RU206773U1 - Polygon trainer for group exercises to restore finger and hand movements, as well as visual-spatial memory in neurological patients - Google Patents

Abstract

The useful model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting group exercises to restore finger and hand movements, as well as visual-spatial memory in neurological patients with organic brain lesions of various etiologies. The utility model contains a flat plastic base (1) in the form of a regular polygon, in the central part of which a through cut is made, and on the front surface of the base (1) there are uniformly spaced identical cylindrical protrusions (2) with an external thread, onto which plastic covers are screwed - chips (4) of various colors, and on the back surface of the base (1), under each cylindrical protrusion (2), there is a recess cell (3), made with the possibility of inscribing letters with a water marker; at the same time, the depth of the cells-depressions (3) is the same, and their number and location corresponds to the number and location of cylindrical protrusions (2). Thus, the declared useful model allows group exercises with neurological patients aimed at the simultaneous restoration of several processes: a) movements of the fingers of the hand during rotational movements when twisting-unscrewing the plug-chips, b) movements of the hand when making turns of the device during the lesson, c) visual-spatial memory during exercises using the device. lessons, an element of novelty, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients.Due to the simplicity of the design and ease of use, the polygon simulator can be widely used in clinical practice.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting group sessions on restoring finger and hand movements, as well as visual-spatial memory in neurological patients with organic brain lesions of various etiology.

The forms of its organization used in the course of classes with neurological patients with impairments of various mental and motor functions play an important role for the effectiveness of restorative training.

Methods and forms of organization of restorative education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for the maximum use of all human capabilities and abilities, use of the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S.Aphazia and restorative education. M .; Moscow Psychology -social institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001).

One of the forms of organization of restorative training, which is based on the use of the social environment and other social factors, is the group form of training, which contributes to an increase in the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental and motor functions, expanding and supplementing individual training with a specialist and independent training of patients during their stay in neurological clinic.

Group lessons allow realizing, first of all, the activity of communication and influence on the patient's personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competitiveness, etc. (Tsvetkova LS Aphasia and restorative education. M .; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing House of NPO "MODEK", 2001).

According to the expert on group dynamics, Marvin Shaw, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (D. Myers Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997).

The use of the group form of training contributes to an increase in the effectiveness of restorative training when working on the restoration of various mental functions in neurological patients, including visual-spatial memory, as well as motor functions, including movements of the fingers and the hand.

Violation of the movements of the fingers and hands, as well as visual-spatial memory occurs in neurological patients due to organic lesions of the brain of various etiologies.

Violation of the movements of the fingers and wrist leads to difficulties in performing various household actions by patients that require precise, coordinated movements of the fingers and the hand.

To restore the movements of the fingers of the hand, various devices and simulators are used that ensure the inclusion of the fingers in various movements, one of which is the rotation of a small object by the fingers of the hand.

So, from the existing level of technology known "Exercise machine table" Panel with nuts "", designed to restore fine motor skills of the fingers by performing exercises based on twisting and unscrewing metal nuts with your fingers (Internet store "TD Armada", Exercise machine table "Panel with nuts ", found on the Internet on July 17, 2021 at https://armada24.ru/product/trenazher-nastolnyj-panel-s-gajkami/).

Structurally, this simulator is a three-stage wooden base, at each stage of which there are four metal screws with nuts of different sizes, which patients tighten and unscrew during the lesson.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it in the course of group exercises to restore the movements of the fingers and wrist, as well as visual-spatial memory in neurological patients are:

a) this simulator is not intended for use in group exercises;

b) this simulator is not intended to restore visual-spatial memory;

c) this simulator is designed to restore the movements of the fingers of the hand, but does not provide the ability to restore the movements of the hand;

d) the uniformity and monotony of the movements performed by twisting and unscrewing the nuts, which leads to a decrease in patients' interest in the exercise process and their rapid fatigue.

Also, from the existing prior art, the device "Trainer-palette for exercises to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic" is known (Patent RU 184395 U9 dated November 21, 2018).

Structurally, this device is a flat plastic base in the form of an oval palette, on the front surface of which a group of cylindrical protrusions is made, intended for winding plastic plugs-chips of different colors.

In the course of training with this device, working cards are used containing an image of the device with colored circles, the location and color of which the patient must remember and reproduce from memory by winding the plugs of a given color onto the corresponding cylindrical protrusions of the device.

Unlike the simulator discussed above, based on the use of metal nuts, the process of twisting-unscrewing plastic plugs is more effective for restoring finger movements due to the fact that:

a) all patients have experience in performing this action, therefore it is more automated and available for implementation by patients;

b) the process of winding and unscrewing the plugs is included in the activity aimed at restoring visual-spatial memory, which helps to maintain the interest of patients in the exercise process.

The disadvantages of this device when using it in the course of group exercises to restore the movements of the fingers and hand, as well as visual-spatial memory in neurological patients are:

a) this device is not intended for use in group activities;

b) this device is designed to restore the movements of the fingers of the hand, but does not provide the ability to restore the movements of the hand;

c) the need to use additional elements such as work cards.

Also known from the existing prior art is a device "Exerciser-ring for exercises to restore movements of fingers and hands and visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic" (Patent RU 176529 U1 dated January 22, 2018).

Structurally, this device is a plastic ring with a circular cross-section, along the outer edge of which cylindrical protrusions are made, intended for winding plastic plugs-chips of different colors.

In the course of training with this device, work cards are used that contain images of the device with different locations of plugs-chips of different colors, the location and color of which the patient must remember and reproduce from memory by winding the plugs-chips of a given color onto the corresponding cylindrical protrusions of the device.

Unlike the device discussed above, this device provides the possibility of restoring not only the movements of the fingers of the hand by winding-unscrewing the plug-chips, but also the possibility of restoring the movements of the hand by turning the device during the exercise.

The disadvantages of this device when using it in the course of group exercises to restore the movements of the fingers and hand, as well as visual-spatial memory in neurological patients are:

a) this device is not intended for use in group activities;

b) the need to use additional elements such as work cards.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above devices and simulators, as well as expand the arsenal of devices intended for group exercises to restore finger and hand movements, as well as visual-spatial memory, a "Polygon trainer for group exercises to restore finger and hand movements has been developed. also visual-spatial memory in neurological patients "(hereinafter referred to as" Polygon simulator ").

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) the actions performed by the patients should be simultaneously directed both at the restoration of motor functions - movements of the fingers and hand, and at the restoration of mental functions - visual-spatial memory;

b) ensuring the possibility of conducting group exercises with patients;

c) increasing the attractiveness of classes for patients through the use of a new device;

d) the restoration of the movements of the fingers of the hand should be carried out during the execution of rotational movements when winding and unscrewing the caps-chips;

e) restoration of hand movements should be carried out during the rotation of the device during the lesson;

f) restoration of finger and hand movements should be carried out in the course of an interesting activity for the patient, aimed at restoring visual-spatial memory;

g) the ability to change the degree of complexity of exercises aimed at restoring visual-spatial memory;

h) no need to use additional elements such as work cards;

i) the use of ready-made elements in the construction of the "Polygon Trainer", which reduce its cost;

j) the simplicity of the construction of the "Polygon Trainer", which contributes to its widespread introduction into clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to expand the arsenal of devices intended for group exercises to restore finger and hand movements, as well as visual-spatial memory, which helps to maintain patients' interest in the exercise process and is provided by the structural elements of the claimed "Polygon Trainer" conduct attractive group sessions for patients aimed at the simultaneous restoration of finger and hand movements, as well as visual-spatial memory, without the use of additional elements such as work cards.

This technical result is provided due to the fact that the "Simulator-polygon" contains a flat plastic base having the shape of a regular polygon in the central part of which a through cut is made, and uniformly spaced identical cylindrical protrusions with an external thread are made on the front surface of the base, on which plastic caps-counters of various colors, and on the reverse surface of the base, under each cylindrical protrusion, there is a recess cell made with the possibility of inscribing letters with a water marker; in this case, the depth of the cells-recesses is the same, and their number and location corresponds to the number and location of the cylindrical protrusions.

In a preferred embodiment of the Polygon Trainer, the base is in the shape of a triangle.

In a preferred embodiment of the Polygon Trainer, the base is in the shape of a quadrangle.

In a preferred embodiment of the Polygon Trainer, the base is in the shape of a pentagon.

In a preferred embodiment of the Polygon Trainer, the base is in the shape of a hexagon.

In a preferred embodiment of the Polygon Trainer, the base is in the shape of a heptagon.

In a preferred embodiment of the Polygon Trainer, the base is in the shape of an octagon.

In a preferred embodiment of the Polygon Trainer, the base is in the shape of a nine-sided base.

In a preferred embodiment of the Polygon Trainer, the base is in the shape of a decagon.

In a preferred embodiment of the "Polygon Trainer", the surface of the recessed cells is coated with a different coating from the base color.

The essence of the useful model "Polygon simulator for group exercises for restoring finger and hand movements, as well as visual-spatial memory in neurological patients" is illustrated by drawings, which show:

FIG. 1 is a view of the front surface of the "Polygon Trainer" without caps-counters;

FIG. 2 - view of the back surface of the "Polygon simulator";

FIG. 3 - a view of the front surface of the "Polygon simulator" with screwed caps-counters.

The declared "Simulator-polygon" (see Fig. 1-3) is a flat plastic base (1) having the shape of a regular polygon in the central part of which a through cut is made, and on the front surface of the base (1) (see Fig. 1 ) there are evenly spaced cylindrical protrusions (2) with an external thread, intended for winding in the process of training plastic caps-chips (4) (see Fig. 3) of various colors (the number of which ranges from three to six or more colors), and the back surface of the base (1) (see Fig. 2), under each cylindrical protrusion (2) a recess cell (3) is made, intended for inscribing the initial letters of the names of colors corresponding to the colors of the used caps-chips in the process of practicing with an easily erasable water marker (4).

The term "polygon" refers to a geometric figure defined as a part of a plane bounded by a closed polyline. A polygon with three vertices is called a triangle, with four a quadrilateral, five a pentagon, etc. A polygon is called regular if it has equal all sides and all angles (Wikipedia. Polygon, found on July 17, 2021 on the Internet at https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygon).

Thus, the base (1) of the "Polygon Trainer" can be in the form of a triangle, a quadrangle (square), a pentagon, a hexagon, a heptagon, an octagon, a nentagon, a decagon, etc.

The dimensions of this particular "Polygon Trainer" indicated below are not signs that narrow the scope of legal protection, since they may change in the process of its creation.

The thickness of the base (1) of the "Polygon Trainer" is 4-8 mm, and the diameter of the circle circumscribed around the base (1) can be 120-250 mm.

The cutout made in the central part of the base (1) of the "Polygon Trainer" has the shape of a polygon or a circle.

Thus, the construction of the base (1) of the "Polygon simulator" provides the convenience of its grip and holding by the patients during the exercise.

Cylindrical protrusions (2) are made at the corners or on the sides of the front surface of the base (1) of the "Polygon simulator", and their number can be from 3 to 10 or more pieces.

The minimum distance between adjacent cylindrical projections (2) is 15-20 mm.

The dimensions (height and threaded diameter) of each cylindrical protrusion (2) are the same, and are made to match the dimensions (height and threaded diameter) of a plastic cap with an internal thread.

As caps-chips (4) can be used:

a) commercially available plastic caps with an internal thread with a diameter of 14 mm (Plastic cap (diameter 14 mm) https://www.era-vodoleya.ru/krishka_1/) up to 28 mm (Plastic cap (diameter 28 mm) https: / /www.era-vodoleya.ru/krishka_32/) and more;

b) plastic caps (4) with internal thread specially made for training with the "Polygon simulator".

The number and location of the recessed cells (3) made on the reverse surface of the base (1) corresponds to the number and location of the cylindrical protrusions (2) on the front surface of the base (1).

In this case, the recessed cells (3) can have the shape of pentagons (see Fig. 2) or other geometric shapes, for example, octagons, circles, etc.

The minimum distance between the recessed cells (3) and the edges of the base (1) is 3-5 mm, and the minimum distance between adjacent recessed cells (3) is 2-4 mm.

The depth of all recessed cells (3) is the same and equal to 1-2 mm.

Thus, the design features of the recessed cells (3) provide the convenience of inscribing letters in them with a water marker and make the exercise process accessible to patients with fine motor impairment and hand tremors. At the same time, the small depth of the recessed cells (3) does not prevent the letters inscribed in them from being removed by means of a sponge designed to erase water markers.

For a better perception by patients of the cells-depressions (3), a background coating can be applied on their surface (for example, by means of paint), which differs from the color of the base (1).

To facilitate the correlation in the process of occupying the cylindrical protrusions (2) of the front surface of the base (1) and the cells-depressions (3) of the back surface of the base (1), dividing lines ( 5).

To provide additional convenience of using the "Polygon Trainer", an eyelet (6) with a through hole can be made on the end surface of the base (1), which provides: a) the spatial orientation of the "Polygon Trainer" during training; b) allows you to insert a lace into it for the convenience of turning over the "Polygon Trainer"; c) allows you to place the "Polygon simulator" on the horizontal surface of the walls during storage.

An eyelet is a device on the side of various objects for more convenient lifting, holding, hanging, etc. (Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Efremova. The meaning of the word ear, found on July 17, 2021 on the Internet at https://www.efremova.info/word/ushko.html#.XkdSQxtn3IU).

The width of the eyelet (6) is 10-16 mm, and the diameter of the through hole is 6-10 mm.

To ensure the convenience of lifting the "Polygon simulator" when it is turned over, notches with a depth of 0.5-1 mm can be applied to the end surfaces of the base (1) (not shown in the figures).

Working with the device "Polygon simulator for group exercises to restore finger and hand movements, as well as visual-spatial memory in neurological patients" is carried out as follows:

Before starting the lesson, the specialist forms a group of two patients who have approximately the same degree of impairment in the movements of the fingers and hands, and, if possible, visual-spatial memory.

In this case, the specialist appoints one patient to form the task, and the other patient to perform the task.

Next, the patients alternately twist (restoring the movements of the fingers) the caps (4) from the cylindrical protrusions (2), after which the patient, who forms the task, turns over (restoring the movements of the hand) the "Polygon simulator", including in this process the hand with violation of movements, and inscribes with an easily erased water marker in separate cells-recesses (3) of the base (1) the first letters of the names of the colors of the used caps-chips (4), for example: "З" - green, "C" - blue, "Ж" - yellow, etc.

At the same time, the number of indentation cells (3), into which letters are inscribed, is determined by a specialist and increases as patients achieve positive results in the restoration of visual-spatial memory.

Further, the patient performing the task, during the time interval specified by the specialist (from 20 or more seconds) memorizes (restoration of visual-spatial memory) the location of the recessed cells (3) with letters inscribed, and then turns over (restoration of hand movements) the base (1 ) Of the "Polygon simulator", and from memory (restoration of visual-spatial memory) winds (restoration of finger movements) the caps (4) of the colors specified by the letters onto the corresponding cylindrical protrusions (2) of the "Polygon simulator".

In case of difficulty, the patient performing the task can turn over for a short time (restoration of hand movements) "Polygon simulator", thus receiving a hint.

Checking the correctness of the task is carried out by direct comparison of the colors of the screwed caps-counters (4) and letters inscribed in the cells-recesses (3), due to one or several turns (restoration of hand movements) of the "Polygon Trainer".

Further, the patients alternately unscrew (restoration of finger movements) the caps (4) from the cylindrical protrusions (2), and remove the inscribed letters by means of a sponge designed to erase water markers, after which the patient forming the task and the patient performing the task , change roles, and the entire sequence of actions described above is repeated a number of times specified by a specialist.

Along with conducting group exercises to restore finger and hand movements, as well as visual-spatial memory in adult patients, the "Polygon simulator" can be effectively used for group correctional and developmental exercises with children with disorders of fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory.

In this case, the classes are carried out in the way described above, only instead of writing letters into the recessed cells (3), one of the students paints part of the recessed cells (3) with water markers of various colors, after which the other student winds the caps-chips from memory (4) the specified colors on the corresponding cylindrical protrusions (2).

Also, the "Polygon simulator" can be effectively used in the following cases:

a) when conducting neuropsychological trainings with elderly people;

b) as an educational game aimed at training visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills in healthy children.

Thus, the claimed "Polygon simulator" allows to conduct group exercises with neurological patients aimed at the simultaneous restoration of several processes: a) movements of the fingers of the hand during rotational movements when twisting-unscrewing the plug-chips, b) movements of the hand when turning the device during the lesson, c) visual-spatial memory during exercise using the device.

The declared "Simulator-polygon" introduces an element of novelty into the process of recovery exercises, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients.

Due to its simplicity of design and ease of use, the "Polygon simulator" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Claims (10)

1. A polygon simulator for group exercises to restore finger and hand movements, as well as visual-spatial memory in neurological patients, characterized by the fact that it contains a flat plastic base in the form of a regular polygon, in the central part of which a through cut is made, and on the front surface of the base is made of uniformly spaced identical cylindrical protrusions with external threads, onto which plastic caps-chips of various colors are screwed, and on the back surface of the base, under each cylindrical protrusion, there is a recess cell made with the possibility of inscribing letters with a water marker; in this case, the depth of the cells-recesses is the same, and their number and location corresponds to the number and location of the cylindrical protrusions. 2. The simulator-polygon according to claim 1, characterized in that the base has the shape of a triangle. 3. The exercise machine-polygon according to claim 1, characterized in that the base has the shape of a quadrangle. 4. The polygon simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the base has the shape of a pentagon. 5. The polygon simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the base has the shape of a hexagon. 6. The exercise machine-polygon according to claim 1, characterized in that the base has the shape of a heptagon. 7. The exercise machine-polygon according to claim 1, characterized in that the base has the shape of an octagon. 8. The simulator-polygon according to claim 1, characterized in that the base has the shape of a nine-sided. 9. The polygon simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the base has the shape of a decagon. 10. The polygon simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the recessed cells is coated with a coating that differs from the color of the base.

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