RU195569U1 - Round chip for group sessions on the restoration of visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “Round chip for group lessons in restoring visual memory in patients of a neurological clinic” refers to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting group classes in restoring visual memory in patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions of various etiologies. A useful model contains a plastic base (1) of a round shape, both around the perimeter x sides of which flanges (2) of the same height and width are made, forming a recess cell (3) on the surface of each side of the base (1), and a semicircular protrusion (4) is made on the end surface of the base (1), in which the through hole (5). Thus, the “Round Chip”, due to its structural elements, provides the comfort and convenience of conducting long-term courses of group exercises to restore visual memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired it fine motor tremor and presence ruk.Zayavlennaya "Round chip" recovery process brings a novelty item classes, making them interesting and attractive for patients neuropsychological trening.Blagodarya simplicity of design and ease of use "Round chip" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting group exercises to restore visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions of various etiologies.

Of great importance for the effectiveness of restorative education are the forms of its organization, which are used during classes with patients at a neurological clinic who have disorders of various mental functions.

Methods and forms of organization of restorative education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for maximizing the use of all human capabilities and abilities, using the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow psychological -Social Institute of Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, p. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of rehabilitation education, which is based on the use of the social environment and other social factors, is the group form of classes, which helps to increase the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental functions, expanding and complementing individual lessons with a specialist and independent studies of patients while they are in a neurological clinic .

Group classes allow you to realize, first of all, the activity of communication and impact on the patient’s personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 9).

According to Marvin Shaw, a specialist in group dynamics, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (Myers D. Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997, chapter 9).

The use of the group form of classes helps to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation training when working on the restoration in patients of a neurological clinic of various types of memory, one of which is visual memory.

Visual memory is a type of memory that provides fixation and reproduction of visual images, and is one of the most important types of memory for human life.

Visual memory impairment occurs in patients with a neurological clinic due to damage to the occipital regions of the cerebral cortex caused by various diseases.

To restore impaired visual memory in patients of a neurological clinic, various exercises are used, during which various images are stored and then remembered images are recognized among a group of other externally similar images (passive recognition method) or this image is reproduced from memory by drawing it (active method playback).

For practical exercises to restore impaired visual memory in patients of a neurological clinic, various devices and simulators are used.

So, from the existing level of technology there is known a device "Frame card for classes to restore impaired visual memory in patients of a neurological clinic" (Patent RU 168331 U1 from 01.30. 2017).

Structurally, this device is a plastic case, on the side of which there is a groove for a paper insert with an image that closes with a transparent film on top, and on the back of the case there is a catch indicator that informs the patient that this image was presented for memorization.

The disadvantages of this device when used during group exercises to restore visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) this device is not intended for use during group classes;

b) this device is intended for classes by the method of passive recognition, but does not provide the possibility of classes by the method of active reproduction.

Also known from the existing level of technology is the device "A simulator-circle for group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in circular sectors" (Patent RU 192583 U1 of 09/23/2019).

Structurally, this device is a flat base of circular shape, on the side surface of which there is a handle, and on both sides of the base there are recess cells having the shape of annular sectors.

During training with this device, one of the patients enters various images into the cell-recesses on one side of the base, after which the other patient remembers the image data from memory, writes them into the cell-recesses on the other side of the base.

The disadvantages of this device when used during group exercises to restore visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the need to constantly hold this device in the patient’s hand;

b) the dimensions of the cell-recesses of this device are small in size, allowing you to enter in them only simple images such as letters or numbers.

Also known from the existing level of technology is the “Neuropsychological game“ A memory simulator for group exercises with neurological patients by the method of storing images in multipath figures ”" (Patent RU 115308 from 07/04/2019).

This simulator is a game chip in the form of multipath figures, differing in the number of rays, in the central part of each of which are recesses into which one of the patients enters various symbols (letters or numbers), after which the other patient remembers the characters inscribed in each of the chips . Then the chips are turned over and shuffled, and the patient inscribes the images in the recesses located on the reverse sides of the corresponding chips from memory.

The disadvantages of the gaming chips of this simulator when they are used during group exercises to restore visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the dimensions of the recesses of the game chips are small in size, allowing you to enter in them only simple images such as letters or numbers;

b) each game chip is intended for use only in conjunction with other game chips.

In order to overcome the above drawbacks and expand the arsenal of devices and simulators intended for group exercises to restore impaired visual memory, a “Round chip for group exercises to restore visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic” (hereinafter referred to as “Round chip”) has been developed.

 The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) providing the possibility of conducting group studies with patients of the neurological clinic to restore impaired visual memory;

b) providing the possibility of conducting classes by the method of active reproduction of a remembered image;

c) ensuring the comfort of training with the "Round chip" due to the lack of the need to hold it in the patient’s hand, as well as the convenience of lifting it from the horizontal surface of the desktop;

d) ensuring the possibility of using the “Round Chip" an unlimited number of times due to the fact that it is made of plastic, and graphic operations are performed on its surfaces by means of an easily erasable water marker;

e) ensuring the possibility of conducting long-term recovery courses of impaired visual memory due to an unlimited number of tasks, the formation of which is carried out by the patients themselves;

f) providing the possibility of inscribing various images in the “Round Chip” cells: objects, objects, composite figures, groups of multidirectional arrows, etc .;

g) providing the possibility of conducting classes for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor due to the fact that the cells of the "Round chip" are made in the form of recesses that do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

h) the simplicity of the design of the "Round chip", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the arsenal of devices intended for the restoration of impaired visual memory, provided by the structural elements of the declared "Round chip", which provides comfort and convenience for long-term courses of group lessons in the restoration of visual memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the "Round chip" contains a plastic base of round shape, along the perimeter of both sides of which are made collars of the same height and width, forming a cell-recess on the surface of each side of the base, with a semicircular on the end surface of the base a protrusion in which a through hole is made.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Round Chip”, the thickness of the semicircular protrusion is equal to the thickness of the base.

In a preferred embodiment, "Round chips" on the end surface of the base made notches.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Round Chip”, the recess cells are highlighted in a color different from the base color.

The essence of the utility model "Round chip for group lessons on the restoration of visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 is a general view of the "Round chip".

In FIG. 2 is a side view of the Round Chip.

In FIG. 3 - section AA.

The declared “Round chip” is a flat plastic base (1) of a round shape, along the perimeter of both sides of which there are flanges (2) of the same height and width, forming a recess cell (3) on the surface of each side of the base (1) of the “Round chip” ), designed for inscribing with a water marker various images (objects, objects, composite figures, groups of multidirectional arrows, etc.) during the classes.

The dimensions of this particular “Round Chip” indicated below are not signs narrowing the scope of legal protection, as they may change during the process of its creation.

The diameter of the base (1) of the "Round chip" is 20-80 mm, and the thickness of the base (1) excluding the shoulders (2) is 2-4 mm.

The flanges (2) made along the perimeter of both sides of the base (1) ensure the implementation of the following functions:

a) serve as boundaries for the writing element of the water marker when inscribing the image in the cell-recess (3);

b) protect the image inscribed in the cell-recess (3) from erasing when turning the "Round Chip" during the lesson;

c) increase the thickness of the base (1), providing convenience when lifting the "Round chip" from the surface of the desktop.

On the end surface of the base (1), a semicircular protrusion (4) is made in which a through hole (5) is made.

Thus, the semicircular protrusion (4) provides the implementation of the following functions:

a) serves as a reference point for the same spatial arrangement of images inscribed in the cell-recess (3) of each of the sides of the base (1);

b) is the place where the through hole (5) is made.

The thickness of the semicircular protrusion (4) is equal to the thickness of the base (1) of the "Round chip", and its width is 6-10 mm.

The diameter of the through hole (5) is 3-7 mm.

Thus, the through hole (5) made in the semicircular protrusion (4) provides the following functions:

b) provides the ability to install a metal ring in it, which provides additional convenience when lifting the "Round chip" from the surface of the desktop;

c) provides the possibility of threading a string connecting several "Round chips" with each other in the case of a group session with the simultaneous use of several "Round chips".

The height of the flanges (2) made along the outer edge of both surfaces of the base (1) is the same and amounts to 1-2 mm, their width is also the same and equal to 2-5 mm.

Thus, the recess cells (3) formed by the collars (2) provide the possibility of inscribing images in them for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands by restricting the output of the writing element of the water marker beyond the cell recesses (3).

At the same time, the small height of the shoulders (2) makes it possible to easily remove the images inscribed in the cell-recesses (3) by means of a sponge designed to erase water markers.

For the convenience of lifting the "Round chip" from the horizontal surface of the table when it is turned over, notches (6) are made on the end surface of the base (1).

For better perception by patients of the cells-recesses (3), they are highlighted in a color (for example, by means of paint) that differs from the color of the base (1).

Work with the "Round chip for group lessons on the restoration of visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic" is as follows.

Before starting classes, the specialist forms a group of two patients with approximately the same degree of visual memory impairment.

In this case, one of the patients in the group is appointed by the specialist forming the task, and the other patient is performing the task.

Next, the patient who forms the task, holding the “Round chip” located on the desktop by the shoulders (2), enters with a water marker into the recess cell (3) any image (of an object, object, composite figure, group of multidirectional arrows, etc. ) whose type and complexity is set by a specialist.

 After that, the patient performing the task, for a period of time specified by the specialist (from 20 seconds or more) remembers the image written in the cell-recess (3) of the base (1), after which it flips the “Round chip" and tries to reproduce the image it remembers, inscribing it from memory into the cell-recess (3) on the other side of the base (1).

In the event of difficulty, the patient performing the task may briefly turn the “Round Chip" over, thus receiving a hint.

Verification of the correctness of the task is carried out by comparing the images inscribed in the cell-recesses (3) on the front and back sides of the base (1) of the “Round chip”.

Further, all the images inscribed in the cell-recesses (3) are deleted with a sponge to erase water markers, the patient forming the task, and the patient performing the task change roles and the entire sequence of actions is repeated a number of times specified by the specialist.

Along with the method described above, group classes can be carried out by another method, based on the simultaneous use of several (from 2 to 7) "Round chips".

In this case, the patient, forming the task, enters the images in the cell-recesses (3) of several "Round chips" located in a row on the surface of the desktop, after which the patient, performing the task, for a specified time by the specialist (from 20 seconds or more ) stores image data.

Next, the “Round Chips” are turned over and the patient performing the task should try to reproduce the memorized from the image by writing them from memory into the cell-recesses (3) of the used “Round Chips”.

Verification of the correctness of the tasks is carried out by sequentially comparing the images inscribed in the cell-recesses (3) on both sides of each "Round chip".

For the convenience of practicing patients with several “Round chips”, a lace connecting the “Round chips” with each other can be threaded through their through holes (5).

After mastering the work with the "Round chip" under the guidance of a specialist, patients get the opportunity to conduct independent group exercises with it.

The effectiveness of using the “Round Chip” during the course of visual memory restoration is ensured by the fact that social factors affecting the mental sphere of patients in a neurological clinic through the mechanisms of a small social group are included in the process of training: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition, etc. It is important and the fact that in the case of lack of motivation for classes in one sick group, he is prompted to classes by another patient.

 Along with classes to restore visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic, the "Round Chip" can be effectively used in a number of other cases:

a) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children with impaired visual memory;

b) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

c) as a chip of a developmental game aimed at developing and training visual-spatial memory in healthy children;

d) as chips of a memory simulator for healthy people who want to improve visual memory.

Thus, the “Round chip for group lessons in restoring visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic”, due to its structural elements, provides the comfort and convenience of conducting long-term courses in group lessons in restoring visual memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands.

The declared “Round Chip” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients.

Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the “Round Chip" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Claims (4)

1. A round chip for group exercises to restore visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic, characterized in that it contains a plastic base of round shape, along the perimeter of both sides of which are made collars of the same height and width, forming a cell-recess on the surface of each side of the base, with this on the end surface of the base is made of a semicircular protrusion, in which a through hole is made. 2. A round chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the semicircular protrusion is equal to the thickness of the base. 3. A round chip according to claim 1, characterized in that notches are made on the end surface of the base. 4. The round chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the cell-recesses are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

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