RU174181U1 - Device-simulator for classes on the restoration of voluntary attention in patients of a neurological clinic by verbal-color interference - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model, "A simulator device for training to restore voluntary attention in patients of a neurological clinic using the verbal-color interference method", relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore voluntary attention in patients neurological clinic. The proposed device contains an opaque plastic case (1) of a box-shaped shape, the inner space of which has dimensions 210 × 297 mm, a height of 20-30 mm and is divided by partitions (2) 2–4 mm thick forming an internal frame of the case (2) forming 28- 40 rectangular cells (3) of the same size, in each of which four LEDs of different colors are fixed: red, yellow, green and blue, and on the upper surface of the frame of the partitions a matte plate made of translucent plastic 4-6 mm thick is attached (1 5), over which there should be a recess 3-4 mm high, intended for placement in it of a printed sheet (21) of A4 format containing a contour of words denoting the names of various colors, and to the upper part of the wide side of the matte plate (15) through a swivel ( 17) a clamping cover (16) made of transparent plastic with a thickness of 4-6 mm is movably fixed, with a handle-protrusion (18), and on the wide side of the housing (1) of the device, a control panel (8) is rigidly fixed, in the upper part of which a switch is mounted / switch (9) the device’s power supply, a color combination switch (10), four brightness controls (11, 12, 13, 14) LEDs (4, 5, 6, 7), and a battery (19) is fixed inside the control panel (8) of the device and device control unit (20). The proposed utility model, due to its structural elements, allows you to create an unlimited number of exercises that provide the possibility of its use in the practice of neuropsychological rehabilitation during long-term courses to restore voluntary attention in patients with a neurological clinic. Along with these, this device can also be used when conducting classes to train various mental processes in healthy people.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore voluntary attention in patients with a neurological clinic.

The attention process is a selective orientation of perception to a particular object, determining the successful orientation of the subject in the surrounding world and providing a more complete and distinct reflection of it in the psyche (Wikipedia, Free Encyclopedia, Attention, found March 10, 2017 on the Internet at https : //ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attention).

Arbitrary attention is a kind of attention associated with a conscious intention to concentrate consciousness on a phenomenon, an object as a result of its self-adjustment; it requires volitional effort and involves achieving the goal (Dictionaries and Encyclopedias on the Academician, Encyclopedic Dictionary of Psychology and Pedagogy, Attention arbitrary, found on March 10, 2017 on the Internet at https://psychology_pedagogy.academic.ru./3767/ spontaneous attention).

Arbitrary attention may be impaired in patients of a neurological clinic due to various organic brain lesions caused by vascular diseases, strokes, injuries, etc.

Currently, one of the effective ways to restore voluntary attention is to use various printing aids and simulators based on the "Stroop Effect", which consists in a delay in reading a word whose meaning does not correspond to the actual color of the letters of the word, for example, when the word "red" written in green.

The diagnostic technique based on this effect is called the Verbal-Color Interference Technique, which is also commonly known as the Stroop Test.

The classic version of this technique, developed in 1935, includes three forms with stimulus materials: a) a form with words printed in black; b) a form containing rectangular areas shaded in different colors; c) a form containing words printed in different colors indicating colors. The examiner needed to name the colors and read the words with the right and wrong meaning. In the course of the study, a significant reading delay was revealed with a discrepancy between the meaning of the word and its actual color. It was found that regular training reduced this delay and reduced the number of errors.

Currently, the “Verbal-color interference technique” is widely used as a computer simulator for the diagnosis and development of concentration and switching attention. This technique included a system of programs for training the brain, thanks to proven rehabilitation practice of effectiveness (BrainApps.ru Fitness for the brain. Stroop's task, found on March 10, 2017 on the Internet at http://brainapps.ru/game/Stroop).

In a computer simulator developed on the basis of this technique, words appear on the monitor screen, and the student using the keyboard or mouse must select the font color with which the letters are written. He has the right to three errors. For each correct answer, the student receives points. The higher the speed of giving the correct answers, the higher the complexity of the game.

The disadvantages of this computer simulator when using it for classes to restore voluntary attention in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the difficulty of working with the working material presented on the screen of the monitor, since this simulator is designed for practicing with healthy people;

b) increased fatigue of patients in a neurological clinic during classes using material presented on a computer monitor.

Currently, the “Verbal-color interference technique” is widely used in printed form as a simulator and diagnostic method designed to assess the possibility of an arbitrary concentration of attention (Bizyuk A.P., Compendium of neuropsychological research methods, Toolkit: - St. Petersburg: Speech, 2005. - p. 306, 307).

The stimulus material used when working with this technique consists of two printed forms containing words indicating colors. On the first form, the color names are written in black and white. On the second form, the words denoting colors are printed in fonts of different colors, and the color names sometimes coincide, and sometimes do not match the font color. The subject must read the words as quickly as possible within forty seconds, with a black-and-white form first presented, then color. Two indicators are estimated: the number of words, as well as the number of errors in reading.

The disadvantages of this technique when it is used as a simulator for classes to restore voluntary attention in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the impossibility of carrying out long courses of rehabilitation education, since the stimulus material of this methodology includes only one form containing the names of colors printed in different colors;

b) the difficulty of working with this technique for patients in a neurological clinic with visual impairment due to the relatively small print that prints words indicating colors.

To solve the above problems, a "Simulator device for training to restore voluntary attention in patients of a neurological clinic by the method of verbal-color interference" was developed.

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) simplicity and convenience of training with the device of patients in a neurological clinic;

b) the formation of an unlimited number of exercises with verbal-color interference, providing the opportunity for long-term courses of rehabilitation education;

c) providing comfortable conditions for the perception of working material by patients of a neurological clinic with visual impairment due to the large font size of the printed words.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the functionality of the printed forms “Methods of verbal-color interference” due to the structural elements of the proposed device, allowing to form an unlimited number of exercises with verbal-color interference, providing the possibility of its use in the practice of neuropsychological rehabilitation during long-term courses on restoration of voluntary attention in patients with a neurological clinic.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the device contains a box-shaped case made of opaque plastic, the inner space of which has dimensions 210 × 297 mm, a height of 20-30 mm and is divided by partitions 2-4 mm thick, forming the inner frame of the case and forming 28 -40 rectangular cells of the same size, in each of which four LEDs of different colors are fixed: red, yellow, green and blue, while the height of the frame from the partitions inside the device is defined it is locally based on the height of the device’s body in such a way that a niche is formed between the upper surface of the frame from the partitions and the upper edge of the device’s body, intended for fastening a matte plate made of translucent plastic with a thickness of 4-6 mm, and after fixing the matte plate, between its upper surface and the upper edge of the device’s case there should remain a 3-4 mm deep recess intended for placement in it of an A4 format printed sheet containing the image of word contours, starting names of various colors, and to the upper part of the wide side of the matte plate by means of a hinge, a pressing cover with a handle-protrusion made of transparent plastic with a thickness of 4-6 mm is movably fixed, and a control panel is rigidly fixed on the wide side of the device body, into the upper part of which : the device’s power on / off switch, a color combination switch, four LED brightness controls, and inside the control panel there is a battery, which The switch / switch is electrically connected to a control unit located inside the control panel, which is electrically connected to a color combination switch and four brightness controls, each of which is electrically connected to a group of LEDs of a certain color.

In a preferred embodiment, the wall thickness of the housing is 5-8 mm, and the thickness of the bottom is 3-5 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, the dimensions of the control panel are determined based on the dimensions of the elements of the device installed inside it and mounted on its upper surface.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, the dimensions of the pressure cap are similar to the size of the internal space of the device body.

In a preferred embodiment of the device on the control panel, under each brightness control is the name of the color.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, the battery is electrically connected to a connector for connecting the charger located on the control panel of the device.

The essence of the proposed "Device simulator for classes to restore voluntary attention in patients with a neurological clinic by verbal-color interference" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - general view of the device;

In FIG. 2 - internal view of the device (without a matte plate and a transparent cover);

In FIG. 3 - a device with LEDs on (without a printed sheet);

In FIG. 4 - a device with a printed sheet and the LEDs on;

In FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the electrical connection of the elements of the device (five cells with LEDs of different colors are conventionally shown);

In FIG. 6, 7 - the front and back side of the printed sheet with words.

The proposed device (see Fig. 1-3) consists of a box-shaped body made of opaque plastic (1), the inner space of which has dimensions 210 × 297 mm (A4 format), a height of 20-30 mm, and a wall thickness of 5-8 mm , the thickness of the bottom is 3-5 mm.

The internal space of the housing (1) of the device is divided by partitions (2) with a thickness of 2-4 mm forming 28 to 40 rectangular cells (3) of the same size, and forming the inner frame of the housing (1).

In each of the cells (3) four LEDs of different colors are fixed (see Fig. 2): red LED (4), yellow LED (5), green LED (6) and blue LED (7).

The height of the frame structure from the partitions (2) located inside the body (1) of the device is determined locally based on the height of the device frame (1) so that between the upper edge of the frame from the partitions (2) and the upper edge of the device body (1) a niche intended for installation of a matte plate (15) made of translucent plastic with a thickness of 4-6 mm, which is located on the upper surface of the frame from partitions (2) and is rigidly attached to the body (1) In this case, after installing the matte plate (15), between her upper th surface and the upper edge of the housing (1) of the device must remain recess 3-4 mm in height, intended to accommodate the recording sheet (21) of A4 format with its pressing cover (16) partially included in this recess.

Thus, the matte plate (15) serves: a) as a basis for placing on it a printed sheet (21) with working material; b) for uniform dispersion of the light flux from the LEDs (4, 5, 6, 7) during classes with the device.

A pressing cover (16) made of transparent plastic with a thickness of 4-6 mm is movably fixed to the upper part of the wide side of the matte plate (15) by means of a hinge joint (17), which is designed for uniform pressing and fixing by means of magnetic locks (not shown in the figures) located on the matte plate (15) of the printing sheet (21). On one side of the pressure cover (16), a handle protrusion (18) is rigidly fixed for lifting the pressure cover (16) during classes with the device when laying and removing printed sheets from the device (21)

The dimensions of the pressing cover (16) are similar to the size of the internal space of the housing (1) of the device.

On the wide side of the housing (1) of the device (see Fig. 1), the control panel (8) is rigidly fixed, the dimensions of which are determined based on the dimensions of the device elements installed inside it and mounted on its upper surface.

The following elements are mounted in the upper surface of the control panel (8):

a) On / off switch (9) of the device’s power supply, designed to turn on the device before starting the activity and turning off the device after the end of work.

b) The switch (10) color combinations, designed to turn on one of the LEDs (4, 5, 6, 7) of each cell (3), upon presentation of the patient tasks. Pressing the button of the switch (10) of the color combinations causes each cell (2) to be highlighted with one randomly selected color: red, yellow, green or blue (see Figs. 3 and 4). Pressing the color combination switch (10) again leads to the formation of a new random combination of the turned on LEDs (4, 5, 6, 7) and each cell (2) is highlighted with a different color, etc.

c) four brightness controllers (11, 12, 13, 14) each of which controls the brightness of the LEDs (4, 5, 6, 7) of a certain color, allowing to ensure the optimal mode for the patient’s visual sphere during classes with the device.

On the control panel (8), under each brightness control (11-14), the name of the color of the group of LEDs (4, 5, 6, 7) is marked, the brightness of which is regulated by each of the brightness controls (11-14).

Inside the control panel (8) (see Fig. 5), a battery (19) is provided for supplying power to the device, which is electrically connected through the on / off switch (9) of the device to the device control unit (20) located inside the control panel (8), which is electrically connected to a color combination switch (10) and four brightness controls (11, 12, 13, 14), each of which is electrically connected to a group of LEDs (4, 5, 6, 7) of a certain color, located in the cells (3) of the housing ( 1) devices.

The battery (19) is electrically connected to the connector located on the control panel (8) of the device (not shown in the figures) for connecting the charger.

The printed sheets (21) used in the process of working with the device contain on the front side (see Fig. 6) the letters of the words (22) made on a light background with a black outline indicating the names of the colors: "red", "yellow", "green", " blue". The reverse side of the printed sheets (21) is made in dark color (see Fig. 7) except for the areas where the letters of the words (22) are located on the front side of the printed sheet (21).

In the process of training with the device, the light from the currently turned on LEDs (4, 5, 6, 7) easily penetrates through the white letters of the words (22), and is delayed by the dark background on the back of the printed sheet (21), as a result of which each word ( 22) is painted in a certain color.

To generate the required number of tasks during classes with the device, 10-15 printed sheets (21) with different sequences of words (22) are needed.

The "Simulator device for training to restore voluntary attention in patients of a neurological clinic by the method of verbal-color interference" works as follows:

Before the start of the lesson, the specialist lifts the pressing cover (16) by the handle-protrusion (18) and lay the printed sheet (21) face up on the surface of the matte plate, on which the contours of the words (22) are applied, I mean different colors.

Next, the specialist turns on the device through the on / off switch (9), so that the electric power from the battery (19) is supplied to the device control unit (20), which ensures that one of the LEDs (4, 5, 6, 7) of each of cells (3), and as a result, the contours of words (22) located on the printed sheet (21) begin to be highlighted in different colors.

If a group of LEDs (4, 5, 6, 7) of any color illuminates the contours of the word (22) too dim or too bright, the specialist changes the brightness of the backlight of this group of LEDs using the brightness controls (11, 12, 13, 14).

After that, the patient is offered a task consisting in reading aloud a group of words (22), indicating colors, regardless of what color they are highlighted. Next, the patient is given the task of naming the colors that painted the contours of the words (22), indicating colors, etc.

The degree of difficulty of the task is determined by the number of words (22) that the patient first reads and the number of words (22) the color of which he then calls.

The most difficult task is when the patient sequentially reads the first word aloud and names the color of the next word.

The formation of a new task is carried out by a specialist in the following ways:

a) by means of a switch (10) of color combinations, which enables the inclusion of other LEDs illuminating the words (21) with different colors on the printed sheet (21) installed in the device;

b) by changing the printed sheet (21) installed in the device. After the lesson, a specialist disconnects the device from power

switch / switch (9), lifts the clamping cover (16) by the handle-protrusion (18) and removes the printed sheet (21) from the device.

Due to the difficulty of completing tasks for patients in a neurological clinic with impaired attention, the total time spent on the device in the initial stages of rehabilitation training should not exceed more than five minutes.

Along with the use of the proposed device for classes to restore voluntary attention in patients with a neurological clinic, it can also be successfully used for classes to train mental functions in healthy people.

This is due to the fact that due to the multidimensionality of the “Stroop Effect”, its scope is quite extensive. At the moment, a number of tests and simulators have been created on its basis, the goals of which are also diverse. As a simulator, the effect is actively used to develop cognitive mobility. Thus, the student learns to quickly switch from one function to another, alternately involving different parts of the brain: this increases its adaptability and ensures more successful performance of diverse tasks (PsiKompas your compass in the world of psychology. Elena Plyakina. The Stroop effect, found on March 10, 2017. on the Internet at the address http: //psikompas.rf/articles/Strupa effect/).

Thus, the proposed "Device simulator for training to restore voluntary attention in patients of a neurological clinic using the verbal-color interference method" due to its structural elements allows you to create an unlimited number of exercises that provide the possibility of its use in the practice of neuropsychological rehabilitation during long-term courses to restore arbitrary attention in patients with a neurological clinic. Along with these, this device can also be used when conducting classes to train various mental processes in healthy people.

Claims (6)

1. A simulator for training to restore voluntary attention in patients of a neurological clinic by verbal-color interference, characterized in that it contains a box-shaped case made of opaque plastic, the inner space of which has dimensions 210 × 297 mm, height 20-30 mm and is divided partitions 2-4 mm thick, forming the inner frame of the case and forming 28-40 rectangular cells of the same size, each of which has four LEDs of different colors fixed: red, yellow, green and blue, while the height of the frame from the partitions inside the device’s body is determined locally, based on the height of the device’s body in such a way that a niche is formed between the upper surface of the frame from the partitions and the upper edge of the device’s body for fastening made of translucent plastic with a thickness 4-6 mm of the matte plate, while after fixing the matte plate, between its upper surface and the upper edge of the device case there should be a recess 3-4 mm high, designed to accommodate an A4-format printed sheet containing an image of word contours denoting names of various colors, and a pressing cover with a handle-protrusion made of transparent plastic with a thickness of 4-6 mm is movably fixed to the upper part of the wide side of the matte plate by means of a hinge, and on the wide side of the device’s body, the control panel is rigidly fixed, in the upper part of which are mounted: device power switch / switch, color combination switch, four e regulator brightness LEDs, and within the control panel is mounted battery, which through the ON / OFF switch electrically connected to the disposed inside the control by the control unit panel, which is electrically connected with the switch of color combinations and four controls brightness of each of which is electrically connected with a group of LEDs of a specific color. 2. The simulator device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall thickness of the housing is 5-8 mm, and the thickness of the bottom is 3-5 mm. 3. The simulator device according to claim 1, characterized in that the dimensions of the control panel are determined based on the dimensions of the elements of the device installed inside it and mounted on its upper surface. 4. The simulator device according to claim 1, characterized in that the dimensions of the pressing cover are similar to the size of the internal space of the device body. 5. The device simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that on the control panel of the device, under each dimmer is the name of the color. 6. The simulator device according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery is electrically connected to a connector for connecting the charger located on the control panel of the device.

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