cylindrical protrusions are made with an external thread with plastic stoppers screwed on them, which differ in color, moreover, four evenly spaced cylinders are made along the perimeter of the outer diameter of the horizontal section of the body dricic protrusions, one cylindrical protrusion is made in the upper part of the housing, and another cylindrical protrusion is made in the lower part of the housing relative to the horizontal section, while the height and threaded diameter of each cylindrical protrusion are made to the height and threaded diameter of a standard plastic plug with a diameter of 28 mm, and on the top the surface of each cylindrical protrusion is marked with its number. 2. The ball simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall thickness of the plastic housing is 2-3 mm. 3. The ball simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of each cylindrical protrusion is made in the form of one of the numbers "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6". 4. The ball simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that standard plastic plugs of different colors with a diameter of 28 mm are used as plug plugs.

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