RU187364U1 - Plate labyrinth simulator for exercises to restore fine motor skills and voluntary attention in patients with a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics for classes on the restoration of fine motor skills and voluntary attention in patients of a neurological clinic.

The utility model contains a light-plastic housing (1) of a plate-shaped shape 20-30 mm high with a flat bottom with an inner diameter of 160-200 mm, on which straight and arched shoulders (2) are made 2-3 mm wide and 1-2 mm high, which are arranged in such a way that they form a circular labyrinth on the bottom surface, consisting of tracks (3) 8-15 mm wide, intended for drawing on them with a water marker a connecting line connecting the start and end points (7, 8) of the labyrinth, which are indicated by different icons, and on top surface ribs (2) coated with a darker color compared with the color of the housing (1); at the same time, a flat rim (4) is made along the upper edge of the housing (1), 7-10 mm wide, 4-6 mm thick, on which two rectangular protrusions (5) are made with rounded edges, 40-60 mm long, 20-30 wide mm, one of which is located on the side of the starting point (7) of the labyrinth, and the other on the opposite side, and on the upper surface of each protrusion (5) a rectangular cell-recess (6) is made with a depth of 1-2 mm.

Thus, the claimed plate-shaped labyrinth simulator allows classes to restore fine motor skills and voluntary attention with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, while ensuring the convenient fixation of the passage of the labyrinth during independent studies of patients.

The use of a plate labyrinth simulator introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into a training that is fascinating and interesting for patients.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics for classes on the restoration of fine motor skills and voluntary attention in patients of a neurological clinic.

Violation of fine motor skills in patients with a neurological clinic occurs due to various organic diseases of the brain and leads to difficulties in performing various everyday activities, writing, drawing, etc.

To restore impaired fine motor skills in patients with a neurological clinic, various exercises are used to ensure the inclusion of hand movements in certain activities that require precise coordination of movements.

One of the most common exercises that contribute to the restoration of fine motor skills is based on the use of images of various labyrinths, for the passage of which it is necessary to draw a line connecting the beginning and end of the labyrinth, which should not be in contact with the boundaries of its tracks. Along with restoring fine motor skills, this exercise also contributes to the restoration of voluntary attention.

To implement this exercise in practical work, various printing simulators containing images of labyrinths are used.

So, the printing simulator “Album on the development of fine motor skills” is known, on the printed pages of which there are various labyrinths that must be passed by drawing a connecting line with a pencil from the beginning to the end of the labyrinth, so that it passes in the middle of the track and the pencil does not come off the paper (Dmitrieva VG Album on the development of fine motor skills. Smart fingers. - Moscow: Publishing house "AST", 2015, p. 11, 12, 13).

The disadvantages of this printing simulator when using it during classes to restore fine motor skills and voluntary attention in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the working material of this simulator can be used only once or for a limited number of times, since after performing graphic operations a trace remains on a paper sheet;

b) the difficulty of completing tasks for patients with severe impairment of fine motor skills due to the fact that the boundaries of the paths of the labyrinths are limited only by lines that do not prevent the writing instrument from going beyond them;

c) the difficulty of conducting classes with bedridden patients, since a solid horizontal surface is necessary to perform graphic operations on the paper sheet of a printing simulator;

d) the difficulty of recording the passage of the maze during independent studies of patients;

e) low interest in classes with materials of printing simulators in a number of patients in a neurological clinic due to the monotony of working with them.

Also known is a press simulator containing various labyrinths, “Funny labyrinths. Preparing your hand for the letter ”, on the pages of which a protective coating is applied that allows you to draw a connecting line with a water marker, followed by its removal with a sponge to erase water markers, so the worksheets of this simulator can be used an unlimited number of times (Dmitrieva V.G. Funny labyrinths. Preparing a Hand for the Letter Reusable Notebook for Boys - Moscow: Astrel Publishing House, St. Petersburg: Sova Publishing House, 2011, pp. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7).

The disadvantages of this printing simulator when using it during classes to restore fine motor skills and voluntary attention in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the difficulty of drawing connecting lines on the paths of the labyrinth, due to the fact that the student must constantly keep his hand on the weight, so as not to accidentally erase parts of the connecting line that are easily erased by touch with a water marker;

b) the difficulty of completing tasks for patients with severe impairment of fine motor skills due to the fact that the boundaries of the paths of the labyrinths are limited only by lines that do not prevent the writing instrument from going beyond them;

c) the difficulty of conducting classes with bedridden patients, since a solid horizontal surface is necessary to perform graphic operations on the paper sheet of a printing simulator;

d) the difficulty of fixing the time of the passage of the maze during independent studies of patients;

e) low interest in classes with materials of printing simulators in a number of patients in a neurological clinic due to the monotony of working with them.

In order to overcome the above drawbacks, a "Plate labyrinth simulator for classes to restore fine motor skills and voluntary attention in patients of a neurological clinic" was developed (hereinafter referred to as a plate labyrinth simulator).

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) ensuring the convenience of conducting classes due to the fact that during the application of the connecting line, the patient’s hand rests on the upper part of the hard rim of the plate labyrinth simulator, so the patient does not need to constantly keep his hand on the weight so as not to accidentally erase the connecting line drawn with a marker;

b) providing the possibility of conducting classes with a plate simulator-labyrinth for bed patients due to the rigidity of the body, allowing to put a connecting line without support on the surface of the desktop, as well as the presence of handles-protrusions, which provide convenient holding of the plate simulator-labyrinth in the patient's hand;

c) providing the possibility of practicing with a plate labyrinth simulator for patients with severe impairment of fine motor skills, due to the fact that the boundaries of the labyrinth paths are made in the form of protrusions that do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

d) the possibility of conveniently fixing the time of the passage of the maze during independent studies of patients;

e) the simplicity of the design of the plate simulator labyrinth, contributing to its widespread adoption in the practice of working with patients in a neurological clinic.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to expand the functionality of the printing simulator "Funny mazes. We are preparing a hand for writing ”, provided by the structural elements of the declared cymbal simulator-labyrinth, allowing classes to restore fine motor skills and voluntary attention with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including bedridden patients, as well as patients with severe fine motor impairment, while ensuring the possibility of conveniently recording the passage of the maze during independent studies of patients.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the plate labyrinth simulator contains a plate-shaped body made of light plastic with a height of 20-30 mm with a flat bottom with an inner diameter of 160-200 mm, on which straight and arc-shaped collars are made with a width of 2-3 mm and a height 1-2 mm, which are arranged in such a way that they form a circular labyrinth on the bottom surface, consisting of tracks 8-15 mm wide, intended for drawing on them with a water marker a connecting line connecting the start and end points a maze of labyrinth, which are indicated by various icons, and on the upper surface of the shoulders a coating of a darker color is applied in comparison with the color of the body; at the same time, a flat rim of 7-10 mm wide, 4-6 mm thick is made along the upper edge of the body, on which two rectangular protrusions with rounded edges, 40-60 mm long, 20-30 mm wide are made, one of which is located on the side of the initial points of the labyrinth, and the other on the opposite side, and on the upper surface of each protrusion a rectangular cell-depression is made with a depth of 1-2 mm.

In a preferred embodiment, the plate labyrinth simulator, the thickness of the bottom of the body is 3-4 mm

In a preferred embodiment, the plate labyrinth simulator, the wall thickness of the body is 2-3 mm.

In a preferred embodiment, the plate simulator labyrinth, the inner diameter of the upper part of the body exceeds the inner diameter of the bottom by 20-40 percent.

In a preferred embodiment, the plate simulator-labyrinth icon, which indicates the starting point of the labyrinth, can be, for example, an arrow.

In a preferred embodiment, the plate simulator-labyrinth icon, which indicates the end point of the labyrinth, can be, for example, a circle.

In a preferred embodiment, the plate simulator labyrinth, the thickness of the rectangular protrusion is equal to the thickness of the rim of the body.

In a preferred embodiment, the plate labyrinth simulator, the dimensions of the cell-recesses are determined by the size of the protrusion and the edge bridge of 3-5 mm.

The essence of the utility model "Plate simulator labyrinth for classes to restore fine motor skills and voluntary attention in patients of a neurological clinic" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

in FIG. 1 is a front view of a plate labyrinth simulator;

in FIG. 2 is a side view of a plate labyrinth simulator;

in FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a plate labyrinth simulator.

The claimed plate-shaped labyrinth simulator is a plate-shaped body (1) made of light plastic (see Figs. 1-3) with a flat bottom, on which the shoulders (2) are made, forming a circular labyrinth on its surface consisting of tracks (3 ), intended for drawing on them a connecting line connecting the start and end point (7, 8) of the labyrinth by means of an easily erasable water marker.

The inner diameter of the bottom of the housing (1) is 160-200 mm, and its thickness is 3-4 mm.

The height of the casing (1) of the plate labyrinth simulator is 20-30 mm, the inner diameter of the upper part of the casing (1) exceeds the inner diameter of the bottom by 20-40 percent, and the wall thickness of the casing (1) is 2-3 mm.

On the upper edge of the housing (1), a flat rim (4) is made of a width of 7-10 mm, a thickness of 4-6 mm, which performs the following functions:

a) gives additional rigidity to the body (1) of the plate simulator labyrinth;

b) serves as a support for the patient’s hand when applying the connecting line during classes with a plate labyrinth simulator.

Inside the body (1) on the surface of the bottom there are straight and arcuate flanges (2) 2-3 mm wide and 1-2 mm high (see Figs. 1, 3), which are located in such a way that they form a circular labyrinth on the bottom surface, consisting of tracks (3) 8-15 mm wide.

The number of flanges (2) depends on the inner diameter of the bottom of the body (1) and the width of the tracks (3) of the circular labyrinth.

Design features of the shoulder (2), forming a circular labyrinth on the bottom surface, ensure the implementation of the following functions:

a) prevent the writing instrument from going beyond the paths (3), making it possible to perform the task even for patients with gross violation of fine motor skills;

b) do not interfere with the removal of the circular labyrinth of connecting lines applied to the tracks (3) due to their small height;

c) give additional rigidity to the bottom of the body (1) of the plate labyrinth simulator, which is important when using it by bed patients without resting on the surface of the desktop.

To ensure a better visual perception by patients of the paths (3) of the labyrinth, a darker coating (for example, with paint) is applied on the upper surface of the shoulders (2) compared to the color of the body (1) of the plate labyrinth simulator.

To facilitate orientation in the structure of the labyrinth, its starting point (7) is indicated by some icon, for example, an arrow, and the end point (8) is indicated by another icon, for example, a circle (see Fig. 1)

On the rim (4) of the case (1) of the cymbal simulator-labyrinth, two rectangular protrusions (5) with rounded edges are made, one of which is located on the side of the starting point (7) of the labyrinth, and the other on the opposite side.

The length of the rectangular protrusions (5) is 40-60 mm, the width is 20-30 mm, and the thickness is equal to the thickness of the rim (4).

On the upper surface of each protrusion (5), a rectangular cell-recess is made (6), designed to enter the time of the beginning and end of the passage of the maze.

The depth of each cell-recess is 1-2 mm, and the dimensions are determined by the dimensions of the protrusion (5) and the edge jumper of 3-5 mm.

Thus, rectangular protrusions (5) with recess cells (6) provide the following functions:

a) in the course of conducting independent studies at the working table, the convenience of recording the time of the passage of the labyrinth is ensured, due to the fact that the patient writes in the cell-recess (6) located near the starting point (7) of the labyrinth (6 minutes), corresponding to the beginning of the exercise, and immediately after the passage of the maze, enters into the other cell-recess (6) the time corresponding to the end of the exercise, after which it determines the total time of passage of the maze;

b) in the course of conducting classes with bedridden patients, it is ensured that patients can comfortably hold a plate labyrinth simulator for one of the rectangular projections (5).

For storage and transportation of a plate labyrinth simulator, a cover made of plastic or fabric material (not shown in the figures) is used.

Work with the "Plate simulator-labyrinth for classes to restore fine motor skills and voluntary attention in patients of a neurological clinic" is as follows.

Before starting a lesson at a working table, a plate labyrinth simulator is installed on the surface of the desktop so that the protrusion (5) located near the starting point (7) of the labyrinth with the cell-recess (6) is at the greatest distance from the patient. At the same time, the patient has a hand with a marker on the rim (4) of the plate labyrinth simulator, and with his other hand holds his body (1).

To register the passage of the maze, the patient must have a watch (electronic or second hand) in the zone of visibility of the patient.

Before starting the exercise, the patient writes the current time (minutes and seconds) in the cell-hole (6) located near the starting point (7) of the maze, after which it begins to draw a connecting line on the tracks (3) of the maze, trying not to touch the marker with its rod beads (2).

After the patient has brought the connecting line to the end point (8) of the labyrinth, he immediately records the current time in another cell-recess (6).

Next, the patient proceeds to fix the quantitative parameters of the task:

a) the total time of passage of the labyrinth, by subtracting from the time the exercise ends, the time the exercise began;

b) counting the number of allowed touches by the rod of the water marker of the flanges (2) of the maze.

The patient enters the results into the lesson protocol, after which he removes the connecting line from the surface of the paths (3) of the labyrinth and the numbers from the surface of the cell-recesses (6) using a sponge to erase water markers.

Then the patient continues the lesson with a plate simulator-labyrinth, repeating the above sequence of actions specified by a specialist the number of times.

Thus, due to the convenient fixation of the passage of the maze and the number of allowed contacts of the flanges (2) of the maze, the patient gets the opportunity to work on improving the accuracy and speed of movements associated with the application of the connecting line and contributing to the restoration of fine motor skills and its dynamic parameters.

When conducting exercises with bedridden patients, the plate labyrinth simulator is held by a sick hand by one of the rectangular protrusions (5), and with the other hand the patient draws a connecting line on the paths (3) of the labyrinth from its start to end point (7, 8).

Thus, due to the rigid construction of the case (1) of the plate labyrinth simulator, which allows drawing connecting lines without support on the surface of the desktop and the presence of rectangular protrusions (5), which ensure the convenience of holding it in the hand, it becomes possible to carry out exercises with bedridden patients of a neurological clinic.

The effectiveness of using a plate labyrinth simulator in the course of restoration of fine motor skills is also related to the fact that all the paths (3) of the labyrinth are limited by protruding 1-2 mm beads (2), so that the application of the connecting line becomes available even for patients with severe impairment fine motor skills.

Along with exercises to restore fine motor skills and voluntary attention in patients with a neurological clinic, a plate labyrinth simulator can also be used effectively in the following cases:

a) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children with impaired formation of fine motor skills and voluntary attention;

b) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with elderly people with impaired fine motor skills and voluntary attention;

c) as a board game, contributing to the development of fine motor skills and voluntary attention in healthy children.

Thus, the claimed plate-shaped labyrinth simulator allows classes to restore fine motor skills and voluntary attention with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, while ensuring the convenient fixation of the passage of the labyrinth during independent studies of patients.

The use of a plate labyrinth simulator introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into a training that is fascinating and interesting for patients.

Claims (8)

1. Plate labyrinth simulator for classes to restore fine motor skills and voluntary attention in patients of a neurological clinic, characterized in that it contains a plate-shaped flat-bottom body made of light plastic, on which straight and arched shoulders are made so that they form there is a circular labyrinth on the bottom surface, consisting of paths intended for drawing on them with a water marker a connecting line connecting the start and end points of the labyrinth, about values of various icons, and the upper surface of beads coated with a darker color compared with the color of the housing; at the same time, a flat rim is made along the upper edge of the casing, on which two rectangular protrusions with rounded edges are made, one of which is located on the side of the labyrinth starting point, and the other on the opposite side, and a rectangular cell-recess is made on the upper surface of each protrusion. 2. Plate simulator labyrinth according to claim 1, characterized in that the body has a height of 20-30 mm and a wall thickness of 2-3 mm. 3. A plate labyrinth simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the flat bottom has an inner diameter of 160-200 mm. 4. Plate simulator labyrinth according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner diameter of the upper part of the body exceeds the inner diameter of the bottom by 20-40 percent. 5. A plate labyrinth simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the arcuate flanges have a width of 2-3 mm and a height of 1-2 mm, and the paths of the labyrinth are 8-15 mm. 6. A plate labyrinth simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the icon that marks the start point of the maze can be, for example, an arrow, and the icon that marks the end point of the maze can be, for example, a circle. 7. The plate labyrinth simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the rectangular protrusions 40-60 mm long and 20-30 mm wide is equal to the thickness of the rim of the body, which is 4-6 mm. 8. The plate labyrinth simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the dimensions of the cell-recesses with a depth of 1-2 mm are determined by the dimensions of the protrusion and the edge bridge of 3-5 mm.

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