KR970005372A - 고 투과성 복합 역삼투막 - Google Patents

고 투과성 복합 역삼투막 Download PDF

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KR970005372A
KR970005372A KR1019960027265A KR19960027265A KR970005372A KR 970005372 A KR970005372 A KR 970005372A KR 1019960027265 A KR1019960027265 A KR 1019960027265A KR 19960027265 A KR19960027265 A KR 19960027265A KR 970005372 A KR970005372 A KR 970005372A
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reverse osmosis
osmosis membrane
composite reverse
skin layer
polyamide
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KR1019960027265A
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KR100424396B1 (ko
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마사히코 히로세
히로키 이토
가즈오 다나카
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가마이 고로
닛토 덴코 가부시키가이샤
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Priority claimed from JP7169707A external-priority patent/JP3025629B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP17745495A external-priority patent/JP3489913B2/ja
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
    • B01D67/0088—Physical treatment with compounds, e.g. swelling, coating or impregnation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
    • B01D61/026—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration comprising multiple reverse osmosis steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0006—Organic membrane manufacture by chemical reactions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
    • B01D69/1214—Chemically bonded layers, e.g. cross-linking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
    • B01D69/125—In situ manufacturing by polymerisation, polycondensation, cross-linking or chemical reaction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
    • B01D69/125—In situ manufacturing by polymerisation, polycondensation, cross-linking or chemical reaction
    • B01D69/1251—In situ manufacturing by polymerisation, polycondensation, cross-linking or chemical reaction by interfacial polymerisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/06—Organic material
    • B01D71/56—Polyamides, e.g. polyester-amides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
    • B01D2323/30—Cross-linking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/04—Characteristic thickness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/16—Membrane materials having positively charged functional groups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/20—Specific permeability or cut-off range
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/34—Molecular weight or degree of polymerisation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명의 복합 역삼투막은 비표면적이 3∼1000인 폴리아미드계 스킨층을 갖고 있으며, 염저지율 및 수투과성이 우수하다. 본 발명의 복합 역삼투막은 다작용성 아미노 그룹을 갖는 화합물과 다작용성 산할로겐화물 그룹을 갖는 다작용성 산할로겐화물을 반응시켜서 얻은 음전하를 띤 가교폴리아미드계 스킨층과, 상기 스킨층을 지지하는 미다공성 지지체로 구성되며, 상기 스킨층의 비표면적이 3이상이다. 역삼투처리의 제1단계는 상기 복합 역삼투막을 사용하는 막모듈내에서 수행된다. 스킨층을 양전하를 띤 그룹을 갖는 유기 중합체, 예를 들면 폴리에틸렌이민 층으로 피복하여 또 하나의 막모듈로서 사용될 수 있다. 예를 들면, 상기 유기 중합체를 글루타르 알데히드로 가교시킨다. 표면상에 가교피복된 층은 저농도 영역에서의 무기염의 탈염성 및 양이온성 유기물의 배제성이 우수한 복합 역삼투막을 실현시킨다.

Description

고 투과성 복합 역삼투막
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
제1도는 본 발명의 제2실시예 및 제3실시예에 사용된 다단식 역삼투처리공정을 도시하는 도면

Claims (11)

  1. 2개 이상의 반응성 아미노 그룹을 갖는 화합물과 2개 이상의 반응성 산할로겐화물 그룹을 갖는 다작용성 산할로겐화물의 반응생성물로 이루어진 폴리아미드계 스킨층과, 상기 폴리아미드계 스킨층을 지지하는 미다공정 지지체로 구성되며, 상기 폴리아미드계 스킨층의 비표면적이 3∼1000인 것을 특징으로 하는 고 투과성 복합 역삼투막.
  2. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 폴리아미드계 스킨층의 표면은 양전하를 띤 그룹을 갖는 유기 종합체의 가교층으로 도포되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 고 투과성 복합 역삼투막.
  3. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 양전하를 띤 그룹을 갖는 유기 중합체의 가교층은 4급 암모늄 그룹 및 하이드록실 그룹을 갖는 유기 중합체를 분자내 또는 분자간에서 가교시킨 유기 중합체인 것을 특징으로 하는 고 투과성 복합 역삼투막.
  4. 제2항에 있어서, 상기 양전하를 띤 그룹을 갖는 유기 중합체의 가교층은 가교 폴리에틸렌이민인 것을 특징으로 하는 고 투과성 복합 역삼투막.
  5. 제2항에 있어서, 상기 폴리에틸렌이민의 평균 분자량은 300 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 고 투과성 복합 역삼투막.
  6. 제2항에 있어서, 상기 양전하를 띤 그룹을 갖는 유기 중합체의 가교층의 두께는 1㎛∼10㎛인 것을 특징으로 하는 고 투과성 복합 역삼투막.
  7. 제2단이하로서 제2항의 고 투과성 복합 역삼투막으로 된 막모듈을 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다단식 역삼투처리장치.
  8. 제1항에 있어서, 2개 이상의 반응성 아미노 그룹을 갖는 화합물과 2개 이상의 반응성 산할로겐화물 그룹을 갖는 다작용성 산할로겐화물로 이루어진 그룹 중에서 선택된 화합물을 함유하는 하나이상의 용액에 용해도 파라미터가 8∼14(cal/㎤)1/2인 화합물을 계면중축합반응개시전에 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고 투과성 복합 역삼투막.
  9. 제8항에 있어서, 상기 용해도 파라미터가 8∼14(cal/㎤)1/2인 화합물은 알콜, 에테르, 케톤, 에스테르, 할로겐화 탄화수소, 질소함유화합물 및 황함유화합물로 구성된 그룹 중에서 선택된 하나이상의 화합물인 것을 특징으로 하는 고 투과성 복합 역삼투막.
  10. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 폴리아미드계 스킨층의 비표면적은 3.1∼500인 것을 특징으로 하는 고 투과성 복합 역삼투막.
  11. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 복합 역삼투막의 투과유속은 염화나트륨 500ppm을 함유하는 pH 6.5의 수용액을 25℃에서 조작압력 7.5kgf/㎠으로 1시간동안 투과시킨 후에는 0.65m3/(㎡·일) 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 고 투과성 복합 역삼투막.
KR1019960027265A 1995-07-05 1996-07-05 고투과성 복합 역삼투막 KR100424396B1 (ko)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7169707A JP3025629B2 (ja) 1995-07-05 1995-07-05 高透過性複合逆浸透膜
JP95-169707 1995-07-05
JP95-177454 1995-07-13
JP17745495A JP3489913B2 (ja) 1995-07-13 1995-07-13 高透過性複合逆浸透膜

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KR970005372A true KR970005372A (ko) 1997-02-19
KR100424396B1 KR100424396B1 (ko) 2004-06-30

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US (1) US5989426A (ko)
EP (1) EP0752266A3 (ko)
KR (1) KR100424396B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN1091639C (ko)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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