RU169263U1 - Mini-keyboard for lessons on the restoration of visual and verbal memory in bed patients of a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “Mini-keyboard for classes on the restoration of visual and verbal memory in bed patients of a neurological clinic” relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore impaired visual and verbal memory in bed patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions. The proposed device consists of a body made of plastic ca (2) 90-120 mm long, 10-20 mm thick, which is fixed by axial connection (5) on a round base (1) with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 4-8 mm, to which the strap (10) is rigidly fixed, this case (1) includes two control blocks located at its edges (3) with four color keys (6) in each and a central block (4) with one central key (7), each of the control blocks (3) mounted in a housing niche (2), having a circular shape with a diameter of 40-50 mm and divided by partitions 3-6 mm thick into four identical in size at the compartment, in each of which colored keys are fixed (6), each of which has its own color, while on the side of the device’s body there are three radio buttons (8), on the bottom of the central unit (4) there is a latch (9) and a processor is installed inside the device’s case (2), which is electrically connected to eight colored keys (6), a central key (7), three switch buttons (8), and a cable (12). The proposed “Mini-keyboard for classes for the restoration of visual and verbal memory in bedridden patients Rheological Clinic

Description

This useful model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore impaired visual and verbal memory in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions.

Impaired visual and verbal memory occurs in patients with a neurological clinic due to organic brain lesions of various etiologies: cerebrovascular accident, atrophic diseases, tumors, etc.

For classes on the restoration of visual and verbal memory, simulators are used, which are printed sheets of paper, on one of which contains a group of images or words that the patient must remember, and on the other sheet of the simulator there is a group of more images or words, among which the patient needs to find images or words that he remembers. When working on the restoration of verbal memory, words intended for memorizing can be presented to the patient also by ear, with the subsequent finding of these words among the group of more words located on the printed sheet of the simulator.

A well-known simulator for training in the restoration of visual memory, in which the student is presented with a printed sheet of paper on which in the upper part there are images of four objects that must be remembered for 30 seconds, then close the image data with a sheet of paper and try to find the stored images among the group of eight images located at the bottom of the simulator sheet, which had previously been covered with a piece of paper (Anton Moguchy, Memory Super-simulator. A simulator book for your brain, - Moscow a: publishing house ACT, 2016, p. 33).

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to restore visual or verbal memory in bed patients of a neurological clinic are:

a) the uniformity of the actions of patients with printed tasks on paper, leading to a decrease in interest in the classes;

b) the inability to change the degree of difficulty of the tasks of this simulator;

c) insufficient volume of materials contained in this simulator for carrying out full-fledged long courses of classes with patients.

Also known is a simulator designed to work with verbal memory, in which the student is invited to listen to and remember three or four simple words, and then find and circle images corresponding to these words among a group of six or eight images located on the printed sheet of this simulator (Develop memory and attention / auth. - comp. V. Polushkina. - M: Astrel; St. Petersburg: Astrel-R17, St. Petersburg, 2011 .-- p. 8, 28).

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to restore visual or verbal memory in bed patients of a neurological clinic are:

a) the difficulty of using this simulator for conducting independent classes of patients, since words for memorization should be presented to the patient by ear;

b) insufficient volume of materials contained in this simulator for carrying out full-fledged long courses of rehabilitation education;

c) the uniformity of the actions of patients with tasks printed on paper sheets, reducing interest in the classes.

Along with the use of printing simulators, various computer simulator programs are used to restore impaired visual and verbal memory, based on the fact that the patient is presented with a group of images or words (spoken words) on the computer monitor that he must remember, after which the group is presented with the monitor , consisting of a larger number of images or words, among which the patient needs to find previously remembered images or words.

An important feature of the use of computer training programs is that they make a special contribution to the various stages of rehabilitation training.

So, at the late stages of rehabilitation training, after discharge from the clinic, the patient gets the opportunity to continue independent studies at home, and at the initial stages, computer programs can optimize the lesson process, breaking it into several short, but complete parts.

This is due to the fact that due to the increased fatigue and exhaustion of patients in the acute and subacute period of stroke, the use of computer programs allows you to make the process of occupation more sparing, by dividing it into small parts for 10-15 minutes, with significant intervals between them for rest the patient.

To date, the computer program simulator "Neurorehabilitation 2004" is known, designed for classes to restore impaired mental functions, including visual and verbal memory (Selyavko L.E., Tsvetkova L.S., Computer technology in rehabilitation education // Bulletin of Moscow University.Series 14: Psychology. - 2006. - No. 2. - pp. 71-78).

In the course of work with this computer simulator program, the patient is presented with a computer monitor for several seconds with an image of an object or object that he must remember, after which several images are presented on the monitor, among which the patient must find the image presented to him earlier. Along with images of objects and objects, the words denoting them can be used in working with the patient.

Patients work with this or similar computer simulator programs in most cases either through a standard computer mouse or computer keyboard.

The disadvantages of this method of working with computer training programs during classes to restore visual and verbal memory in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic is that, due to their lying position, this category of patients is practically inaccessible to use a computer mouse, and especially a standard computer keyboard for its dimensions, weight and a large number of keys not used during classes.

The keyboard panel RehaCom is known from the prior art for computer training of brain functions in patients with disorders of various mental processes (RehaComCustomPanel, ProductsPage, found December 20, 2016 on the Internet at http://www.rehacom.co.uk / shop / rehacom-custom-panel).

This keyboard consists of a body on which control keys increased in size are located: four large white keys in the center, two smaller green, yellow and red paired keys at the edges of the body and twelve even smaller keys located on the side farthest from the patient corps. The dimensions of the RehaCom keyboard are similar to the size of a standard keyboard, and its control keys are adapted to work with the RehaCom computer program designed for this keyboard.

The disadvantages of this keyboard when used during classes to restore impaired visual and verbal memory in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic are

a) the significant size of this keyboard, which is difficult to hold in the hands of a bedridden patient;

b) the presence of a significant number of different control keys that complicate the development of this keyboard for patients with impaired memory;

c) the ability to use only with the supplied RehaCom computer program.

The closest to the claimed technical solution is a four-button keyboard "Kee4 Keyboard" (Kee4 Keyboard - four-button keyboard, Technology News, published November 19, 2010, found December 20, 2016 on the Internet at http://techvesti.ru/node/3338).

The “Kee4 Keyboard” keyboard case has a reduced size and consists of four keys arranged in a row, with which you can type all the letters, numbers and characters available on a standard keyboard. This is possible through a combination of key combinations, the order in which they are pressed and released.

The disadvantages of this keyboard when it is used during classes to restore visual and verbal memory in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic are:

a) insufficient number of keys to work with a computer program to restore impaired visual and verbal memory;

b) the need to hold the keyboard with the fingers of the hand, pressing the keys, which may be difficult for patients in a neurological clinic with impaired motor functions of the hands;

c) the difficulty of correlating for a patient the images presented on a computer monitor with the keyboard keys that must be pressed in order to perform one or another action with this image.

In order to overcome existing shortcomings, a “Mini-keyboard for lessons on the restoration of visual and verbal memory in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic” (hereinafter referred to as “mini-keyboard”) was developed.

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) providing the possibility of easy correlation of the images presented on the computer monitor with the keys of the “mini-keyboard”, which must be pressed in order to perform any actions with these images;

b) providing easy and convenient work with the “mini-keyboard" for patients in a supine position;

c) providing the possibility of easy development of work with the “mini-keyboard" for patients with impaired visual and verbal memory;

d) the accessibility of working with the keyboard to patients with impaired movements of one of the hands;

e) providing the possibility of conducting long courses of independent studies to restore visual and verbal memory.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the ease and simplicity of working with the keyboard during classes to restore visual and verbal memory in bed patients of a neurological clinic due to the rationally selected size of the keyboard itself, control keys and the possibility of their convenient placement provided by constructive elements of “mini keyboards. "

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the device contains a plastic housing 90-120 mm long, 10-20 mm thick, which is movably fixed by axial connection to a circular base with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 4-8 mm, to which it is rigidly fixed a strap, while the case includes a central unit with one central key and two control units located at its edges, each of which is mounted in a niche of the case, having a circular shape with a diameter of 40-50 mm and separated by thickness partitions 3-6 mm in four equally sized compartments, each of which has colored keys with different colors, three buttons are placed on the side of the device’s body, a latch is placed on the bottom of the central unit, and a device is installed inside the device a processor that is electrically connected to eight color keys, a central key and three toggle buttons.

In a preferred embodiment, each key and each switch button has metal contacts, the closure of which forms a signal supplied to the device processor.

In a preferred embodiment, the leftmost switch button is located above the left control unit of the housing.

In a preferred embodiment, the middle switch button is located above the central unit of the housing.

In a preferred embodiment, the rightmost switch button is located above the right control unit of the housing.

In a preferred embodiment, the latch is a spring-ball device that allows you to lock the device in two positions relative to the base.

In a preferred embodiment, the strap is made of flexible plastic or fabric material, and Velcro tapes are attached at its ends.

In a preferred embodiment, the device processor is connected to the system unit of the computer via a cable with a USB connector.

The essence of the utility model "Mini-keyboard for classes on the restoration of visual and verbal memory in bed patients of a neurological clinic" is illustrated by drawings, where

in FIG. 1 - general view of the "mini-keyboard";

in FIG. 2 is a side view of the “mini-keyboard” from the side of the switch buttons (the strap is conventionally not shown);

in FIG. 3 - the position of the "mini-keyboard" on the patient's hand during classes to restore visual memory;

in FIG. 4 - the position of the "mini-keyboard" on the patient's hand during classes to restore verbal memory;

in FIG. Figures 5-7 show examples of computer program interfaces with images and words intended for use with a “mini-keyboard."

The “mini-keyboard" (see Fig. 1 and 2) consists of a round base made of plastic (1) with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 4-8 mm, on which a plastic case made of plastic (2) is movably fixed through an axial connection (5) ) 90-120 mm long, 10-20 mm thick, which includes two control blocks located at its edges (3) with four color keys (6) in each and a central block (4) with one central key (7).

Each of the control units (3) is mounted in a niche of the housing (2), which has a circular shape with a diameter of 40-50 mm and is divided by partitions 3-6 mm thick into four equally sized compartments, in each of which colored keys are fixed (6).

So, for example, in the left control unit (3) there are red, yellow, green and blue keys, and in the right control unit (3) - purple, orange, brown and blue keys.

The central unit (4) located between the control units (3) in the center of the housing (2) contains a central key (7) having a color different from the color of the eight colored keys (6), a toggle button (8) and a latch (9).

On the side of the casing (see Fig. 1 and 2) of the “mini-keyboard" there are three equally sized switch buttons (8) that perform the following functions:

a) the leftmost switch button (8), located above the left control unit (3), performs the function of scrolling backward, allowing the patient, if necessary, to return to any previous task and perform it again;

b) the far right switch button (8), located above the right control unit (3), performs the function of scrolling forward, allowing the patient, in case of problems with the performance of any task, to proceed immediately to the next task;

c) the middle switch button (8) located above the central unit (4) performs the function of the “Sleep” keyboard key, pressing it temporarily shuts down the computer, turning it into a “sleeping” state, which is relevant in the case when the patient is tired and wants to postpone the task for a while.

The location of the switch buttons (8) on the side of the body (2) of the “mini-keyboard" in a plane perpendicular to the location of the keys (6 and 7) prevents the switch buttons (8) from being accidentally pressed by patients during work with the device.

A latch (9) is placed on the lower part of the central unit (4), which allows fixing the “mini-keyboard” case (2) in two positions relative to the base (1) fixed to the patient’s hand:

a) in the first position (see Fig. 3), when the body (2) of the device is located in a position parallel to the patient’s hand, which is used in classes to restore visual memory;

b) in the second position (see Fig. 4), when the body (2) of the device is rotated 90 degrees and is perpendicular to the patient’s hand, which is used in exercises to restore verbal memory.

Structurally, the latch (9) can be, for example, a spring-ball device (not shown in the figures). Thus, to rotate the casing (2) of the “mini-keyboard” relative to the base (1), a small effort is sufficient.

To fasten the “mini-keyboard” on the patient’s hand to the base (1) of the device, a strap (10) is rigidly fixed, which is fixed to the wrist by, for example, Velcro tape (11) located at the ends of the strap (10).

The strap (10) may be made of flexible plastic or fabric material.

Inside the case (2) of the “mini-keyboard” there is a keyboard processor (not shown in the figures), which is electrically connected to eight colored keys (6), a central key (7), three switch buttons (8), and a cable (12 )

Each key (6 and 7) and each switch button (8) have metal contacts (not shown in the figures), the closure of which forms a signal that enters the device’s processor, and then to the system unit of the computer with which the “mini-keyboard” connected by cable (12), via the USB connector (13).

Connecting a “mini-keyboard" to the system unit of a computer can be done via cable or wirelessly.

The proposed "mini-keyboard" is designed to work with computer programs for the restoration of visual and verbal memory (see Fig. 5-7), the interface of which (after presentation of visual or verbal material for memorizing by patients) is subject or subject located in eight parts of the monitor pictures (15) or words (16), phrases and phrases separated by dividing lines (17), and in the central part between dividing lines (17) are images (14) of two control units (3) with colored keys (6) of different colors.

Work with the device "Mini-keyboard for tasks to restore visual and verbal memory in bed patients of a neurological clinic" is as follows:

Before starting the lesson of restoring visual and verbal memory, the specialist puts on the “mini-keyboard” on the patient’s left hand (or hand with impaired movement, so that the patient can press the keys (6 and 7) and the switch buttons (8) with his healthy hand) (see Fig. 3), fixing it with a strap (10) with Velcro tape (11). At the same time, the body (2) of the “mini-keyboard” can be located both on the outside and on the back of the hand.

Next, the specialist connects the “mini-keyboard” to the computer’s system unit via a cable (12) with a USB connector (13) and, using the computer mouse connected to the system unit, installs the “mini-keyboard” driver on the computer - a program that ensures its interaction with computer operating system.

Also, external speakers are connected to the system unit of the computer, providing the ability to present sound information to the patient.

The computer monitor is installed in such a way that the patient, being in a comfortable lying position, can clearly see the images presented on the monitor. Along with computer monitors, various types of modern TVs can be used in working with the “mini-keyboard”, which can be connected to the system unit of the computer as monitors.

The proposed "mini-keyboard" can be used for classes to restore I. impaired visual memory; II. impaired verbal memory.

I. If the lesson is aimed at restoring impaired visual memory, the body (2) of the “mini-keyboard” (see Fig. 3) is located along the patient’s arm. The specialist, using a computer mouse, launches a computer program designed to restore visual memory, which provides sequential or simultaneous presentation on the monitor from 1 to 6 subject or subject pictures that the patient should try to remember.

Next, the patient is presented with a computer monitor (see Fig. 5) a group of eight subject or plot pictures (15), among which he must find the pictures that were presented to him for memorizing earlier.

At the same time, images (14) of two control units (3) with color keys (6) are projected in the central part of the monitor (on a conditional horizontal line passing through its center), due to which each of the subject or subject pictures (15) located on the monitor are connected with a specific color corresponding to a specific color key (6).

The patient needs to remember the previously memorized pictures and sequentially press the corresponding colored keys (6) of the “mini-keyboard” located on his arm. As a result of the patient pressing the color key (6), which corresponds to the picture he remembered earlier, this subject or plot picture (15) disappears from the monitor. If the patient presses a colored key (6), which does not correspond to any of the previously memorized images, the patient is informed about this by a sound signal or any error message that appears on the monitor, for example, the inscription “You made a mistake”.

If, during the course of the assignment, the patient needs to re-view the images presented to him earlier in order to memorize the pictures, he presses the central key (7), which makes it possible to re-present them.

II. If work is carried out on the restoration of impaired verbal memory, the position of the “mini-keyboard” on the patient’s arm changes (see Fig. 4) by turning its body (2) relative to the base (1) by an angle of 90 degrees. Fixing the casing (2) of the “mini-keyboard" in the new position is carried out by the latch (9).

Then, with the help of a computer mouse, a computer program is launched, designed for classes in the restoration of verbal memory, which provides a consistent presentation to the patient by ear of a group of 2 to 6 words, phrases or phrases that the patient should try to remember. Along with the presentation of words, phrases or phrases in voiced form, they can be presented to the patient in text form on a computer monitor.

After that, a group of eight words (16), phrases or phrases is presented on the computer’s monitor (see Fig. 6), among which the patient must find the words, phrases or phrases presented to him earlier to remember.

At the same time, in the central part of the computer monitor (on a conventional vertical line passing through the center of the monitor) there are images (14) of two control units (3) with colored keys {6), due to which each of the eight words located on the monitor (16), phrases or phrases associated with a specific color corresponding to a specific color key (6).

The patient needs to remember the words, phrases or phrases that he remembered earlier and press successively the colored keys (6) of the “mini-keyboard” worn on his hand.

As a result of pressing the patient a colored key (6), which corresponds to a previously remembered word, phrase or phrase, this word (16), the phrase or phrase disappears from the monitor, which indicates the correct choice of the patient.

If the patient presses one of the colored keys (6), which does not correspond to any of the words, phrases or phrases previously remembered by the patient, the patient is informed of this by a sound signal or an error message appearing on the monitor.

If the patient during the execution of the task there is a need to re-listen to words, phrases or phrases, he presses the center key (7), which provides the opportunity to re-listen.

To facilitate the development of the patient working with the "mini-keyboard", the specialist in the first lesson performs several actions in conjunction with the patient, after which the patient begins to engage on their own.

During the lessons, the specialist also teaches the patient how to use three buttons-switches (8). So, two switch buttons (8) located above the control units (3) are designed to scroll forward and backward the tasks generated by the computer program, and a switch button (8) located above the central unit (4) - to transfer the computer to “ sleep "mode, in the case when the patient needs rest.

At the end of the lesson, the specialist removes the “mini-keyboard” from the patient’s hand, closes the computer program in use with a computer mouse and turns off the computer.

The complexity of the tasks offered to the patient depends on:

a) from the number (from 1 to 6) presented to the patient for memorizing stimuli: subject or subject pictures, words, phrases or phrases;

b) from the time (from 1 to 5 s) during which these stimuli are presented to the patient for memorization;

c) on the number of incentives from which the patient must choose the ones he remembers earlier. The maximum number of simultaneously presented stimuli is eight. However, in the case of gross violations of memory, the “mini-keyboard" allows you to work with four incentives. In this case, the patient’s work is carried out with one control unit (3), the image (14) of which is projected in the center of the computer monitor (see Fig. 7) when patients select memorized stimuli.

After mastering the work using the “mini-keyboard” under the guidance of a specialist, the patient proceeds to independent studies, the general supervision of which is carried out by the specialist, and direct monitoring and assistance to the patient in performing the necessary actions to start working with the computer is performed by the paramedical staff.

Thus, the proposed device improves the efficiency of the process of restoring impaired visual and verbal memory in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic by making it possible to use computer technologies at the initial stage of restorative training, allowing the process of occupations to be more sparing by dividing the tedious classes for the patient into several short ones.

Along with classes to restore impaired visual and verbal memory in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic, the “mini-keyboard" can also be used for classes to restore a number of other mental processes in bedridden patients:

a) for classes on the restoration of the disturbed reading process in patients with various forms of alexia (efferent motor, afferent motor, sensory, optical). In this case, the word (phrase, short phrase) is presented in the central part of the monitor without time limits, and in the eight side parts of the monitor associated with the mini-keyboard, images are presented, one of which corresponds to the presented word (phrase, short phrase).

b) for classes on the restoration of impaired counting operations in patients with primary acalculia. In this case, an arithmetic operation with two numbers is presented in the central part of the monitor, and answers are presented in eight lateral parts of the monitor.

c) for classes to restore impaired visual perception in patients with visual-object agnosia. In this case, a word is presented in the central part of the monitor, and subject images are presented in eight lateral parts of the monitor in a form complicated for visual perception (crossed out, underdone, etc.).

Thus, the “Mini-keyboard for the restoration of visual and verbal memory in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic” helps to increase the efficiency of the process of restoring impaired memory in the early stages of rehabilitation training, and also allows you to work on restoring a number of other mental functions in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic. All this is ensured by the possibility of easy and simple work with the “mini-keyboard” due to the rationally selected size of its body, control keys and the possibility of their convenient placement provided by the constructive elements of the “mini-keyboard”.

Claims (9)

1. Mini-keyboard for classes on the restoration of visual and verbal memory in bed patients of a neurological clinic, comprising a case with control keys, characterized in that the case is made of plastic, the length of 90-120 mm, a thickness of 10-20 mm is movably fixed by axial connection to a round base with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 4-8 mm, to which the strap is rigidly fixed, while the case includes a central unit with one central key and two control units located at its edges, each of which is it is niche in a housing niche having a circular shape with a diameter of 40-50 mm and divided by partitions of 3-6 mm thick into four equally sized compartments, each of which has colored keys with different colors, three buttons are placed on the side of the device -switch, a latch is placed on the bottom of the central unit, and a processor is installed inside the device that is electrically connected to eight colored keys, a central key and three switch buttons. 2. The mini-keyboard according to claim 1, characterized in that each key and each switch button has metal contacts, the closure of which forms a signal entering the device’s processor. 3. The mini-keyboard according to claim 1, characterized in that the leftmost switch button is located above the left control unit of the housing. 4. The mini-keyboard according to claim 1, characterized in that the middle button-switch is located above the Central block of the housing. 5. The mini-keyboard according to claim 1, characterized in that the rightmost switch button is located above the right control unit of the housing. 6. The mini-keyboard according to claim 1, characterized in that the latch is a spring-ball device that allows you to lock the device in two positions relative to the base. 7. The mini-keyboard according to claim 1, characterized in that the strap is made of flexible plastic or fabric material, and Velcro tapes are fixed at its ends. 8. The mini-keyboard according to claim 1, characterized in that the processor of the device is connected to the system unit of the computer via a cable with a USB connector. 9. The mini-keyboard according to claim 1, characterized in that the processor of the device is connected to the system unit of the computer via wireless communication.

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