PT2319448E - Dispositivo de depilação a laser - Google Patents

Dispositivo de depilação a laser Download PDF

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Publication number
PT2319448E
PT2319448E PT10178043T PT10178043T PT2319448E PT 2319448 E PT2319448 E PT 2319448E PT 10178043 T PT10178043 T PT 10178043T PT 10178043 T PT10178043 T PT 10178043T PT 2319448 E PT2319448 E PT 2319448E
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Prior art keywords
laser
skin
user
hair removal
base unit
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PT10178043T
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English (en)
Inventor
Daniel Sohi
Alexander Wolski
Ahmad Bitter
Tony Grant
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Dezac Group Ltd
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Application filed by Dezac Group Ltd filed Critical Dezac Group Ltd
Publication of PT2319448E publication Critical patent/PT2319448E/pt

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
    • A61B18/203—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser applying laser energy to the outside of the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00017—Electrical control of surgical instruments
    • A61B2017/00022—Sensing or detecting at the treatment site
    • A61B2017/00026—Conductivity or impedance, e.g. of tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00017—Electrical control of surgical instruments
    • A61B2017/00115—Electrical control of surgical instruments with audible or visual output
    • A61B2017/00119—Electrical control of surgical instruments with audible or visual output alarm; indicating an abnormal situation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00315—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for treatment of particular body parts
    • A61B2018/00452—Skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00315—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for treatment of particular body parts
    • A61B2018/00452—Skin
    • A61B2018/00476—Hair follicles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/06—Measuring instruments not otherwise provided for
    • A61B2090/064—Measuring instruments not otherwise provided for for measuring force, pressure or mechanical tension
    • A61B2090/065—Measuring instruments not otherwise provided for for measuring force, pressure or mechanical tension for measuring contact or contact pressure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
    • A61B2562/0257—Proximity sensors

Description

ΕΡ 2 319 448 /PT DESCRIÇÃO "Dispositivo de depilação a laser"
Este invento refere-se a dispositivos de depilação a laser e, em particular, mas não exclusivamente, aos dispositivos que se destinam a utilização doméstica.
No passado, a depilação cosmética era realizada de numerosas maneiras, incluindo o arrancamento, a electrólise e o tratamento a laser. No processo de tratamento a laser, a luz com um comprimento de onda apropriado (tipicamente de cerca de 600 nm a 900 nm) era dirigida para a pele, de tal modo que alguma da energia era absorvida pela papila do foliculo piloso, a qual era danificada pela actuação da energia, o que originava a morte do foliculo e a subsequente depilação.
Devido à complexidade destes dispositivos e às considerações de segurança inerentes à sua utilização, tradicionalmente, o tratamento de depilação a laser tem sido realizado em clinicas ou salões especializados e não em casa.
Em US 6572637 é descrita uma sonda manual de projecção de feixe laser que inclui um dispositivo laser de semicondutor, controlado por um circuito de controlo que tem um temporizador para controlar o tempo de ligação do dispositivo laser de semicondutor. Um regulador para regular o afastamento da pele pode incluir um micro interruptor para detecção do contacto com a pele.
Existe, por conseguinte, uma necessidade de um dispositivo de depilação a laser com caracteristicas de segurança incluídas, de modo que o mesmo possa ser utilizado com segurança pelo mercado doméstico.
Por conseguinte, o presente invento proporciona um dispositivo de depilação a laser para ser dirigido para a pele de um utilizador e/ou aplicado à pele de um utilizador de modo a expor folículos pilosos à radiação laser para depilação, compreendendo o referido dispositivo um corpo que aloja um laser de depilação capaz de emitir radiação com o comprimento de onda adequado para depilação, meios de controlo que incluem um temporizador para interromper a 2 ΕΡ 2 319 448 /PT operação do dispositivo após um periodo pré-estabelecido, e um sensor para determinação de, pelo menos, um contacto com a pele de um utilizador, ou a proximidade da pele de um utilizador, em que os meios de controlo são operados adicionalmente quando da expiração do periodo pré-estabelecido, para permitir a nova ligação à corrente do laser apenas depois do dispositivo ter sido removido da pele e novamente aplicado à pele.
Esta característica evita a exposição excessiva da pele, o que poderia resultar em queimaduras e força o utilizador a remover o laser da zona alvo entre as utilizações, proporcionando desse modo o tempo suficiente para a zona arrefecer e tornando também a localização de novo do dispositivo exactamente na mesma zona improvável. 0 periodo de pré-estabelecido irá depender de um certo número de factores, mas tipicamente pode ser da ordem dos 4 segundos.
As várias funções podem ser executadas por componentes montados num dispositivo tipo aplicador que contêm, pelo menos, a maioria das funcionalidades de controlo requeridas para a operação. Em alternativa, o dispositivo pode ter a forma de uma unidade de base separada, a qual contém a maioria dos circuitos de controlo com uma cabeça separada, que contém a unidade de laser e ligada à unidade de base através de uma ligação flexivel. 0 invento pode ser executado de várias maneiras e serão agora descritas, apenas a titulo de exemplo, duas concretizações do mesmo, sendo feita referência aos desenhos anexos, nos quais: a FIG. 1 é um diagrama esquemático de uma primeira concretização de um dispositivo de depilação a laser de acordo com este invento; a FIG. 2 ilustra uma segunda concretização de um dispositivo de depilação a laser de acordo com o invento; e as FIGS. 3, 4 e 5 são vistas de uma parte do dispositivo de depilação mostrado na FIG. 2.
Referindo a FIG. 1, o dispositivo de depilação 10 compreende uma unidade de base 12 e um corpo com a forma de 3 ΕΡ 2 319 448 /PT uma caneta laser 14, ligada à unidade de base por meio de um cabo retráctil 16. Nesta concretização particular, os circuitos de controlo de segurança estão contidos na unidade de base 12, embora noutras concretizações a totalidade ou parte destes circuitos possa estar contida na caneta laser 14. A caneta laser contém um laser 18, o qual produz um feixe de impulsos de radiação laser com um comprimento de onda seleccionado de modo a provocar a depilação. 0 laser 18 está disposto de modo a projectar o seu feixe ao longo de um eixo principal 20. O laser 18 está alojado no interior da caneta 14 e o feixe, ao sair do corpo principal da caneta 14 passa através de uma protecção cilíndrica 22 de material semitransparente. Adjacente ao laser 18, está disposto um díodo emissor de luz 24, concebido também para projectar um feixe de alta intensidade de luz visível não prejudicial substancialmente ao longo do mesmo eixo principal 20, que passa para baixo ao meio da manga 22. Em cada um dos lados da manga são proporcionados dois eléctrodos 26, os quais estão ligados a um circuito de controlo eléctrico, o qual detecta quando a caneta laser 14 está em contacto com a pele de uma pessoa. Isto é feito pela detecção da resistividade da superfície da pele que está em contacto com os eléctrodos 26. Deve ser notado que, quando a caneta laser 14 é pressionada contra a pele com ambos os contactos 26 em contacto com a pele, o feixe de laser emitido pelo laser 18 fica delimitado pela manga 22.
Na parte traseira da caneta está um interruptor de operação 28, cujo estado é determinado pelos circuitos de controlo na unidade base 12.
Na unidade de base existe um teclado alfanumérico 30 e um interruptor operado por chave 32 em conjunto com um mostrador 34. Em utilização, o circuito de controlo na unidade base 12 inibe a operação do laser 18 até que sejam satisfeitas certas condições. Neste exemplo particular, é necessário, em primeiro lugar, ligar a unidade, utilizando uma chave 36 no interruptor de chave 32 e, em seguida, introduzir o código PIN através do teclado 30. Quando estes passos tiverem sido efectuados, a unidade de controlo activa o LED 24, de modo a que um feixe de alta intensidade da luz visível é projectado ao longo do eixo principal 20, tanto como um aviso do eixo projectado do feixe de laser do laser 18, quando o mesmo é activado, como também para impedir que 4 ΕΡ 2 319 448 /PT os utilizadores de apontarem o mesmo para os seus próprios olhos ou os olhos de outros. Tendo passado os passos de segurança iniciais, a caneta 14 pode ser aplicada à zona da pele onde se pretende que o pêlo seja removido e o contacto com a pele (em oposição a uma superfície sem pele) é detectado pelo circuito de controlo, utilizando os eléctrodos 26. A seguir, e apenas a seguir, o laser principal 18 pode ser activado, pressionado o interruptor de operação 28.
Será, por conseguinte, apreciado que a concretização ilustrada na FIG. 1 requer que sejam ultrapassados diversos passos de segurança antes do laser poder ser operado; as verificações de segurança do primeiro nível confirmam as credenciais do utilizador (isto é, que está na posse da chave e do código correctos) e, em seguida, tem acesso à segurança física, assegurando que o dispositivo está efectivamente em contacto com a pele antes do laser ser activado.
Uma segunda concretização de um dispositivo de depilação é ilustrada nas FIGS. 2 a 5. As características comuns à primeira e à segunda concretização têm os mesmos números de referência. 0 dispositivo de depilação 110 tem uma unidade de base 112 e uma caneta laser manual 14, a qual opera de uma maneira semelhante à que opera a unidade de base e caneta 12, 14 descritas atrás. Nesta concretização a caneta 14 assenta no alojamento 112 e é mantida no lugar pelo mesmo. A unidade base tem uma alimentação de corrente 140 de adaptador de rede, que tem uma ficha de saída de baixa tensão CC 142 para encaixar e ligar à corrente a unidade de base 112. Em alternativa, ou de modo semelhante, a unidade de base 122 pode ser alimentada por baterias, as quais podem ser recarregáveis por meio do adaptador de rede.
Em operação, a unidade de base pode ser ligada pela inserção da chave 136 no interruptor de chave 132. Como uma precaução de segurança adicional, uma série predeterminada de botões no teclado 130 pode ter que ser premidos para permitir que a caneta laser 14 seja ligada à corrente. A unidade base tem um indicador de nível de potência 134, um botão de activar/reter 136, um botão cima/baixo 138 de ligação à corrente, e uma luz de aviso de caneta activada 139. A caneta 14 tem, pelo menos, as mesmas características de segurança descritas atrás. 5
ΕΡ 2 319 448 /PT
As FIGS. 3, 4 e 5 mostram vistas diferentes da cabeça da caneta 14. Na FIG. 3, são visiveis os eléctrodos 26 para fazerem contacto com a pele de um utilizador, ou ficar muito próximos da mesma de modo a activar a caneta. Se o laser for capaz de disparar, o trajecto da luz laser coerente deve passar ao longo do eixo 20. O feixe 21 de alta intensidade visivel, mas de luz não prejudicial, a qual é luz difusa, desloca-se em geral ao longo do mesmo eixo 20. O feixe difuso 21 tem uma intensidade mais pequena do que o feixe laser e é produzido quando a base 112 é ligada à corrente ou imediatamente antes da operação do laser, a fim de simular um reflexo de piscar do olho de qualquer olho no trajecto do feixe 21. A FIG. 4 mostra uma vista diferente da cabeça da caneta 14. Nesta concretização é mostrado um LED de feixe paralelo de baixa intensidade 25, o qual produz um feixe de luz estreito de baixa intensidade ao longo do eixo 20. A finalidade desta luz é apontar o laser, de modo a guiar o utilizador para o pêlo a ser depilado. Esta luz pode ser ligada e pode permanecer ligada antes do laser ser operado. Um LED intensidade mais alta 24 adicional produz o feixe de luz de alta intensidade 21 para promover o piscar e esta luz é produzida imediatamente antes de ser disparado o laser. A FIG. 5 mostra a caneta em utilização apontada, com o auxilio da luz de baixa intensidade do LED 25. Nesta posição, os eléctrodos 26 estão em contacto com a pele de um utilizador adjacente ao pêlo corporal 50. A unidade de base, uma vez activada, fornece corrente ao LED 25 apontado, para activação do laser a luz é premida, fazendo com que o LED de alta intensidade 24 ilumine e a seguir o laser produz luz durante um periodo de tempo predeterminado, com a duração suficiente para causar danos na papila do foliculo piloso no pêlo 50, mas não com duração suficiente para causar queimadura da pele. O controlo na unidade de base 112 evita o disparo do laser de novo durante um periodo suficiente para permitir o arrefecimento da pele do utilizador. O dispositivo descrito concretiza um dispositivo de depilação que utiliza um laser que gera impulsos com energia e duração suficientes para danificar papila de cada foliculo piloso no trajecto do feixe, com uma ou mais caracteristicas 6 ΕΡ 2 319 448 /PT de segurança, concebidas para prevenir a má utilização acidental do dispositivo. 0 dispositivo descrito concretiza um dispositivo de depilação a laser para ser dirigido para a pele de um utilizador e/ou aplicado à pele de um utilizador, de modo a expor os foliculos pilosos à radiação de laser para depilação, compreendendo o referido dispositivo um corpo que aloja um laser de depilação capaz de emitir radiação num comprimento de onda adequado para a depilação, caracterizado por compreender um elemento de emissão de luz adicional, disposto para emitir um feixe de alta intensidade de radiação não prejudicial ao olho, em geral na mesma direcção do que o referido laser de depilação, para, desse modo, impedir um utilizador de apontar o dispositivo para o seu olho. 0 feixe de alta intensidade não é prejudicial no sentido em que, apesar de que pode ser desagradável olhar para o feixe, não é provocada qualquer lesão permanente por este feixe.
De preferência, o feixe de alta intensidade é ligado, logo que o dispositivo é ligado à corrente e antes do laser de depilação ser actuado. Na maioria dos casos, o laser de depilação será disparado a pedido, utilizando um gatilho ou semelhante. 0 laser gerará tipicamente um feixe pulsado de radiação laser. 0 elemento emissor de luz emite, de preferência, luz com um comprimento de onda, à qual o olho é particularmente sensível, tal como a luz com o comprimento de onda da ordem de 500 a 600 nm e idealmente cerca de 555 mn. O elemento emissor de luz pode compreender um LED concebido para proporcionar luz com a frequência desejada. O dispositivo descrito concretiza um dispositivo de depilação a laser para ser dirigido para a pele de um utilizador e/ou aplicado à pele de um utilizador, de modo a expor os foliculos pilosos à radiação laser para a depilação, compreendendo o referido dispositivo um corpo que aloja um laser de depilação capaz de emitir radiação com um comprimento de onda adequado para a depilação, caracterizado por compreender um elemento de filtro adjacente à extremidade do dispositivo para atenuar, em utilização, a reflexão do feixe do laser de depilação da pele do utilizador. 7
ΕΡ 2 319 448 /PT
De preferência, o elemento de filtro compreende um elemento tubular que se prolonga da extremidade do dispositivo em torno do feixe de laser emitido. 0 elemento tubular pode convenientemente ser cilíndrico. O dispositivo descrito concretiza um dispositivo de depilação a laser para ser dirigido para a pele de um utilizador e/ou aplicado à pele de um utilizador, de modo a expor os folículos pilosos à radiação laser para a depilação, compreendendo o referido dispositivo um corpo que aloja um laser de depilação capaz de emitir radiação no comprimento de onda adequado para a depilação, caracterizado por compreender um sensor para detecção do contacto do dispositivo com a pele e/ou da proximidade com o mesmo, e meios de controlo que respondem à saida do referido sensor para inibição da operação do referido laser de depilação, quando o dispositivo não está em contacto com a pele ou próximo da pele. 0 sensor pode convenientemente compreender dois elementos de contacto condutores e um circuito eléctrico para a determinação do contacto dos mesmos com a pele. 0 circuito eléctrico pode, por exemplo, determinar a resistência eléctrica. De preferência, a distância dos dois elementos de contacto é comparável em tamanho a, ou menor do que o tamanho de um olho aberto, para evitar o disparo directamente para o olho. Esta distância está, de preferência, na gama de cerca de 0,5 a 1,5 cm do centro de um elemento ao centro do outro elemento.
Podiam ser utilizados outros sensores com função semelhante, os quais determinam a distância ou a proximidade do dispositivo à pele. Desse modo, um feixe de luz ou feixe de radiação electromagnética pode determinar a distância do dispositivo desde a pele e esta saida pode ser utilizada pelos meios de controlo para inibir a operação. O dispositivo descrito concretiza um dispositivo de depilação a laser para ser dirigido para a pele de um utilizador e/ou aplicado à pele de um utilizador de modo a expor os foliculos pilosos à radiação laser para a depilação, compreendendo o referido dispositivo um corpo que aloja um laser de depilação capaz de emitir radiação no comprimento de onda adequado para a depilação, caracterizado por compreender meios de controlo para a operação do referido laser de 8 ΕΡ 2 319 448 /PT depilação, incluindo os referidos meios de controlo um bloqueio para prevenir a utilização não autorizada. 0 referido bloqueio pode tomar várias formas, por exemplo, o mesmo podia incluir um teclado para o utilizador introduzir um código de identificação, sendo a operação inibida a menos que seja introduzido o código correcto; o mesmo podia incluir um interruptor operado por chave, de tal modo que apenas um utilizador com a chave possa ligar o dispositivo. Além disso, os meios de controlo podem inibir a operação do laser, a não ser que seja executada uma série de duas ou mais acções. Por exemplo, os meios de controlo podem inibir a operação do laser até um sensor de contacto ou de proximidade detectar que tanto o dispositivo está adjacente à pele com segurança como o utilizador premiu um interruptor de activação. Os meios de controlo podem requerer que estas acções sejam executadas na ordem correcta.
Lisboa, 2012-04-17

Claims (3)

  1. ΕΡ 2 319 448 /PT 1/1 REIVINDICAÇÕES 1 - Dispositivo de depilação a laser (10, 110) para ser dirigido para a pele de um utilizador e/ou aplicado à pele de um utilizador de modo a expor os foliculos pilosos à radiação de laser para a depilação, compreendendo o referido dispositivo: um corpo (14) que aloja um laser de depilação (18) capaz de emitir radiação com um comprimento de onda adequado para a depilação, meios de controlo que incluem um temporizador para interrupção da operação do dispositivo após um periodo pré-estabelecido, e um sensor (26) para determinação de, pelo menos, um de entre o contacto com a pele de um utilizador e a proximidade da pele de um utilizador, caracterizado por os meios de controlo poderem ser operados adicionalmente quando da expiração do referido periodo pré-estabelecido para permitirem a nova ligação à corrente do laser apenas depois do dispositivo ter sido removido da pele e aplicado de novo à pele.
  2. 2 - Dispositivo de depilação a laser (10, 110) de acordo com a reivindicação 1, em que o corpo (14) do dispositivo inclui componentes, os quais contêm, pelo menos, a maioria da funcionalidade de controlo necessária à operação.
  3. 3 - Dispositivo de depilação a laser de acordo com a reivindicação 1, em que o dispositivo tem a forma de uma unidade de base separada (12, 112), que contém a maioria dos circuitos de controlo com uma caneta separada (14), que contém a unidade de laser e ligada à unidade de base através de uma ligação flexivel (16). Lisboa, 2012-04-17
PT10178043T 2005-09-21 2006-09-20 Dispositivo de depilação a laser PT2319448E (pt)

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