RU192282U1 - Circle simulator for group classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in the ring sectors and their connections - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “Circle simulator for group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in the ring sectors and their connections” relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics in group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic with organic pores brain of various etiologies. A useful model contains a round base (1) made of plastic, with a handle (2) on its end surface, and a round central depression (3) made around the center of the front and back sides of the base (1), around which an annular part is located in which the recess cells (4) are identical in shape and size, having the shape of annular sectors, with the spatial arrangement on both sides of the base (1) of the recess cells (4) and the central recess (3) It’s similar, and they have the same depth, and the mark (5) is applied to the front side of the base (1). Thus, the “circle simulator” due to its structural elements provides the possibility of conducting group exercises to restore and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in the ring sectors and their relationships with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of hands, without the use of additional elements of type p bochih kartochek.Zayavlenny "simulator circle" contributes to the process of recovery studies with patients novelty item, making them interesting and attractive for patients psychological trening.Blagodarya simplicity of design and ease of use "simulator circle" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

Of great importance for the effectiveness of rehabilitation education are the forms of its organization, which are used during classes with patients at a neurological clinic who have disorders of various mental functions.

Methods and forms of organization of restorative education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for maximizing the use of all human capabilities and abilities, using the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow psychological -Social Institute of Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, p. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of rehabilitation education, which is based on the use of the social environment and other social factors, is the group form of classes, which helps to increase the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental functions, expanding and complementing individual lessons with a specialist and independent studies of patients while they are in a neurological clinic .

Group lessons allow you to realize primarily the activity of communication and impact on the patient’s personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 9).

According to Marvin Shaw, a specialist in group dynamics, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (Myers D. Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997).

The use of the group form of classes helps to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation training when working on the restoration of various types of memory in patients with a neurological clinic, including visuospatial memory.

Like other types of human memory, visual-spatial memory is impaired in organic brain lesions caused by various neurological diseases.

Currently, various devices and simulators are used for classes to restore impaired visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic.

So, from the existing level of technology it is known "Device simulator for the formation of tasks during classes to restore visual and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic" (Patent RU 169473 U1 of 03/21/2017).

Structurally, this device consists of a plastic casing, the inner space of which is divided into cells in each of which four LEDs of different colors are located, and in the upper part of the casing there is a working plate under which there is an internal cavity into which work cards containing various images are placed (geometric figures , multidirectional arrows) made in white on a dark background. Images hidden from the patient become visible on the working plate after they are randomly illuminated by LEDs of different colors. The patient needs to remember the location and color of each image, and after turning off the LEDs, designate them with a marker on the surface of the working plate from memory.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used during group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by the method of storing images in the ring sectors and their relationships are:

a) this device is not intended for use during group lessons to restore visual-spatial memory;

b) this device does not provide the possibility of forming links between images;

c) the need to use additional elements in the form of work cards containing tasks for memorization;

d) the structural complexity of this device, which includes various electronic components: LEDs, switches, battery, etc.

Also, the printing simulator is known ”Methodical manual“ Memory simulator for group exercises with neurological patients by the method of storing images in the sectors of the circle ”” (patent RU 111785 from 01.11.2018).

This printing simulator includes laminated worksheets containing circles divided into sectors into which one of the patients enters various images and connects them by drawing connecting lines. After this, another patient for a certain time remembers the image data and the connecting lines connecting them, after which it reproduces them from memory on another worksheet.

The disadvantages of this printing simulator when using it during group classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by the method of storing images in ring sectors and their connections are:

a) the need for a solid horizontal surface for classes;

b) the difficulty of entering images in sectors located on laminated worksheets for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the device “A simulator plate for classes in restoring visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic” is known (Patent RU 183174 U1, published September 12, 2018).

Structurally, this device is a plastic plate, in the bottom of which a round-shaped recess cell is made, around which recess cells having the shape of ring sectors are located.

During classes with this device, work cards are used with the image of similar cells, some of which are highlighted. The patient needs to remember the color and location of the selected cells and, from memory, write with a marker letters that indicate the colors of the selected cells into the same cell-recesses of the device.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used during group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by the method of storing images in the ring sectors and their relationships are:

a) this device is not intended for use during group classes;

b) the need to use additional elements in the form of work cards containing tasks for memorization.

In order to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings, the “Circle simulator for group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by the method of storing images in the ring sectors and their connections” was developed (hereinafter referred to as the “simulator circle”).

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) providing the possibility of conducting group exercises to restore visual and spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic by storing images in the ring sectors and their connections;

b) ensuring the possibility of conducting group exercises aimed at the preventive training of the visual-spatial memory of patients in whom memory impairment is manifested to a small extent at a given time;

c) the absence of the need to use additional elements in the form of work cards due to the fact that the formation of tasks is carried out directly by the patients themselves by inscribing images into cells and connecting them with connecting lines;

d) providing the possibility of conducting classes for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor due to the fact that the cells are made in the form of recesses that do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

d) providing the possibility of forming links between images in cells by drawing connecting lines with a water marker;

e) the simplicity of the design of the "simulator-circle", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the functionality of the "simulator plates for classes in the restoration of visual and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic," provided by the structural elements of the claimed "simulator circle", allowing for group exercises to restore and preventive training in visual spatial memory by the method of storing images in the ring sectors and their relationships with a wide group of patients with neurological th clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the availability of hand tremor, without the use of additional elements such as job cards.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the "simulator-circle" contains a round base made of plastic, on the end surface of which a handle is made, and in the center of the front and back sides of the base there is a circular central recess around which an annular part is located, in which made in the form and size of the cell-recesses, having the form of ring sectors, the spatial arrangement on both sides of the base of the cell-recesses and the central recess identically and they have the same depth, and the front of the base is marked.

In the preferred embodiment of the "simulator-circle" the number of cells-recesses is 4-16 pieces.

In a preferred embodiment of the “circle simulator”, the mark is made in the form of a circle.

In a preferred embodiment of the “simulator-circle”, the cell-recesses and the central recesses are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

The essence of the utility model "Circle simulator for group classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in the ring sectors and their connections" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - general view of the "simulator-circle";

In FIG. 2 - view of the "simulator-circle" from the side of the handle.

The inventive "simulator-circle" is (see Fig. 1, 2) made of plastic base (1) of a round shape, on the end surface of which a hollow handle (2) is made, and in the center of the front and back sides of the base (1), a circular central recess (3) is made, around which an annular part is located, in which recess cells (4) are made, having the form of annular sectors, which are intended to fit various images into them, and the central recess is intended for drawing connecting lines, connecting -cell constituents recess (4) with the images in the training process.

The dimensions of this particular “circle simulator” indicated below are not signs narrowing the scope of legal protection, since they can change during its creation.

The outer diameter of the base (1) of the "simulator-circle" is 100-150 mm, and its thickness is 4-8 mm.

The handle (2) has a conical shape with a length of 80-100 mm, with a diameter at the end of 20-25 mm and a wall thickness of 2-3 mm.

The central recess (3), made in the center of the front and back sides of the base (1), has a circle shape with a diameter of 50-70 mm, around which there is an annular part, in which the cell-recesses (4) are identical in shape and size, the number of which may be 4-16 pieces.

The recess cells (4) are separated from the central recess (3) and from the outer edge of the base (1) by annular bridges of the same width of 2-4 mm.

The adjacent cell-recesses (4) are separated from each other by radial bridges of the same width of 2-4 mm.

Cell-recesses (4) and central recesses (3) have the same depth of 1-2 mm, and their spatial location on the front and back sides of the base (1) is the same.

The size of the recess cell (4) depends on the outer diameter of the base (1), the diameter of the central recess (3), the number of recess cells (4) on the surface of the base (1), and the width of the annular and radial bridges.

Thus, the design features of the cells-recesses (4) and central recesses (3), which are made below the front and back surfaces of the base (1) facilitate the process of entering various images and drawing connecting lines for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremors. At the same time, the small depth of the cell-recesses (4) and the central recesses (3) does not prevent the removal of images and connecting lines inscribed in them with a water marker, using a sponge designed to erase water markers.

For the convenience of practicing patients with a “circle simulator”, a mark (5) is applied (for example, with paint) to the front side of the base (1) in the area of the central recess (3), which can be made, for example, in the form of a circle.

For better perception by patients of the cells-recesses (4) and the central recess (3), they are highlighted with a color (for example, paint) that differs from the color of the base (1) of the “circle simulator”.

Work with the "Circle simulator for group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by the method of storing images in the ring sectors and their connections" is as follows.

Before starting classes, the specialist forms a group of two patients with approximately the same degree of visual and spatial memory impairment.

In this case, one of the patients is appointed by the specialist forming the task, and the other patient is performing the task.

Further, the patient, forming the task, holding the “simulator-circle” by the handle (2), writes various images in the form of symbols (letters, numbers) into the cell-recesses (4) of the front side of the base (1) with a water marker, the total number of which is set specialist.

Along with inscribing the images in the cell-recesses (4), the patient forming the task connects some of the cell-recesses (4) with the images by drawing connecting lines on the central recess (3).

After that, the “simulator-circle” is transferred to the patient performing the task, who, holding it by the handle (2), during the time interval specified by the specialist (from 20 seconds or more) remembers the front side (1) written out in the cell-recesses (4) ) images and connecting lines connecting them. .

Then the patient performing the task turns the “simulator circle” with the face of the base (1) down, after which he tries to reproduce from memory the images he remembered and the connecting lines connecting them, inscribing them in the cell-recesses (4) and the central recess (3) the back of the base (1).

In the event of difficulties, the patient performing the task can briefly turn the "simulator-circle", thus receiving a hint.

Verification of the correctness of the assignment is carried out by directly comparing the images inscribed in the cell-recesses (4) of the front and back sides of the base (1) and connecting the connecting lines connecting them due to one or more rotations of the “circle simulator” held by the handle (2).

Further, all inscribed images and connecting lines from the connecting lines are removed with a sponge to erase water markers, the patient forming the task, and the patient performing the task change roles and the entire sequence of actions is repeated a number of times specified by the specialist.

Along with the method described above, group exercises can be carried out by another method, based on the simultaneous use of two “circle simulators”.

In this case, each patient holding the used “simulator-circle” by the handle (2), inscribes the images and connecting connecting lines into the cell-recesses (4) and the central recess (3) of the front side of the base (1), after which both patients, within the time specified by a specialist (from 20 seconds or more), remember images inscribed by each other and connecting connecting lines.

Further, each of the patients tries to reproduce from memory the connecting lines memorized from the image and connecting them by inserting them into the cell-recesses (4) and the central recess (3) of the back side of the base (1) of the used “circle simulator”.

Verification of the correctness of the tasks is carried out by alternately comparing images and connecting connecting lines on the front side of the "simulator-circle" of one patient and the reverse side of the "simulator-circle" of another patient.

After mastering the work with the "simulator-circle" under the guidance of a specialist, patients get the opportunity to conduct independent group exercises with him.

As patients achieve positive results in the restoration of visual-spatial memory, a gradual complication of tasks occurs by:

a) increasing the number of images entered by patients in the cell-recesses (4) of the front side of the base (1);

b) increasing the number of connecting lines connecting the cell-recesses (4) with the images inscribed in them;

c) reducing the time during which images are stored in recess cells (4) and connecting lines connecting them.

Along with classes in the restoration of visual-spatial memory, the "simulator-circle" is also intended for use during classes in the preventive training of visual-spatial memory, the main difference of which is a larger number of stored images and connecting connecting lines, as well as a shorter time interval to remember them.

In addition, the "simulator-circle" can be effectively used in several other cases:

a) when conducting correctional and developing classes with children with impaired formation of visual-spatial memory;

b) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

c) as a developmental game aimed at developing and training visual-spatial memory in healthy children.

d) as a memory simulator for healthy people who want to improve visual-spatial memory.

Thus, the “Circle simulator for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in the ring sectors and their connections” due to its structural elements provides the possibility of conducting group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by the method of memorization images in the ring sectors and their relationships with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with minor motor skills and the presence of hand tremor, without the use of additional elements such as work cards.

The claimed “circle simulator” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into interesting and attractive psychological training for patients. Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the simulator-circle can be widely used in clinical practice.

Claims (4)

1. Circle simulator for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in the ring sectors and their connections, characterized in that it contains a circular base made of plastic, on the end surface of which a handle is made, and in the center of the front and on the back of the base there is a circular central recess, around which an annular part is located, in which the recess cells of the same shape and size are made having in the ring sectors, wherein the spatial arrangement on both sides of the base-cell depressions and the central recess identically, and they have the same depth, and the front of the base is marked. 2. The circle simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of recess cells is 4-16 pieces. 3. The circle simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the mark is made in the form of a circle. 4. The circle simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the cell-recesses and central recesses are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

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