RU186615U1 - Magnetic simulator for classes to restore spatial perception in patients with a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “Magnetic simulator for classes to restore spatial perception in patients of a neurological clinic” refers to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore spatial perception in patients of a neurological clinic.

The utility model contains a plastic case (1) of a box-shaped hexagonal shape made of plastic, the distance between the opposite sides of which is 160-200 mm, and a height of 15-20 mm, while inside the case (1) on the bottom surface it is rigidly fixed made of metal with magnetic properties a working plate (2), the shape and size of which corresponds to the shape and size of the bottom of the body (1), and on the surface of the working plate (2) there is a marking in the form of lines with a thickness of 1-2 mm, forming thirty-seven identical in size six cells (3), on which magnet chips (6) of different colors are placed, and the spatial arrangement of cells (3) has the configuration of a complex geometric figure, consisting of seven vertically arranged rows of hexagonal cells (3): the central row, which includes seven cells (3), to the left and right of which three rows of cells (3) are symmetrically arranged as follows - two side rows adjacent to the central row contain six cells (3), two other side rows adjacent to them contain five cells (3) ), and adjacent to two extreme rows contain four cells each (3); and near the upper cell (3) of the central row, a mark (5) is applied to the working plate (2); at the same time, a removable box-shaped cover (4) made of light-colored plastic is installed on top of the housing (1), the shape and size of the internal cavity of which corresponds to the shape and external dimensions of the housing (1), and cell images are applied to the front surface of the cover (4) and labels similar to cells (3) and label (5) on the working plate (2).

Thus, the claimed "magnetic simulator" due to its design features allows classes to restore spatial perception with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including bedridden patients, as well as patients with impaired fine motor skills and hand tremor, while providing the possibility of conducting long-term rehabilitation courses classes using exercises of varying difficulty. The importance of the “magnetic simulator” also lies in the fact that its use introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation exercises, turning them into an exciting and interesting psychological training for patients.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can find application in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore spatial perception in patients with a neurological clinic.

Spatial perception is the ability of a person to perceive the spatial characteristics of the world: the size and shape of objects, as well as their relative position (Wikipedia. Free Encyclopedia. Psychology of space perception, found on 08.25.2018 on the Internet at https: //ru.wikipedia .org / wiki / Space-Perception Psychology).

Like other mental functions of a person, spatial perception is disturbed in various organic diseases of the brain, associated primarily with damage to the tertiary parieto-temporal-occipital departments of the cortex.

Currently, various training simulators are used for classes to restore disturbed spatial perception.

So, the printing simulator “Game training: memory training, space view, time view” is known, on one of the printed pages of which at the top there is a table consisting of 28 cells, some of which contain various elements (14 letters and 8 images of objects and objects), and at the bottom of the page there is a similar-sized table with empty cells into which the student must copy the elements in accordance with their spatial arrangement (Guryev Yu.V. Game training: three memory marking, the idea of space, the idea of time. A manual for children 5-6 years old. Publishing house "KARO", St. Petersburg, 2004, p. 27).

Also known is the "Practical Simulator for the Development of Speech, Attention, Memory, Thinking, Perception" in the center of one of the printed pages of which there are two, consisting of 11 cells of the table, in the cells of one of which there are images of 4 different berries, which the student should redraw to the empty cells of another table next to it (Teremkova N.E. Practical simulator for the development of speech, attention, memory, thinking, perception. Issue 1. For organizing classes with preschool children, Strekoza LLC, Moscow , 2016, art p. 23).

The disadvantages of these printing simulators when they are used during classes to restore impaired spatial perception in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the inability to change the degree of complexity of tasks by changing the number of items to copy;

b) the working material of these simulators can be used only once, since after performing graphic operations, a trace from a writing instrument remains on paper sheets;

c) insufficient amount of working materials contained in these simulators for carrying out full-fledged long courses to restore spatial perception;

d) the difficulty of performing graphical actions to copy images to table cells for patients with impaired fine motor skills and hand tremor;

e) the need for a solid horizontal surface to perform graphical operations on sheets of printing simulators, which complicates their use by bedridden patients;

f) the pages of these simulators along with tasks for spatial perception contain textual and graphic materials of other tasks that can distract the attention of patients;

g) low interest in classes with materials of printing simulators in a number of patients in a neurological clinic due to the monotony of working with them;

h) these simulators can cause negative emotions in adult patients, as their appearance and illustrations correspond to the children's age group.

In order to overcome the above drawbacks, a "Magnetic simulator for classes to restore spatial perception in patients of a neurological clinic" (hereinafter referred to as "magnetic simulator") was developed.

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) providing the possibility of forming tasks of varying difficulty by means of a "magnetic simulator";

b) providing the opportunity to practice with a "magnetic simulator" for patients at a neurological clinic with the presence of hand tremors and impaired fine motor skills;

c) ensuring the possibility of training with the "magnetic simulator" of bed patients in a neurological clinic, as well as walking patients in various conditions, in the absence of a horizontal surface of the desktop, for example, on a walk;

d) ensuring the possibility of carrying out with a "magnetic simulator" full-fledged long-term training courses aimed at restoring spatial perception;

e) providing the possibility of training with the "magnetic simulator" by various methods that contribute to improving the effectiveness of rehabilitation education and making the process of training more interesting;

e) the simplicity of the design of the "magnetic simulator", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice;

g) the use of prefabricated elements in the "magnetic simulator" that reduce its cost and simplify manufacturing.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the functionality of printed simulators of spatial perception, provided by the structural elements of the inventive "magnetic simulator", allowing classes to restore spatial perception with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including bedridden patients, as well as patients with minor motor skills and hand tremors, while providing the ability to conduct long courses, restore classes using exercises of varying degrees of difficulty.

This technical result is ensured due to the fact that the “magnetic simulator” contains a box-shaped hexagonal shape made of plastic, the distance between the opposite sides of which is 160-200 mm and a height of 15-20 mm, while the inside of the body on the bottom surface is rigidly fixed made of metal with magnetic properties, a working plate, the shape and size of which corresponds to the shape and size of the bottom of the body, and on the surface of the working plate, markings are applied in the form of lines 1-2 mm thick, forming on it the surface there are thirty-seven hexagonal cells of the same size, on which magnet chips of different colors are placed, and the spatial arrangement of the cells has the configuration of a complex geometric figure, consisting of seven vertically arranged rows of hexagonal cells: the central row, which includes seven cells, to the left and to the right of which is symmetrically arranged in three rows of cells as follows - two side rows adjacent to the central row contain six cells, two other side rows adjacent to them contain five cells, and the adjacent two extreme rows contain four cells each; and near the upper cell of the central row, a mark is applied to the working plate; at the same time, a removable box-shaped cover made of light-colored plastic is installed on the top of the case, the shape and size of the inner cavity of which corresponds to the shape and external dimensions of the case, and the front surface of the cover has images of cells and labels similar to cells and a mark on the working plate.

In a preferred embodiment of the “magnetic simulator”, the thickness of the bottom of the body is 2-3 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the “magnetic simulator”, the wall thickness of the housing is 3-6 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the “magnetic simulator”, the thickness of the working plate is 0.5-1 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the “magnetic simulator”, the mark can be made, for example, in the form of a triangle.

In a preferred embodiment of the “magnetic simulator”, the height of the lid is equal to the height of the housing.

In a preferred embodiment of the "magnetic simulator" the thickness of the upper part of the lid and its walls is 2-3 mm.

The essence of the utility model "Magnetic simulator for classes to restore spatial perception in patients with a neurological clinic" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - a general view of the body of the "magnetic simulator" without chips-magnets;

In FIG. 2 - the cover of the body of the "magnetic simulator";

In FIG. 3 is a general view of the body of the “magnetic simulator” with installed magnet chips;

In FIG. 4, 5 - examples of work cards with tasks of varying degrees of difficulty.

The inventive "magnetic simulator" includes a box-shaped body (1) made of plastic in the form of a regular hexagon, the distance between the opposite sides of which is 160-200 mm, a height of 15-20 mm, a thickness of the bottom of 2-3 mm, and a wall thickness of 3 -6 mm (see Fig. 1).

Inside the housing (1), on the bottom surface, a work plate (2) 0.5-1 mm thick, made of metal with magnetic properties (e.g. steel), is rigidly fixed (for example, by means of adhesive bonding), the shape and size of which correspond to the shape and size of the bottom housing (1).

On the surface of the working plate (2) there is applied (for example, dark paint) marking in the form of lines 1-2 mm thick, forming on its surface 37 (thirty seven) hexagonal cells (3) of the same size, designed to place magnet chips on them (6) (see Fig. 3).

The spatial arrangement of cells (3) has the configuration of a complex figure, which is a polyhex - a geometric figure in the form of a polygon composed of several regular hexagons connected by sides (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyhex).

This geometric figure consists of seven vertically arranged rows of hexagonal cells (3) - the central row, which includes 7 (seven) cells (3), to the left and right of which three rows of cells (3) are symmetrically located as follows - adjacent to the central two side rows contain 6 (six) cells (3), adjacent to them two other side rows contain 5 (five) cells (3), and the adjacent two extreme rows contain 4 (four) cells (3) .

Near the upper cell (3) of the central row, on the working plate (2), a mark (5) is applied (for example, with dark paint), which ensures the spatial orientation of the “magnetic simulator” case (1) during the classes.

Label (5) can be made in the form of a triangle, or some other symbol.

The case (1) of the "magnetic simulator" is closed on top of a removable box-shaped cover (4) made of light-colored plastic (see Fig. 2), the height of which is equal to the height of the case (1), the thickness of the upper part and the walls is 2-3 mm , and the shape and size of its internal cavity corresponds to the shape and external dimensions of the housing (1) of the "magnetic simulator".

On the front surface of the cover (4) of the housing (1) are applied (for example, dark paint) images of cells and labels similar to cells (3) and label (5) on the working plate (2) of the “magnetic simulator”.

For a better perception of images of cells on the surface of the lid (4), their inner areas can be made in white.

Thus, the cover (4) of the "magnetic simulator" provides the following functions:

a) provides the ability to perform graphical actions on its surface with a water marker during classes with a "magnetic simulator";

b) protects chip magnets (6) from falling out of the housing (1) during storage and transportation of the “magnetic simulator”;

c) together with the building (1) it serves as a place for storing and storing work cards (7) used during classes with the “magnetic simulator”.

Existing magnets having a round or hexagonal shape (see Fig. 3), for example, magnets included in the “Magnetic Hexagon Mosaic” set, which are plastic chips, can be used as magnet chips (6) when working with a “magnetic simulator” hexagonal shape in five different colors with built-in magnets (online store "MY-SHOP.RU, Hexagonal magnetic mosaic, found on 08/30/2018 on the Internet at https://my-shop.ru/shop/toys/341184. html? b45 = 1_2).

The total number of magnet chips (6) included in the package of the “magnetic simulator” is 20 (twenty) pieces. In this case, the magnet chips (6) differ in color, and have, for example, the following colors: red, yellow, green, blue, purple (see Fig. 3).

To conduct classes with the “magnetic simulator”, a set of thick work cards made of thick paper (7) is used (see Fig. 4, 5) with a total number of 20-30 pieces, the shape and size of which are similar to the shape and size of the bottom of the case (1), which provides the possibility of their storage and storage inside the housing (1) of the "magnetic simulator".

Each working card (7) on the front and back contains a schematic representation of the working plate (2) of the “magnetic simulator” with a label and hexagonal cells, a certain part of which contains colored hexagons (8), the color scheme of which corresponds to the colors of the used magnet chips (6 )

The degree of difficulty of working cards (7) is determined by the number and arrangement of colored hexagons (8).

The "Magnetic simulator for classes to restore spatial perception in patients of a neurological clinic" works as follows:

At the beginning of the lesson, the specialist removes the cover (4) from the body (1) of the "magnetic simulator", takes out a set of work cards (7) and selects one of them of a certain degree of difficulty (see Fig. 4, 5), depending on the severity of the spatial perception disturbance the patient.

After that, the specialist removes excess magnet chips (6) from the working plate (2) of the "magnetic simulator" so that the number and color of the remaining magnet chips (6) strictly correspond to the number and colors of colored hexagons (8) on the used working card ( 7).

At the same time, the case (1) of the “magnetic simulator” is located on the desktop or in the patient’s hands so that the mark (5) located on the working plate (2) is in the upper part of the case (1) (see Fig. 3).

At the initial stages of classes to restore spatial perception, the specialist places the used work card (7) in front of the patient so that the image of the label is in the upper part of the work card (7), which is the simplest version of the task (see Fig. 4).

Next, the patient, looking at the colored hexagons (8) of the work card (7), must reproduce their spatial arrangement by moving the magnet chips (6) of different colors on the working plate (2) into the corresponding cells (3).

At the later stages of classes to restore spatial perception, the specialist places the work card (7) in front of the patient so that the mark on it is rotated at any angle (for example, 60, 120, 180 degrees), which is a more difficult option .

In this case, the patient, looking at the colored hexagons (8), must mentally rotate the working card (7), taking into account the location of the label, and reproduce the spatial position of the colored hexagons (8) by moving the magnet chips (6) of different colors into the corresponding cells ( 3) a working plate (2).

After that, the task is checked for correctness by rotating the working card (7) so that the location of the mark image becomes similar to the location of the mark (5) on the working plate (2) of a real "magnetic simulator".

As patients achieve positive results in the restoration of spatial perception, a gradual complication of tasks occurs, consisting of:

a) in the use of work cards (7) with a large number of colored hexagons (8) (see Fig. 5);

b) by presenting work cards (7) so that the image of the mark is rotated at a certain angle.

Along with the method based on the use of work cards (7), exercises to restore spatial perception can be carried out by another method.

In this case, the cover (4) of the "magnetic simulator" is used, the front surface of which contains images of cells and marks similar to hexagonal cells (3) and the mark (5) of the working plate (2).

 When using this method, the specialist installs a certain number of chips-magnets (6) on the cells (3) of the working plate (2), after which the patient copies their spatial location by writing letters with the water marker in the corresponding cells of the cover (4) of the “magnetic simulator”, indicating the color of the magnet chips located in similar cells (3) (6).

So, for example, the patient inscribes the letter “Zh” in the cells of the lid (4), if the magnet chip (6) is yellow, the letter “Z”, if the magnet magnet (6) is green, etc. d.

After completing the task, it is checked, after which the letters entered by the patient in the cells of the lid (4) of the "magnetic simulator" are removed with a sponge to erase the water markers.

 As patients achieve positive results in the restoration of spatial perception, a gradual complication of tasks occurs by:

a) by installing on the cells (3) of the working plate (2) a larger number of magnet chips (6);

b) by arranging the housing (1) with the installed magnet chips (6), so that the mark (5) is rotated by a certain angle.

After the lesson using the "magnetic simulator", all the chips-magnets (6) are installed on the work plate (2), and work cards (7) are removed inside the case (1) and the cover (4), which covers the top of the case (1).

Thus, due to the design features of the “magnetic simulator”, it is possible to conduct classes to restore spatial perception with bedridden patients, who can easily hold the body (1) with magnet chips (6) fixed on the surface of the working plate (2).

Along with this, it is possible to conduct classes with patients of a neurological clinic who have impaired fine motor skills or the presence of hand tremor, since due to the force of magnetic attraction, chip magnets (6) are securely fixed on the surface of a metal working plate (2), while maintaining the possibility their easy movement.

Along with the use of a "magnetic simulator" for classes to restore spatial perception in patients with a neurological clinic, it can be widely used in the following cases:

a) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children with impaired formation of spatial perception;

b) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

c) as an exciting game for training spatial perception in healthy children.

Thus, the claimed "magnetic simulator" due to its design features allows classes to restore spatial perception with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including bedridden patients, as well as patients with impaired fine motor skills and hand tremors, while providing the possibility of conducting long-term rehabilitation courses classes using exercises of varying difficulty.

The importance of the “magnetic simulator” also lies in the fact that its use introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation exercises, turning them into a psychological training that is fascinating and interesting for patients.

Claims (8)

1. A magnetic simulator for training to restore spatial perception in patients with a neurological clinic, characterized in that it contains a box-shaped hexagonal shape made of plastic, inside of which a working plate made of metal with magnetic properties is rigidly fixed on the bottom surface, the shape and size of which correspond to the shape and the size of the bottom of the case, and on the surface of the working plate there is a marking in the form of lines forming thirty seven of the same size on its surface rectangular cells, on which magnet chips of different colors are placed, and the spatial arrangement of the cells has the configuration of a complex geometric figure, consisting of seven vertically arranged rows of hexagonal cells: a central row that includes seven cells, to the left and right of which three rows are symmetrically located cells as follows - two side rows adjacent to the central row contain six cells, two other side rows adjacent to them contain five cells, and two extreme ones adjacent to them series contain four cells; and near the upper cell of the central row, a mark is applied to the working plate; at the same time, a removable box-shaped cover made of light-colored plastic is installed on the top of the case, the shape and size of the inner cavity of which corresponds to the shape and external dimensions of the case, and the front surface of the cover has images of cells and labels similar to cells and a mark on the working plate. 2. The magnetic simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the opposite sides of the housing is 160-200 mm, and the height is 15-20 mm. 3. The magnetic simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall thickness of the housing is 3-6 mm, and the thickness of the bottom is 2-3 mm. 4. The magnetic simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the working plate is 0.5-1 mm. 5. The magnetic simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the marking lines have a thickness of 1-2 mm. 6. The magnetic simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the mark can be made, for example, in the form of a triangle. 7. The magnetic simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the lid is equal to the height of the housing. 8. The magnetic simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the upper part of the lid and its walls is 2-3 mm.

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