RU197888U1 - A triangular chip with grooves in the form of triangles for group corrective developmental exercises and training visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to clinical psychology, neuropsychology and pedagogy and can be used in group corrective and developmental activities with children with impaired visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills, as well as for training visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills in healthy children. The utility model contains a flat plastic base (1) of a triangular shape, on the front and back surfaces of which grooves (2) are made of the same depth, forming triangles (3), which are located in such a way that each smaller triangle (3) is located inside the triangle (3 ) bigger size; the number and location of the triangles (3) formed by the grooves (2) on each side of the base (1) is the same, and on the end surface of the base (1) there is an eyelet (5) with a through hole. Thus, the “Triangular chip" the account of its structural elements provides the opportunity to conduct long-term courses of group corrective and developmental activities with children with impaired formation of visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills, as well as training visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills in healthy children. 4 s.p. f-ly, 2 ill.

Description

This useful model relates to clinical psychology, neuropsychology and pedagogy and can be used in group corrective and developmental activities with children with impaired visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills, as well as for training visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills in healthy children .

Visual-spatial memory is one of the types of memory necessary for human life.

In case of violations of the formation of visual-spatial memory in children, correctional and developmental classes are conducted, during which various printing simulators and devices are used.

So, the “Practical simulator for the development of speech, attention, memory, thinking, perception” is known on one of the pages of which in the upper part are color images of various objects, and in the lower part - similar images, but not containing colors. A busy child needs to try to remember the coloring of images of objects, then close them with a sheet of paper and color from memory with colored pencils or felt-tip pens the images located at the bottom of the simulator page (Teremkova N.E. Practical simulator for the development of speech, attention, memory, thinking, perceptions, Issue 2, Dragonfly LLC, Moscow, 2016, p. 3).

The disadvantages of this printing simulator when using it for group corrective and developmental exercises and training visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills are:

a) this printing simulator is not intended for correctional-developing activities and training of fine motor skills;

b) this printing simulator is not intended for group classes;

c) a small amount of working material, which is insufficient for conducting long-term training courses;

d) the possibility of only a single use of the printed materials of the simulator.

Also, from the existing level of technology, a device is known as a “simulator-triangle with linear and triangular recesses for group exercises on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” (Patent RU 192748 U1 from 09.30.2019).

Structurally, this device is a triangular base on one of the side faces of which the handle is located, and linear and triangular recesses are made on the front and back sides of the base.

During classes with this device, one of the patients enters the lines into linear recesses and various icons into triangular recesses on the front side of the base, after which the other patient remembers the location of the lines and icons and reproduces them from memory in linear and triangular recesses on the back of the base.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used for group corrective developmental exercises and training visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills are:

a) this device is not intended for corrective developmental exercises and training of fine motor skills;

b) the need to hold the device during training by the handle;

c) the need to transfer the device from one practitioner to another.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the device "Triangular chip for group exercises to restore visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic" is known (Patent RU 196354 U1 dated 02.26.2020).

Structurally, this device is a flat plastic base of a triangular shape, on each side of which is made one triangular cell-recess.

During classes with this device, one of the students enters an image into the cell-recess of one of the sides of the base, after which the other student remembers this image and writes it from memory into the cell-recess on the other side of the base.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used for group corrective developmental exercises and training visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills are:

a) this device is not intended for corrective developmental exercises and training of fine motor skills;

b) this device is intended primarily for working with visual memory and is not intended for corrective developmental exercises and training visual-spatial memory.

Observed in children with violations of the formation of mental functions, one of which is visual-spatial memory, can be accompanied by disorders of the motor sphere, among which the most common is a violation of fine motor skills.

Fine motor skills is a set of coordinated actions aimed at performing precise small movements with hands and fingers (Wikipedia. The Free Encyclopedia. Fine motor skills, found on 04/05/2020 on the Internet at https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Fine_motorics).

For corrective developmental exercises and training of fine motor skills of children, various devices are used.

So, from the existing level of technology, the device “Simulator for the development of fine motor skills” is known (Novation online store. The simulator for the development of fine motor skills was found on 04/05/2020 on the Internet at https://novacia72.ru/katalog/ product / trenazher-dlya-razvitiya-melkoy-motoriki).

Structurally, this device is a wooden panel with dimensions of 580x110x580 mm, in which several cutouts are made with movable elements installed in them, which the child should move by hand along these cutouts.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used for group corrective developmental exercises and training visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills are:

a) this device is not intended for classes on the restoration of visual-spatial memory;

b) the significant dimensions of this device, limiting the possibilities of its use during classes with children;

c) movements carried out by means of this device are mechanical, therefore, they can lead to increased fatigue of children and a decrease in interest in classes.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the device “Cube simulator with circles for classes to restore spatial perception and fine motor skills in patients with a neurological clinic” is known (Patent RU 185414 U1 dated 04.12.2020).

Structurally, this device is a plastic cube-case located on the handle, on the surface of each face of which grooves are made in the form of concentric circles.

During classes with this device, work cards are used that contain images of a cube scan consisting of six squares, each of which contains images of concentric circles, some of which are highlighted in color.

The student needs to copy the image of the cube scan on the edge of the cube body, highlighting the corresponding circles on its faces with the help of a water marker.

Thus, this device provides the possibility of simultaneous work on the restoration of mental functions, in particular spatial perception, and motor functions, in particular fine motor skills.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used for group corrective developmental exercises and training visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills are:

a) this device is not intended for corrective developmental exercises and training visual-spatial memory;

b) the need to constantly hold the device in the process of training for the handle;

c) the need to use additional elements in the form of work cards with tasks.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above devices and simulators, as well as to provide the possibility of conducting long-term courses of group corrective and developmental exercises and training visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills, a “Triangular chip with grooves in the form of triangles for group corrective-developing exercises and visual-spatial training has been developed memory and fine motor skills "(hereinafter referred to as the" Triangular chip ").

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) ensuring the possibility of conducting classes aimed at simultaneous work with mental (visual-spatial memory) and motor functions (fine motor skills) of children;

b) the inclusion of movements aimed at restoring fine motor skills in an interesting and attractive game activity for children;

c) ensuring the possibility of holding group corrective and developmental classes with children with impaired formation of visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills;

d) providing the possibility of training visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills in healthy children;

d) maintaining the interest of children in the classes through the use of a new device;

f) ensuring the comfort of training with the "Triangular chip" due to the lack of the need to hold it in your hand, as well as the convenience of lifting it from the horizontal surface of the desktop;

g) providing the possibility of using the "Triangular chip" an unlimited number of times due to the fact that it is made of plastic, and graphic operations are performed on its surfaces using easily erasable water markers;

h) ensuring the possibility of conducting long-term training courses due to the fact that the formation of tasks is carried out directly by the children themselves by highlighting grooves on the surface of the "Triangular Chip" with colored markers;

i) the absence of the need to use additional elements such as work cards;

j) the simplicity of the design of the "Triangular Chip", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical and pedagogical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the ability to conduct long-term courses of group corrective developmental exercises and training visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills, provided by the structural elements of the claimed "Triangular chip", allowing for long-term courses of corrective developmental classes with children with disabilities the formation of visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills, as well as the training of visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills in healthy children.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the "Triangular chip" contains a flat plastic base of a triangular shape, on the front and back surfaces of which grooves of the same depth are made, forming triangles, which are located in such a way that each smaller triangle is located inside a larger triangle; the number and location of the triangles formed by the grooves on each side of the base is the same, and an eye with a through hole is made on the end surface of the base.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Triangular Chip,” the sides of the base may vary in length.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Triangular Chip”, notches are made on the end surfaces of the base.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Triangular Chip”, a mark is applied to the front surface of the base.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Triangular Chip”, a white coating is applied to the surface of the grooves.

The essence of the utility model "A triangular chip with grooves in the form of triangles for group corrective-developing exercises and training visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - view of the front side of the "Triangular chips";

In FIG. 2 is a side view of the "Triangular Chip".

The declared "Triangular chip" (see Fig. 1, 2) is a flat plastic base (1) of a triangular shape, on the front and back surfaces of which grooves (2) are made of the same depth, forming triangles (3), which are designed to encircle water markers of different colors during the classes.

Moreover, the shape of each triangle (3) is similar to the shape of the base (1) of the “Triangular Chip”.

“Similarity is a concept that characterizes the presence of the same shape, independent of size, of geometric shapes” (Triangles website. Similarity shapes, found on 04/05/2020 on the Internet at http://www.treugolniki.ru/podobie -figur /).

The following dimensions of this particular “Triangular Chip” are not signs that narrow the scope of legal protection, as they may change during the process of its creation.

The length of the side of the base (1) of the "Triangular chip" can be 30-90 mm, and the thickness of the base (1) is 4-8 mm.

In this case, the sides of the base (1) of the "Triangular chip" may vary in length, and the angles between adjacent sides of the base (1) may vary in size.

Thus, depending on the length of the sides, the base (1) of the “Triangular Chip” may have the configuration of an equilateral, isosceles or versatile triangle, and depending on the size of the angles, the base (1) may have the configuration of an acute-angled, rectangular or obtuse triangle (Wikipedia. Triangle, found on 04/05/2020 on the Internet at https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangle).

The triangles (3) formed by the grooves (2) are located on the front and back surfaces of the base (1) from the center to the edges of the base (1) so that each smaller triangle (3) is located inside the larger triangle (3).

The grooves (2) may have the same width or vary in width, which is 3-10 mm.

The triangles (3) formed by the grooves (2) can be located at the same or different distance from each other. In this case, the minimum distance between adjacent grooves (2) is 1-2 mm.

The edges of the base (1) are separated from the grooves (2) nearest to it by collars (4), the width of which is 4-10 mm.

The number of triangles (3) on each side of the base (1) is the same and amounts to 2-10 pieces.

The depth of the grooves (2) is the same and equal to 1-2 mm.

Thus, the design features of the triangles formed by the grooves (2) (3) provide the implementation of the following functions:

a) serve as guides for the writing element of the water marker, providing the possibility of circling them for children with impaired fine motor skills;

b) protect against erasing the triangles highlighted with colored markers (3) when turning the "Triangular Chip" in the classroom.

At the same time, the shallow depth of the grooves (2) does not prevent the removal of traces of colored markers by means of a sponge intended for their erasure.

The number and location of the triangles (3) formed by the grooves (2) on each side of the base (1) is the same.

On the end surface of the base (1), in the region of one of the corners or sides, an eye (5) is made with a through hole.

The eye - a device on the side of various objects for more convenient lifting, holding, hanging, etc. (Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Efremova. The meaning of the word eye, found on 04/05/2020 on the Internet at https://www.efremova.info/word/ushko.html#.XkdSQxtn3IU).

The thickness of the eyelet (5) is 2-4 mm less than the thickness of the base (1) of the "Triangular Chip", and its width is 6-10 mm. The diameter of the through hole is 3-7 mm.

Thus, the eyelet (5) provides:

a) the possibility of installing a metal ring in it, which creates additional convenience when lifting the "Triangular chip" from a horizontal surface;

b) the possibility of threading a lace connecting several “Triangular chips” with each other, in the case of a group session with the simultaneous use of several “Triangular chips”.

To ensure the convenience of lifting the "Triangular chip" from the surface of the desktop when it is turned over, notches (6) are made on the end surfaces of the base (1).

For the convenience of practicing with the "Triangular chip" on the front surface of the base (1), a mark (7) is applied (for example, by means of paint), which can be made, for example, in the form of a triangle.

For the children to better perceive the colors of the water markers that highlight the triangles (3), a white coating is applied to the surface of the grooves (2) forming them (for example, by means of paint).

Work with the utility model “A triangular chip with grooves in the form of triangles for group corrective-developing exercises and training visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills” is carried out as follows.

Before the start of the lesson, the specialist forms a group of two children with approximately the same problems with visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills.

In this case, the specialist appoints one child, forming the task, and the other child - performing the task.

Further, the child who forms the task, holding the “Triangular chip” located on the desktop by the edges of the base (1), using easily erasable multi-colored markers, selects in different colors part of the triangles (3) on the front surface of the base (1) by encircling them with different water markers colors (development and training of fine motor skills).

At the same time, the number of triangles allocated (3) and the number of markers of different colors used are determined by a specialist and increase as children achieve positive results.

After that, the child performing the task, within a specified time interval (from 20 seconds or more), remembers (development and training of visual-spatial memory) the colors and the location of the selected triangles (3) on the front surface of the base (1).

Then, the child performing the task turns the “Triangular chip” with the front surface of the base (1) down, and then tries to reproduce from memory (development and training of visual-spatial memory) the colors of the selected triangles (3), outlining with markers of similar colors (development and training of small motor skills) corresponding triangles (3) on the back surface of the base (1).

In the event of difficulties, the child performing the task can briefly turn the "Triangular Chip", thus receiving a hint.

Checking the correctness of the task is carried out by comparing the colors of the selected triangles (3) on the front and back surfaces of the base (1).

Further, all traces of water markers are removed with a sponge designed to be erased, the child forming the task and the child completing the task change roles and the entire sequence of actions is repeated a number of times specified by the specialist.

Along with the method described above, group exercises can be carried out by another method, based on the simultaneous use of several (from 2 to 5) “Triangular chips”.

In this case, the child forming the task draws with markers of different colors (development and training of fine motor skills) part of the triangles (3) on the front surfaces of the bases (1) of several "Triangular tiles" located in a row on the surface of the desktop, after which the child performing the task, during the time interval set by the specialist (from 20 seconds or more) remembers (development and training of visual-spatial memory) the colors and the location of the selected triangles (3) on the front surfaces of the used “Triangular chips”.

Further, all “Triangular chips” are turned over, and the child performing the task should try to reproduce from memory (development and training of visual-spatial memory) the colors of the selected triangles (3), outlining the corresponding triangles with markers of similar colors (development and training of fine motor skills) ( 3) on the reverse surfaces of the bases (1) of the "Triangular chips" used.

Verification of the correctness of the tasks is carried out by sequentially comparing the colors of the selected triangles (3) on the front and back surfaces of the bases (1) of the “Triangular chips” used.

For the convenience of conducting classes using several “Triangular chips”, a lace connecting each other can be threaded through the eyelet (5) of each of them.

Along with correctional and developmental exercises, the "Triangular chip" is intended for use during classes aimed at developing and training visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills in healthy children.

Also, the claimed "Triangular chip" can be used for classes to restore visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills in patients with a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions of various etiologies.

In addition, the "Triangular chip" can be used as a souvenir product, for example, a keychain for keys or bags, providing the ability to train visual-spatial memory in various conditions.

Thus, the “Triangular Chip”, due to its structural elements, provides the opportunity to conduct long-term courses of group corrective and developmental activities with children with impaired formation of visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills, as well as training visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills in healthy children.

The declared “Triangular chip” introduces an element of novelty into the process of training, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for children.

Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the "Triangular chip" can be widely used in clinical and pedagogical practice.

Claims (5)

1. A triangular chip with grooves in the form of triangles for group corrective developmental exercises and training visual-spatial memory and fine motor skills, characterized in that it contains a flat plastic base of a triangular shape, on the front and back surfaces of which grooves of the same depth are made, forming triangles, which are arranged so that each smaller triangle is located inside the larger triangle; the number and location of the triangles formed by the grooves on each side of the base is the same, and an eye with a through hole is made on the end surface of the base. 2. The triangular chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the sides of the base can vary in length. 3. The triangular chip according to claim 1, characterized in that notches are made on the end surfaces of the base. 4. The triangular chip according to claim 1, characterized in that a mark is applied to the front surface of the base. 5. The triangular chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the grooves is coated with white.

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