RU174184U1 - Keyboard simulator for classes to restore impaired spatial memory in bed patients of a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model "Keyboard simulator for classes to restore impaired spatial memory in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic" refers to medicine in the neurology and neuropsychology section and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore damaged spatial memory in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic The proposed device contains a plastic case (1) made of plastic, with a square shape in sizes from 60 × 60 to 80 × 80 mm , with a height of 15-20 mm, the inner space of the housing (1) is divided by partitions (2) into nine square cells (3) of the same size, and a plastic cover (4) is rigidly fixed to the upper part of the housing (1), in which nine square cutouts are made (5) of the same size, while inside the central cell (3) there are fixed: yellow LED (7), green LED (8), red LED (9), disconnector (10) and several elastic elements (11) on which the control key (6a), and inside each cell (3) located around the perimeter of the housing fixed-OPERATION: yellow LED (7). a disconnector (10) and several elastic elements (11), on which the working keys made of translucent plastic are installed (6b), on the lower surfaces of which an opaque film of a dark color is glued, in which cutouts in the form of arrows (16) are made, the direction of which corresponds to the spatial coordinates: north and south, west and east, and also to intermediate directions: northwest and northeast, southwest and southeast, while on / off switch (12) of the device are mounted on the side walls of the housing (1) and I manage the group their buttons (13), and inside one of the square cells (3) the battery (14) is fixed, and inside the other - the control unit (15) of the device, and a strap (17) is fixed to the bottom of the case (1) of the device. simulator ”allows classes to restore impaired spatial memory with bedridden patients in a neurological clinic, as well as with patients with impaired motor functions of one of the hands, providing them with effective exercises aimed at memorizing various spatial directions: p and south, east and west, as well as intermediate areas: northwest, northeast, southwest, southeast, with the ability to change the degree of difficulty of the proposed exercises to patients and ensuring they each performed by feedback action.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can find application in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore impaired spatial memory in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic.

Spatial memory is one of the types of memory that is aimed at remembering the spatial location of objects, people, physical stimuli (National Psychological Encyclopedia, Spatial memory, found 04/20/17 on the Internet at http://vocabulary.ru/termin/prostranstvennaja- pamjat.html).

Like other types of human memory, spatial memory is impaired in patients with a neurological clinic due to various organic brain lesions, in particular the SRW zone, which provides spatial analysis and synthesis.

To restore impaired spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic, various devices and simulators are used.

From the existing level of technology it is known "Device simulator for classes to restore impaired spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic" (Patent RU 168971 U1, published 02.28.2017).

Structurally, this simulator consists of a plastic case, inside which an LED backlight is installed, and in the upper part of the case there is a transparent and matte plate fixed between which there is an internal cavity in which work cards are laid, on which various images are applied, for example, arrows pointing in different directions. Hidden from the patient, thanks to the matte plate, the images of the arrows become visible after the LED backlight is turned on for a certain time. The patient needs to remember the location and direction of these arrows, and after turning off the LED backlight, mark them on the matte plate with a marker in memory.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it for classes to restore impaired spatial memory in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic are:

a) the inconvenience of holding the simulator in the hands and working with it bedridden patients;

b) the difficulty for patients with impaired motor functions of the hands to insert and remove work cards from the device;

c) the need for a significant number of work cards for long-term rehabilitation courses.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the Memory Maze game simulator (MenKind, Games, Memory Maze, found on 04/20/2017 on the Internet at https://www.menkind.co.uk/memory-maze/#full_description).

Structurally, this simulator consists of a plastic case, on the edges of which there are four round keys of different colors: red, yellow, green and purple, and in the center of the case there is a switch button. During the lesson, keys of different colors begin to be highlighted for short time intervals in a certain sequence, after which the student must repeat the sequence of highlighting them by pressing these keys.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it for classes to restore impaired spatial memory in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic are:

a) the inability to fully work on the restoration of spatial memory, since this simulator is designed primarily for the restoration of visual memory and its design does not reflect spatial directions;

b) the inconvenience of working with this device of bedridden patients in a neurological clinic due to the difficulty of holding it in hands;

c) during classes with this simulator, he provides the patient primarily with negative feedback informing him only of incorrect keystrokes and thereby focusing the patient on the mistakes made by him;

d) the impossibility of changing the degree of complexity of the proposed patient exercises when working with this simulator.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above devices, a "Keyboard simulator for exercises to restore impaired spatial memory in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic" (hereinafter referred to as "keyboard simulator") was developed.

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) ensuring the inclusion in the process of training to restore disturbed spatial memory of remembering various directions corresponding to spatial coordinates: north and south, west and east, as well as intermediate directions: northwest, northeast, southwest, southeast;

b) ensuring the comfort of classes due to the convenience of keeping the simulator bedridden;

c) providing the opportunity for training with a simulator of patients with impaired motor functions of one of the hands;

d) the constant provision of the patient with positive feedback informing him of the correctness of the implementation of each action, and not only about the mistakes made;

d) the possibility of changing the degree of complexity of the tasks offered to the patient. The technical result of the claimed utility model is the extension

the functionality of the “Memory Maze” simulator due to the structural elements of the proposed device, allowing classes to restore impaired spatial memory with bedridden patients in a neurological clinic, as well as with patients with impaired motor functions of one of the hands, providing them with effective exercises aimed at memorizing various spatial directions: north and south, west and east, as well as intermediate directions: northwest, northeast, southwest, southeast, s the ability to change the degree of complexity of the exercises offered by patients and to provide feedback for each action performed by them.

This technical result is ensured by the fact that the device comprises a square-shaped case made of plastic with dimensions from 60 × 60 to 80 × 80 mm, a height of 15-20 mm, a wall and bottom thickness of 3-4 mm, while the interior of the case is divided by partitions nine square cells of the same size, and a plastic cover is rigidly fixed to the upper part of the body, in which nine square cuts of the same size are made, the location of which corresponds to the location of the square cells of the body, with three central cells located in the center of the device’s body are fixed: a yellow LED, a green LED, a red LED, a disconnector, and several elastic elements, on which a control key made of translucent plastic is mounted movably with the possibility of reciprocation, and inside each cell located around the perimeter of the case devices are fixed: a yellow LED, a circuit breaker and several elastic elements on which it is movable with the possibility of reciprocating movement of the lips new working keys made of translucent plastic have been updated, on the lower surfaces of which a dark opaque film is glued, in which cutouts are made in the form of arrows, the direction of which corresponds to spatial coordinates: north and south, west and east, and also to intermediate directions: north-west and northeast, southwest and southeast, while the on / off switch and a group of control buttons are mounted on the side walls of the case, and a battery is fixed inside one of the square cells, and inside and the other is a device control unit, the battery through an on / off switch being electrically connected to the device control unit, which is electrically connected to the circuit breakers fixed in each cell, as well as to the yellow, green and red LEDs fixed in the central cell, and to the yellow LEDs, fixed cells located around the perimeter of the case, and a strap is fastened to the bottom of the device’s body, with Velcro tape glued to its ends.

In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the partitions is 3-4 mm, and the height is equal to the height of the body minus the thickness of the bottom of the body.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, the size of the plastic cover is similar to the size of the device case, and its thickness is 2-3 mm.

In a preferred embodiment, the size of the side of the square cutouts is 4-6 mm smaller than the size of the side of the square cell.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, the plastic cover is attached to the device case by means of a screw connection or by any other method, for example, a lock connection.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, the keys consist of an upper part, the size of which corresponds to the size of the square cutout in the plastic cover, and a lower part, made in the form of a collar, the size of which corresponds to the size of the square cell of the device body.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, the battery is electrically connected to a connector for connecting the charger located on one of the side walls of the device case.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, the strap may be made of flexible plastic or fabric material.

The essence of the utility model "Keyboard simulator for classes to restore impaired spatial memory in bed patients of a neurological clinic" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - general view of the "keyboard simulator";

In FIG. 2 - "keyboard simulator" fixed on the patient's hand; In FIG. 3-internal view of the body of the "keyboard simulator"; In FIG. 4 - the cover of the body of the "keyboard simulator";

In FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the electrical connection of the elements of the "keyboard simulator".

"Keyboard simulator" (see Fig. 1-4) includes a plastic case (1) made of plastic, measuring 60 × 60 to 80 × 80 mm in size, 15–20 mm high, with a wall and bottom thickness of 3-4 mm .

The inner space of the housing (1) is divided by plastic partitions (2) into nine square cells (3) of the same size (see Fig. 3).

The thickness of the partitions (2) is 3-4 mm, and the height is equal to the height of the housing (1) minus the thickness of the bottom of the housing (1).

A plastic cover (4) is rigidly fixed to the upper part of the housing (1), the size of which is similar to the size of the housing (1) of the device, and its thickness is 2-3 mm.

In the plastic cover (4) there are nine square cutouts (5) of the same size (see Fig. 4), designed to accommodate the keys (6), which are divided into a control key (6a) and operating keys (6b).

The location of the square cutouts (5) corresponds to the location of the square cells (3) of the housing, and the side size of the square cutouts (5) is 4-6 mm smaller than the size of the side of the square cell (3).

The plastic cover (4) is fixed to the device case (1) by means of a screw connection (not shown in the figures) or by any other method, for example, a lock connection.

Inside the central cell (3), which is located in the center of the device housing (1), there are fixed: yellow LED (7), green LED (8), red LED (9), disconnect switch (10) and several elastic elements (11) onto which the control key (6a) is supported.

Inside each cell (3) located around the perimeter of the device casing, there are fixed: yellow LED (7). a breaker (10) and several elastic elements (11), on which the working keys (6b) rest.

The keys (6a and 6b) are made of translucent plastic and consist of the upper part, the size of which corresponds to the size of the square cutout (5) in the plastic cover (4), and the lower part, made in the form of a collar (not shown in the figures), the size of which corresponds to the size of the square cell (3) of the housing (1) of the device.

The keys (6) are installed in square cells (3) with the possibility of reciprocating movement, due to the elastic properties of the material from which the elastic elements (11), for example, rubber, are made.

The circuit breakers (10) located in the square cells (3) of the housing are in contact with the lower parts of the keys (6), so that pressing any of the keys (6) ensures that the circuit breaker (10) installed underneath is activated.

On the bottom surface of each working key (6a), an opaque film of dark color is glued, in which cutouts are made in the form of arrows (16), the direction of which corresponds to spatial coordinates: north and south (up and down arrows), west and east (left and to the right), as well as intermediate directions: northwest and northeast, southwest and southeast (arrows (16) of operation keys (6a) located at the corners of the housing (1) of the device).

This design of the operation keys (6a) allows light from the yellow LED (7) to freely penetrate through the arrows (16), providing illumination of the arrow (16) of the button (6) associated with a specific spatial direction.

A switch / switch (12) of the device and a group of control buttons (13) are mounted in the side walls of the housing (1).

A battery (14) is provided inside one of the square cells (3), which provides power to the device, and inside the other square cell (3), the device control unit (15) is fixed (see Fig. 3).

The battery (14) through the on / off switch (12) of the device is electrically connected (see Fig. 5) to the control unit (15), which is electrically connected to the disconnectors (10) located in each cell (3), as well as to the central cell (3) with yellow, green and red LEDs (7, 8, 9), and with yellow LEDs (7). fixed in each cell (3) located around the perimeter of the housing (1) of the device.

The battery (14) is electrically connected to a connector (not shown in the figures) located on one of the side walls of the device housing (1) for connecting the charger.

A strap (17) is rigidly fixed to the bottom of the case (1), which is designed to fix the device on the patient’s wrist (see Fig. 2). The fastening of the strap (17) with the device on the patient’s wrist is carried out by means of Velcro tape (18) located at the ends of the strap (17).

The strap (17) may be made of flexible plastic or fabric material.

The "Keyboard simulator for classes on the restoration of impaired spatial memory in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic" works as follows:

Before the start of classes, the specialist fixes the “keyboard simulator” by means of a strap (17) on the wrist of the patient’s left hand, or hands with impaired motor functions.

Further, the specialist, by means of the on / off switch (12), turns on the power supply to the device, as a result of which the control key (6a) located in the center of the device starts to light up with a green LED (8), which means that the “keyboard simulator” is ready for operation.

After that, the specialist sets up the device in accordance with the severity of the spatial memory of this patient, setting the following parameters in accordance with the instruction using the control buttons (13):

a) the number of consecutively illuminated arrows (16) of the working keys (6b), which is from 3 to 8;

b) the time interval during which each arrow (16) of the working key (6b) is highlighted, which is from 1 to 3 seconds, and if necessary, can be more than 3 seconds.

Then the patient begins to work directly with the device by pressing the control key (6a), as a result of which the arrows (16) of the working keys (6b) begin to be highlighted in accordance with a random sequence specified by the control unit (15) of the device.

After that, the patient proceeds to complete the task by pressing the working keys (66) according to the presented sequence of highlighting their arrows (16).

In the case when the patient presses the operating keys (6b) with arrows (16) in the correct sequence, each time the control key (6a) is highlighted with a yellow LED (7), due to which the patient receives a positive feedback informing him of the correct execution this action.

In the case when the patient makes a mistake, the control key (6a) is highlighted with a red LED (9), informing the patient about the incorrectly performed action.

In this case, the patient can do the following:

a) correct the error by correctly pressing the other operating key (6b) corresponding to the sequence of their inclusion shown to him, as a result of which the control key (6a) under the yellow LED (7);

b) repeat the task first by pressing the control key (6a) illuminated by the red LED (9), as a result of which the arrows (16) of the operation keys (6b) will again be highlighted by the yellow LEDs (7) in the same sequence.

After correctly pressing all the operating keys (6b) in the given sequence, the control key (6a) begins to be highlighted with a green LED (8), giving the patient feedback on the correctness of the entire exercise and its completion.

To repeat the above cycle of actions, the patient presses the control key (6a) illuminated by a green LED (8), etc.

As patients achieve positive results in the restoration of impaired spatial memory, an increase in the number of consecutively illuminated arrows (16) of the working keys (6b) and the time interval during which they are highlighted are reduced.

After conducting classes on the restoration of impaired spatial memory, a specialist can leave the “keyboard simulator” worn on the patient’s hand to enable patients to conduct independent studies with the device.

Along with the use of the “keyboard simulator” for exercising with bedridden patients, it can also be used by walking patients, who, having this device in their hands, can conduct several independent lessons a day in accordance with the instructions of a specialist in a variety of conditions, for example, on a walk.

The importance of the “keyboard simulator” lies in the fact that its use introduces an element of novelty into the process of studying with patients, turning the process of training into an exciting and interesting psychological training for the patient.

Along with the use of the "keyboard simulator" for classes on the restoration of impaired spatial memory in bed patients of a neurological clinic, it can be widely used in the following cases:

1) during prophylactic training in spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic;

2) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children with impaired formation of spatial perception and memory;

3) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

4) as an exciting educational game for healthy children;

5) for training and improving spatial memory in healthy people who have this need for the strength of professional activity.

Thus, the proposed “keyboard simulator” allows classes to restore impaired spatial memory with bedridden patients in a neurological clinic, as well as with patients with impaired motor functions of one of the hands, providing them with effective exercises aimed at memorizing various spatial directions: north and south , west and east, as well as intermediate directions: northwest, northeast, southwest, southeast, with the possibility of changing the degree of complexity of the proposed pain training exercises and providing each action performed by them with feedback.

In addition, the proposed device helps to increase the interest of patients in rehabilitation education due to the fact that the work is carried out with a simulator that introduces an element of novelty into the classes and turns them into an exciting psychological training.

Along with this, the “keyboard simulator” has a wide scope of practical application that goes beyond the boundaries of a neurological clinic, and can be in demand as a device that contributes to the formation, correction and training of spatial memory.

Claims (8)

1. Keyboard simulator for classes to restore impaired spatial memory in bed patients of a neurological clinic containing a case with keys, characterized in that the case made of plastic has a square shape in size from 60 × 60 to 80 × 80 mm, height 15-20 mm, thickness walls and bottoms 3-4 mm, while the inner space of the casing is divided by partitions into nine square cells of the same size, and a plastic cover is rigidly fixed to the upper part of the casing, in which nine square cuts are made equally size, the location of which corresponds to the location of the square cells of the case, while inside the central cell located in the center of the device’s body are fixed: a yellow LED, a green LED, a red LED, a breaker and several elastic elements, on which is made movable with the possibility of reciprocating motion translucent plastic control key and inside each cell located around the perimeter of the device casing are fixed: yellow LED, disconnect and several elastic elements, on which working keys made of translucent plastic are mounted movably with the possibility of reciprocating movement, on the lower surfaces of which an opaque film of a dark color is glued, in which cutouts are made in the form of arrows, the direction of which corresponds to spatial coordinates: north and south, west and east, as well as to intermediate directions: northwest and northeast, southwest and southeast, with on / off switches mounted on the side walls of the housing There is a device and a group of control buttons, and a battery is fixed inside one of the square cells, and a device control unit inside the other, and the battery through an on / off switch is electrically connected to the device control unit, which is electrically connected to the breakers fixed in each cell, as well as yellow, green and red LEDs fixed in the central cell, and with yellow LEDs, fixed cells located around the perimeter of the case, and close to the bottom of the device flax strap, the ends of which is adhered tape fastener. 2. The keyboard simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the partitions is 3-4 mm, and the height is equal to the height of the body minus the thickness of the bottom of the body. 3. The keyboard simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the size of the plastic cover is similar to the size of the device body, and its thickness is 2-3 mm. 4. The keyboard simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the side size of the square cutouts is 4-6 mm smaller than the size of the side of the square cell. 5. The keyboard simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic cover is attached to the device body by means of a screw connection or by any other method, for example, a lock connection. 6. The keyboard simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the keys consist of an upper part, the size of which corresponds to the size of the square cutout in the plastic cover, and a lower part, made in the form of a shoulder, the size of which corresponds to the size of the square cell of the device body. 7. The keyboard simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery is electrically connected to a connector for connecting the charger located on one of the side walls of the device. 8. The keyboard simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the strap can be made of flexible plastic or fabric material.

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