PT1198201E - Accionador electromecânico para um agrafador cirúrgico de anastomose - Google Patents
Accionador electromecânico para um agrafador cirúrgico de anastomose Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
- A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
- A61B17/07207—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/11—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for performing anastomosis; Buttons for anastomosis
- A61B17/115—Staplers for performing anastomosis in a single operation
- A61B17/1155—Circular staplers comprising a plurality of staples
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/00292—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery mounted on or guided by flexible, e.g. catheter-like, means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
- A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
- A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
- A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
- A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
- A61B2017/0725—Stapler heads with settable gap between anvil and cartridge, e.g. for different staple heights at different shots
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
- A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
- A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
- A61B2017/07271—Stapler heads characterised by its cartridge
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/3209—Incision instruments
- A61B17/3211—Surgical scalpels, knives; Accessories therefor
- A61B2017/32113—Surgical scalpels, knives; Accessories therefor with extendable or retractable guard or blade
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Description
ΕΡ 1 198 201/PT
DESCRIÇÃO "Accionador electromecânico para vim agrafador cirúrgico de anastomose"
Antecedentes do invento
Campo do invento 0 presente invento refere-se, em geral, a um dispositivo electromecânico para utilização com ferramentas cirúrgicas de anastomose, de agrafar e ressecção, e mais especificamente a um dispositivo de agrafar, o qual pode ser fixo a e servir como uma extensão de um accionador de dispositivo electromecânico, de modo a permitir o agrafar em conjunto do cólon e de outro tecido.
Descrição da técnica anterior
Quando da identificação de tecido canceroso e outro tecido anómalo no tracto gastrointestinal, é frequentemente prescrita a intervenção cirúrgica. 0 campo da cirurgia do cancro, e mais especificamente, o procedimento cirúrgico, pelo qual uma secção do tracto gastrointestinal, a qual inclui o tecido canceroso é ressectada, inclui um certo número de instrumentos de concepção única. Em combinação com uma descrição da presente instrumentação e das suas funções, será também proporcionada uma descrição do estado da técnica anterior deste procedimento cirúrgico. A premira questão, a qual deve ser respondida quando se determina como tratar o cancro do tracto gastrointestinal refere-se à localização especifica do tecido canceroso. Isto é muito importante na medida em que os instrumentos, os quais são proporcionados na técnica presente têm limitações que se relacionam a quão longe os mesmos podem ser inseridos dentro do tracto gastrointestinal. Se o tecido canceroso está demasiado longe para cima ou para baixo no tracto gastrointestinal, então a instrumentação normalizada proporcionada não pode ser utilizada, requerendo portanto acomodações especiais. Estas acomodações aumentam, em geral, o risco de contaminação dos tecidos envolventes pelos 2 ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ conteúdos intestinais, aumenta a extensão da cirurgia e a correspondente necessidade de anestesia, e eliminam-se os benefícios da anastomose e do agrafar precisos, os quais resultam da utilização do dispositivo mecanizado.
Mais especificamente, na eventualidade do tecido canceroso estar localizado numa posição no cólon, a qual é acessível pela instrumentação presente, o abdómen do paciente é inicialmente aberto para expor os intestinos. 0 cirurgião corta então o tubo do cólon em cada lado do tecido canceroso, enquanto que simultaneamente fecha com agrafos as duas extremidades abertas do intestino inferior (uma extremidade distai, a qual se dirige para o ânus, e a extremidade proximal, a qual está mais próxima do intestino inferior). Este fecho temporário é realizado a fim de minimizar a contaminação. 0 instrumento linear de corte e de agrafar, o qual é utilizado na técnica anterior é apresentado numa vista em perspectiva na Fig. 19.
Mais em particular, este fecho temporário é conseguido quando o cólon é colocado entre os elementos de tesoura na ponta do instrumento linear de corte e de agrafar. Pelo aperto do gatilho na pega do dispositivo, o cirurgião faz com que os elementos de tesoura venham de encontro um ao outro. Um segundo gatilho (ou uma acção secundária do mesmo gatilho) é então actuado para accionar a série de agrafos e uma lâmina de corte através da extremidade apertada do cólon, fechando e transectando, desse modo, as extremidades.
Após a selagem das duas extremidades distai e proximal expostas, o cirurgião cria uma pequena abertura na extremidade proximal dos intestinos e insere a porção de batente removível de um instrumento de anastomose e de agrafar. Este passo, bem como os do restante do procedimento cirúrgico, estão relacionados com o funcionamento deste instrumento cirúrgico, o qual é apresentado numa vista em perspectiva na Fig. 20. Mais em particular, o cirurgião começa por agarrar o instrumento e rodar manualmente o mostrador na base da pega, o que faz com que a cabeça do batente, na extremidade oposta, avance para diante. O cirurgião continua a rodar o mostrador até a cabeça do batente avançar para a sua posição prolongada mais extrema. 3 ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ
Esta rotação manual requer aproximadamente trinta rotações completas. Uma vez completamente prolongada, a cabeça do batente do instrumento é desacoplada do mesmo e é inserida dentro da extremidade proximal exposta, de tal modo que o poste de acoplamento se prolonga para fora através da mesma. Como descrito acima, esta extremidade proximal é então agrafada e fechada. 0 veio prolongado do instrumento de anastomose e de agrafar é então inserido e feito avançar para dentro do cólon inferior, transanalmente, até a haste de acoplamento do mesmo se prolongar através da extremidade distai agrafada. 0 cirurgião une então as extremidades de acoplamento do batente e do veio entre si e começa a rodar manualmente o mostrador da pega de novo, trazendo desta vez a cabeça do batente para mais próximo da ponta do veio.
Uma vez que a cabeça do batente e o veio sejam trazidos uma para perto do outro, após do cirurgião ter rodado manualmente o mostrador, umas outras trinta vezes, um gatilho tipo de aperto na pega é actuado manualmente. Esta actuação faz com que uma lâmina circular avance axialmente para fora a partir da ponta do veio, e para contacto com a face oposta do batente. A lâmina corta através das extremidades fechadas com agrafos das extremidades proximal e distai do cólon, cortando também, desse modo, um novo par de extremidades das porções proximal e distai do cólon. 0 tecido, o qual foi cortado é retido num volume interior na extremidade do veio.
No passo de fecho com o corte, as extremidades acabadas de abrir são unidas entre si por uma séries de agrafos, os quais são feitos avançar através de orifícios no perímetro da ponta do veio (que é pressionado contra a face oposta do batente e fechado pela mesma). 0 veio e batente acoplados são então retirados do paciente.
Mais em particular, em relação às características estruturais do instrumento linear de agrafar da técnica anterior, o qual é apresentado na Fig. 19, o dispositivo compreende uma estrutura de pistola do tipo de agarrar, que tem um veio alongado e a porção distai. A porção distai inclui um par elementos de aperto tipo tesoura, os quais apertam as extremidades abertas do cólon fechado. De facto apenas uma dos dois elementos de aperto tipo tesoura, a 4 ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ porção de batente, move-se (roda) em relação à estrutura geral; a outra permanece fixa. A actuação destes meios de tesoura (a rotação da porção de batente) é controlada por meio de um gatilho de aperto mantido na pega. Foi descrito um certo número de meios diferentes para retenção das pontas dos braços de tesoura fechados, incluindo molas, grampos, colares, e outros.
Para além dos meios de tesoura, a porção distai inclui também um mecanismo de agrafar. 0 elemento sem movimento do mecanismo de corte por tesoura, inclui uma região de recepção do carregador de agrafos e um mecanismo para accionamento dos agrafos para cima, através da extremidade apertada do cólon, contra a porção de batente, selando, desse modo, a extremidade anteriormente aberta. Os elementos de tesoura podem ser integralmente formados no veio, ou podem ser separáveis, de tal modo que vários elementos de tesoura e de agrafar podem ser interpermutados.
Mais em particular em relação às caracteristicas estruturais do instrumento de anastomose e de agrafar da técnica anterior, o qual é proporcionado na Fig. 20, o dispositivo compreende uma porção de batente, uma porção de agrafar, de lâmina e de reservatório, uma porção do veio, e uma porção de pega. A porção de batente, a qual é selectivamente removível da ponta do veio, tem a forma de bala, que tem uma porção de topo em forma nariz arredondado, uma superfície plana de suporte de corte no fundo, e um poste de acoplamento, que se prolonga axialmente a partir da superfície de fundo. A porção de agrafar, de lâmina e de reservatório (a porção SBR) do instrumento é proporcionada na extremidade distai do instrumento e inclui uma haste de acoplamento que pode ser avançada e retraída selectivamente para recepção selectiva no mesmo da porção de batente. Esta acção da haste de acoplamento é proporcionada por um veio roscado e mecanismo de parafuso sem-fim, montado na pega (descrito mais completamente a seguir). A porção de SBR tem a forma cilíndrica, formando um alojamento, o qual tem um interior oco. E neste interior oco que se forma o reservatório. A lâmina é de modo semelhante cilíndrica, e assenta no interior 5 ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ do alojamento, contra a parede interior do mesmo. A lâmina pode ser feita avançar selectivamente, axialmente para fora do alojamento, de acordo com a actuação de um mecanismo de disparo da pega (de novo, descrito mais completamente a seguir). Sobre a superfície axialmente virada para fora da parede cilíndrica do alojamento encontra-se uma série de orifícios de agrafos, através dos quais são descarregados os agrafos do dispositivo. A mesma actuação, a gual acciona a lâmina para diante acciona de modo semelhante uma série de accionadores de agrafos para diante dentro das paredes cilíndricas. Mais precisamente, o accionador de agrafos é um componente cilíndrico, o gual tem uma série de protuberâncias sobre a extremidade axial do mesmo, estando as protuberâncias posicionadas de acordo com a distribuição dos agrafos e dos orifícios. Os agrafos, antes de serem descarregados, estão montados nos orifícios; e os mesmos são feitos avançar através dos orifícios pela acção do accionador de agrafos e das protuberâncias do mesmo. A porção do veio do instrumento é uma simples estrutura prolongada e rígida, a qual se pretende como uma bainha para um par de varões alongados. 0 primeiro varão está acoplado ao mecanismo de parafuso sem-fim, introduzido acima, e descrito mais completamente a seguir em relação à porção de pega, e constituem os meios, por meio dos quais a porção de batente e a haste de acoplamento da porção de SBR são feitos avançar e retraídos selectivamente. 0 segundo varão está acoplado ao gatilho da pega numa extremidade (também introduzida acima, e descrita mais completamente a seguir) e ao accionador de lâmina e de agrafos na outra extremidade. A bainha protege o paciente e o instrumento, quando o mesmo é feito avançar para dentro do cólon transanalmente. A natureza dos mecanismos de actuação requer, no entanto, que o veio seja rígido. Esta rigidez limita o comprimento do veio; e a combinação, isto é, o comprimento e a rigidez do instrumento, destas características limitam as secções do cólon, as guais podem ser tratadas pela utilização deste dispositivo. A pega deste instrumento da técnica anterior compreende uma estrutura de pistola tipo de agarrar, gue tem um mostrador rotativo na ponta (isto é, a extremidade oposta da junção da porção do veio, a gual constitui a pega) e um 6 ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ gatilho, actuado pelo dedo. 0 gatilho inclui um mecanismo de segurança, o qual impede fisicamente a actuação a não ser que movido para fora da posição de interferência. 0 mostrador rotativo pode ser accionado acoplado a um mecanismo de parafuso sem-fim, o qual é utilizado para fazer avançar o primeiro varão da porção do veio (avançando, desse modo, a haste de acoplamento e o batente) . 0 gatilho funciona como uma alavanca básica para empurrar o segundo varão para diante dentro do veio, avançando, desse modo, a lâmina e o accionador de agrafos.
Em W097/47231 é descrito um agrafador endoscópico, que inclui uma cabeça de agrafar, a qual pode ser localizada de modo a ser removida sobre a extremidade distai de um endoscópio. A cabeça de agrafar inclui uma parte estacionária, a qual aloja um carregador de agrafos removível e uma parte móvel, a qual inclui um batente para a recepção e a dobragem das extremidades de agrafos, disparados a partir da parte estacionária. 0 carregador de agrafos aloja, de preferência, duas filas semicirculares de agrafos, as quais estão desfasadas uma em relação à outra. A parte móvel é acoplada à parte estacionária por um veio roscado, o qual engata uma engrenagem de parafuso sem-fim na parte estacionária e um primeiro arame de controlo rotativo está acoplado à engrenagem de parafuso sem-fim. Um excêntrico de disparo substancialmente semicircular está localizado próximo do carregador de agrafos na parte estacionária. 0 excêntrico de disparo tem uma superfície estriada interior, a qual é engatada por uma engrenagem estriada, acoplada a um segundo arame de controlo rotativo. Numa concretização, uma faca está acoplada ao excêntrico de disparo, de modo que o tecido é cortado subsequentemente ao agrafar. Numa outra concretização, são proporcionados percursos ópticos de laser para corte do tecido após o agrafar. A extremidade proximal da cabeça de agrafar é acoplada a uma manga, que tem o lúmen para o arame de controlo e um lúmen para um endoscópio normalizado. Numa outra concretização, é proporcionado um endoscópio modificado com lúmenes para os cabos de controlo. 0 endoscópio modificado está fixo de modo removível à cabeça de agrafar por quer uma ligação de parafuso quer uma ligação à pressão. W097/47231 tem por objectivo proporcionar um 7
ΕΡ 1 198 201/PT agrafador endoscópico descartável, o qual é relativamente barato de fabricar.
Em US 5,433,721 é descrito um mecanismo de accionamento para um instrumento cirúrgico endoscópico, o qual tem um veio de accionamento rotativo e um mecanismo para transmissão da força de rotação do veio para aplicação de fixadores ao tecido durante a cirurgia endoscópica.
Como com muitos de tais dispositivos da técnica anterior, todos estes dispositivos são considerados completamente descartáveis, e são, de facto, deitados fora após uma única utilização. Os mesmos são dispositivos complicados, que têm partes móveis múltiplas, que requerem substancial integridade estrutural e, por conseguinte, de fabrico caro. O facto dos mesmos serem utilizados apenas uma vez, e não poder ser utilizada de novo qualquer parte torna a utilização de tais dispositivos cara e que provoca o desperdício de recursos.
Para além desta falha, como pode ser facilmente observado a partir das descrições anteriores, os dispositivos da técnica anterior sofrem de numerosas outras limitações, as quais deverão ser desejavelmente superadas. Estas incluem o veio do instrumento de anastomose e de agrafar é rígido e de limitado comprimento (o qual limita a porção do tracto gastrointestinal, a qual pode ser tratada por um tal dispositivo) , bem como o requisito de que o cirurgião actue manualmente um certo número de funções diferentes (incluindo as associadas ao mostrador e ao gatilho do instrumento de anastomose e de agrafar e aos gatilhos múltiplos do instrumento de corte e agrafar).
Por conseguinte, é um objecto principal do presente invento proporcionar um instrumento para agrafar o tecido gastrointestinal, durante a cirurgia do cólon, o qual reduz o desperdício de recursos, permitindo a utilização como um acessório para um accionador de dispositivo electromecânico. É também um objecto principal do presente invento proporcionar um instrumento, o qual alerta o cirurgião quando 8 ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ as condiçoes são seguras e/ou apropriadas para o cirurgião iniciar o procedimento de agrafar. É um objecto adicional do presente invento proporcionar um conjunto de instrumentos, o qual reduz os requisitos para o cirurgião actuar manualmente os diferentes componentes e mecanismos. É um objecto adicional do presente invento proporcionar um mecanismo de agrafar que pode ser integrado noutros dispositivos electromecânicos, dentro de um acessório para utilização com um accionador de dispositivo electromecânico.
Outros objectos do presente invento serão reconhecidos de acordo com a descrição dos mesmos, aqui proporcionada em seguida e na "Descrição pormenorizada da concretização preferida" em conjunto com as restantes figuras.
Sumário do invento
Os objectos anteriores do invento são proporcionados em virtude de um dispositivo de agrafar electromecânico, o qual pode ser actuado por e uma vez acoplado a um accionador de dispositivo electromecânico. Deve ser reconhecido que este dispositivo de agrafar electromecânico pode ser utilizado em conjunto com um mecanismo linear de aperto, como descrito acima e a seguir na "Descrição pormenorizada da concretização preferida". Mais em particular, o mecanismo linear de aperto do acessório é utilizado para apertar primeiro a extremidade aberta de um cólon e depois o mecanismo de agrafar do presente invento é utilizado para agrafar e cortar transversalmente o tecido do cólon em conjunto num movimento.
Mais em particular, o presente invento pode ser utilizado num sistema que compreende três componentes, os quais são (1) um accionador electromecânico, (2) um acessório linear de aperto, de corte e de agrafar, e (3) um acessório de anastomose e de agrafar, tendo os últimos dois acessórios uma interface comum concebida para acoplamento, a qual se une ao componente de accionador. Em primeiro lugar, em relação ao accionador electromecânico, o accionador tem uma pega e um veio de accionamento flexível. A pega tem uma concepção de 9 ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ pistola tipo de agarrar, que tem um par de gatilhos de dedo, os quais estão independentemente acoplados a motores separados, os quais rodam veios de accionamento flexíveis separados (descritos mais completamente, aqui a seguir). Cada um dos motores são motores de sentido duplo, e estão acoplados a um comutador de accionamento manual, montado no topo da pega, pelo que o utilizador pode alterar selectivamente o sentido de rotação de cada motor. Esta capacidade de sentido duplo pode ser muito simplesmente conseguida pela selecção dos motores, os quais rodam num sentido, que corresponde ao sentido da corrente, e a actuação dos comutadores de accionamento altera de modo correspondente o sentido da corrente. Neste exemplo, a fonte de energia que alimenta os motores deve ser uma fonte de corrente contínua, tal como um conjunto de baterias (e mais desejavelmente, um conjunto de baterias recarregáveis). Na eventualidade do dispositivo dever ser utilizável com uma corrente alterna, pode ser incluído, em alternativa, um transformador, ou pode ser proporcionado um conjunto de engrenagens intermédias mais sofisticado. Em conjunto com a presente descrição, as concretizações do presente invento, as quais serão descritas utilizam um conjunto de baterias recarregáveis que proporciona uma corrente contínua.
Para além dos componentes do motor, a pega inclui ainda outras características, que incluem: (1) um indicador remoto de estado; (2) meios de condução do veio; e (3) pelo menos, uma alimentação eléctrica adicional. Em primeiro lugar, o indicador remoto de estado pode compreender um LCD (ou dispositivo de leitura semelhante) , pelo qual o utilizador pode obter o conhecimento da posição dos componentes (por exemplo, se um elemento de aperto está na posição adequada, antes do accionamento dos agrafos). Em segundo lugar, a pega também inclui meios de condução de actuação manual, por exemplo, uma manche ou esfera de seguimento, para dirigir o movimento do veio flexível (por meio de arames de guia implantados na porção do veio, descrita aqui mais completamente a seguir). Finalmente, a pega pode incluir uma alimentação de energia eléctrica 10 ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ adicional e um interruptor de ligar e desligar para a alimentação selectiva de energia eléctrica para os acessórios.
Mais em particular, em relação ao veio flexível, o veio compreende uma bainha tubular, formada, de preferência, a partir de um material elastomérico simples, o qual é um tecido compatível e o qual pode ser esterilizável (isto é, suficientemente forte para aguentar uma autoclave). Podem ser proporcionados vários comprimentos deste veio em conjunto com o presente invento. Neste caso, o veio flexível e as porções de pega devem ser separáveis. Se separáveis, a interface entre a extremidade proximal do veio e a extremidade distai da pega deve incluir meios de acoplamento para os componentes de accionamento. Especificamente, em relação aos componentes de accionamento do veio, dentro da bainha elastomérica está fixo um par tubos mais pequenos, os quais contêm, cada um deles, um veio de accionamento flexível, o qual é capaz de rodar dentro do tubo. O próprio veio de accionamento flexível, deve simplesmente ser capaz de transmitir um binário a partir do motor, na pega, para a extremidade distai do veio, enquanto que é ainda suficientemente flexível para se dobrar, inclinar, curvar, etc. como o cirurgião julgue necessário para "ziguezaguear" através do cólon do paciente. Por exemplo, os veios de accionamento podem compreender um cabo de fibras de aço tecidas. Deve ser reconhecido que podem ser adequados outros veios de accionamento para esta finalidade. A fim da extremidade distai do veio de accionamento ser acoplada a um acessório, tal como o dispositivo de aperto e agrafar do presente invento (como descrito mais completamente a seguir), no entanto, as pontas distais dos veios de accionamento devem ter uma conformação, a qual permite a transmissão continuada do binário. Por exemplo, as pontas distais dos veios de accionamento podem ser hexagonais, encaixando, desse modo, dentro de um recesso hexagonal na interface de acoplamento do acessório. Como sugerido acima, em conjunto com os meios de condução de actuação manual, montados na pega, a bainha inclui ainda, pelo menos, dois arames de guia, os quais são flexíveis, mas estão acoplados à superfície interior da bainha, próximo da extremidade distai da mesma. Os arames de guia podem ser axialmente transladados um em relação ao um outro, pela 11 ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ actuação dos meios de condução, cuja acção faz com que a bainha seja, por conseguinte, dobrada e curva. Também, como sugerido acima, em conjunto com o LCD indicador da pega, o veio contém ainda um fio eléctrico para acoplamento aos acessórios. Este fio eléctrico conduz um sinal a partir do acessório para a pega, para indicação do estado do acessório (por exemplo, se está retida uma função de aperto) . De modo semelhante, pode ser proporcionado um segundo fio eléctrico para alimentação de energia a aspectos separados do acessório, se assim for requerido (por exemplo, como será descrito mais completamente em relação a uma concretização do acessório linear de agrafar, pode ser proporcionada a utilização de uma selagem electromagnética engatável selectivamente para assegurar o aperto continuo através do processo de agrafar e requer energia proporcionada selectivamente a partir da alimentação de energia da pega.
Mais em particular, em relação ao acessório linear de aperto, de corte e de agrafar, o qual tem diversas concretizações diferentes potenciais, duas das quais são descritas aqui como exemplos, o acessório é encaixado com duas extensões de accionamento, as quais em operação funcionam como extensões dos veios de accionamento flexíveis do accionador electromecânico. Isto é, quando o acessório coincide com o accionador electromecânico, as extensões de accionamento ficam em comunicação mecânica com os veios de accionamento flexíveis, de tal modo que a activação dos mesmos a partir do motores de accionamento dos veios activa as extensões de accionamento dentro do acessório linear de aperto, de corte e de agrafar. Em cada concretização do acessório, a primeira extensão de accionamento permite um mecanismo linear de aperto, enquanto que a segunda extensão de accionamento permite um mecanismo de corte e agrafar. Numa concretização, o mecanismo linear de aperto compreende um sistema de tesoura-manga pelo que a maxila superior da tesoura é apertada para a maxila inferior da tesoura à medida que uma manga, que encerra um comprimento da tesoura, é movida a partir da extremidade articulada da tesoura para a extremidade de fecho da tesoura. A tesoura pode ser desapertada à medida que a manga é feita retornar para a sua posição original. Nesta concretização, a primeira extensão de accionamento move a manga para diante ou para trás, 12 ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ dependendo do sentido de rotação do motor correspondente no accionador electromecânico. Numa segunda concretização, o mecanismo linear de aperto compreende um sistema de separação das maxilas, pelo que uma maxila superior é elevada e subsequentemente baixada para ir de encontro a uma maxila inferior para efectuar um aperto. Nesta concretização, a primeira extensão de accionamento engata num par de veios verticais roscados, os quais elevam ou baixam a maxila superior, dependendo do sentido de rotação do motor correspondente no accionador electromecânico. Em cada uma destas concretizações, quando as maxilas são fechadas, um par de eléctrodos detectores, dispostos sobre as maxilas entram em contacto e, desse modo, fecham um circuito detector, o qual alerta o cirurgião que é seguro ou apropriado activar o mecanismo de agrafar e/ou activa automaticamente o mecanismo de agrafar.
Em cada uma destas concretizações, o mecanismo de agrafar do presente invento compreende uma plataforma de suporte substituível de agrafos abertos, disposta dentro da maxila inferior e um conjunto de guias de agrafos correspondente, montado sobre a maxila superior, de tal modo que, quando o mecanismo linear de aperto está numa posição fechada, os agrafos abertos ficam imediatamente opostos em relação às guias de agrafos correspondentes. 0 mecanismo de agrafar compreende ainda uma lâmina para corte através do topo do tecido intestinal entre as maxilas. Este mecanismo compreende um sistema de impulso de cunha, pelo que logo que o mecanismo linear de aperto está numa posição fechada, uma cunha, que se desloca num canal por debaixo da plataforma de suporte de agrafos abertos, é empurrada através do canal. À medida que a cunha se move através do canal, uma superfície inclinada da cunha empurra os agrafos abertos contra as guias de agrafos correspondentes, fechando, desse modo, os agrafos. A porção de lâmina assenta por cima desta superfície inclinada e corta através do tecido intestinal. Após os agrafos terem sido fechados, a cunha é puxada para trás através do canal. A segunda extensão de accionamento empurra ou puxa a cunha e o mecanismo de lâmina através do canal, dependendo do sentido de rotação do motor correspondente no accionador electromecânico, pelo engate de um veio horizontal 13 ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ roscado, no qual a cunha, que tem uma rosca interior coincidente, se desloca.
Referindo aqora um acessório de anastomose e de agrafar, é aqui descrita a seguir uma concretização preferida, como um único exemplo das diferentes variações, as quais podem ser construídas para a finalidade equivalente. Como com o acessório linear de agrafar descrito acima, no entanto, este exemplo demonstra a capacidade de aplicação universal do mecanismo geral de accionamento electromecânico do presente invento. Este acessório compreende uma porção de batente, e uma porção de agrafo, lâmina e reservatório, a qual inclui um par de veios de accionamento rotativos, os quais podem ser acoplados aos componentes de accionamento do elemento de veio descrito acima, e um correspondente par de porcas de avanço e retracção, montadas nos veios de accionamento rotativos, mas as quais são impedidas de rotação e, por conseguinte, avançam e retraem-se linearmente ao longo dos veios, quando os mesmos rodam. A porção de batente tem a forma de bala, que tem uma porção de topo com nariz arredondado, uma superfície de suporte de corte plana no fundo, e um poste de acoplamento de rotação livre, que se prolonga axialmente a partir da superfície de fundo. Este poste de acoplamento é projectado para poder ser selectivamente acoplado e removido da porca correspondente, montada num dos veios de accionamento rotativos. A porção de agrafo, lâmina e reservatório (a porção de SBR) tem a forma cilíndrica, formando um alojamento, o qual tem um interior oco. É este interior oco que forma o reservatório. Sobre a superfície, virada axialmente para fora da parede cilíndrica do alojamento, encontra-se uma série de orifícios de agrafos, através da qual são descarregados os agrafos do dispositivo. Uma série de accionadores de agrafos está montada dentro das paredes cilíndricas, por debaixo dos orifícios dos agrafos, para o accionamento dos agrafos através da mesma. Mais precisamente, os accionadores de agrafos constituem uma série de protuberâncias no bordo exterior de um único componente cilíndrico, o qual assenta na parede da porção de SBR. Os agrafos, antes de serem descarregados, são montados nos orifícios; e os mesmos são feitos avançar através dos orifícios pelo movimento para a frente do accionador de agrafos e das protuberâncias do mesmo. A lâmina é, de modo 14 ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ semelhante, cilíndrica e assenta no interior do alojamento, contra a superfície interior da parede do mesmo. Tanto a lâmina como o accionador de agrafos estão montados na segunda porca, a qual está, por sua vez, montada no outro veio de accionamento rotativo. À medida que o veio de accionamento rotativo roda, a porca (a qual está restringida em relação à rotação) avança ao longo do veio, avançando assim linearmente a lâmina e o accionador de agrafos. A lâmina e o accionador de agrafos podem ser, por conseguinte, selectivamente feitos avançar axialmente para fora do alojamento, de acordo com a actuação do gatilho apropriado na pega. Na prática, este acessório é utilizado, logo que a secção do cólon, a qual é para ser removida tiver sido ressectada (mas antes do passo de aperto e agrafar linear estar completo), da seguinte maneira. 0 cirurgião começa pelo acoplamento do acessório de anastomose e de agrafar ao accionador electromecânico e avança a porção de batente para a sua extensão máxima. A cabeça do batente é então removida e inserida dentro da extremidade proximal exposta. Como descrito acima, esta extremidade proximal é então agrafada e fechada. 0 cirurgião avança então o veio e a porção de SBR do acessório para cima no cólon até a mesma se prolongar através da extremidade distai agrafada do cólon. 0 cirurgião faz então o acoplamento do batente à porca de avanço e retracção do veio de accionamento correspondente. 0 disparo subsequente do motor na pega faz com que o batente se retraia para a porção de SBR. Numa concretização preferida, a base do batente e o bordo exterior do alojamento de SBR compreendem um detector electromagnético, o qual está acoplado ao indicador LCD da pega, permitindo, desse modo, ao cirurgião saber quando o batente e o SBR vieram para uma proximidade suficiente para accionar a lâmina e os agrafos. A actuação subsequente do outro gatilho na pega faz com que o outro veio de accionamento rotativo correspondente avance a lâmina e o accionador de agrafos para contacto com a face oposta do batente. A lâmina corta através das extremidades fechadas com agrafos do cólon, deixando o tecido, o qual foi cortado no interior do reservatório. Simultaneamente ao corte, as extremidades acabadas de abrir são unidas entre si pela série dos agrafos, os quais foram feitos avançar através dos orifícios no bordo periférico do SBR (que é pressionado 15 ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ contra a face oposta do batente e fechado pela mesma). 0 acessório e o veio flexível são então retirados do paciente.
Descrição resumida dos desenhos
As Figs. 1 e 2 são vistas laterais das disposições fechada e aberta, respectivamente, de um acessório linear de aperto, de corte e de agrafar, o qual constitui um aspecto do presente invento; as Figs. 3 e 4 são vistas laterais parcialmente cortadas das disposições fechada e aberta, respectivamente, do acessório linear de aperto, de corte e de agrafar mostrado nas Figs. 1 e 2, o qual constitui um aspecto do presente invento; as Figs. 5 a 12 são vistas traseiras em vários planos parcialmente cortados do acessório linear de aperto, de corte e de agrafar mostrado nas Figs. 1 a 4, o qual constitui um aspecto do presente invento; fundo, parcialmente de topo profunda, respectivamente, do de agrafar mostrado aspecto do presente as Figs. 13 a 17 são vistas de cortada de topo, parcialmente cortada parcialmente cortada de fundo e de topo, acessório linear de aperto, de corte e nas Figs. 1 a 12, o qual constitui um invento; a Fig. 18 é um corte parcial de lado do acessório linear de aperto, de corte e de agrafar mostrado nas Figs. 1 a 17, o qual constitui um aspecto do presente invento; a Fig. 19 é uma vista em perspectiva de um mecanismo linear de aperto, corte e agrafar da técnica anterior; a Fig. 20 é uma vista em perspectiva de um mecanismo de anastomose e agrafar da técnica anterior.
Descrição pormenorizada das concretizações preferidas
Uma concretização preferida do mecanismo de agrafar do acessório linear de aperto e de agrafar, de acordo com o 16 ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ presente invento está ilustrada nas Figs. 1 a 18 . Mais em particular, referindo agora as Figs. 1, 2 e 13, um mecanismo linear de aperto e o mecanismo de agrafar e de corte de acordo com o presente invento estão mostrados como parte de um acessório linear de aperto, de corte e de agrafar 20 .
Referindo agora também as Figs. 3 e 4, nesta concretização preferida, o mecanismo linear de aperto compreende um sistema de separação de maxilas, que compreende uma maxila inferior 50 e uma maxila superior 80, que tem uma extremidade proximal 100. Referindo agora também as Figs. 7, 11, 14 e 17, a extremidade proximal 100 da maxila superior 80 tem um par de furos roscados verticais 90, através dos quais se prolonga um correspondente par de veios verticais 130. As roscas interiores 92 dos furos roscados verticais 90 coincidem com as roscas exteriores 132 dos veios verticais 130. Referindo agora também as Figs. 6 e 10, os veios verticais 130 engatam num veio horizontal superior roscado 150 numa extremidade distai 140 do veio horizontal superior 150. As roscas exteriores 152 do veio horizontal superior 150 interbloqueiam as roscas exteriores 132 dos veios verticais 130. Referindo agora as Figs. 3 a 5 e 9, o veio horizontal superior 150 tem, numa extremidade proximal 170, um encaixe fêmea de accionamento superior 180. Referindo as Figs. 3 a 6, 9, 10, 14 e 17, o mecanismo linear de aperto compreende ainda um primeiro eléctrodo detector 182, que comunica electricamente através de arames de comunicação (não mostrados) com um primeiro bloco de contacto 187 (mostrado melhor nas Figs. 6, 10, 14 e 17), o qual por sua vez comunica electricamente com um segundo bloco de contacto 189 (mostrado melhor nas Figs. 14 e 17) através de contacto directo, o qual comunica electricamente através de arames de comunicação (não mostrados) com um primeiro nó de contacto 188 (mostrado melhor nas Figs. 5, 9 e 13) . De modo semelhante, o mecanismo linear de aperto compreende ainda um segundo eléctrodo detector 184, que comunica electricamente através de arames de comunicação (não mostrados) com um segundo nó de contacto 186 (mostrado melhor nas Figs. 5, 9 e 13). Os nós de contacto 186, 188 comunicam electricamente com os arames de comunicação (não mostrados) no componente de accionamento electromecânico (não mostrado) para formarem um circuito detector, de tal modo que, quando a maxila superior 80 e a maxila inferior 50 são apertadas entre si, os eléctrodos 17 ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ detectores 182, 184 ficam em contacto, o circuito detector é fechado, e o cirurgião é alertado através dos outros componentes de circuito (não mostrados) para a posição apertada das maxilas 50, 80, e é, por conseguinte, informado que é seguro e/ou apropriado activar o mecanismo de agrafar.
Adicionalmente, nesta concretização preferida e referindo agora as Figs. 3, 4, 8, 12, 16 e 18, o mecanismo de corte e de agrafar compreende um sistema de impulso de cunha, que compreende na maxila inferior 50 e uma plataforma de suporte substituível 220, que aloja uma ou mais varões de fixação, ou agrafos 230, e na maxila superior 80 uma ou mais guias de agrafos 240, que correspondem aos agrafos 230. Cada um dos agrafos 230 tem uma ponta 232 que se projecta para baixo da plataforma de suporte 220, e um par de prolongamentos pontiagudos 234, que se prolongam para o topo da plataforma de suporte 220. Referindo agora também as Figs. 7, 11 e 15, o sistema de impulso de cunha compreende ainda uma guia de cunha ou canal 250, que se prolonga por debaixo da plataforma de suporte 220. Dentro do canal 250 prolonga-se um veio horizontal inferior roscado 260, que tem roscas exteriores 262. Sobre o veio horizontal inferior 260 desloca-se uma cunha 270, que tem uma face de topo inclinada 280, um furo roscado horizontal 290 (mostrado melhor nas Figs. 7 e 11) coaxial em relação ao canal 250, que tem as roscas interiores de extremidade 292, que coincidem com as roscas exteriores 262 do veio roscado horizontal inferior 260, e um componente de lâmina prolongado para cima 51. Referindo agora as Figs. 3, 4, 5 e 9, o veio horizontal inferior 260 tem numa extremidade proximal 300 um segundo encaixe fêmea de accionamento 310.
Em operação, após do cirurgião ter localizado o tecido canceroso ou anómalo no tracto gastrointestinal, o abdómen do paciente é inicialmente aberto para expor os intestinos. O cirurgião corta então o tubo dos intestinos em cada lado do tecido canceroso, criando, desse modo, duas extremidades abertas dos intestinos, uma extremidade distai, a qual se dirige para o ânus, e uma extremidade proximal, a qual fica mais próxima do intestino inferior. A fim de minimizar a contaminação, o cirurgião utiliza então o acessório linear de aperto, de corte e de agrafar para agrafar temporariamente as 18 ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ extremidades expostas. De acordo com o procedimento de aperto, corte e agrafar descrito a seguir, as extremidades proximal e distai dos intestinos serão apertadas, cortadas e agrafadas.
Mais em particular, o acessório linear de aperto, de corte e de agrafar é feito coincidir com o encaixe fêmea de fixação (não mostrado) do componente de accionador electromecânico (não mostrado) , de tal modo que o encaixe fêmea de accionamento superior 180 engata no veio de accionamento flexível correspondente (não mostrado) do componente de accionador electromecânico (não mostrado) e o segundo encaixe fêmea de accionamento 310 engata no veio de accionamento flexível correspondente (não mostrado) do componente de accionador electromecânico (não mostrado). Assim, é efectuada a rotação do veio horizontal superior 150 pela rotação do encaixe fêmea de accionamento superior 180, a qual é efectuada por intermédio da rotação do veio de accionamento flexível correspondente (não mostrado) do componente de accionador electromecânico (não mostrado). A rotação no sentido dos ponteiros do relógio ou no sentido contrário é conseguida, dependendo do sentido do motor responsável (não mostrado). De modo semelhante, a rotação do veio horizontal inferior 260 é efectuada por intermédio da rotação do segundo encaixe fêmea de accionamento 310, a qual é efectuada por intermédio da rotação do veio de accionamento flexível correspondente (não mostrado) do componente de accionador electromecânico (não mostrado). De novo, é conseguida a rotação no sentido dos ponteiros do relógio ou no sentido contrário, dependendo do sentido do motor responsável (não mostrado). A fim de apertar as extremidades dos intestinos, o cirurgião activa, em primeiro lugar, o motor superior 400 que corresponde ao veio de accionamento flexível superior 410, o qual engata no encaixe fêmea de accionamento superior 180 na extremidade proximal 170 do veio horizontal superior 150, fazendo, desse modo, com que o veio horizontal superior 150 rode com uma rotação no sentido dos ponteiros do relógio. Quando o acessório linear de aperto e de agrafar está num estado inicial fechado, como mostrado na Fig. 1, esta rotação no sentido dos ponteiros do relógio do veio horizontal 19 ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ superior 150 faz com que as roscas exteriores 152 do veio horizontal superior 150 engatem nas roscas exteriores 132 dos veios verticais 130, fazendo, desse modo, com que os veios verticais 130 rodem com uma rotação no sentido dos ponteiros do relógio. Esta rotação no sentido dos ponteiros do relógio dos veios verticais 130 faz com que as roscas exteriores 132 dos veios verticais 130 sejam conduzidas para dentro das roscas interiores 92 dos furos roscados verticais 90, fazendo, desse modo, com que a maxila superior 80 se eleve e comece a separação da maxila inferior 50. A operação continua do motor superior desta maneira coloca eventualmente o acessório linear de aperto e de agrafar num estado aberto, proporcionando um espaço entre a maxila superior 80 e a maxila inferior 50, como mostrado na Fig. 2. Uma vez que o acessório linear de aperto e de agrafar está neste estado aberto, o cirurgião tem acesso à plataforma de suporte 220 de agrafos 230, e pode verificar para se assegurar que os agrafos 230 estão prontos para o procedimento e/ou substitui a plataforma de suporte 220 por uma plataforma de suporte mais adequada 220, como mostrado na Fig. 26. Uma vez que o cirurgião tenha verificado que a plataforma de suporte 220 está pronta e no lugar, o cirurgião coloca a extremidade distai aberta do cólon entre a maxila superior 80 e a maxila inferior 50. Em seguida, o cirurgião inverte o motor superior 400 para efectuar uma rotação no sentido contrário ao dos ponteiros do relógio do veio horizontal superior 150, o qual por sua vez efectua a rotação no sentido contrário aos dos ponteiros do relógio dos veios verticais 130, os quais por sua vez efectuam um abaixamento da maxila superior 80. A operação continua do motor superior 400 desta maneira faz, eventualmente, retornar o acessório linear de aperto e de agrafar para um estado fechado, em que a extremidade distai dos intestinos fica apertada entre a maxila superior 80 e a maxila inferior 40, com uma porção pequena da extremidade distai dos intestinos, que se prolonga lateralmente para além a maxila superior 80 e a maxila inferior 50.
Logo que a extremidade distai dos intestinos é apertada, como descrito acima, os eléctrodos detectores 182, 184 ficam em contacto, e o cirurgião é alertado, através dos componentes de circuito no componente de accionamento electromecânico que é seguro e/ou apropriado activar o 20 ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ mecanismo de agrafar. O cirurgião activa então o mecanismo de agrafar. Deve ser notado que a resistência conseguida pelas relações mecânicas entre a maxila superior 80, os furos roscados verticais 90, os veios verticais 130, o veio horizontal 150 e o encaixe fêmea de accionamento superior 180 do acessório linear de aperto e de agrafar, e o veio de accionamento flexível superior e o motor superior 400 do componente de accionador electromecânico, asseguram em conjunto que a maxila superior 80 e a maxila inferior 50 permaneçam apertadas entre si durante a operação do mecanismo de agrafar. Para iniciar o procedimento de agrafar e corte, o cirurgião activa o motor inferior 420 do componente de accionador electromecânico correspondente ao veio de accionamento flexível inferior 430, o qual engata no encaixe fêmea de accionamento inferior 310 na extremidade proximal 300 do veio horizontal inferior 260, fazendo, desse modo, com que o veio horizontal inferior 260 rode com uma rotação no sentido dos ponteiros do relógio. Quando o mecanismo de agrafar e corte está num estado inicial carregado, a cunha 270 e a lâmina 51, associadas ao mesmo, estão no canal 250 numa posição mais próxima da extremidade proximal 300 do veio horizontal inferior 260. A rotação no sentido dos ponteiros do relógio do veio horizontal inferior 260 faz com que as roscas exteriores 262 do veio horizontal inferior 260 engatem nas roscas interiores 292 do furo roscado horizontal 290 da cunha 270, fazendo, desse modo, com que a cunha 270 se desloque através do canal 250 num sentido para fora da extremidade proximal 300 do veio horizontal inferior 260. A operação contínua do motor inferior 420 moverá, desta maneira, a cunha 270 completamente através do canal 250. À medida que a cunha 270 se move através do canal, a lâmina 51, montada no topo da cunha, corta através dos intestinos, transectando os mesmos. Simultaneamente, a face de topo inclinada 280 da cunha 270 entra em contacto com as pontas 232 dos agrafos 230, empurrando desse modo, os prolongamentos pontiagudos 234 dos agrafos 230 através do tecido da extremidade distai apertada dos intestinos e contra as guias de agrafos 240, as quais dobram e fecham os agrafos 230. Quando a cunha 270 é movida completamente através do canal 250, todos os agrafos 230 são empurrados através da plataforma de suporte 220 e fechados, fechando com os agrafos, desse modo, a extremidade distai dos intestinos. Em 21 ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ seguida, ο cirurgião inverte ο motor inferior 420, para efectuar uma rotação no sentido contrário ao dos ponteiros do relógio do veio horizontal inferior 260, o qual por sua vez move a cunha 2 70 para a extremidade proximal 300 do veio horizontal inferior 260. A operação continua do motor inferior 420 desta maneira faz eventualmente retornar a cunha 270 para a sua posição inicial.
Em seguida, o cirurgião activa de novo o motor superior 400 para efectuar uma rotação no sentido dos ponteiros do relógio do veio horizontal superior 150, o qual efectua, por sua vez, uma rotação no sentido dos ponteiros do relógio dos veios verticais 130, os quais efectuam, por sua vez uma elevação da maxila superior 80. A operação continua do motor superior 400 coloca, desta maneira, o acessório linear de aperto, corte e de agrafar eventualmente num estado aberto. Em seguida, o cirurgião substitui a plataforma de suporte vazia 220 por uma plataforma de suporte cheia 220, e executa o mesmo procedimento de aperto, corte e agrafar na extremidade proximal dos intestinos. Logo que a extremidade proximal dos intestinos for também apertada, cortada e agrafada, o cirurgião pode separar o acessório do componente de accionador electromecânico, descartar o acessório, e utilizar o componente de accionador electromecânico para procedimentos adicionais com outros acessórios.
Lisboa, 2009-02-09
Claims (27)
- ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ 1/6 REIVINDICAÇÕES 1 - Dispositivo de fixação e de corte para corte e fixação de uma secção de tecido, que compreende: uma primeira maxila (80); uma segunda maxila (50), disposta em oposição à primeira maxila (80), sendo as primeira e segunda maxilas móveis relativamente entre uma posição aberta e uma posição fechada; um ou mais fixadores (230), dispostos inicialmente na segunda maxila (50); uma cunha (270), em posição para engatar nos ditos fixadores (230), incluindo a dita cunha uma lâmina (51) e uma superfície inclinada (280), de tal modo que durante a translação da dita cunha, a lâmina corta transversalmente a dita secção de tecido, e a superfície inclinada (280) acciona os ditos fixadores (230) através do tecido e para a dita primeira maxila (80), fixando, desse modo, a dita secção; um primeiro veio rotativo (130) para efectivação do movimento relativo das primeira e segunda maxilas (50, 80) entre a posição aberta e a posição fechada ao longo de uma direcção geralmente linear, e um segundo veio rotativo (260) que acciona o componente de cunha, podendo o segundo veio rotativo (260) ser rodado independentemente do primeiro veio rotativo (130), caracterizado por a dita cunha estar disposta com uma relação de translação selectiva e axialmente dentro da dita segunda maxila (50) e por a dita direcção linear ser perpendicular ao eixo longitudinal do primeiro veio (130).
- 2 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 1, que compreende, pelo menos, um motor que acciona o primeiro veio rotativo (130), para efectuar o movimento relativo das primeira e segunda maxilas (50, 80) entre a posição aberta e a posição fechada, independentemente da lâmina (51) e a cunha (270). ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ 2/6
- 3 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 2, em que o primeiro veio rotativo (130) e o segundo veio rotativo (260) rodam utilizando o, pelo menos, um motor.
- 4 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 3, em que o, pelo menos, um motor inclui dois motores, accionando um primeiro dos dois motores o movimento relativo das primeira e segunda maxilas (50, 80) entre a posição aberta e a posição fechada, e accionando um segundo dos dois motores a cunha (270).
- 5 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 1, em que as primeira e segunda maxilas (50, 80) são móveis de uma maneira não rotativa uma em relação à outra, entre a posição aberta e a posição fechada.
- 6 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 1 ou 5, que compreende uma guia de cunha (250) integrada na segunda maxila (50), transladando-se a cunha (270) ao longo da guia de cunha.
- 7 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 6, em que a guia de cunha (250) tem um eixo linear e uma parede, e em que a cunha (270) tem uma superfície exterior, e em que a interacção entre a superfície exterior e a parede impede a rotação da cunha (270) em torno do eixo linear da guia de cunha (250), e em que a cunha (270) tem um furo roscado, que tem um eixo cilíndrico coaxial em relação ao eixo linear da guia de cunha (250) e que tem roscas interiores, e em que o segundo veio rotativo (260) compreende um veio roscado, que tem roscas exteriores e que se prolongam ao longo da guia de cunha (250) e que tem um eixo cilíndrico coaxial em relação ao eixo cilíndrico do furo, coincidindo as roscas interiores do furo com as roscas exteriores do veio roscado (260), em que uma rotação do veio roscado (260) em torno do eixo cilíndrico do furo faz com que as roscas exteriores se desloquem ao longo das roscas interiores, fazendo com que a cunha (270) se desloque ao longo do veio (260) e ao longo da guia de cunha (250) .
- 8 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 7, em que a guia de cunha (250) inclui um canal linear que tem uma ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ 3/6 secção transversal, e em que a cunha (270) tem uma secção transversal que coincide substancialmente com a secção transversal do canal (250).
- 9 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 8, em que a primeira maxila (80) tem uma primeira superfície, e em que a segunda maxila (52) tem uma segunda superfície, disposta em correspondência oposta à primeira superfície da primeira maxila (80), e em que cada um dos fixadores (230) tem uma ponta e, pelo menos, um prolongamento pontiagudo, e em que a ponta se projecta para dentro do canal (250), e em que cada prolongamento pontiagudo se prolonga para a segunda superfície da segunda maxila (50), de tal modo que, quando a superfície inclinada (280) da cunha (270) entra em contacto com cada ponta, cada prolongamento pontiagudo é empurrado através da segunda superfície da segunda maxila (50), e de tal modo que quando cada prolongamento pontiagudo é empurrado, desse modo, através da segunda superfície da segunda maxila (50), e quando a primeira superfície da primeira maxila (80) e a segunda superfície da segunda maxila (50) ficam substancialmente adjacentes, cada prolongamento pontiagudo entra em contacto com a primeira superfície da primeira maxila (80).
- 10 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 9, em que um ou mais dos fixadores (270) são agrafos, e em que a primeira superfície da primeira maxila (80) inclui uma ou mais guias de agrafos (240), que correspondem aos prolongamentos pontiagudos dos agrafos, formando cada guia de agrafo (240) um par de bolsas côncavas, adaptadas para receberem os prolongamentos pontiagudos dos agrafos e para guiarem, em seguida, os prolongamentos pontiagudos para uma posição fechada e dobrada.
- 11 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 10, que compreende uma plataforma de suporte de agrafos removível (220) que aloja os agrafos, e em que a segunda superfície da segunda maxila (50) está adaptada para receber a plataforma de suporte de agrafos removível (220).
- 12 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 7, em que o veio roscado (260) tem uma extremidade proximal que ΕΡ 1 198 201/PT 4/6 comunica mecanicamente com os meios para rotação do veio roscado (260) .
- 13 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 12, em que os meios incluem, pelo menos, um motor.
- 14 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 13, em que o motor tem uma extensão de accionamento, que tem uma extremidade distai, e em que a extremidade proximal do veio roscado (260) tem um encaixe fêmea de accionamento, adaptado para receber a extremidade distai da extensão de accionamento.
- 15 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 12, em que uma de uma rotação no sentido dos ponteiros do relógio e de uma rotação no sentido contrário aos dos ponteiros do relógio do veio roscado (260) faz com que a cunha (270) se desloque para fora da extremidade proximal do veio roscado (260), e em que a outra da rotação no sentido dos ponteiros do relógio e da rotação no sentido contrário aos dos ponteiros do relógio do veio roscado (260) faz com que a cunha (270) se desloque para a extremidade proximal do veio roscado (260) .
- 16 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 7, em que o furo roscado (290) da cunha (270) é um canal roscado.
- 17 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 1 ou 5, que inclui um detector (182, 184) para detecção de quando a primeira maxila (80) está adjacente à segunda maxila (50).
- 18 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 17, em que o detector (182, 184) inclui um primeiro contacto eléctrico (182) sobre a primeira maxila (80) e um segundo contacto eléctrico (184) sobre a segunda maxila (50), estando cada um dos primeiro e segundo contactos eléctricos em comunicação eléctrica com um circuito de detecção de proximidade, de tal modo que, quando os primeiro e segundo contactos eléctricos estão a tocar-se, o circuito de detecção de proximidade é fechado. ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ 5/6
- 19 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 1, em que: a segunda maxila (50) está adaptada para reter um ou mais fixadores (230); e a lâmina (51) corta a secção de tecido linearmente.
- 20 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 19, em que o segundo veio rotativo (260) está adaptado para accionar a cunha (270) para accionar simultaneamente os fixadores (230) e a lâmina (51).
- 21 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 1 ou 19, que compreende um primeiro motor para accionamento do primeiro veio rotativo (130) e um segundo motor para accionamento do segundo veio rotativo (260).
- 22 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 1 ou 19, que compreende uma disposição de motores para accionamento de cada um do primeiro veio rotativo (130) e do segundo veio rotativo (260) .
- 23 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 1 ou 19, em que cada um dos primeiro e segundo veios rotativos (130, 260) inclui um encaixe fêmea de accionamento para engate numa extremidade de um respectivo veio de accionamento.
- 24 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 1, em que o movimento das primeira e segunda maxilas (50, 80) entre as posições aberta e fechada retém o tecido entre as mesmas.
- 25 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 1, em que a lâmina (51) é accionada pelo primeiro veio rotativo (80), em que a lâmina (51) está adaptada para corte do tecido ao longo de um percurso paralelo a um plano que contém o eixo longitudinal do primeiro veio; e em que a cunha (270) inclui um accionador de agrafos, accionado pelo primeiro veio rotativo, estando o dito accionador de agrafos adaptado para accionamento dos fixadores através do tecido e para a primeira maxila. ΕΡ 1 198 201/ΡΤ 6/6
- 26 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 25, em que o segundo veio rotativo (260) tem roscas exteriores para efectivação do movimento relativo das primeira e segunda maxilas (50, 80) entre a posição aberta e a posição fechada. 7 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 25, em que o primeiro veio rotativo (130) está adaptado para accionar simultaneamente a cunha (270) e a lâmina (51).
- 28 - Dispositivo de acordo com a reivindicação 1, 19 ou 25, em que a primeira maxila e a segunda maxila (50, 80) são mantidas numa relação substancialmente paralela entre a posição aberta e a posição fechada. Lisboa, 2009-02-09
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-
1999
- 1999-06-02 US US09/324,451 patent/US6315184B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-06-02 WO PCT/US2000/015267 patent/WO2000072762A1/en active Application Filing
- 2000-06-02 ES ES00939525T patent/ES2317842T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-02 EP EP00939525A patent/EP1198201B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-02 KR KR1020017015510A patent/KR100834807B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2000-06-02 AU AU54602/00A patent/AU5460200A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-06-02 JP JP2000620877A patent/JP4310508B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-02 AT AT00939525T patent/ATE415868T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-06-02 DE DE60040987T patent/DE60040987D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-02 PT PT00939525T patent/PT1198201E/pt unknown
-
2001
- 2001-11-13 US US10/010,955 patent/US6843403B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
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US6315184B1 (en) | 2001-11-13 |
KR100834807B1 (ko) | 2008-06-05 |
ES2317842T3 (es) | 2009-05-01 |
JP2004500151A (ja) | 2004-01-08 |
EP1198201A1 (en) | 2002-04-24 |
KR20020027335A (ko) | 2002-04-13 |
ATE415868T1 (de) | 2008-12-15 |
EP1198201B1 (en) | 2008-12-03 |
EP1198201A4 (en) | 2006-05-31 |
DE60040987D1 (de) | 2009-01-15 |
JP4310508B2 (ja) | 2009-08-12 |
AU5460200A (en) | 2000-12-18 |
US6843403B2 (en) | 2005-01-18 |
WO2000072762A1 (en) | 2000-12-07 |
US20020084304A1 (en) | 2002-07-04 |
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