RU168750U1 - The simulator for classes to restore fine motor skills in patients with a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology, and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore impaired fine motor skills in patients with a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions. A simulator has been created for training to restore fine motor skills in patients with a neurological clinic, containing a plastic case measuring 260-290 × 320-350 mm, consisting of two parts, in the upper part of which a display panel, a red LED, a speaker and a metal plate are rigidly mounted electrically with a control unit. The switch, also located in the upper part of the housing, is electrically connected to the control unit, and through the adapter to the mains. In the lower part of the housing there is a LED backlight of 20-40 LEDs and a metal plate, electrically connected also to the control unit, and metal plates in the upper and lower parts of the plastic housing are placed at their opposite ends relative to each other. A translucent plate made of plexiglas is mounted over the lower part of the housing by means of a screw connection, a plastic frame is mounted on the upper side of the lower part of the housing by means of a hinge, into which a transparent plate is inserted, and the lower side of the lower part of the housing is equipped with a protrusion handle and magnetic locks. In addition to the control unit of the simulator, a movable element made in the form of a round plate is connected via an electric cable. Created simple and

Description

This useful model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore impaired fine motor skills in patients with a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions.

Violation of fine motor skills in patients with a neurological clinic occurs due to various organic diseases of the brain and leads to difficulties in performing various everyday activities, writing, drawing, etc.

To restore impaired fine motor skills, various working materials are most often used, one of which is widely used during classes with patients at a neurological clinic, are materials used to draw lines with pencils along various paths without touching or beyond the boundaries of these trajectories.

In particular, working materials are known for training to restore impaired fine motor skills in preschool children, including a number of tasks related to drawing lines along an image representing a winding road or two along a winding maze, without touching lines marking the edges of the road or the labyrinth, and without going beyond them (Gatanova N.V., Tunina E.G. I develop fine motor skills. A manual for preparing children for school. - St. Petersburg: Publishing House "Peter", 2000, p. 21, 31, 36).

The disadvantages of these working materials when used in the practice of restorative education is the following:

1. Images of working materials are available only for single use or for use a limited number of times, in the case of using a pencil, followed by erasing of its traces with an eraser.

2. The inconvenience of assessing the quantitative parameters of the patient’s task performance: his total execution time and the number of errors made.

3. Difficulties in completing tasks associated with the need to hold a pencil in the hand, which is not accessible to all patients with impaired hand movements.

Along with working materials for the restoration of fine motor skills, based on the use of printed sheets of paper, there are special devices designed for classes to restore subtle hand movements in patients with a neurological clinic.

So it is known the device "Electrograph", designed to train coordination of movements, restore writing skills, develop a sense of position and direction by stroking the various proposed forms (Electrograph. Found 04/19/2016 on the Internet http://aconit.ru/ozdorovlenie-i-reabilitatsiya / elektrograf2111 /).

This device is a wooden base on which a metal plate with a group of different slots is installed. The patient needs to hold a metal pin in the center of the available slots, without touching the plate itself. In case of contact, the electric circuit is closed and the light and (or) sound indicator is switched on, informing about the error made.

The disadvantages of this device are: a limited number of task options (which are slits on a metal plate), narrowing the possibilities of using the device when conducting long-term recovery courses of fine motor skills, as well as the difficulty in holding a metal pin in the hand of patients with impaired finger movements.

The task to which the claimed technical solution is directed is to create a simulator for classes in restoring fine motor skills in patients of a neurological clinic, combining the positive properties of both printed working materials and devices for restoring movements, in particular: in relation to working materials on printed sheets of paper are: low cost and the ability to easily produce the required amount of a variety of working material in printed form, sufficient to carry out long-term rehabilitation courses; in terms of devices, this is reusable tasks; the ability to register quantitative parameters of the patient's tasks: the total time of the task and the number of errors made; the possibility of changing the shape of the element moved by the patient, making available the exercise for patients with impaired finger movements.

The technical result provided by the claimed utility model is the creation of a simple and multi-purpose device to use, which improves the recovery efficiency of fine motor skills in patients of a neurological clinic, which is realized due to the possibility of conducting long recovery courses, and the availability of classes for patients with impaired finger movements.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a simulator for the restoration of fine motor skills in patients of a neurological clinic was created, which contains a plastic case measuring 260-290 × 320-350 mm, consisting of two parts, in the upper part of which a display panel is rigidly mounted, a red LED , a speaker and a metal plate connected electrically to the control unit, a switch located in the upper part of the housing is electrically connected to the control unit, and through the adapter to the mains, in the lower part to The housing contains LED illumination of 20-40 LEDs and a metal plate that are also electrically connected to the control unit, the metal plates in the upper and lower parts of the plastic case located at their opposite ends relative to each other, a translucent plate is installed over the bottom of the case by screw connection, made of plexiglas, on the upper side of the lower part of the body through a swivel plastic frame is fixed, into which a transparent Astina and the lower side of the lower housing part provided with a projection-pen and magnetic locks.

In addition, in addition to the control unit of the simulator, a movable element made of a transparent material, such as plexiglass, in the form of a round plate with a diameter of 4-6 cm and a height of 0.5-1 cm is connected via an electric cable.

In this case, the plate of the movable element in its upper part is equipped with a round handle with a diameter of 3-5 cm.

And on the back side of the plate relative to its upper part there is a photosensitive region of a circular shape with a diameter of 0.5-1 cm, and along its outer perimeter there is a metal ring, which are connected to the control unit by an electric cable.

The essence of the utility model "Training simulator for the restoration of fine motor skills in patients with a neurological clinic" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the device;

In FIG. 2 shows a general view of the device with the plastic frame removed;

In FIG. 3 shows a General view of the inner part of the device;

In FIG. 4, 5 shows a general view of the simulator with various tasks applied on sheets of paper;

In FIG. 6 shows a general side view of the moving element of the simulator;

In FIG. 7 shows a General view of the moving element of the simulator from below;

In FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of the electrical connection of the elements of the simulator device.

The simulator for training to restore fine motor skills in patients with a neurological clinic (see Fig. 1-5) contains a plastic case (1) of 260-290 × 320-350 mm in size, consisting of two parts, in the upper of which there is an indicator panel (4 ), which displays information about the patient’s completion time and the number of errors made, a red LED (5), a speaker (6), signaling the patient light and sound signals of errors, and a metal plate (22). A switch (3) that allows you to disconnect the device from the power supply is also located in the upper part of the housing (1). In this case, the indicator panel (4), the red LED (5), the speaker (6) and the metal plate (22) are electrically connected to the control unit (25), and the switch (3) located in the upper part of the housing is electrically connected to the unit control (25), and through the adapter (23) - with the mains. In the lower part of the housing there is a LED backlight (2) of 20-40 LEDs and a metal plate (22), electrically connected also to the control unit (25), and the metal plates (22) in the upper and lower parts of the plastic housing (1) are placed in their opposite ends relative to each other.

A translucent plate (8) made of plexiglass is installed above the bottom of the plastic case (1) by means of a screw connection (7). On the upper side of the lower part of the plastic case (1) by means of a swivel joint (9), a plastic frame (10) is fixed, into which a transparent plate (11) is inserted, and the lower side of the lower part of the plastic case (1) is equipped with a protrusion handle (12), which allows lifting the plastic frame (10), and magnetic locks (13), which allow rigidly fixing between a translucent plate (8) and a plastic frame (10) with a transparent plate (11) a sheet of paper (A4) of A4 size, with the image on it different trajectories (15) along which m the patient must be moved coupled to the plastic housing (1) of the simulator by an electric cable (16), the movable member (17).

The movable element (17) is (see Fig. 6, 7) made of a transparent material, such as plexiglass, a round plate (18) with a diameter of 4-6 cm and a height of 0.5-1 cm, on the top of which is made from a similar transparent material, a round handle (19) with a diameter of 3-5 cm, providing the patient with the opportunity to easily work with a movable element (17).

In the lower part of the round-shaped plate (18) of the movable element (17), that is, on its reverse side from the upper part of the plate, there is a photosensitive region (21) of a circular shape with a diameter of 0.5-1 cm, which is visible through the transparent material of the moving element (17) in the form of a circular region of dark color.

A metal ring (20) is located along the outer perimeter of the lower part of the round-shaped plate (18), which, like the photosensitive region (21), is connected by an electric cable (16) to the electronic control unit (25) of the simulator.

On the surface of the lower part of the round-shaped plate (18) of the movable element (17) there are 4-6 inserts (24) of soft material 0.05-0.1 cm thick, which protect the transparent plate (11) and the lower part of the movable element (17) from scratching during the movement of the movable element (17) on the transparent plate (11), as well as these inserts provide smoothness and ease of movement of the movable element (17).

The paper sheets inserted into the device (14) contain images of various trajectories (15), the main feature of which is that the data of the trajectory along which the patient needs to move the movable element (17) are made in white and the space surrounding the paper sheet (14) ) has a darker background. When a patient moves a movable element (17) along a trajectory (15), the light flux from the backlight from the LEDs (2) located in the plastic case (1) of the simulator enters the photosensitive region (21), which records the power of the light flux.

If during the movement of the movable element (17) its photosensitive region (21) extends beyond the trajectory (15), which has a white color, and partially falls into the neighboring region, which has a darker color, the volume of the light flux incident on the photosensitive region (21) of the movable element (17), decreases, as a result of which a warning sound signal is emitted from the speaker (6), the strength of which depends on the degree to which the photosensitive region (21) of the movable element (17) goes beyond the light-colored path (15). At the same time, the red LED (5) lights up, the brightness of which also depends on the degree to which the photosensitive region (21) of the movable element (17) leaves the path of the light-colored path (15).

A metal ring (20) is located along the outer perimeter of the lower part of the round-shaped plate (18), which is designed to fix the start and end time of the movement of the movable element (17) along a given path (15).

For this purpose, two metal plates (22), electrically connected to the device’s electronic control unit inside the housing (1), are located on the plastic frame (10), the lower of which is at the beginning of the path (15) located on the paper sheet inserted into the device (14) ), and the upper one is at the end of this trajectory (15).

Before starting the task, the movable element (17) is located at the starting point of the trajectory (15) and its metal ring (20) is in contact with the lower metal plate (22), as a result of which the electric circuit is closed and the device is put into a state of readiness for the patient to start the exercise .

After the patient begins to execute the movement of the movable element (17) along the trajectory (15), the metal ring (20) comes out of contact with the lower metal plate (22), as a result of which the electric circuit opens and the countdown of the exercise starts.

After the patient completes the movement and the movable element (17) reaches the end point of the trajectory (13), the metal ring (20) comes into contact with the upper metal plate (22), which is a signal to complete the fixation of the total time of the task, which is displayed on the indicator panel (4) along with the total number of mistakes made when the path was exceeded (13).

The device is electrically powered by connecting the simulator through an adapter (23) to the electrical network.

Along with a device designed to work with sheets of paper (14) of A4 size, the same devices can be used to work with sheets of paper of A5 format.

Work with the "Simulator for classes to restore fine motor skills in patients with a neurological clinic" is carried out as follows:

Before the start of classes, the specialist selects sheets of paper (14) containing the image of trajectories (15) of a certain complexity, depending on the degree of violation of fine motor skills of the patient.

Next, the specialist, by means of a switch (3), turns on the power supply to the simulator, after which, by the protrusion handle (12), he lifts up a plastic frame (10) with a transparent plate (11) and inserts a sheet of paper (14) between the transparent plate (11) and the translucent plate (8), rigidly fixing it between the plates (11 and 18) using magnetic locks (13).

The patient needs, holding the movable element (17) in his hand by the round handle (19), draw it along the surface of the transparent plate (11), under which there is a sheet of paper (14) containing the image of the trajectory (15) so that the photosensitive area ( 21) the movable element (17) did not go beyond the limits of the trajectory (15).

The movable element (17) is mounted on the transparent plate (11) at the beginning of the trajectory (15) so that the metal ring (20) located in the lower part of the circular plate (18) comes into contact with the lower metal plate (22), located at the bottom of the plastic frame (10) of the device.

After this, the patient begins to perform the movement of the movable element (17) along the path (15), trying not to go beyond the path set by white color (15).

After the end of the movement along the trajectory (15), the metal ring (20) comes into contact with the upper metal plate (22) located on the plastic frame (10) of the device, which means the end of registration of the exercise time. Next, information on the total time of the exercise and the number of errors made appears on the indicator panel (4).

During the classes, in order to fix the dynamics of restoration of fine motor skills of the hand, the patient writes down the results of the task (execution time and the number of errors made) displayed on the indicator panel (4) in the workbook.

Next, the specialist takes up a plastic frame (10) with a transparent plate (11) behind the protrusion handle (12) and removes a sheet of paper (14) from the device, replacing it with a sheet of paper (14) with a different path (15), after which the whole the cycle of action repeats.

Gradually, as patients achieve positive results in the restoration of fine motor skills, tasks become more complicated, consisting in increasing the length, width and complexity of the trajectory (15), along which the patient moves the movable element (11). After the patient has mastered working with the device under the guidance of a specialist, he gets the opportunity to work with the device independently or under the control of relatives.

Along with classes to restore impaired fine motor skills in patients with a neurological clinic, this device can be used in several other cases:

1. To study the degree of fine motor impairment in patients of a neurological clinic during the neuropsychological diagnostic procedure.

2. For the study of fine motor skills in healthy people, for example, during professional selection, etc.

3. When working on the restoration of the process of voluntary attention in patients of a neurological clinic, since movement along a trajectory requires concentration.

4. When working with patients with unilateral visual-spatial agnosia, in which there is a loss of the left visual field and patients not only cease to see the left side of the visual field, but also do not notice their violation.

5. When conducting neurocognitive trainings with elderly people who have impaired fine motor skills or voluntary attention.

6. When conducting correctional and developmental classes with children who have impaired fine motor skills or voluntary attention.

7. For training fine motor skills and voluntary attention in healthy adults and children.

Thus, the proposed "Trainer for classes on the restoration of fine motor skills in patients with a neurological clinic" has a wide scope of practical application and can be used not only for the restoration of fine motor skills, but also when working on the restoration, correction and training of various mental processes.

Claims (3)

1. The simulator for the restoration of fine motor skills in patients with a neurological clinic, characterized in that it contains a plastic case measuring 260-290 × 320-350 mm, consisting of two parts, in the upper part of which a display panel is rigidly mounted, a red LED, a speaker and a metal plate connected electrically to the control unit, and a switch located in the upper part of the housing is electrically connected to the control unit, and through an adapter to the mains, in the lower part of the housing there is an LED a backlight of 20-40 LEDs and a metal plate that are also electrically connected to the control unit, the metal plates in the upper and lower parts of the plastic case placed at their opposite ends relative to each other, a translucent plate made of plexiglass is installed over the bottom of the case by screw connection , on the upper side of the lower part of the body by means of a hinge, a plastic frame is fixed, into which a transparent plate is inserted, and the lower side of the lower the body part is equipped with a protrusion handle and magnetic locks, while a moving element made of transparent material is connected to the simulator control unit by means of an electric cable, in the form of a round plate with a diameter of 4-6 cm and a height of 0.5-1 cm, from the back a plate relative to its upper part there is a photosensitive region of a circular shape with a diameter of 0.5-1 cm, between a translucent plate and a plastic frame with a transparent plate, a sheet of paper with a different image applied to it is rigidly fixed of the trajectories. 2. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate of the movable element in its upper part is equipped with a round handle with a diameter of 3-5 cm. 3. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that on the outer perimeter of the lower part of the round plate there is a metal ring that is designed to fix the start and end time of the movement of the movable element along a predetermined path and which is connected to the control unit via an electric cable.

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