NO862166L - Formet gjenstand av celluloseester, fremgangsmaate og apparat for fremstilling av denne og anvendelse av denne. - Google Patents
Formet gjenstand av celluloseester, fremgangsmaate og apparat for fremstilling av denne og anvendelse av denne.Info
- Publication number
- NO862166L NO862166L NO862166A NO862166A NO862166L NO 862166 L NO862166 L NO 862166L NO 862166 A NO862166 A NO 862166A NO 862166 A NO862166 A NO 862166A NO 862166 L NO862166 L NO 862166L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- bath
- spinning
- fiber
- cellulose
- extruded
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 52
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title claims description 46
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 122
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 108
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- -1 aliphatic ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920008347 Cellulose acetate propionate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cellulose propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OCC1OC(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C1OC1C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(COC(=O)CC)O1 DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006217 cellulose acetate butyrate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001727 cellulose butyrate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006218 cellulose propionate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940116333 ethyl lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- KERBAAIBDHEFDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethylformamide Chemical compound CCNC=O KERBAAIBDHEFDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007378 ring spinning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 30
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 22
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 21
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 16
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 10
- XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N limonene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1CCC(C)=CC1 XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 9
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002166 wet spinning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940087305 limonene Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 235000001510 limonene Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 5
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N (+)-Neomenthol Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C)C[C@@H]1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N DL-menthol Natural products CC(C)C1CCC(C)CC1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229920006221 acetate fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229940041616 menthol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- OVARTBFNCCXQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-one;hydrate Chemical compound O.CC(C)=O OVARTBFNCCXQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- QHMGJGNTMQDRQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dotriacontane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC QHMGJGNTMQDRQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetin Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JSZOAYXJRCEYSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitropropane Chemical compound CCC[N+]([O-])=O JSZOAYXJRCEYSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920013683 Celanese Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001503 Glucan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010021639 Incontinence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOCUXOWLYLLJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[S] Chemical class [O].[S] XOCUXOWLYLLJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMBWDDDYLYNBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;propan-2-one;hydrate Chemical compound O.CC(C)=O.CC(O)=O ZMBWDDDYLYNBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003811 acetone extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- AQEDFGUKQJUMBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound [Cu].NCCN AQEDFGUKQJUMBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012458 free base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002240 furans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001087 glyceryl triacetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013773 glyceryl triacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N levoglucosan Chemical group O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2CO[C@@H]1O2 TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002688 maleic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002175 menstrual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- NASFKTWZWDYFER-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na] NASFKTWZWDYFER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- SFVFIFLLYFPGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-M stearalkonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 SFVFIFLLYFPGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
- D01F2/24—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
- D01F2/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
- A24D3/10—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent of cellulose or cellulose derivatives
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/24—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a hollow structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/739,946 US4744932A (en) | 1985-05-31 | 1985-05-31 | Process for forming a skinless hollow fiber of a cellulose ester |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO862166L true NO862166L (no) | 1986-12-01 |
Family
ID=24974443
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO862166A NO862166L (no) | 1985-05-31 | 1986-05-30 | Formet gjenstand av celluloseester, fremgangsmaate og apparat for fremstilling av denne og anvendelse av denne. |
Country Status (25)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4744932A (es) |
| EP (1) | EP0204512A3 (es) |
| JP (2) | JPS61282415A (es) |
| KR (1) | KR930009830B1 (es) |
| CN (1) | CN1010861B (es) |
| AU (1) | AU5786686A (es) |
| BR (1) | BR8602509A (es) |
| CA (1) | CA1278907C (es) |
| DD (1) | DD258627A5 (es) |
| DK (1) | DK254586A (es) |
| ES (2) | ES8706037A1 (es) |
| FI (1) | FI862311A (es) |
| GR (1) | GR861404B (es) |
| HU (1) | HUT44294A (es) |
| IL (1) | IL78911A0 (es) |
| MA (1) | MA20699A1 (es) |
| MT (1) | MTP986B (es) |
| MW (1) | MW4286A1 (es) |
| MX (1) | MX169588B (es) |
| NO (1) | NO862166L (es) |
| PT (1) | PT82679B (es) |
| TR (1) | TR23065A (es) |
| ZA (1) | ZA863755B (es) |
| ZM (1) | ZM4386A1 (es) |
| ZW (1) | ZW10286A1 (es) |
Families Citing this family (52)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0263531A (ja) * | 1988-05-30 | 1990-03-02 | Terumo Corp | 中空糸膜の製造方法 |
| US4970034A (en) * | 1988-09-23 | 1990-11-13 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Process for preparing isotropic microporous polysulfone membranes |
| US4971078A (en) * | 1989-08-15 | 1990-11-20 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Filter for a smoking article containing a flavored hollow fiber |
| US5096585A (en) * | 1991-01-28 | 1992-03-17 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Process for preparing protein non-adsorptive microporous polysulfone membranes |
| US5076916A (en) * | 1991-02-04 | 1991-12-31 | Hoechst Celanese Corp. | Device for separating fluid from a fiber following contact |
| US5151227A (en) * | 1991-03-18 | 1992-09-29 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Process for continuous spinning of hollow-fiber membranes using a solvent mixture as a precipitation medium |
| KR960011587B1 (ko) * | 1991-05-21 | 1996-08-24 | 브라운 유니버시티 리서치 파운데이션 | 중공섬유 제조장치와 중공섬유 |
| US5181940A (en) * | 1991-08-01 | 1993-01-26 | Union Carbide Industrial Gases Technology Corporation | Hollow fiber membranes |
| FR2700772A1 (fr) * | 1993-01-27 | 1994-07-29 | Michelin Rech Tech | Composition, susceptible de donner des fibres ou des films, à base de formiate de cellulose. |
| US5624561A (en) * | 1993-07-28 | 1997-04-29 | Toyo Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha | Cellulose acetate hemodialysis membrane |
| JP3420359B2 (ja) * | 1994-10-21 | 2003-06-23 | ダイセル化学工業株式会社 | たばこ煙用フィルター素材、繊維状セルロースエステル及びその製造方法 |
| US5743251A (en) * | 1996-05-15 | 1998-04-28 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Aerosol and a method and apparatus for generating an aerosol |
| US6234167B1 (en) | 1998-10-14 | 2001-05-22 | Chrysalis Technologies, Incorporated | Aerosol generator and methods of making and using an aerosol generator |
| WO2000029194A1 (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 2000-05-25 | Sunstar Giken Kabushiki Kaisha | Bead forming method and device |
| EP1127608A4 (en) * | 1999-05-31 | 2005-11-16 | Daicel Chem | HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE FROM CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES |
| US6883516B2 (en) | 2000-04-27 | 2005-04-26 | Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated | Method for generating an aerosol with a predetermined and/or substantially monodispersed particle size distribution |
| MY136453A (en) * | 2000-04-27 | 2008-10-31 | Philip Morris Usa Inc | "improved method and apparatus for generating an aerosol" |
| US7077130B2 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2006-07-18 | Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated | Disposable inhaler system |
| US6701921B2 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2004-03-09 | Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated | Aerosol generator having heater in multilayered composite and method of use thereof |
| US6799572B2 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2004-10-05 | Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated | Disposable aerosol generator system and methods for administering the aerosol |
| US6491233B2 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2002-12-10 | Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated | Vapor driven aerosol generator and method of use thereof |
| US6501052B2 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2002-12-31 | Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated | Aerosol generator having multiple heating zones and methods of use thereof |
| US6681998B2 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2004-01-27 | Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated | Aerosol generator having inductive heater and method of use thereof |
| US6616912B2 (en) | 2001-01-05 | 2003-09-09 | Spectrum Laboratories, Inc. | Bi-component microporous hollow fiber membrane structure for in vivo propagation of cells |
| SG99371A1 (en) * | 2001-08-17 | 2003-10-27 | Environmental Technology Inst | Hollow fiber membrane for the treatment of waste lubricants and method for its production |
| US6568390B2 (en) | 2001-09-21 | 2003-05-27 | Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated | Dual capillary fluid vaporizing device |
| US6640050B2 (en) | 2001-09-21 | 2003-10-28 | Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated | Fluid vaporizing device having controlled temperature profile heater/capillary tube |
| US6804458B2 (en) | 2001-12-06 | 2004-10-12 | Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated | Aerosol generator having heater arranged to vaporize fluid in fluid passage between bonded layers of laminate |
| US6681769B2 (en) | 2001-12-06 | 2004-01-27 | Crysalis Technologies Incorporated | Aerosol generator having a multiple path heater arrangement and method of use thereof |
| US6701922B2 (en) | 2001-12-20 | 2004-03-09 | Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated | Mouthpiece entrainment airflow control for aerosol generators |
| AU2003209418A1 (en) * | 2002-01-29 | 2003-09-02 | Amersham Biosciences Membrane Separations Corp. | Spiraled surface hollow fiber membranes |
| CA2473286A1 (en) * | 2002-01-29 | 2003-08-07 | Attila Herczeg | Spiraled surface hollow fiber membranes |
| US7074170B2 (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2006-07-11 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Method and apparatus for making cigarette filters with a centrally located flavored element |
| US7759540B2 (en) * | 2002-07-23 | 2010-07-20 | Paragon Trade Brands, Llc | Absorbent articles containing absorbent cores having zoned absorbency and methods of making same |
| US7367334B2 (en) | 2003-08-27 | 2008-05-06 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Fluid vaporizing device having controlled temperature profile heater/capillary tube |
| US20080296808A1 (en) * | 2004-06-29 | 2008-12-04 | Yong Lak Joo | Apparatus and Method for Producing Electrospun Fibers |
| US7553440B2 (en) * | 2005-05-12 | 2009-06-30 | Leonard William K | Method and apparatus for electric treatment of substrates |
| GB0517551D0 (en) * | 2005-08-27 | 2005-10-05 | Acetate Products Ltd | Process for making filter tow |
| US20070074733A1 (en) * | 2005-10-04 | 2007-04-05 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Cigarettes having hollow fibers |
| US7878210B2 (en) * | 2007-06-04 | 2011-02-01 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Cellulose acetate fiber modification |
| US8113215B2 (en) * | 2007-06-21 | 2012-02-14 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Smoking article filter having liquid additive containing tubes therein |
| WO2009042768A1 (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-04-02 | University Of Pittsburgh-Of The Commonwealth System Of Higher Education | Triggerably dissolvable hollow fibers for controlled delivery |
| EP2110031A1 (en) | 2008-04-18 | 2009-10-21 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Filter making apparatus |
| US8393334B2 (en) * | 2008-06-02 | 2013-03-12 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Smoking article with transparent section |
| US8308623B2 (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2012-11-13 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Apparatus for enhancing a filter component of a smoking article, and associated method |
| CN102423129A (zh) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-04-25 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种中空纤维香烟滤嘴的制备方法 |
| CN103720042B (zh) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-10-21 | 苏州鑫帛泰纺织科研有限公司 | 多孔中空纤维香烟滤嘴 |
| JP5982412B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-12 | 2016-08-31 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 繊維製造方法及び不織布製造方法並びに繊維製造設備及び不織布製造設備 |
| DE102019135114A1 (de) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-24 | Cerdia International GmbH | Filter- und/oder füllmaterial für mundstücke zur verwendung mit rauchwaren oder hnb-produkten, mundstücke und zigarettenfilter mit einem solchen filter- und/oder füllmaterial sowie verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen filter- und/oder füllmaterials |
| JPWO2022092067A1 (es) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-05-05 | ||
| US20230008772A1 (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2023-01-12 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Spinneret, blowing system and method for producing hollow fibers |
| CN115897242A (zh) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-04-04 | 厦门安踏体育用品有限公司 | 一种微多孔辐射制冷纱线及面料及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (32)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2416291A (en) * | 1942-11-14 | 1947-02-25 | American Viscose Corp | Method and apparatus for spinning synthetic shapes |
| US2536092A (en) * | 1946-09-21 | 1951-01-02 | American Viscose Corp | Method and apparatus for wet spinning of artificial filaments |
| US2825120A (en) * | 1954-05-11 | 1958-03-04 | Eastman Kodak Co | Synthetic filament |
| BE538171A (es) * | 1954-06-17 | |||
| US2828752A (en) * | 1954-08-16 | 1958-04-01 | Eastman Kodak Co | Fibrous tobacco smoke filters |
| US2916777A (en) * | 1954-09-16 | 1959-12-15 | Eastman Kodak Co | Improved method of extruding a tobacco smoke filter |
| FR1165860A (fr) * | 1955-01-07 | 1958-10-30 | Eastman Kodak Co | Procédé et filière pour la fabrication de filaments et fibres synthétiques, nouveaux produits textiles obtenus et leurs applications |
| NL96619C (es) * | 1956-04-11 | |||
| US3311115A (en) * | 1963-10-29 | 1967-03-28 | Buckeye Cellulose Corp | Low density aerosol filter |
| US3724672A (en) * | 1970-07-27 | 1973-04-03 | R Leonard | Asymmetric hollow fiber membranes and method of fabrication |
| US3939849A (en) * | 1970-11-18 | 1976-02-24 | Monsanto Chemicals Limited | Filter elements |
| DE2164422A1 (de) * | 1970-12-24 | 1972-07-13 | Asahi Kasei Kogaku Kogyo K.K., Osaka (Japan) | Synthese-Faser und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| US4007745A (en) * | 1971-03-23 | 1977-02-15 | Celanese Corporation | Filter |
| JPS5193786A (en) * | 1975-02-15 | 1976-08-17 | Makurokagatano chukuseni | |
| US4127625A (en) * | 1975-03-27 | 1978-11-28 | Daicel Ltd. | Process for preparing hollow fiber having selective gas permeability |
| US4035459A (en) * | 1975-05-01 | 1977-07-12 | Chemical Systems, Inc. | Process for spinning dry-fiber cellulose acetate hollow fiber membranes |
| JPS5215627A (en) * | 1975-07-09 | 1977-02-05 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | Porous polypropylene hollow fibers and a process for manufacturing the m |
| JPS6033844B2 (ja) * | 1975-07-24 | 1985-08-05 | 大日本インキ化学工業株式会社 | 分散樹脂組成物の製法 |
| GB1566581A (en) * | 1975-12-29 | 1980-05-08 | Nippon Zeon Co | Hollow fibres and methods of manufacturing such fibres |
| US4076933A (en) * | 1976-02-27 | 1978-02-28 | International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation | Process for producing a regenerated shaped cellulosic fiber |
| JPS5318920A (en) * | 1976-08-06 | 1978-02-21 | Hitachi Ltd | Pattern compression system |
| US4283186A (en) * | 1976-10-06 | 1981-08-11 | Celanese Corporation | Method of forming cigarette filter material |
| JPS5399400A (en) * | 1977-02-10 | 1978-08-30 | Mitsubishi Acetate Co Ltd | Fibrous cigarette filter |
| JPS5812932B2 (ja) * | 1977-06-30 | 1983-03-10 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | 中空繊維の製造方法 |
| GB2009667B (en) * | 1977-12-09 | 1982-05-12 | Mitsubishi Acetate Co Ltd | Surface-modified cellulose acetate filaments and a process for producing the same |
| US4282890A (en) * | 1978-03-13 | 1981-08-11 | Celanese Corporation | Open cell structure foamed cellulose acetate filters |
| FR2437241A1 (fr) * | 1978-09-29 | 1980-04-25 | Ugine Kuhlmann | Agent de nettoyage dispersant des hydrocarbures en milieu marin |
| JPS5584412A (en) * | 1978-12-20 | 1980-06-25 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | Production of hollow fiber |
| US4361617A (en) * | 1979-07-26 | 1982-11-30 | Teijin Limited | Hollow water-absorbing polyester filaments and a process for producing the same |
| JPS5782514A (en) * | 1980-11-04 | 1982-05-24 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | Porous cellulose acetate fiber and its preparation |
| JPS5955308A (ja) * | 1982-09-21 | 1984-03-30 | Toyobo Co Ltd | ガス分離膜 |
| JPS60806A (ja) * | 1983-06-17 | 1985-01-05 | Teijin Ltd | 血漿アルブミン選択透過性中空糸膜の製造法 |
-
1985
- 1985-05-31 US US06/739,946 patent/US4744932A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1986
- 1986-05-15 CA CA000509211A patent/CA1278907C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-05-19 ZW ZW102/86A patent/ZW10286A1/xx unknown
- 1986-05-20 ZA ZA863755A patent/ZA863755B/xx unknown
- 1986-05-21 HU HU862158A patent/HUT44294A/hu unknown
- 1986-05-23 AU AU57866/86A patent/AU5786686A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1986-05-26 IL IL78911A patent/IL78911A0/xx unknown
- 1986-05-26 MX MX002601A patent/MX169588B/es unknown
- 1986-05-26 MW MW42/86A patent/MW4286A1/xx unknown
- 1986-05-28 ZM ZM43/86A patent/ZM4386A1/xx unknown
- 1986-05-29 EP EP86304073A patent/EP0204512A3/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-05-29 MT MT986A patent/MTP986B/xx unknown
- 1986-05-29 DD DD86290728A patent/DD258627A5/de unknown
- 1986-05-29 GR GR861404A patent/GR861404B/el unknown
- 1986-05-30 BR BR8602509A patent/BR8602509A/pt unknown
- 1986-05-30 ES ES555519A patent/ES8706037A1/es not_active Expired
- 1986-05-30 PT PT82679A patent/PT82679B/pt unknown
- 1986-05-30 JP JP61123851A patent/JPS61282415A/ja active Pending
- 1986-05-30 DK DK254586A patent/DK254586A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1986-05-30 KR KR1019860004267A patent/KR930009830B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-05-30 TR TR288/86A patent/TR23065A/xx unknown
- 1986-05-30 FI FI862311A patent/FI862311A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1986-05-30 MA MA20925A patent/MA20699A1/fr unknown
- 1986-05-30 NO NO862166A patent/NO862166L/no unknown
- 1986-05-31 CN CN86103913A patent/CN1010861B/zh not_active Expired
-
1987
- 1987-02-04 ES ES557367A patent/ES8707872A1/es not_active Expired
-
1994
- 1994-09-05 JP JP6245752A patent/JPH07170962A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GR861404B (en) | 1986-09-26 |
| MTP986B (en) | 1988-10-18 |
| FI862311A (fi) | 1986-12-01 |
| ZM4386A1 (en) | 1986-12-29 |
| ES555519A0 (es) | 1987-06-01 |
| DK254586D0 (da) | 1986-05-30 |
| EP0204512A3 (en) | 1989-01-25 |
| ZW10286A1 (en) | 1986-11-12 |
| HUT44294A (en) | 1988-02-29 |
| ES8707872A1 (es) | 1987-09-01 |
| PT82679A (en) | 1986-06-01 |
| CA1278907C (en) | 1991-01-15 |
| KR860009162A (ko) | 1986-12-20 |
| MW4286A1 (en) | 1988-08-10 |
| MA20699A1 (fr) | 1986-12-31 |
| IL78911A0 (en) | 1986-09-30 |
| EP0204512A2 (en) | 1986-12-10 |
| MX169588B (es) | 1993-07-14 |
| PT82679B (en) | 1987-12-14 |
| JPS61282415A (ja) | 1986-12-12 |
| ES557367A0 (es) | 1987-09-01 |
| CN1010861B (zh) | 1990-12-19 |
| DK254586A (da) | 1986-12-01 |
| ES8706037A1 (es) | 1987-06-01 |
| ZA863755B (en) | 1987-01-28 |
| TR23065A (tr) | 1989-02-03 |
| KR930009830B1 (ko) | 1993-10-11 |
| DD258627A5 (de) | 1988-07-27 |
| CN86103913A (zh) | 1987-02-04 |
| US4744932A (en) | 1988-05-17 |
| FI862311A0 (fi) | 1986-05-30 |
| JPH07170962A (ja) | 1995-07-11 |
| AU5786686A (en) | 1986-12-04 |
| BR8602509A (pt) | 1987-01-27 |
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