RU202272U1 - A device (chip-face profile) for group exercises for recovery and preventive training of memory for faces - Google Patents

Abstract

The useful model "Device (face profile chip) for group exercises on recovery and preventive training of memory for faces" refers to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group sessions on recovery and preventive training The useful model contains a flat plastic base (1) with a contour of the profile of a person's face, including a hairstyle, along the edges of the front and back sides of which ribs (2) of the same height are made, forming on each side of the base (1 ) a working area (3), made with the possibility of applying images of elements of a person's face and hairstyle of a person on it with a water marker; at the same time, the shape and size of the working area (3) are the same on both sides of the base (1) .Thus, the claimed device, due to its structural elements, makes it possible to form the required number of tasks in the process of group lessons, providing the possibility of conducting long-term courses of training on restoration and Preventive facial memory training in patients with neurological clinic The claimed device introduces an element of novelty into the process of recovery exercises, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients. Due to the simplicity of the design and ease of use, the device can be widely used in clinical practice.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the field of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting group sessions on restoration and preventive training of facial memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

The forms of its organization used in the course of classes with patients of a neurological clinic with disorders of various mental functions play an important role for the effectiveness of restorative training.

Methods and forms of organization of restorative education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for the maximum use of all the capabilities and abilities of a person, use of the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S.Aphazia and restorative education. M .; Moscow Psychology -social institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, pp. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of restorative education, which is based on the use of the social environment and other social factors, is a group form of training, which contributes to the increase in the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental functions, expanding and supplementing individual training with a specialist and independent training of patients while they are in a neurological clinic ...

Group lessons allow realizing, first of all, the activity of communication and influence on the patient's personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competitiveness, etc. (Tsvetkova LS Aphasia and restorative education. M .; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing House of NGO "MODEK", 2001, p. 9).

According to the expert on group dynamics Marvin Shaw, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (D. Myers Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997).

The use of the group form of training contributes to an increase in the effectiveness of restorative training and when working on the restoration of various types of memory in patients with a neurological clinic, including memory for faces.

Facial memory impairment is manifested in the fact that patients lose the ability to remember (even after several meetings) the faces of real people, as well as their images in photographs and drawings.

Facial memory impairment can be accompanied by facial agnosia, which manifests itself in the fact that patients lose the ability to recognize real faces or their images in photographs, drawings, etc. With a rough form of facial agnosia, patients cannot distinguish between female and male faces, as well as faces children and adults; do not recognize the faces of their relatives and friends (Chomskaya E.D. Neuropsychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2005).

To restore the impaired memory of faces in patients with a neurological clinic, various exercises are used, during which the image of faces is memorized with subsequent recognition of them among a group of other, outwardly similar facial images (the method of passive recognition) or the reproduction of memorized facial images from memory, by drawing them or finishing (active playback method).

Various printed simulators and devices are used to conduct practical exercises to restore impaired facial memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

For example, the printed simulator "How to remember faces" is known, on one of the pages of which there are images of the faces of several people, which the patient must remember, and then find from memory these faces among the images of faces on other pages of this simulator (Matyugin I.Yu., Chakaberia E.I., Slonenko T.B., How to memorize faces - D .: Stalker, 1997. - S. 315-319).

The disadvantages of this printed simulator when used for group recovery and preventive facial memory training are:

a) the tasks of this printed simulator are intended for training only by the recognition method;

b) the lack of the possibility of using additional support in the process of training on intact tactile perception, which consists in feeling the perceived object;

c) the tasks contained in the manuals are intended for healthy people, and may not be available for a number of neurological patients.

Also known is the printed simulator "Neuropsychological manual" Cards with male faces for training in restoring facial perception and memory of faces "" containing cards with images of various faces that are designed to form various exercises (Selyavko L.E. Neuropsychological manual "Cards with male faces for classes on the restoration of facial perception and memory of faces. ”Methodical almanac“ Neurorehabilitator ”No. 1 - M .: Sputnik +, 2020. - S. 48-51).

The disadvantages of this printed simulator when used for group recovery and preventive facial memory training are:

a) the tasks of this printed simulator are intended for training only by the recognition method;

b) the lack of the possibility of using additional support for intact tactile perception in the process of training.

Also known from the existing prior art is a device "Round chip for group exercises to restore visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic" (Patent RU 195569 U1 from 31.01.2020).

Structurally, this device is a flat plastic base of a round shape, on each side of which a recess cell is made, into which one of the patients enters an image, after which the other patient memorizes this image and enters it from memory into the recess cell on the other side of the base.

The disadvantages of this device when used for group rehabilitation and preventive training of facial memory are:

a) this device is designed primarily to work with visual memory, and not with memory for faces;

b) the lack of the possibility of using additional support for intact tactile perception in the process of training.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above printed simulators and devices, a "Device (face profile chip) for group exercises for the restoration and preventive training of memory for faces" (hereinafter referred to as the "Device") has been developed.

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) ensuring the possibility of conducting group sessions with patients of the neurological clinic for the restoration and preventive training of memory for faces;

b) ensuring the possibility of using additional support for intact tactile perception during training;

c) ensuring the possibility of conducting classes by the method of active reproduction of a memorized face image;

d) ensuring the possibility of using the "Device" an unlimited number of times due to the fact that it is made of plastic, and graphic actions are performed on its surfaces by means of an easily erasable water marker;

e) ensuring the possibility of conducting long-term courses of memory restoration on faces due to an unlimited number of tasks, the formation of which is carried out by the patients themselves in the course of the lessons;

f) the simplicity of the "Device" design, contributing to its widespread implementation in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to provide the possibility of conducting long courses of group lessons for the restoration and preventive training of memory on faces in patients of a neurological clinic, which is realized due to the structural elements of the claimed "Device", which make it possible to form the required number of tasks during group sessions with patients.

This technical result is provided due to the fact that the "Device" contains a flat plastic base having a contour of the profile of a person's face, including a hairstyle, along the edges of the front and back sides of which beads are made of the same height, forming on each side of the base a working area made with the possibility drawing with a water marker images of elements of a person's face and hairstyle; the shape and size of the work area are the same on both sides of the base.

In the preferred embodiment of the "Device", the base has a profile outline of a male face.

In the preferred embodiment of the "Device", the base has a contour of the profile of a woman's face.

In the preferred embodiment of the "Device", the base has a profile contour of the child's face.

In the preferred embodiment of the "Appliance", the outline of the base includes the outline of the headgear.

In a preferred embodiment of the "Appliance", the outline of the base includes the outline of a human shoulder.

In the preferred embodiment of the "Device", an eyelet with a through hole is made in the upper part of the end surface of the base.

In the preferred embodiment of the "Device", a white background coating is applied to the surface of the working areas of the base.

The essence of the utility model "Device (face profile chip) for group exercises for recovery and preventive training of memory for faces" is illustrated by a drawing, which shows:

FIG. 1 - general view of the "Device".

The claimed "Device" is a flat plastic base (1) having a contour of the profile of a person's face, including a hairstyle, along the edges of the front and back sides of which ribs (2) are made, forming on each side of the base (1) a working area (3), designed for applying on it with a water marker images of facial elements (eyes, ear, eyebrow mouth, etc.) and a person's hairstyle.

The term "face profile" means "the outline of the face half-turned from the viewer, so that only half is visible" (Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary. Profile, found on the Internet at https://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enc2p / 342106).

The concept of "outline" means "a form, kind of something, formed by a line, a line, limiting, outlining the subject" (Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary. Outline, found on the Internet at https://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf / enc2p / 342106).

The base (1) of the "Device" may have an outline of a profile of a male or a female face of a person of any age, as well as an outline of a profile of a child's face.

In this case, the contour of the base (1) may include the outline of the headdress and the shoulder of a person.

The dimensions of this particular "Device" indicated below are not indications that narrow the scope of legal protection, since they may change in the process of its creation.

The diameter of the circle circumscribed around the base (1) of the "Device" can be 40-120 mm, and the thickness of the base (1) excluding the beads (2) is equal to 2-4 mm.

The height of the beads (2) made at the edges of both sides of the base (1) is the same and is 1-2 mm, and their width is 2-5 mm.

Thus, the collars (2) provide the following functions:

a) prevent the rod of the water marker from leaving the base (1) of the "Device" when applying images of facial elements and hairstyles to the working area (3) of the base (1);

b) protect from erasure images of facial elements and hairstyles applied to the working area (3) of the base (1), when turning over the "Device" during training;

c) increase the thickness of the base (1) "Devices", ensuring the convenience of lifting it from the horizontal surface of the table during training.

At the same time, the small height of the beads (2) makes it possible to easily remove the facial elements and hairstyle images applied to the working area (3) by means of a sponge intended for erasing water markers.

The shape and dimensions of the work area (3) are the same on both sides of the base (1).

To ensure the convenience of lifting the "Device" from the horizontal surface of the table, when it is turned over, an eyelet (4) with a through hole is made in the upper part of the end surface of the base (1), into which a metal ring can be installed.

"An eyelet is a device on the side of various objects for more convenient lifting, holding, hanging, etc." (Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Efremova. The meaning of the word ear, found on 12/01/2020 on the Internet at https://www.efremova.info/word/ushko.html#.XkdSQxtn3IU).

The thickness of the eyelet (4) is equal to the thickness of the base (1), its width is 6-12 mm, and the diameter of the through hole is 3-8 mm.

Also, to ensure the convenience of lifting the "Device" from the surface of the desktop when it is turned over, notches with a depth of 0.25-1 mm can be made on the end surface of the base (1) to prevent the "Device" from slipping out of the patient's hands.

For the convenience of working with the "Device" during training, a mark made, for example, in the form of a circle (not shown in the figure), can be applied to the front side of the base (1) (for example, by means of a dark paint).

For a better perception of images of elements and hairstyles by patients, a white background coating is applied (for example, by means of paint) on the surface of the working areas (3) of the base (1).

Classes on restoration and preventive training of memory for faces using the declared "Device" are carried out as follows.

Before starting the training, the specialist forms a group of two patients with approximately the same degree of visual memory impairment.

In this case, one of the patients in the group is appointed by the specialist who forms the task, and the other patient is assigned to the task.

At the beginning of the lesson, each of the patients feels the contours of the "Device", which ensures the inclusion of additional afferentation in the process of perception in the form of tactile sensations from the fingers.

Further, the patient, who forms the task, holding the "Device" located on the table by the collars (2) forms an image of a person's face, applying with an easily erasable water marker on the surface of the working area (3) images of facial elements (eyes, ear, mouth, eyebrows) and hairstyles.

After that, the patient performing the task, during the time interval specified by the specialist (from 20 or more seconds), memorizes the formed face image on the working area (3) of the base (1), after which he turns the "Device" over and tries to reproduce the memorized image of the face, applying from memory, images of facial elements and hairstyles on the working area (3) of the reverse side of the base (1).

In case of difficulty, the patient performing the task can turn over the "Device" located on the table for a short time, thus receiving a hint.

Checking the correctness of the task is carried out by comparing the images of the elements of the face and the hairstyle applied to the working areas (3) of both sides of the base (1) "Device".

Further, all facial elements and hairstyles are removed with a sponge to erase water markers, the patient forming the task and the patient performing the task change roles and the entire sequence of actions is repeated a number of times specified by the specialist.

Along with the above method, group lessons can be carried out in another method based on the simultaneous use of two "Devices".

In this case, each patient forms a face image by applying facial elements and hairstyles to the working area (3) of the front side of the base (1) of the "Device" used.

After that, both patients show the "Devices" to each other, and for the time interval specified by the specialist (from 20 seconds or more) they memorize the images of the faces.

Further, each patient tries to reproduce from memory the image of the face he has memorized, applying from memory the images of facial elements and hairstyles on the working area (3) of the back side of the base (1) of the "Device" used.

Checking the correctness of the task is carried out by alternately comparing the images of the elements of the face and the hairstyle applied to the working area (3) of the front side of the base (1) "Devices" of one patient and the working area (3) of the back side of the base (1) "Devices of another patient.

After mastering the work with the "Device" under the guidance of a specialist, patients get the opportunity to conduct independent group lessons with him, which can also be carried out by other methods.

Along with the lessons on the restoration of memory for faces, the declared "Device" is also intended for exercises on preventive training of memory for faces in patients of a neurological clinic with a slight impairment of this type of memory.

The effectiveness of using the claimed "Device" in the course of training for the restoration and preventive training of memory on faces is ensured by the fact that the process of training includes social factors of influence on the mental sphere of patients through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competitiveness, etc. Important it is also important that in case of lack of motivation to train in one patient group, there is his motivation to train from the other patient.

Along with lessons on restoration of facial memory in patients of a neurological clinic, "Device" can be effectively used:

a) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children who have disorders in the formation of memory for faces;

b) when conducting neuropsychological trainings with elderly people;

c) as a feature of an educational game aimed at developing and training memory for faces in healthy children;

d) as a souvenir, for example, a key chain or bag, which provides the ability to train memory for faces in various conditions.

Thus, the claimed "Device", due to its structural elements, provides the possibility of forming the required number of tasks in the process of group exercises, which provide the possibility of conducting long-term courses of training for the restoration and preventive training of memory on faces in patients of a neurological clinic

The claimed "Device" introduces an element of novelty into the process of recovery exercises, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients.

Due to its simplicity of design and ease of use, the "Device" can find wide application in clinical practice.

Claims (8)

1. A device for group exercises for the restoration and preventive training of memory for faces, characterized by the fact that it contains a flat plastic base having a contour of the profile of a person's face, including a hairstyle, along the edges of the front and back sides of which ribs of the same height are made, forming on each side the base of the working area, made with the possibility of applying water marker images of elements of the face and hairstyle of a person; the shape and size of the work area are the same on both sides of the base. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the base has a profile contour of a male face. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the base has a contour of the profile of a woman's face. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the base has a profile contour of the child's face. 5. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the contour of the base includes the outline of the headdress. 6. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the contour of the base includes the outline of the human shoulder. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that an eyelet with a through hole is made in the upper part of the end surface of the base. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a white background coating is applied to the surface of the working areas of the base.

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