PT1185243E - Composição de borracha de silicone antimicrobiana e processo de fabrico da referida composição - Google Patents

Composição de borracha de silicone antimicrobiana e processo de fabrico da referida composição Download PDF

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Publication number
PT1185243E
PT1185243E PT00942912T PT00942912T PT1185243E PT 1185243 E PT1185243 E PT 1185243E PT 00942912 T PT00942912 T PT 00942912T PT 00942912 T PT00942912 T PT 00942912T PT 1185243 E PT1185243 E PT 1185243E
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silicone rubber
rubber composition
silver
composition
organic matrix
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PT00942912T
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Bernhard Hanke
Tim Bast
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Bio Gate Ag
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    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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Description

DESCRIÇÃO
"COMPOSIÇÃO DE BORRACHA DE SILICONE ANTIMICROBIANA E PROCESSO DE FABRICO DA REFERIDA COMPOSIÇÃO"
CAMPO DA INVENÇÃO A presente invenção refere-se a uma composição de borracha de silicone antimicrobiana, curável.
ANTECEDENTES
As composições de borracha de silicone têm sido amplamente utilizadas na indústria para uma vasta variedade de diferentes aplicações. Estas aplicações incluem, por exemplo, pegas para panelas, tampas para objectivas fotográficas, punhos de bicicletas, preventivos anti-deslize para óculos, vários tecidos de borracha e tecidos revestidos com borracha, tais como, lençóis e cortinas que são utilizadas, por exemplo, em hospitais. As composições de borracha de silicone são ainda utilizadas como tubos e protecção em recipientes com fins alimentares e vários tipos de aplicações higiénicas.
Em muitas destas aplicações, existe uma procura de eficácia fungicida e antimicrobiana das composições de borracha de silicone. Esta procura deriva do facto de muitos dos ambientes de utilização serem propensos a contaminação microbiana ou fúngica. Por exemplo, esses ambientes de utilização incluem a presença de superfícies contaminadas tal 1 como e/ou a presença de humidade ambiente em combinação com temperaturas ambientes ou mesmo superiores.
No pedido de patente japonesa 7-65149, apresentado em 28 de Fevereiro de 1995, foi sugerida a incorporação de um agente antimicrobiano inorgânico numa composição de borracha de silicone, compreendendo o agente uma carga de prata num material inorgânico, tal como um zeólito, um fosfato de zircónio ou um fosfato de cálcio. No entanto, essas composições de borracha de silicone apenas são capazes de libertar os átomos de prata sob a forma iónica e, portanto, são citotóxicas. É, portanto, um objectivo da presente invenção proporcionar uma composição de borracha de silicone que ultrapasse as desvantagens das composições de borracha de silicone da técnica anterior. É, ainda, um objectivo da presente invenção proporcionar uma composição de borracha de silicone que seja antimicrobiana por libertação de átomos de prata. É, ainda, um objectivo da presente invenção proporcionar uma composição de borracha de silicone que seja antimicrobianamente eficaz embora não sendo citotóxica.
SUMÁRIO DA INVENÇÃO A presente invenção proporciona uma composição de borracha de silicone curável antimicrobiana, compreendendo, pelo menos numa porção da superfície exposta da referida composição, uma matriz orgânica contendo partículas de prata metálica possuindo 2 um tamanho de partícula na gama de 1 a 50 nm (nanopartículas de prata) , dispersas homogeneamente, numa quantidade que proporciona, na superfície da referida composição, um efeito antimicrobiano eficaz, mas inferior à concentração citotóxica de prata, de mais que 1 nmol/L a menos que 1 ymol/L em pelo menos uma porção da superfície da referida composição. A presente invenção ainda proporciona uma composição de borracha de silicone de acordo com as reivindicações 1 a 2, caracterizada por a referida matriz orgânica compreender as referidas nanopartículas de prata numa quantidade de 1 a 2000 ppm, de um modo preferido, 5 a 1000 ppm e, de um modo mais preferido, 10 a 250 ppm. A presente invenção também proporciona uma composição de borracha de silicone caracterizada por compreender nanopartículas de prata possuindo um tamanho de partícula de 2 a 20 nm, de um modo preferido, 5 a 10 nm. A presente invenção ainda proporciona uma composição de borracha de silicone caracterizada por a referida matriz orgânica fluída compreender um fluído orgânico em que as referidas nanopartículas de prata estão dispersas. A presente invenção também proporciona uma composição de borracha de silicone caracterizada por o referido fluído orgânico viscoso compreender um hidrocarboneto alifático ou aromático, um óleo mineral, vaselina, glicerol, um álcool gordo, polipropilenoglicol, um óleo ou gordura animal e/ou vegetal ou um óleo de silicone. 3 A presente invenção ainda proporciona um método de produzir uma composição de borracha de silicone antimicrobiana, curável compreendendo os passos de: proporcionar uma composição de borracha de silicone curável, proporcionar uma matriz orgânica liquida compreendendo prata metálica possuindo um tamanho de partícula na gama de 1 a 50 nm, misturar a referida matriz orgânica líquida com a referida composição de borracha de silicone, numa quantidade que proporcione um efeito antimicrobiano mas inferior à concentração de prata citotóxica, de mais que 1 nmol/L a menos que 1 ymol/L, em pelo menos uma porção da superfície da referida composição, opcionalmente curar a mistura da referida composição com a referida matriz orgânica.
DESCRIÇÃO DETALHADA DA INVENÇÃO
Foi surpreendentemente descoberto que a composição de borracha de silicone antimicrobiana da presente invenção apresenta uma excelente actividade antimicrobiana e fungicida não provocando qualquer citotoxicidade e é activa contra um largo espectro de micróbios, sem qualquer indicação de resistência, devido às quantidades muito pequenas de prata libertada da superfície da referida composição de borracha de silicone durante um longo período. Com base nestes dados, os 4 produtos para o cuidado do corpo da presente invenção são idealmente adequados para aplicações em que a referida composição seja utilizada sob condições que permitam a proliferação de micróbios e fungos.
Para efeitos da presente invenção, a eficácia antimicrobiana, i. e., actividade contra um largo espectro de micróbios, pode ser quantificada, por exemplo, por métodos, tais como os descritos em "Der Erlanger Silberkatheter: In-vitro Ergebnisse zur antimikrobiellen Wirksamkeit" em Infection 26 (1998) Supl. 1, edição Alemã, páginas 25 a 31.
Para efeitos da presente invenção, a citotoxicidade pode ser quantificada, por exemplo, por métodos, tais como os descritos em "Untersuchung der akuten Zitotoxizitát des Erlanger Silberkatheters zur Bestimmung der Biokompatibilitãt" em Infection 26 (1998) Supl. 1, edição Alemã, páginas 36 a 39.
De acordo com uma forma de realização preferida da presente invenção são proporcionadas as referidas nanoparticulas de prata dispersas na referida matriz de borracha de silicone numa tal quantidade que uma concentração de prata de mais de 1 nmol/L a menos que 1 ymol/L, especialmente quando em contacto com fluidos aquosos presentes na superfície da composição da presente invenção.
De um modo preferido, pelo menos as superfícies expostas da composição de borracha de silicone da presente invenção compreendem as referidas nanoparticulas de prata numa quantidade de 1 a 2000 ppm, de um modo preferido, de 5 a 1000 ppm e, de um modo mais preferido, de 10 a 250 ppm. 5
As nanopartículas de prata homogeneamente distribuídas na referida matriz de borracha de silicone, de um modo preferido, possuem um tamanho de partícula de, pelo menos, 2 nm, de um modo mais preferido, de pelo menos 5 nm. Adicionalmente, as nanopartículas de prata dispersas, de um modo preferido, possuem um tamanho de partícula de não mais que 2 0 nm, de um modo mais preferido, não mais que 10 nm e de um modo muito preferido, não mais que 8 nm. A matriz de borracha de silicone na qual as referidas nanopartículas de prata estão então homogeneamente dispersas pode ser sólida ou fluida. O termo fluida inclui líquidos e semi-sólidos e cobre uma gama de viscosidade desde 5 a 5000 mPa.s, de um modo preferido, 5 a 500 mPa.s, medidos a 60 °C e utilizando um viscosímetro rotacional (tal como um viscosímetro de Brookfield) a 60 rpm utilizando um eixo número 2.
De acordo com uma forma de realização da presente invenção, pelo menos uma das superfícies expostas da composição de borracha de silicone da presente invenção compreende uma matriz orgânica fluida em que as referidas nanopartículas de prata estão homogeneamente dispersas. A referida matriz orgânica fluida é, de um modo preferido, um fluído orgânico viscoso possuindo uma viscosidade como acima referido e compreende, de um modo preferido, hidrocarbonetos alifáticos ou aromáticos, um óleo mineral, vaselina, glicerol, um álcool gordo, polipropilenoglicol, um óleo ou gordura animal e/ou vegetal ou um óleo de silicone. Especialmente preferidos são os óleos, í. e., polisiloxanos, tais como, compostos polimetilsiloxano com o grupo fenilo funcionalizado possuindo uma viscosidade, a 37 °C, que varia entre 5 e 5000 mPa.s, de um modo mais preferido, 5 a 2000 mPa.s, como medido com o viscosímetro 6 preferido acima referido, a uma temperatura de 37 °C. Um óleo de silicone adequado está disponível comercialmente em Dow Corning Corporation, Michigan, EUA, sob a designação DC556 poli dimetil silicone, grau cosmético (Dimethicone). A incorporação de nanoparticulas de prata pode ser feita com um dispositivo, tal como o divulgado na patente Alemã 4440521, utilizando um método que envolve a evaporação, por vácuo, de prata metálica num liquido, numa câmara de vácuo, na qual o fluido orgânico corre ao longo do exterior de um cilindro. Isto permite a preparação de uma matriz orgânica liquida compreendendo uma dispersão homogénea extremamente fina de nanoparticulas de prata possuindo um tamanho de partícula de cerca de 5 nm. Esta matriz orgânica líquida contendo prata pode ser utilizada quer para cobrir parte do produto para o tratamento do corpo da presente invenção que contacte a pele e/quer para impregnar ou para incorporar por mistura no material que proporciona a referida superfície, feito de, por exemplo, polivinilbenzol, polietileno, polipropileno ou oligómeros cremosos, tais como vaselina branca.
Uma composição de borracha líquida adequada compreende 100 partes em peso de borracha do tipo organopolisiloxano em que a unidade média é representada por
RaSÍO(4-a) /2 (em que R é um radical hidrocarboneto monovalente substituído ou não-substituído e a varia entre 1,95 e 2,05), 10 - 100 partes em peso de sílica húmida com uma área superficial específica de 50 metros quadrados por grama, ou superior, e uma quantidade suficiente de um agente endurecedor. 7
Em princípio, todas as composições de borracha de silicone conhecidas na técnica podem ser tornadas antimicrobianas ou fungicidas pelos meios aqui descritos.
Exemplo
Foi produzida uma suspensão contendo nanopartículas de prata, com um tamanho individual que varia entre 5 e 5 0 nm, através de evaporação térmica da prata numa base de óleo de silicone líquida. 0 óleo de silicone contendo as nanopartículas de prata foi, depois, incorporado numa borracha de silicone obtida por adição, condensação e reticulação, proporcionando um artigo de conforto infantil. 0 artigo de conforto infantil ou silenciador demonstrou eficiência fungicida e antibacteriana quando continha nanopartículas de prata a 50 ppm, quando adicionadas directamente a um dos componentes antes da reticulação. As amostras foram colocadas sobre agar com sal mineral (não nutriente) e inoculadas com uma mistura de esporos de fungos das espécies Aspergillus niger e Penicillium pinophilium, Chaetomium globosum, Aureobasidium pullulans e Gliocadium virens. Após 28 dias de incubação a 28 °C, não se observou crescimento de nenhum microrganismo.
Lisboa, 31 de Julho de 2007

Claims (6)

  1. REIVINDICAÇÕES 1. Composição de borracha de silicone curável, antimicrobiana compreendendo, em pelo menos uma porção das superfícies expostas da referida composição, uma matriz orgânica contendo partículas de prata metálica homogeneamente dispersas com um tamanho de partícula na gama de 1 e 50 nm (nanopartículas de prata) numa quantidade que proporcione um efeito antimicrobiano mas inferior à concentração de prata citotóxica, de mais que 1 nmol/L a menos que 1 pmol/L, em pelo menos uma porção da superfície da referida composição.
  2. 2. Composição de borracha de silicone de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizada por a referida composição compreender as referidas nanopartículas de prata numa quantidade de cerca de 1 a 2000 ppm, de um modo preferido, 5 a 1000 ppm e, de um modo mais preferido, 10 a 250 ppm.
  3. 3. Composição de borracha de silicone de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 e 2, caracterizada por compreender nanopartículas de prata possuindo um tamanho de partícula de 2 a 20 nm, de um modo preferido, 5 a 10 nm.
  4. 4. Composição de borracha de silicone de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações anteriores, caracterizada por compreender na referida matriz orgânica um fluido orgânico em que as referidas nanopartículas de prata estão dispersas. 1
  5. 5. Composição de borracha de silicone de acordo com a reivindicação 4, caracterizada por o referido fluido orgânico viscoso compreender um hidrocarboneto alifático ou aromático, um óleo mineral, vaselina, glicerol, um álcool gordo, polipropilenoglicol, um óleo ou gordura animal e/ou vegetal ou um óleo de silicone.
  6. 6. Método para produzir uma composição de borracha de silicone curável, antimicrobiana compreendendo os passos de: - proporcionar uma composição de borracha de silicone curável, proporcionar uma matriz orgânica liquida compreendendo prata metálica possuindo um tamanho de partícula na gama de 1 a 50 nm, - misturar a referida matriz orgânica líquida com a referida composição de borracha de silicone, numa quantidade que proporcione um efeito antimicrobiano mas inferior à concentração de prata citotóxica, de mais que 1 nmol/L a menos que 1 ymol/L, em pelo menos uma porção da superfície da referida composição, - opcionalmente curar a mistura da referida composição com a referida matriz orgânica. Lisboa, 31 de Julho de 2007 2
PT00942912T 1999-06-17 2000-06-16 Composição de borracha de silicone antimicrobiana e processo de fabrico da referida composição PT1185243E (pt)

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