RU185034U1 - Cork panel simulator for exercises to restore fine motor skills and spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore fine motor skills and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic. A cork panel simulator has been developed for classes in restoring fine motor skills and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic, containing a plastic base of a circular shape, having a diameter of 260-340 mm and a thickness of 3-5 mm. Hollow cylindrical protrusions with an external thread are made on the front surface of the plastic base for screwing plastic screw plugs. On the back of the plastic base, through holes are made, the number, location and diameter of which correspond to the number, location and internal diameter of the cylindrical protrusions. In the central part of the front and back sides of the base, a geometric star-shaped figure above them is made up of 2-3 mm in height, consisting of eight triangular-shaped arrows directed in different directions around the circumference of the base of the front and back sides, with the same angular intervals structuring the location of the cylindrical protrusions, linking each of them with a different spatial direction. At the same time, a mark is provided on one of the arrows on the front and back sides, which ensures spatial orientation, along the perimeter of the plastic base, on the front and back sides, shoulders are made, the width of which is 6-10 mm, and the thickness is equal to the height of the geometric figure. The technical result is to expand the functionality of the simulator, provided by structural elements that allow classes aimed at the simultaneous restoration of fine motor skills, by performing rotational movements with the fingers of the hand, and spatial memory by storing the spatial location of the plug-chips using different methods that contribute to diversity activities that make them more interesting for patients.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore fine motor skills and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

Violation of fine motor skills and spatial memory occurs in patients with a neurological clinic due to organic brain lesions of various etiologies.

Violation of fine motor skills leads to difficulties in patients performing various everyday actions that require precise finger movements.

To restore impaired fine motor skills of fingers in patients of a neurological clinic, various simulators are used to ensure the inclusion of fingers in various movements, one of which is the rotation of the fingers of a small object.

So, from the existing level of technology, the “Panel Nut Screw Treadmill Trainer” is known, which is designed to restore fine motor skills by performing exercises on tightening / loosening the nuts with your fingers (MEDBUY Online Store, The Panel “Tighten Nut Trainer”, found 20.06 .2018 on the Internet at: http://medbuy.ru/oborudovanie-dlya-ergoterapii/dvm-panel-dlya-zakruchivaniya-gaek).

Structurally, this simulator is a wooden three-stage base, 200 × 300 mm in size, each step of which has four screws with nuts of different sizes. The total weight of the simulator is 1 kg.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the "Panel Screws Exercise Machine" is known, designed to restore fine motor skills by performing finger-screwing and unscrewing exercises. (Online store "MEDBUY", Trainer "Panel with screws", found 06/20/2018 on the Internet at: http://medbuy.ru/oborudovanie-dlya-ergoterapii/dvm-panel-s-vintami).

Structurally, this simulator is a similar wooden three-stage base with dimensions of 200 × 300 mm, at each stage of which four different types of screws are installed. The total weight of the simulator is 1 kg.

The disadvantages of these simulators when used during classes to restore fine motor skills and spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the uniformity and monotony of the movements performed by patients to tighten-unscrew the nuts and screw-in / out screws, which can lead to a decrease in interest in classes and fatigue of patients;

b) the difficulty of performing these actions for patients who had no previous experience with nuts and screws, therefore this activity is unusual for them and ineffective for restoring fine motor skills;

c) a screw-nut threaded pair made of metal has a sufficiently high coefficient of friction and therefore requires the application of forces that may be excessive for patients with impaired fine motor skills;

d) these simulators are not intended for classes on the restoration of spatial memory.

Also, from the existing level of technology is known "Cork simulator for classes on the restoration of fine motor skills and visual and spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic" (Patent RU 176719 U1, published January 25, 2018).

Structurally, this simulator consists of a base, which includes a central part with two movably fixed sashes, one of which has a working plate with nine cylindrical protrusions arranged in three rows, onto which corks of different colors are wound. On the central part of the base of the simulator there is a pocket for work cards containing images of colored circles, the location of which the patient must remember and reproduce by screwing colored plugs onto the cylindrical protrusions of the working plate.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to restore fine motor skills and spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) this simulator is intended primarily for classes in the restoration of visual-spatial memory and does not provide full-fledged classes in the restoration of spatial memory associated with spatial directions;

b) for practicing with this simulator, you must have a horizontal surface, since it consists of three movably connected parts, which, when unfolding, require support;

c) this simulator allows you to work on the restoration of memory with only one method, which consists in remembering the spatial location of the colored circles on the working card.

So, from the existing level of technology, the “Magnetic simulator for classes on the restoration of spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic by the method of remembering directions” is known (Patent RU 178131 U1, published March 23, 2018).

This simulator is a round plastic case, inside which a metal working plate is installed, with the image on the surface in the form of 16 differently directed arrows of a triangular shape, at the ends of which, along the perimeter of the simulator case, there is a certain number of magnetic chips installed in accordance with different directions.

During classes with this simulator, work cards are used that contain schematic images of this simulator with chip images arranged in accordance with different directions. The patient needs to remember the spatial arrangement of the images of the chips on the working card, and then reproduce their location by means of magnetic chips on the surface of the working plate of a real simulator.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to restore fine motor skills and spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) this simulator is designed to restore impaired spatial memory, and is not intended for classes to restore fine motor skills;

b) this simulator provides the opportunity for classes on the restoration of disturbed spatial memory by only one method, which consists in remembering the spatial arrangement of the image of the chips on the working card.

In order to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings, a “Cork panel simulator for exercises to restore fine motor skills and spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic” (hereinafter referred to as the “cork panel simulator”) was developed.

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) the actions performed with the “cork panel simulator” should be simultaneously aimed both at restoring fine motor skills and restoring spatial memory;

b) restoration of fine motor skills should be based on the implementation of complex rotational movements of the fingers;

c) the restoration of spatial memory should be carried out in the course of attractive and interesting gaming activities for the patient;

d) the restoration of spatial memory using a “cork panel simulator” should be carried out by various methods that add variety to the process of training and make them more interesting for patients;

e) providing the opportunity to practice with a “cork panel simulator” in the absence of a horizontal surface of the desktop, for example, on patients walking;

e) the simplicity of the design of the "cork panel simulator", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice;

g) the use of prefabricated elements that simplify the manufacture and reduce the cost of the “cork panel simulator”.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to expand the functionality of the simulator, provided by structural elements that allow classes aimed at the simultaneous restoration of fine motor skills by performing rotational movements with the fingers of the hand, and spatial memory by storing the spatial location of the plug-chips using different methods, contributing to a variety of activities that make them more interesting for patients.

This technical result is provided due to the fact that the cork panel simulator for classes in restoring fine motor skills and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic contains a plastic base of a circular shape, having a diameter of 260-340 mm and a thickness of 3-5 mm, on the front surface of the base hollow cylindrical protrusions with an external thread designed for screwing plastic screw plugs-chips, through holes, number, places are made on the back of the plastic base the location and diameter of which correspond to the number, location and inner diameter of the cylindrical protrusions, in the central part of the front and back sides of the base is made, projecting above them to a height of 2-3 mm, a geometric figure in the form of a star, consisting of eight arrows of a triangular shape, directed in different sides along the circumference of the base of the front and back sides, with the same angular intervals structuring the location of the cylindrical protrusions, linking each of them with different spatial m direction, wherein one of the arrows on the front and back sides is marked, providing the spatial orientation of the perimeter of the plastic base, with the front and back sides, the beads are made, whose width is 6-10 mm, and a thickness equal to the height of geometric shapes.

In a preferred embodiment, the front and back surfaces of the base are coated with a lighter color than the color of the beads and geometric shapes.

In a preferred embodiment, on the front surface of the base, part of the hollow cylindrical protrusions is located at the location of the ends of the arrows of the geometric figure, and the other part is placed at the same distance from the center, between the arrows of the geometric figure.

In a preferred embodiment, the wall thickness of the hollow cylindrical protrusion is 2-3 mm, and its threaded diameter and height are made to the threaded diameter and height of the plastic screw plugs.

In a preferred embodiment, the plastic screw plugs have the same color on the front side and the colors on the bottom side, each color being repeated on the bottom side of the two plug caps.

In a preferred embodiment, through holes are made on the back side of the base, the number, location and diameter of which correspond to the number, location and inner diameter of the hollow cylindrical protrusions.

In a preferred embodiment, in the center of the front side of the base there is a protrusion handle, the diameter of which is 30-40 mm, and its height is 20-30 mm.

The essence of the utility model "Cork panel simulator for classes to restore fine motor skills and spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 is a general view of a “cork panel simulator” without cork chips;

In FIG. 2 - the front side of the "cork panel simulator" when remembering directions;

In FIG. 3 - the front side of the "cork panel simulator" when playing "Memori";

In FIG. 4 - the reverse side of the "cork panel simulator" when playing "Memori";

In FIG. 5, 6 - examples of work cards of varying degrees of difficulty for practicing a method based on remembering directions.

The inventive "cork panel simulator" is a plastic base (1) of a round shape, on the front surface of which hollow cylindrical protrusions (2) are made. (See Fig. 1). The diameter of the plastic base (1) is 260-340 mm, and its thickness is 3-5 mm,

In the center of the front and back sides of the plastic base (1) there is a geometric figure (4) protruding above them to a height of 2-3 mm, in the form of a star, consisting of eight arrows of a triangular shape, directed to the sides different on the circumference of the base (1), with identical angular intervals that structure the arrangement of hollow cylindrical protrusions (2), linking each of them with a different spatial direction. At the same time, a mark (5) is applied on one of the arrows on the front and back sides (for example, with paint), which ensures the spatial orientation of the “cork panel simulator” during the course of classes.

Along the perimeter of the plastic base (1), flanges (3) are made on the front and back sides, the width of which is 6-10 mm, and the thickness is equal to the height of the geometric figure (4).

Thus, the collars (3) and the geometric figure (4) protruding above the surface of the plastic base (1), made, for example, by casting, provide the base (1) with additional rigidity, allowing classes with a “cork panel simulator” without reliance on horizontal desktop surface.

For better perception by patients of the outer borders of the plastic base (1) of the “cork panel simulator” and the geometric figure (4), a lighter color is applied to the front and back surfaces of the base than the beads (3) and the geometric figure (4).

On the front surface of the plastic base (1), 16 (sixteen) hollow cylindrical protrusions (2) with an external thread designed for screwing plastic plugs (8) are made (see Figs. 2, 3).

At that, 8 (eight) hollow cylindrical protrusions (2) are made at the ends of the arrows of the geometric figure (4), and the other 8 (eight) cylindrical protrusions (2) are made at the same distance from the center, between the arrows of the geometric figure (4).

The wall thickness of the hollow cylindrical protrusion (2) is 2-3 mm, and its threaded diameter and height are made to the threaded diameter and height of the existing 28 mm plastic screw plug plugs (8). Also, cylindrical protrusions (2) can be made for the threaded diameter and height of existing 24 mm plastic screw plug caps (YES-UPAK online store) Packaging-marking, Caps, caps, PET caps for bottles, found 06/20/2018 on the Internet at: http://yes-upak.ru/pet-krishki-probki-kolpachki-dlja-butylok.html).

Through holes (6) are made on the back of the plastic base (1), the number, location and diameter of which correspond to the number, location and inner diameter of the hollow cylindrical protrusions (2).

Through holes (6) provide the patient with the opportunity to see the bottoms of plug plugs (8) screwed onto hollow cylindrical protrusions (2) during the course of spatial memory restoration using the method based on the Memori game (see Fig. 4).

For the convenience of handling the “cork panel simulator” during the classes, a protrusion handle (7) is made in the center of the front side of the plastic base (1), the diameter of which is 30–40 mm and its height is 20–30 mm.

As plugs-chips (8) in work with the “cork panel simulator”, existing industrially produced plastic screw plugs (see link above) are used, the threaded diameter and height of which correspond to the height and threaded diameter of hollow cylindrical protrusions (2).

The cork-chips (8) used during the lessons with the “cork panel-simulator” have the same color, and their bottoms have different colors (see Fig. 4), which allows them to be used for training in a method based on the Memori game. Moreover, each color is repeated on the bottoms of two cork-chips (8).

The total number of plug plugs (8) corresponds to the number of hollow cylindrical protrusions (2) on the plastic base (1) of the “cork panel simulator”.

For classes with the “cork panel simulator”, a set of work cards is used based on storing directions (9), each of which contains a task on the front and back, which is a schematic representation of a “cork panel simulator” that contains images of the group circles (10) located at the ends of the arrows or between them (see Fig. 5, 6).

Each circle (10) located on the image of the “cork panel simulator” denotes a cork chip (8), which the patient must wind on a hollow cylindrical protrusion (2) corresponding to a certain spatial direction.

The complexity of tasks for memorizing directions is determined by the number of circles (10) contained on the work card (9). And the total number of work cards (9) included in the package of the “cork panel simulator” is 20-30 pieces.

During classes with a “cork panel simulator”, each work card (9) can be located in front of the patient in four different positions. Thus, the total number of tasks on both sides of each work card (9) is eight different options.

For storage and transportation of the “cork panel simulator” with a set of work cards (9), a cover made of plastic or fabric material (not shown in the figures) is used.

A cork panel simulator for classes in restoring fine motor skills and spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic works as follows.

If the lesson is carried out by the method of remembering directions, then use a set of work cards (9).

Before starting the lesson on restoring fine motor skills and spatial memory, the patient unscrews all plugs (8) from hollow cylindrical protrusions (2) (restoring fine motor skills), and then selects a work card (9) of the degree of complexity recommended by a specialist (see Fig. 5, 6).

Next, the patient for a specified period of time (from 15 seconds or more) remembers the directions in which circles (10) are located on the selected work card (9), and then covers it with a blank sheet of paper.

After that, the patient from memory (restoration of spatial memory) winds plugs (8) (restoration of fine motor skills) on certain hollow cylindrical protrusions (2) of a plastic base (1) in accordance with the spatial arrangement of circles (10) on a work card (9) .

If the patient has difficulty finding a cylindrical protrusion (2) for screwing up the plug-chip (8), he can briefly lift a sheet of paper to get a hint.

After the completion of the winding of all the plug plugs (8), the patient checks the correctness of the task by comparing the location of the plug plugs (8) screwed onto the cylindrical protrusions (2) (see Fig. 2) with the spatial arrangement of the circles (10) in the “cork” image simulator panels "(see Fig. 6).

the ability to see through the holes (6) in the plastic base (1) the color of the bottoms of all the plug plugs (8) screwed onto the cylindrical protrusions (2).

After that, the patient for a period of time specified by a specialist (from 15 seconds or more) remembers (restoration of spatial memory) the spatial arrangement of the bottoms of the plug-chips (8) of the same color, after which he turns the “cork panel simulator” to the original position face up.

Then the patient unscrews two plugs (8), the bottoms of which, in his opinion, have the same color (restoration of spatial memory).

If the color of the bottoms of the unscrewed plug-chips (8) matches, then the patient lays the data of the plug-chips (8) to the side.

If the color of the bottoms of the unscrewed plug-chips (8) does not match, then the patient returns the data of the plug-chips (8) to their original place, twisting them (restoring fine motor skills) to the same cylindrical protrusions (2).

In the event of difficulties, the patient can, for a short time, again turn the “cork panel simulator” with its protrusion handle (7) upside down and look at the color of the bottoms of the remaining plug-chips (8), thus receiving a hint.

Further, the above sequence of actions is repeated a certain number of times until all the plug plugs (8) are completely unscrewed from the cylindrical protrusions (2) of the plastic base (1) of the “cork panel simulator”.

The use of a “cork-panel simulator” for classes on the restoration of spatial memory by a method based on the Memori game allows for group exercises with the simultaneous participation of two patients.

Along with exercises to restore fine motor skills and spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic, the “cork panel simulator” can be used in the following areas:

a) during neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

b) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children with impaired development of fine motor skills and the formation of spatial memory;

Next, the patient unscrews the plug-chips (8) from the cylindrical protrusions (2) (restoration of fine motor skills), selects a new work card (9) with a different spatial arrangement of the circles (10), and the whole sequence of actions described above is repeated.

At the initial stage of training, work cards (9) are used, containing a smaller number (2-3 pcs.) Of images of circles (10) located in accordance with different directions (see Fig. 5).

As patients achieve positive results in the restoration of spatial memory, the number of circles (10) on the used work cards (9) increases.

The spatial location in front of the patient of a work card also plays an important role in the restoration of spatial memory by the method of remembering directions (9).

If the work card (9) is located in front of the patient in such a way that the spatial location of the mark on the image of the “cork panel simulator” is similar to the spatial location of the mark (5) of the real “cork panel simulator”, then this task is the easiest to remember.

If the work card (9) is located in front of the patient so that the mark on the image of the “cork panel simulator” is rotated relative to the mark (5) on the real “cork panel simulator” by a certain angle (90, 180 and 270 degrees) , then this task is more difficult to remember, since the patient has to mentally “rotate” the image of the “cork panel simulator” on the work card (9).

If the lesson with the “cork panel simulator” is carried out by the method based on the Memori game, then the set of work cards (9) is not used.

In this case, before the start of the lesson, the patient winds up (restoring fine motor skills) in random order all the plugs (8) on the hollow cylindrical protrusions (2) of the plastic base (1) (see Fig. 3).

Then the patient holding the “cork panel-simulator” by the handle-protrusion (7) turns it upside down (see Fig. 4), thanks to which he receives c) as a game aimed at developing and training fine motor skills and spatial memory in healthy children.

Thus, the “cork panel simulator” allows you to conduct classes aimed at simultaneously recovering two processes with patients from the neurological clinic: a) fine motor skills by performing rotational movements of the fingers when twisting and unscrewing plugs, b) spatial memory by remembering directions and a method based on the Memori game, by storing the spatial arrangement of cork-chips, while providing the possibility of classes in the absence of horizontal desktop surface.

The developed “cork panel simulator” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into an interesting and attractive training for patients.

Claims (5)

1. Cork panel simulator for classes to restore fine motor skills and spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic, containing a round plastic base with a diameter of 260-340 mm and a thickness of 3-5 mm, hollow cylindrical protrusions made on the front surface of the plastic base threaded holes on the back of the plastic base have through holes, the number, location and diameter of which correspond to the number, location and inner diameter of the cylindrical their protrusions, plastic screw stoppers-chips of the same color are made with the possibility of screwing onto cylindrical ledges, while the bottoms of each stoppers-chips are painted in different colors, each color being repeated on the bottoms of two stoppers-chips, in the central part of the front and back sides of the base protruding above them to a height of 2-3 mm, a geometric figure in the form of a star, consisting of eight arrows of a triangular shape, directed in different directions around the circumference of the base of the front and back sides, with the same at the main intervals structuring the location of the cylindrical protrusions, linking each of them with a different spatial direction, while one of the arrows on the front and back sides is marked with a spatial orientation along the perimeter of the plastic base, on the front and back sides, flanges are made, the width of which is 6-10 mm, and the thickness is equal to the height of the geometric figure. 2. The cork panel simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the front and back surfaces of the base are coated with a lighter color than the color of the beads and geometric shape. 3. The cork panel simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that on the front surface of the base part of the hollow cylindrical protrusions is located at the location of the ends of the arrows of the geometric figure, and the other part is placed at the same distance from the center, between the arrows of the geometric figure. 4. The cork panel simulator according to claim 3, characterized in that the wall thickness of the hollow cylindrical protrusion is 2-3 mm, and its threaded diameter and height are made to the threaded diameter and height of the plastic screw plugs. 5. The cork panel simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that a protrusion handle is made in the center of the front side of the base, the diameter of which is 30-40 mm and its height is 20-30 mm.

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