RU204968U1 - Game cylindrical trainer for group exercises to restore finger and hand movements, as well as intellectual activity in neurological patients - Google Patents

Abstract

The useful model relates to medicine in the field of neurology, neurorehabilitation and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting group sessions to restore impaired finger and hand movements, as well as intellectual activity in neurological patients with organic brain lesions of various etiologies. The utility model contains a plastic hollow cylindrical body (1), on the lateral surface of which there are marking lines (2a, 2b) forming identical rectangular cells (3) on the side surface of the body (1), in the center of each of which there is a hollow cylindrical protrusion (4) with external thread; while rectangular cells (3) are located on the side surface of the body (1) in vertical rows, with the same number of rectangular cells (3) in each vertical row; while the cylindrical protrusions (4) are the same, and plastic caps (5) are screwed on them, differing in two colors. Thus, the declared "Game cylindrical simulator" allows for group exercises aimed at the simultaneous restoration of several processes: a) movements fingers of the hand when twisting-unscrewing the caps-chips; b) hand movements when turning the body during the game; c) intellectual activity in solving game problems arising in the course of the game "Tic-Tac-Toe". The declared "Game cylindrical simulator" introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation exercises with patients, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients. Due to the simplicity of the design and Ease of use "Game cylindrical simulator" can find wide application in clinical practice.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the field of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes on the restoration of impaired finger and hand movements, as well as intellectual activity in neurological patients.

The forms of its organization used in the course of classes with neurological patients with impairments of various mental and motor functions play an important role for the effectiveness of restorative training.

Methods and forms of organization of restorative education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for the maximum use of all human capabilities and abilities, use of the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S.Aphazia and restorative education. M .; Moscow Psychology -social institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001).

One of the forms of organization of restorative training, which is based on the use of the social environment and other social factors, is the group form of training, which contributes to an increase in the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental and motor functions, expanding and supplementing individual training with a specialist and independent training of patients during their stay in neurological clinic.

Group lessons allow realizing, first of all, the activity of communication and influence on the patient's personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competitiveness, etc. (Tsvetkova LS Aphasia and restorative education. M .; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing House of NPO "MODEK", 2001).

According to the expert on group dynamics, Marvin Shaw, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (D. Myers Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997).

The use of the group form of training contributes to an increase in the effectiveness of restorative training when working on the restoration of various mental functions in neurological patients, including intellectual activity, as well as motor functions, including movements of the fingers and hand.

Violation of the movements of the fingers and hands, as well as intellectual activity occurs in neurological patients due to organic lesions of the brain of various etiologies.

Violation of the movements of the fingers and wrist leads to difficulties in performing various household actions by patients that require precise, coordinated movements of the fingers and the hand.

To restore the movements of the fingers of the hand, various devices and simulators are used that ensure the inclusion of the fingers in various movements, one of which is the rotation of a small object by the fingers of the hand.

So, from the existing state of the art there is known a device "Exercise machine table" Panel with nuts "" designed to restore the movements of the fingers of the hand by performing exercises based on twisting and unscrewing metal nuts with the fingers (Internet store "TD Armada", Exercise machine table "Panel with nuts ", found on the Internet on 10.04.2021 at https://armada24.ru/product/trenazher-nastolnyj-panel-s-gajkami/).

Structurally, this device is a three-stage wooden base, at each stage of which there are four metal screws with nuts of different sizes.

The disadvantages of this device when used in the course of group exercises to restore the movements of the fingers and hands, as well as intellectual activity in neurological patients are:

a) this device is not intended for use in group activities;

b) this device is designed to restore the movements of the fingers of the hand, but does not provide the ability to restore the movements of the hand;

c) this device is not intended to restore intellectual activity;

d) the uniformity and monotony of the movements performed by twisting-unscrewing the nuts leads to a decrease in the interest of patients in the exercise process and their rapid fatigue;

e) work with this device is possible only if there is a horizontal surface on which it must be installed.

Also, from the existing state of the art, the device "Game panel simulator for group exercises to restore fine motor skills, visual-spatial memory and intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic" is known (Patent RU 182218 U1 dated 07.08.2018).

Structurally, this device is a rectangular plate, on the surface of which a marking is applied in the form of a playing field for the game "Tic-Tac-Toe", which consists of identical cells, in the center of each of which there is a cylindrical protrusion with an external thread, intended for winding a plastic plug-chip containing the image of "cross" and "zero".

Unlike the device discussed above, based on the use of metal nuts, the process of twisting-unscrewing plastic plugs during play is more effective for restoring finger movements, due to the fact that:

a) all patients have experience in performing this action, therefore this action is more automated and available for implementation by patients;

b) the process of twisting-unscrewing the plugs is included in the game, which is aimed at restoring intellectual activity and helping to maintain the interest of patients in the exercise process.

The disadvantages of this device when used in the course of group exercises to restore the movements of the fingers and hands, as well as intellectual activity in neurological patients are:

a) this device is designed to restore the movements of the fingers of the hand, but does not provide the ability to restore the movements of the hand;

b) this device is based on the use of the simplest version of the game "Tic-tac-toe", which reduces interest in classes in some patients.

Also known from the prior art is a device "Exercise machine-ball for exercises to restore movements of fingers and hands and visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic" (Patent RU 177261 U1 dated 02.14.2018).

Structurally, this device is a plastic spherical body, on the surface of which there are six cylindrical protrusions with an external thread, designed for winding plastic plugs-chips of various colors.

In the course of training with this device, work cards are used containing images of the device with screwed-on cork-chips of different colors, the location of which the patient must remember, and then screw the cork-counters of similar colors onto the corresponding cylindrical protrusions of the device.

The disadvantages of this device when used in the course of group exercises to restore the movements of the fingers and hands, as well as intellectual activity in neurological patients are:

a) this device is not intended for use in group activities;

b) this device is not intended to restore intellectual activity.

Also known from the existing prior art is the device "Game simulator-cylinder for group exercises to restore motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic" (Patent RU 189164 U1 from 15.05.2019).

Structurally, this device is a plastic case in the form of a cylinder, on the end sides of which handles are located, and on the surface of each side face there are recessed cells that form a single playing field for playing Tic-Tac-Toe.

In the course of training, one of the patients, holding this device by one of the handles, inscribes an image of a "cross" into one of the recessed cells, after which he hands the device over to another patient, who takes it by the other handle and inscribes the image of a "zero" with a water marker. any of the free recessed cells.

At the same time, in order to be able to see the entire playing field, the patients are forced to make various movements (tilts, turns, etc.) with the hand holding the device, which help to restore the motor functions of the hand.

The disadvantages of this device when used in the course of group exercises to restore the movements of the fingers and hands, as well as intellectual activity in neurological patients are:

a) this device does not provide the ability to restore the movements of the fingers of the hand;

b) the difficulty of holding the device by the handle with the fingers of the hand for patients with impaired motor functions of the fingers.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above devices and simulators, the "Game cylindrical simulator for group exercises to restore the movements of the fingers and hand, as well as intellectual activity in neurological patients" (hereinafter referred to as the "Game cylindrical simulator") has been developed.

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) the actions performed by the patients should be simultaneously aimed both at restoring motor functions - movements of the fingers and hand, and at restoring mental functions - intellectual activity;

b) restoration of finger and hand movements should be carried out in the course of an attractive and interesting game activity for patients;

c) the restoration of the movements of the fingers of the hand should be carried out during the execution of rotational movements when winding-unscrewing the caps-chips;

d) restoration of hand movements should be carried out during the implementation of turns of the device, ensuring the ability to see the entire playing field;

e) restoration of intellectual activity should be carried out in the course of solving game problems arising in the process of the game "Tic-Tac-Toe";

f) the simplicity of the design of the "Play cylindrical simulator", contributing to its widespread implementation in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the implementation of the possibility of conducting attractive and interesting for patients classes on restoring movements of fingers and hands, as well as intellectual activity, provided by the structural elements of the declared "Game cylindrical simulator", which allow to conduct group classes in a playful manner, which are directed on the simultaneous restoration of finger and hand movements, as well as intellectual activity in neurological patients.

This technical result is provided due to the fact that the "Game cylindrical simulator" contains a plastic hollow cylindrical body, on the side surface of which there are marking lines that form on the side surface of the body identical rectangular cells, in the center of each of which there is a hollow cylindrical protrusion with an external thread ; when this rectangular cells are located on the side surface of the body in vertical rows, with the same number of rectangular cells in each vertical row; in this case, the cylindrical protrusions are the same, and plastic caps are screwed on them, differing in two colors.

In the preferred embodiment of the "Play Cylindrical Trainer", one of the marking lines is made wider than the other marking lines.

The essence of the useful model "Game cylindrical simulator for group exercises to restore finger and hand movements, as well as intellectual activity in neurological patients" is illustrated by drawings, which show:

in fig. 1 - General view of the body of the "Game cylindrical trainer";

in fig. 2 - top view of the body of the "Game cylindrical trainer";

in fig. 3 - General view of the "Game cylindrical trainer" (with screwed caps-counters);

in fig. 4 - top view of the "Game cylindrical trainer" (with screwed caps-counters).

The declared "Game cylindrical simulator" (see Fig. 1, 2) is a plastic hollow body (1) of a cylindrical shape, open on the upper and lower sides, on the side surface of which lines (2a, 2b) are made (for example, with dark paint) markings forming on the side surface of the body (1) identical rectangular cells (3), in the center of each of which there is a hollow cylindrical protrusion (4) with an external thread designed for screwing on a plastic cap-chip (5) (see Fig. 3, four).

The dimensions indicated below for this particular "Play Cylindrical Trainer" are not indications that narrow the scope of legal protection, since they may change in the process of its creation.

The diameter of the body (1) of the "Play Cylindrical Trainer" is 50-150 mm, the height is 100-300 mm, and the wall thickness is 4-8 mm.

Rectangular cells (3) are located on the side surface of the body (1) in vertical rows, the number of which is from four to eight or more rows.

The number of rectangular cells (3) in each vertical row is the same and ranges from three to six or more pieces.

Rectangular cells (3) with cylindrical protrusions (4), made on the side surface of the body (1), form a single playing field for the game "Tic-tac-toe", the game elements of which are plastic caps (5) of two colors (one of which means "crosses", and the other "zeros"), which are wound in the process of training on cylindrical protrusions (4).

The width of the lines (2a) of the marking is 1-2 mm. At the same time, to indicate the boundaries of the playing field, one of the marking lines (2b), located between the vertical rows of rectangular cells (3), is made wider (3-4 mm) compared to other marking lines (2a).

The height and threaded diameter of each cylindrical protrusion (4) are made to match the height and threaded diameter of a plastic cap with an internal thread. In this case, all cylindrical protrusions (4) are the same.

As caps-chips (5) can be used:

a) commercially available plastic lids with an internal thread with a diameter of 14 mm (Plastic lid (diameter 14 mm) https://www.era-vodoleya.ru/krishka_1/) up to 28 mm (Plastic lid (diameter 28 mm) https: / /www.era-vodoleya.ru/krishka_32/) and more;

b) plastic caps (5) with an internal thread specially made for training with the "Game cylindrical simulator".

To provide additional convenience for holding and turning the body (1) of the "Play cylindrical simulator" during exercise, jumpers (6) 10-15 mm wide can be made from the upper and lower sides of the body (1).

The work with the device "Game cylindrical simulator for group exercises to restore the movements of fingers and hands, as well as intellectual activity in neurological patients" is carried out as follows.

Before conducting a course of rehabilitation classes, a specialist forms a group of two patients who have approximately the same degree of disturbance in the movements of the fingers and hands, and, if possible, intellectual activity.

At the beginning of the lesson, one of the patients, holding the "Game cylindrical simulator" with his healthy hand, unscrews (restoring the movements of the fingers) with his hand with disturbed movements of the cap-counter (5) from all cylindrical protrusions (4) of the body (1).

At the same time, to unscrew all the caps-chips (5), the patient needs to turn the "Game cylindrical simulator", including in this process the hand with impaired movements (restoration of hand movements).

Twisted caps-counters (5) are divided equally between patients in such a way that one of them receives caps-counters (5) of one color (denoting "crosses"), and the other patient receives caps-counters (5) of a different color (denoting "noughts ").

Next, one of the patients winds (restoring the movements of the fingers of the hand) the lid-counter (5), denoting a "cross", onto one of the cylindrical protrusions (4) of the body (1), after which the other patient makes the next move (restoration of intellectual activity), winding (restoring the movements of the fingers of the hand) the cover-counter (5) indicating "zero" on some other cylindrical protrusion (4) of the body (1), etc.

At the same time, in order to ensure the ability to see the entire playing field and wind up the next caps-chips (5), patients are forced to turn the "Game cylindrical simulator", including in this process the hand with impaired movements (restoration of hand movements).

The game ends with the victory of one of the patients, who, in accordance with the rules of the game "Tic-Tac-Toe", made a row (horizontal, vertical or diagonal) of the caps-chips (5) of the same color, or in a draw, when you make a row of caps-chips (5 ) failed to any of the patients.

After completing the game, the patients unscrew (restoring the movements of the fingers and hand) all the caps (5) from the cylindrical protrusions (4), after which the "Game cylindrical simulator" can be used for a new game.

Thus, the effectiveness of the "Game cylindrical simulator" is associated with the fact that in the process of training, patients solve various game problems (restoration of intellectual activity), winding (restoration of movements of the fingers of the hand) the caps (5) on the cylindrical protrusions (4) of the body (1 ) "Game cylindrical simulator" and turning (restoration of hand movements) with his hand with impaired movements to ensure the ability to see the entire playing field with screwed caps-pieces (5).

Along with this, the effectiveness of the "Game cylindrical simulator" is also associated with the fact that the process of training includes social factors of influence on the mental sphere of patients through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competitiveness. In addition, it is important that in the case of a lack of motivation to train in one patient, there is his motivation to train on the part of another patient.

Along with exercises aimed at restoring finger and hand movements, as well as intellectual activity in neurological patients, the "Game cylindrical simulator" can be effectively used in the following cases:

a) when conducting classes to restore the movements of the fingers and hands, disturbed as a result of various other reasons, for example, injuries, the consequences of surgical operations, etc.;

b) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children who have disorders in the formation of fine motor skills and intellectual activity;

c) when conducting neuropsychological trainings with elderly people;

d) as a game aimed at developing and training fine motor skills and intellectual activity in healthy children.

Thus, the declared "Cylindrical game simulator" allows to conduct group exercises aimed at the simultaneous restoration of several processes: a) movements of the fingers of the hand when winding-unscrewing the caps-chips; b) hand movements when turning the body; c) intellectual activity in solving various problems arising in the process of the game "Tic-Tac-Toe".

The declared "Game cylindrical simulator" introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation exercises with patients, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients.

Due to its simplicity of design and ease of use, the "Play Cylindrical Trainer" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Claims (2)

1. Game cylindrical simulator for group exercises to restore the movements of fingers and hand, as well as intellectual activity in neurological patients, characterized by the fact that it contains a plastic hollow cylindrical body, on the lateral surface of which there are marking lines that form the same rectangular on the lateral surface of the body cells, in the center of each of which there is a hollow cylindrical protrusion with an external thread; when this rectangular cells are located on the side surface of the body in vertical rows, with the same number of rectangular cells in each vertical row; in this case, the cylindrical protrusions are the same, and plastic caps are screwed on them, differing in two colors. 2. Game cylindrical trainer according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the marking lines is made wider than the other marking lines.

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