RU197008U1 - Round chip with circular sectors for group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “A round chip with circular sectors for group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” refers to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual -spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic. A useful model contains a flat plastic base (1) round minutes shape on the front and reverse sides of which are made shoulders (2) and radial projections (3) of uniform height are formed on each of the sides of the base (1) the same cell-recesses (4) having the shape of circular sectors; the flanges (2) are made on the outer edge of each of the sides of the base (1), and the radial protrusions (3) are made on both sides of the base (1) with the same angular intervals, while the total number and location of the cell-recesses (4) on each side of the base (1) is the same, and on the end surface of the base (1) there is an eyelet (5) with a through hole. Thus, the “Round chip" due to its structural elements ensures the comfort and convenience of conducting long-term courses of group lessons on The restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands. The declared “Round chip” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients. Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the “Round Chip" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

Of great importance for the effectiveness of restorative education are the forms of its organization, which are used during classes with patients at a neurological clinic who have disorders of various mental functions.

Methods and forms of organization of restorative education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for maximizing the use of all human capabilities and abilities, using the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow psychologist -Social Institute of Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, p. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of rehabilitation education, which is based on the use of the social environment and other social factors, is the group form of classes, which helps to increase the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental functions, expanding and complementing individual lessons with a specialist and independent studies of patients while they are in a neurological clinic .

Group classes allow you to realize primarily the activity of communication and impact on the patient’s personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 9).

According to Marvin Shaw, a specialist in group dynamics, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (Myers D. Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997, chapter 9).

The use of the group form of classes helps to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation training when working on the restoration in patients of a neurological clinic of various types of memory, one of which is visual-spatial memory.

To conduct group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic, various devices and simulators are used.

So, from the existing level of technology, the device "Circle simulator for group exercises for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by the method of storing images in the ring sectors" is known (Patent RU 192583 U1 from 09/23/2019).

Structurally, this device is a flat base of circular shape, on the side surface of which there is a handle, and on both sides of the base there are recess cells having the shape of annular sectors.

During training with this device, one of the patients enters various images into the cell-recesses on one side of the base, after which the other patient remembers the image data, and from memory writes them into the cell-recesses on the other side of the base.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual and spatial memory of the clinic is:

a) the need to constantly transfer the device during classes from one patient to another;

b) the need to hold the device during training by the handle.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the device “Round chip for group exercises for the restoration of visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic” is known (Patent RU 195569 U1 of 01.31.2020).

Structurally, this device is a flat plastic base of a circular shape, on each side of which a recess cell is made, in which one of the patients enters an image, after which the other patient remembers this image and inscribes it in memory into the recess cell on the other side of the base.

The disadvantage of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory is that it is intended primarily for working with visual memory and is not intended for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above devices and simulators, as well as expand the arsenal of devices intended for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, a “Round chip with circular sectors for group exercises in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” was developed (hereinafter in the text "Round chip").

 The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) ensuring the possibility of conducting group exercises with patients at the neurological clinic aimed at restoring impaired visual spatial memory;

b) providing the possibility of conducting group exercises aimed at the preventive training of the visual-spatial memory of patients whose memory impairment is manifested to a small extent;

c) ensuring the comfort of training with the "Round chip" due to the lack of the need to hold it in the patient’s hand, as well as the convenience of lifting it from a horizontal surface;

d) maintaining the interest of patients in the process of training through the use of a new device;

e) enabling the use of the "Round Chip" an unlimited number of times due to the fact that it is made of plastic, and graphic operations are performed on its surfaces by means of an easily erasable water marker;

f) ensuring the possibility of conducting long-term courses for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory due to an unlimited number of tasks, the formation of which is carried out by the patients themselves;

g) providing the opportunity to conduct classes for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremors due to the fact that the cells of the "Round chip" are made in the form of recesses that do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

h) the simplicity of the design of the "Round chip", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the arsenal of devices designed for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, which helps to maintain the interest of patients in the process of classes and is provided due to the structural elements of the declared "Round chip", providing comfort and convenience of long-term courses group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide a contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the "Round chip" contains a flat plastic base of circular shape, on the front and back sides of which are made collars and radial protrusions of the same height, forming the same cell-recesses in the form of circular sectors on each side of the base; while the flanges are made on the outer edge of each of the sides of the base, and the radial protrusions are made on both sides of the base with the same angular intervals, while the total number and location of the cell-recesses on each side of the base is the same, and on the end surface of the base there is an eye with through hole.

In the preferred embodiment of the "Round chip" the number of cells-recesses on each side of the base is 2-12 pieces.

In the preferred embodiment of the "Round chip" the width of the flanges and radial protrusions is the same.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Round Chip”, the thickness of the eye is equal to the thickness of the base.

In a preferred embodiment, "Round chips" on the end surface of the base made notches.

In a preferred embodiment of the "Round Chip" on the surface of the front side of the base is marked.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Round Chip”, the recess cells are highlighted in a color different from the base color.

The essence of the utility model "Round chip with circular sectors for group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - general view of the "Round chip" from the front side;

In FIG. 2 - side view of the "Round chip";

In FIG. 3 - section AA.

The declared “Round chip” is a flat plastic base (1) of a round shape, on the front and back sides of which there are flanges (2) and radial protrusions (3), forming identical recess cells (4) on each side of the base (1) in the form of circular sectors, which are designed to fit images of various symbols (letters, numbers) or icons (dots, checkmarks) with a water marker during the classes.

A circular sector is a part of a circle bounded by an arc and two radii connecting the ends of the arc to the center of the circle (Area of a circular sector, found 02.15.2020 on the Internet at https://shkolkovo.net/theory/57).

The dimensions of this particular “Round Chip” indicated below are not signs narrowing the scope of legal protection, as they may change during the process of its creation.

The diameter of the base (1) of the “Round chip" is 30-80 mm, and the thickness of the base (1), excluding the shoulders (2) and radial protrusions (3), is 2-4 mm.

The shoulders (2) are made on the outer edge of the front and back sides of the base (1).

Radial protrusions (3) are made evenly on both sides of the base (1) with the same angular intervals, and their number on each side of the base (1) is the same.

Thus, the flanges (2) and radial protrusions (3) made on both sides of the base (1) provide the implementation of the following functions:

a) serve as boundaries for the writing element of the water marker when inscribing images in the cell-indentations (4);

b) protect the images inscribed in the cell-recesses (4) from erasing when turning the “Round Chip" during the lesson;

c) increase the thickness of the base (1), providing convenience when lifting the "Round chip" from a horizontal surface.

Formed by the shoulders (2) and radial protrusions (3), the cell-recesses (4) are in the form of circular sectors, and their total number and location on each side of the base (1) is the same.

The total number of recess cells (4) on each side of the base (1) is 2-12 pieces, since when the number of recess cells (4) is more than 12 pieces, they become excessively narrow and inconvenient to fit various images into them during the classes.

On the end surface of the base (1), an eyelet (5) is made of a semicircular shape with a through hole.

"The eye - a device on the side of various objects for more convenient lifting, holding, hanging, etc." (Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Efremova. The meaning of the word eye, found on 02.15.2020 on the Internet at https://www.efremova.info/word/ushko.html#.XkdSQxtn3IU).

The thickness of the eyelet (5) is equal to the thickness of the base (1) of the "Round chip", and its width is 6-10 mm. The diameter of the through hole is 3-7 mm.

Thus, the eyelet (5) provides the implementation of the following functions:

a) serves as a reference point for the same spatial arrangement of images inscribed in the cell-recesses (4) of each of the sides of the base (1) during the classes;

b) provides the ability to install a metal ring in it, which provides additional convenience when lifting the "Round chip" from a horizontal surface;

c) provides the possibility of threading a lace connecting several "Round chips" with each other, in the case of a group lesson with the simultaneous use of several "Round chips".

The height of the flanges (2) and radial protrusions (3) made on each side of the base (1) is the same and is 1-2 mm, their width is also the same and equal to 2-5 mm.

Thus, the cell-recesses (4) formed by the collars (2) and radial protrusions (3) provide the ability to enter images in them for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands by restricting the output of the writing element of the water marker beyond the cell-recesses ( 4). At the same time, the small height of the shoulders (2) and radial protrusions (3) makes it possible to easily remove the images inscribed in the cell-recesses (4) by means of a sponge designed to erase water markers.

For the convenience of lifting and holding the "Round chip" when it is turned over, notches (6) are made on the end surface of the base (1).

For the convenience of practicing patients with the “Round chip”, a mark (7) is applied (for example, with dark paint) to the surface of the front side of the base (1), which can be made, for example, in the form of a circle.

For better perception by patients of the cells-recesses (4), they are highlighted in a color (for example, by means of paint) that differs from the color of the base (1).

Work with the utility model “Round chip with circular sectors for group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” is carried out as follows.

Before starting classes, the specialist forms a group of two patients with approximately the same degree of visual and spatial memory impairment.

In this case, one of the patients in the group is appointed by the specialist forming the task, and the other patient is performing the task.

Further, the patient who is forming the task, holding the “Round chip” located on the desktop by the shoulders (2), writes images of various symbols (letters, numbers) or icons (with a water marker) into separate cells-recesses (4) of the front side of the base (1) dots, checkmarks).

Moreover, the total number of recess cells (4) into which the patient inscribes images, and the type of images is set by a specialist.

 After that, the patient performing the task, within a specified time interval (from 20 seconds or more), remembers the images written in the cell-recesses (4) and their location, after which he turns the “Round chip” and tries to reproduce the images he remembered by entering them from memory to the corresponding cell-recesses (4) on the back of the base (1).

In the event of difficulty, the patient performing the task may briefly turn the “Round Chip" over, thus receiving a hint.

Verification of the correctness of the task is carried out by comparing the images inscribed in the cell-recesses (4) on the front and back sides of the base (1) of the "Round chip".

Further, all images inscribed in the cell-recesses (4) are deleted with a sponge to erase water markers, the patient forming the task, and the patient performing the task change roles and the whole sequence of actions is repeated a number of times specified by the specialist.

Along with the method described above, group classes can be carried out by another method, based on the simultaneous use of several (from 2 to 7) "Round chips".

In this case, the patient who forms the task enters the images into separate recesses (4) of several "Round chips" located in a row on the surface of the desktop, after which the patient who performs the task within the time specified by the specialist (from 20 or more seconds) stores the image data and their location on each of the used "Round chips".

Next, the “Round Chips” are turned over, and the patient performing the task should try to reproduce the images he remembered by writing them in memory into the corresponding recesses (4) on the reverse sides of the used “Round Chips”.

Verification of the correctness of the tasks is carried out by sequentially comparing the images inscribed in the cell-recesses (4) on the front and back sides of each “Round chip”.

For the convenience of practicing patients with several “Round chips”, a string connecting them to each other can be threaded through the eyelet (5) of each “Round chip”.

After mastering the work with the "Round chip" under the guidance of a specialist, patients get the opportunity to conduct independent group exercises with it.

The effectiveness of using the “Round Chip” during the classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory is ensured by the fact that the social process influences the mental sphere of patients in a neurological clinic through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition and Other important is the fact that in case of lack of motivation for classes in one patient group, he is prompted to to another patient.

Along with classes in the restoration of visual-spatial memory, the "Round chip" is also intended for use during classes in preventive training of visual-spatial memory, the main difference of which is a larger number of images entered into the cell-recesses (4) and a shorter time interval for their memorization.

In addition, the "Round chip" can be effectively used in a number of other cases:

a) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children with impaired visual-spatial memory formation;

b) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

c) as a chip of a developmental game aimed at developing and training visual-spatial memory in healthy children;

d) as chips of a memory simulator for healthy people who want to improve their memory.

Thus, the “Round chip with circular sectors for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” due to its structural elements ensures the comfort and convenience of long-term courses of group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients with neurological clinics, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor.

The declared “Round Chip” introduces an element of novelty into the training process, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients.

Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the “Round Chip" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Claims (7)

1. A round chip with circular sectors for group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, characterized in that it contains a flat plastic base of a round shape, on the front and back sides of which are made flanges and radial protrusions of the same height, forming on each side the base is the same cell-recesses in the form of circular sectors; while the flanges are made on the outer edge of each of the sides of the base, and the radial protrusions are made on both sides of the base with the same angular intervals, while the total number and location of the cell-recesses on each side of the base is the same, and an eye with through hole. 2. A round chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of recess cells on each side of the base is 2-12 pieces. 3. A round chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the shoulders and radial protrusions is the same. 4. The round chip under item 1, characterized in that the thickness of the eyelet is equal to the thickness of the base. 5. A round chip according to claim 1, characterized in that notches are made on the end surface of the base. 6. A round chip according to claim 1, characterized in that a mark is applied to the surface of the front side of the base. 7. A round chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the cell-recesses are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

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