RU198130U1 - Eight-beam chip for group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “Eight-ray chip for group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” refers to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic. A useful model contains a flat plastic base (1), having the shape of two identical squares rotated by 45 degrees relative to each other; at the same time, flanges (2) of the same height are made on both sides of the base (1) along the perimeter of each square, forming two types of cell-recesses (3, 4) on the front and back sides of the base (1): the main cell-recess (3) is octagonal the form, which is located in the central part of the front and back sides of the base (1), and eight triangular-shaped additional cells of recesses (4) of equal size that are located around the main cell of the recess (3), while the location of the main and additional cells is the recesses (3, 4) on the front and back sides of the base (1) is the same, and on the end surface of the base (1) there is an eye (5) with a through hole. Thus, the “Eight-ray chip” due to its structural elements provides comfort and the convenience of conducting long-term courses of group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients with neurological clinics, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands. The declared "Eight-ray chip" introduces an element of novelty into the process of training, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients. Thanks to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the "Eight-ray chip" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

Important for the effectiveness of rehabilitation education are the forms of its organization used during classes with patients at a neurological clinic who have disorders of various mental functions.

Methods and forms of organization of restorative education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for maximizing the use of all human capabilities and abilities, using the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow psychological -Social Institute of Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, p. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of rehabilitation education, which is based on the use of the social environment and other social factors, is the group form of classes, which helps to increase the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental functions, expanding and complementing individual lessons with a specialist and independent studies of patients while they are in a neurological clinic .

Group classes allow you to realize, first of all, the activity of communication and influence on the patient’s personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 9)

According to Marvin Shaw, a specialist in group dynamics, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (Myers D. Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997).

The use of the group form of classes helps to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation training when working on the restoration of various types of memory in patients of a neurological clinic, one of which is visual-spatial memory.

To conduct group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic, various devices and simulators are used.

So, from the existing level of technology, the device “Octagon simulator for group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing trapezoidal cells” is known (Patent RU 193154 U1 of 10.15.2019).

Structurally, this device is an octagonal base, on the end surface of which there is a handle, and trapezoidal cell-recesses are made on both sides of the base.

During classes with this device, one of the patients enters various images (symbols, geometric shapes) into the cell-recesses on one side of the base, after which the other patient remembers the image data and reproduces them in memory cells-recesses on the other side of the base.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual and spatial memory of the clinic is:

a) the need to constantly transfer the device during classes from one patient to another;

b) the need to hold the device during training by the handle.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the device "Hexagonal chip for group exercises for the restoration of visual memory in patients with neurological clinics" is known (Patent RU 195571 U1 of 01.31.2020).

Structurally, this device is a plastic base of a hexagonal shape, on each side of which a recess cell is made, in one of which one of the patients fits an image, after which the other patient remembers this image and writes it from the memory into the recess cell of the other sides of the foundation.

The disadvantage of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory is that it is intended primarily for working with visual memory and is not intended for classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above simulators and devices, as well as to expand the arsenal of devices intended for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, an "Eight-ray chip for group exercises in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" (hereinafter referred to as "Eight-ray chip").

The tasks to which the claimed technical solution is directed are:

a) ensuring the possibility of conducting group exercises with patients aimed at restoring impaired visual-spatial memory;

b) providing the possibility of conducting group exercises aimed at preventive training of the visuospatial memory of patients with a slight memory impairment;

c) ensuring the comfort of training with the "Eight-ray chip" due to the lack of the need to hold it in the patient's hand, as well as the convenience of lifting it from a horizontal surface;

d) maintaining the interest of patients in the process of training through the use of a new device;

e) providing the possibility of using the “Eight-Ray Chip" an unlimited number of times due to the fact that it is made of plastic, and graphic operations are performed on its surfaces by means of an easily erasable water marker;

f) ensuring the possibility of conducting long-term courses for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory due to an unlimited number of tasks, the formation of which is carried out by the patients themselves;

g) providing the opportunity to conduct classes for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor due to the fact that the cells of the "Eight-ray chip" are made in the form of recesses that do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

h) the simplicity of the design of the "Eight-Ray Chip", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the arsenal of devices intended for group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, which helps to maintain the interest of patients in the occupation process and is provided due to the structural elements of the declared “Eight-ray chip”, providing comfort and convenience of long-term courses group classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor.

This technical result is ensured by the fact that the “Eight-ray chip” contains a flat plastic base having the shape of two identical squares rotated by 45 degrees relative to each other; at the same time, flanges of the same height are made on two sides of the base along the perimeter of each square, forming two types of recess cells on the front and back sides of the base: an octagonal shaped main cell, which is located in the central part of the front and back sides of the base, and eight identical the size of the additional cells-recesses of a triangular shape, which are located around the main cell-recesses, while the location of the main and additional cells-recesses on the front and back sides of the base is the same, and an eye with a through hole is made on the end surface of the base.

In a preferred embodiment, "Eight-ray chip" on the end surfaces of the base made notches.

In a preferred embodiment, the “Eight-Ray Chip" is marked on the front side of the base.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Eight-Ray Chip”, the recess cells are highlighted in a color different from the base color.

The essence of the utility model "Eight-ray chip for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - general view of the "Eight-Ray Chip";

In FIG. 2 is a side view of an “Eight-Ray Chip”.

The declared “Eight-Ray Chip” is a flat plastic base (1), having the form of a “simplified eight-ray star” (simplified octagram), which is two identical squares superimposed on each other, rotated 45 degrees relative to each other.

A “simplified eight-ray star” (a simplified octagram) is two squares rotated by 45 degrees relative to each other (Wikipedia. Octagram, found on 04/10/2020 on the Internet at https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octagram).

At the same time, flanges (2) of the same height are made on two sides of the base (1) along the perimeter of each square, forming two types of cell-recesses (3, 4) on the front and back sides of the base (1):

a) the main cell-recess (3) of an octagonal shape, which is located in the central part of the front and back sides of the base (1) and is designed to enter various images (objects, symbols, figures, etc.) with a water marker during classes;

b) eight additional triangular-shaped additional cells-recesses (4) of the same size, which are located around the main recession cell (3) and are designed to enter various icons (checkmarks, dots) with a water marker during classes.

The dimensions indicated below for this particular “Eight-Ray Chip” are not signs of narrowing the scope of legal protection, as they may change in the process of its creation.

The distance between the opposite corners (vertices) of the base (1) of the "Eight-ray chip" is 50-100 mm, and its thickness is 2-4 mm.

The width of the shoulders (2) is 2-4 mm, and their height is the same and equal to 1-2 mm.

Thus, the design features of the main and additional recess cells formed by the shoulders (3, 4) facilitate the process of inserting various images and icons into them with a water marker for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor.

At the same time, the small depth of the main and additional cells-recesses (3, 4) does not prevent the removal of the images and icons inscribed in them by means of a sponge designed to erase water markers.

The location of the main and additional cells-recesses (3, 4) on the front and back sides of the base (1) is the same.

On the end surface of the base (1) in one of the corners (vertices) an eye (5) is made with a through hole.

"The eye - a device on the side of various objects for more convenient lifting, holding, hanging, etc." (Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Efremova. The meaning of the word eye, found on 04/10/2020 on the Internet at https://www.efremova.info/word/ushko.html#.XkdSQxtn3IU).

The thickness of the eyelet (5) is equal to the thickness of the base (1) of the "Eight-beam chip", and its width is 6-10 mm. The diameter of the through hole is 3-7 mm.

Thus, the eyelet (5) provides the implementation of the following functions:

a) serves as a reference point for the same spatial arrangement of images and icons inscribed in the main and additional cell-indentations (3, 4) during the classes;

b) realizes the possibility of installing a metal ring in it, which provides additional convenience when lifting the "Eight-ray chip" from a horizontal surface;

c) provides the possibility of threading a string connecting several “Eight-rayed chips” with each other, in the case of a group session with the simultaneous use of several “Eight-rayed chips”.

For the convenience of lifting and holding the "Eight-ray chip" when it is turned over, notches (6) are made on the end surfaces of the base (1).

For the convenience of practicing patients with the “Eight-Ray Chip”, a mark (7) is applied (for example, with dark paint) to the front side of the base (1), which can be made, for example, in the form of a triangle.

For better perception by patients of the cells-recesses (3, 4), they are highlighted in a color (for example, through paint) that differs from the color of the base (1).

Work with the utility model "Eight-ray chip for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" is carried out as follows.

Before starting classes, the specialist forms a group of two patients with approximately the same degree of visual and spatial memory impairment.

In this case, one of the patients in the group is appointed by the specialist forming the task, and the other patient is performing the task.

Next, the patient, forming the task, holding the “Eight-ray chip” located on the desktop by the edges of the base (1), writes the image (object, symbol, figure, etc.) with a water marker into the main cell-recess (3) on the front side of the base (1 ), also highlighting one or more additional cells-recesses (4) by entering icons (checkmarks, dots) in them.

In this case, the complexity of the images that fit into the main cell-recess (3) and the number of allocated additional cells-recesses (4) is determined by a specialist.

After that, the patient performing the task, for a period of time specified by the specialist (from 20 seconds or more) remembers the image inscribed in the main cell-recess (3) and the location of the selected additional cell-recesses (4), after which it turns over the “Eight-ray chip” and carries out from memory the image in the main cell-recess (3), as well as the selection of the corresponding additional cell-recesses (4) on the back of the base (1).

In case of difficulty, the patient performing the task may briefly turn the “Eight-Ray Chip”, thus receiving a hint.

Verification of the correctness of the task is carried out by comparing the images in the main cells-recesses (3) and the location of the selected additional cells-recesses (4) on the front and back sides of the base (1) of the “Eight-ray chip”.

Further, all the images and icons inscribed in the cell-recesses (3, 4) are deleted with a sponge to erase water markers, the patient forming the task, and the patient performing the task change roles, and the whole sequence of actions is repeated a number of times specified by the specialist.

Along with the method described above, group classes can be carried out by another method, based on the simultaneous use of several (from 2 to 4) "Eight-ray chips".

In this case, the patient, forming the task, enters the images into the main cell-recesses (3) and selects additional cell-recesses (4) on the front sides of the bases (1) of the “Eight-ray chips” located in a row on the surface of the desktop.

After this, the patient performing the task, within a specified time (from 20 seconds or more), remembers the images in the main cells-recesses (3) and the location of the selected additional cell-recesses (4) used "Eight-ray chips".

Then the “Eight-rayed chips” are turned over, and the patient performing the task should try to write the images into the main recess cells (3) from memory and select additional recesses (4) on the reverse sides of the bases (1) of the “Eight-rayed chips” used.

Verification of the correctness of the assignment is carried out by sequentially comparing the images in the main cells-recesses (3) and the selected additional cells-recesses (4) on the front and back sides of the bases (1) used "Eight-ray chips".

Lessons using several "Eight-rayed chips" can be carried out by another method, which consists in the fact that the specialist selects in dark color (for example, using a permanent marker) one additional recess cell (4) on the bases (1) of several "Eight-rayed chips" such so that each "Eight-ray chip" is distinguished by a distinguished additional cell-recess (4).

In this case, the location of the selected additional cells-recesses (4) on the front and back sides of the base (1) of one “Eight-ray chip” is the same.

During training using this method, the patient forming the task enters various images into the main cell-recesses (3) of the used “Eight-ray chips”, and the patient performing the task, within the time interval specified by the specialist (from 20 seconds or more) remembers the images on the “Eight-beam chips” ", Which differ in the location of the selected additional cell-recesses (4), and then reproduces the image data from memory in the main cells-recesses (3) on the reverse sides of the bases (1) used" Eight-ray chips ".

For the convenience of practicing patients with several “Eight-rayed chips”, a cord connecting them to each other can be threaded through the eyelet (5) of each “Eight-rayed chip”.

After mastering the work with the "Eight-Ray Chip" under the guidance of a specialist, patients get the opportunity to conduct independent group exercises with it.

The effectiveness of the use of the “Eight-Ray Chip” during classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory is ensured by the fact that the social factors affecting the mental sphere of patients through the mechanisms of a small social group are included in the training process: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition, etc. Of great importance is the fact that in the case of insufficient motivation for classes in one patient group, he is prompted to classes by another patient.

Along with classes on the restoration of visual-spatial memory, the “Eight-ray chip” is also intended for use during classes on preventive training of visual-spatial memory, the main difference of which is the high complexity of the images that fit into the main cell-recess (3), a larger number highlighted additional cells-recesses (4) and a shorter time interval for their memorization.

In addition, the "Eight-Ray Chip" can be effectively used in a number of other cases:

a) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children with impaired visual-spatial memory formation;

b) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

c) as a chip of a developmental game aimed at developing and training visual-spatial memory in healthy children;

d) as chips of a memory simulator for healthy people who want to improve their memory;

e) as a souvenir product, for example, a keychain for keys or bags, providing the opportunity to exercise visual-spatial memory in various conditions.

Thus, the “Eight-ray chip for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” due to its structural elements ensures the comfort and convenience of long-term courses of group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands.

The declared “Eight-Ray Chip” introduces an element of novelty into the training process, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients.

Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the "Eight-ray chip" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Claims (4)

1. An eight-ray chip for group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, characterized in that it contains a flat plastic base having the shape of two identical squares rotated by 45 degrees relative to each other; at the same time, flanges of the same height are made on two sides of the base along the perimeter of each square, forming two types of recess cells on the front and back sides of the base: an octagonal-shaped main cell, which is located in the central part of the front and back sides of the base, and eight identical the size of the additional cells-recesses of a triangular shape, which are located around the main cell-recesses, while the location of the main and additional cells-recesses on the front and back sides of the base is the same, and an eye with a through hole is made on the end surface of the base. 2. An eight-ray chip according to claim 1, characterized in that notches are made on the end surfaces of the base. 3. An eight-ray chip according to claim 1, characterized in that a mark is applied to the front side of the base. 4. The eight-ray chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the cell-recesses are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

Images