KR20030079926A - 미디어 객체를 통일적으로 추출하기 위한 시스템 - Google Patents

미디어 객체를 통일적으로 추출하기 위한 시스템 Download PDF

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KR20030079926A
KR20030079926A KR10-2003-7006821A KR20037006821A KR20030079926A KR 20030079926 A KR20030079926 A KR 20030079926A KR 20037006821 A KR20037006821 A KR 20037006821A KR 20030079926 A KR20030079926 A KR 20030079926A
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media object
format
media
extractor
compatible
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제니퍼 린 코라
브래드 스티븐 밀러
스콧 차오츄 리
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톰슨 라이센싱 소시에떼 아노님
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

멀티미디어 객체 또는 스트리밍 미디어 객체와 같은 미디어 객체로부터 메타데이터와 같은 정보를 추출하는 시스템 및 방법은 서로다른 포맷을 가지는 복수의 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하기 위해 단일 디바이스(44)를 사용한다. 이 미디어 객체는 그 포맷(40)을 결정하기 위해 검사된다. 이 미디어 객체는 이후 다중 포맷 익스트랙터(44)에 제공되며, 적절한 포맷에 따라 이 미디어 객체로부터 정보가 추출된다. 이 추출된 정보는 단일 데이터 구조로 컴파일(46)되어, 범용 데이터 구조의 포맷이 복수의 미디어 객체 포맷(30)과 호환가능하도록 한다.

Description

미디어 객체를 통일적으로 추출하기 위한 시스템{A SYSTEM FOR UNIFIED EXTRACTION OF MEDIA OBJECTS}
본 발명을 이해하기 위한 배경으로서, 인터넷{또한 월드 와이드 웹(World Wide Web) 또는 웹(Web)이라고도 말함}의 대중화에 기여하는 인터넷의 측면은 유저에게 이용가능한 과다한 멀티미디어와 스트리밍 미디어 파일에 있다. 하지만, 웹 상에서 수 백만의 파일 중에 묻혀있는 특정 멀티미디어나 스트리밍 미디어 파일을 찾는 것은 종종 극히 어려운 작업이다. 웹 상에서 이용가능한 정보 콘텐츠의 양과 다양성은 오히려 상당한 속도로 계속 증가하는 것 같다. 이러한 성장은 웹의 고도로 분산된 특성과 결합하여 특정 정보의 콘텐츠를 찾는데 상당한 어려움을 야기하고 있다.
스트리밍 미디어는, 인터넷이나 다른 네트워크 환경을 통해 유저 컴퓨터로 전송되며 전체 파일이 전송 완료되기 전에 유저의 컴퓨터 상에서 실행되기 시작하는, 오디오, 비디오, 멀티미디어, 텍스트, 및 대화형 데이터 파일을 일컫는다. 스트리밍 미디어의 한 가지 잇점은 이 스트리밍 미디어 파일이 전체 파일이 다운로딩되기 전에 실행이 시작될 수 있어, 유저로 하여금 일반적으로 전체 파일을 다운로딩하는데 드는 긴 대기 시간을 절약하게 한다는 것이다. 디지털 방식으로 기록된 음악, 영화, 예고편(trailer), 뉴스 리포트, 라디오 방송 및 라이브 이벤트는 웹 상에 스트리밍 콘텐츠를 증가시키는데 모두 기여해 왔다. 더욱이, 케이블, DSL, 및 T1과 같은 저 비용 고 대역 접속으로 인터넷 유저는 뉴스 구성, 헐리우드 스튜디오, 독립 프로듀서, 레코드 라벨 및 심지어 홈 유저로부터 스트리밍 미디어 콘텐츠에 보다 빠르게 보다 신뢰성 있게 접속할 수 있다.
유저는 일반적으로 검색 엔진을 통해 인터넷 상의 특정 정보를 검색한다. 검색 엔진은, 네트워크, 예를 들어, 로컬 영역 네트워크(LAN), 인터넷, 및 월드 와이드 웹 내의 네트워크 사이트에서 접속가능한 한 세트의 프로그램을 포함한다. "로봇(robot)"이나 "스파이더(spider)"라고 부르는 프로그램은 문헌(예를 들어, 웹 페이지)과 다른 프로그램을 찾아 네트워크를 예비로 횡단(pre-traverse)하며, 그리고 그 문헌에서 찾은 많은 키워드 색인 파일(index file of keyword)을 구축한다. 일반적으로, 유저는 하나 이상의 검색 용어(term)를 포함하는 질문(query)을 작성하며 그리고 검색 엔진의 다른 프로그램에 이 질문을 제출한다. 이에 응답하여, 검색 엔진은 자기의 색인 파일을 조사하며 검색 질문에 부합하는 문헌 리스트를, 일반적으로 하이퍼링크로서 디스플레이 한다. 이 때 유저는 이 하이퍼링크들 중에 어느 하나를 활성화시켜 문헌에 포함된 정보를 볼 수 있다.
멀티미디어와 스트리밍 미디어와 같은 미디어 파일을 검색할 때, 미디어 파일에 속하는 정보를 추출하는데 익스트랙터(extractor)가 사용된다. 미디어 객체(media object)라고도 부르는 미디어 파일은, WINDOW MEDIA PLAYER®및 REAL AUDIO®와 같은 여러 포맷으로 존재한다. 일반적으로 특정 미디어 포맷과만 호환가능한 고유한 익스트랙터가 사용된다. 예를 들어, WINDOW MEDIA PLAYER®포맷과 호환가능한 익스트랙터는 REAL AUDIO®포맷에서 포맷된 미디어 객체와는 호환되지 않는다. 또한 여러 미디어 객체에 포함된 메타데이터의 구조는 포맷마다 서로 다르다. 종래의 검색 시스템에서, 각 미디어 포맷은 미디어 객체로부터 관련 정보를 추출하는데 서로다른 익스트랙터를 요구한다. 추출된 출력은 이후 검색 색인을 형성하기 위하여 별도로 처리된다. 각 추출된 출력의 별도의 처리는 상당한 시스템 자원을 요구한다. 따라서, 이전에 진술된 결점과 단점으로 제한되지 않은 검색 시스템에 대한 요구가 존재한다.
본 발명의 분야는 일반적으로 컴퓨터와 관련된 정보 검색 및 탐색에 관한 것으로, 보다 구체적으로는 미디어 객체로부터 메타데이터를 추출하는 것에 관한 것이다.
도 1 은 상호 접속된 컴퓨터 시스템 네트워크의 시스템의 양식화된 개요도.
도 2 는 본 발명에 따라 통일된 추출(unified extraction)을 수행하기 위한 프로세스의 흐름도.
도 3 은 본 발명에 따라 통일된 익스트랙터의 기능 블록도.
본 발명의 목적은 미디어 객체 분류기, 익스트랙터 할당 에이전트, 다중 포맷 익스트랙터, 및 컴파일러를 포함하는 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하기 위한 시스템에 관한 것이다. 미디어 객체 분류기는 미디어 객체의 포맷을 결정한다. 익스트랙터 할당 에이전트는 결정된 포맷과 호환가능한 하나의 포맷 적응 익스트랙터(format compliant extractor)를 선택한다. 다중 포맷 익스트랙터는 복수의 익스트랙터를 포함하며, 이중 하나는 포맷 적응 익스트랙터이다. 포맷 적응익스트랙터는 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출한다. 컴파일러는 범용 데이터 구조(universal data structure)에 따라 추출된 정보를 컴파일하며, 여기서 범용 데이터 구조의 포맷은 복수의 미디어 객체 포맷과 호환가능하다.
본 발명은 첨부하는 도면과 연계하여 판독될 때 이하의 상세한 설명으로부터 가장 잘 이해될 수 있을 것이다. 도면의 여러 부분은 축척에 맞지 않을 수 있다.
인터넷은 하나의 컴퓨터에서 유저가 임의의 다른 컴퓨터로부터 정보를 얻고 다른 컴퓨터 유저와 통신할 수 있는 네트워크들 중 하나의 네트워크인 컴퓨터 네트워크의 월드 와이드 시스템이다. 인터넷 중 가장 널리 사용되는 부분은 월드 와이드 웹{종종 "WWW"로 단축 표시하거나 또는 "웹(Web)"이라고도 부름)이다. 웹의 두드러진 특징은 상호 참조(cross-referencing)의 방법인 하이퍼텍스트의 사용에 있다. 대부분의 웹 사이트에서, 주변의 텍스트와는 다른 색의 텍스트로 된 특정 단어(word)나 어구(phrase)가 보인다. 이 텍스트는 종종 밑줄이 그어져 있기도 하다. 때때로, "클릭가능한" 버튼, 이미지, 또는 이미지의 일부가 있다. 웹을 사용하여 수 백만의 정보 페이지에 접속할 수 있다. 웹 "서핑(surfing)"은 NETSCAPENAVIGATOR®및 MICROSOFT INTERNET EXPLORER®와 같은 웹 브라우저(Web browser)로 행해진다. 특정 웹사이트의 모양은 사용되는 특정 브라우저에 따라 약간 다를 수도 있다. 브라우저의 최신 버전들은 애니메이션, 가상 현실, 음향, 및 음악을 제공하는 "플러그인(plugin)"을 가지고 있다.
여기에서 사용되는 바와 같이, "미디어 파일"과 "미디어 객체"라는 용어는 오디오, 비디오, 텍스트, 멀티미디어 데이터 파일, 및 스트리밍 미디어 파일을 포함한다. 멀티미디어 파일은 텍스트, 이미지, 비디오, 및 오디오 데이터의 임의의 조합을 포함한다. 스트리밍 미디어는 오디오, 비디오, 멀티미디어, 텍스트, 및 대화형 데이터 파일을 포함하며, 이들은 인터넷이나 다른 통신 네트워크 환경을 통해 유저의 컴퓨터로 전송되며 전체 파일이 전송 완료되기 전에 유저의 컴퓨터/디바이스 상에서 실행되기 시작한다. 스트리밍 미디어의 한 가지 잇점은, 스트리밍 미디어 파일이 전체 파일이 다운로딩 되기 전에 실행되기 시작하여, 유저로 하여금 일반적으로 전체 파일을 다운로딩하는데 드는 긴 대기 시간을 절약하게 한다는 것이다. 디지털 방식으로 기록된 음악, 영화, 예고편, 뉴스 리포트, 라디오 방송 및 라이브 이벤트는 웹 상에 스트리밍 콘텐츠를 증가시키는데 모두 기여하여 왔다. 더욱이, 케이블, DSL, T1 라인과 무선 네트워크(예를 들어, 2.5G 또는 3G에 기반한 셀룰러 네트워크)와 같은 고 대역 접속의 사용을 통한 통신 네트워크의 비용의 감소로 인해 인터넷 유저는 뉴스 구성, 헐리우드 스튜디오, 독립 프로듀서, 레코드 라벨 및 심지어 홈 유저로부터 오는 스트리밍 미디어 콘텐츠에 보다 빠르게 보다 신뢰성 있게 접속할 수 있다.
스트리밍 미디어의 예로는 노래, 정치 연설, 뉴스 방송, 영화 예고편, 라이브 방송, 라디오 방송, 금융 회의 통화(financial conference call), 라이브 콘서트, 웹캠 푸티지(web-cam footage), 및 다른 특별 이벤트를 포함한다. 스트리밍 미디어는 REALAUDIO®, REALVIDEO®, REALMEDIA®, APPLE QUICKTIME®, MICROSOFT WINDOWS®MEDIA FORMAT, QUICKTIME®, MPEG-2 LAYER III AUDIO, 및 MP3®을 포함하는 여러 포맷으로 인코딩된다. 일반적으로 미디어 파일에는 특정 포맷과 호환성을 나타내는 확장자(접미사)가 지정되어 있다. 예를 들어, 확장자 즉 .ram, .rm, .rpm 중 하나로 끝나는 미디어 파일(예를 들어, 오디오 및 비디오 파일)은 REALMEDIA®포맷과 호환가능하다. 파일의 확장자와 그 호환가능한 포맷의 몇몇 예는 다음의 표 1에 나열되어 있다. 미디어 타입, 확장자, 및 호환가능한 포맷의 보다 구체적인 리스트는 http://www.bowers.cc/extensions2.htm에서 볼 수 있다.
설명하는 데이터(descriptive data)와 같은 메타데이터(metadata)는 문자적으로 "데이터에 관한 데이터"를 의미한다. 메타데이터는 다른 데이터(예를 들어 미디어 파일)의 콘텐츠나 속성을 설명하는 정보를 포함하는 데이터이다. 예를 들어, "자원 발견을 위한 더블린 코어 메타데이터(Dublin Core Metadata for Resource Discovery)"라는 명칭이 붙은 문헌(http://www.ietf.org /rfc/rfc2413.txt)은 세 개의 그룹으로 메타데이터를 구분하는데, 이 세 개의 데이터는 그룹 내에 포함된 정보의 종류(class)나 범위(scope)를 대략 나타낸다. 이들 세 개의 그룹은: (1) 기본적으로 자원의 콘텐츠에 관한 요소, (2)지적 재산권으로서 볼 때 기본적으로 자원에 관한 요소, 및 (3) 기본적으로 자원의 인스턴스 생성(instantiation)에 관한 요소이다. 이들 세 그룹에 속하는 메타데이터의 예는 아래의 표 2에 도시되어 있다.
콘텐츠 지적 재산권 인스턴스 생성
타이틀주제설명타입소스관련성범위 창작자발행자기여자저작권 날짜포맷식별자언어
메타데이터의 소스는 웹 페이지 콘텐츠, 동일 자원 위치지정자(URI : uniform resource indicator), 미디어 파일, 및 미디어 파일을 전송하는데 사용되는 트랜스포트 스트림을 포함한다. 웹 페이지 콘텐츠는, HTML, XML, 메타태그, 및 웹 페이지 위의 임의의 다른 텍스트를 포함한다. 여기에서 보다 상세하게 설명된 바와 같이, 메타데이터는 웹페이지, 미디어 파일, 및 다른 메타데이터의 URI로부터도 또한 얻을 수 있다. 미디어 파일 내의 메타데이터는 예를 들어 멀티미디어 또는 스트리밍 파일의, 헤더(header) 또는 예고편(trailer)에서와 같은, 미디어 파일 내에 포함된 정보를 포함할 수 있다. 메타데이터는 예를 들어, TCP/IP(예를 들어, 패킷), ATM, 프레임 릴레이(frame relay), 셀룰러 기반 트랜스포트 스킴(scheme)(예를 들어, 셀룰러 기반 전화 스킴), MPEG 트랜스포트, HDTV 방송, 및 무선 기반 트랜스포트와 같은 미디어/메타데이터 트랜스포트 스트림으로부터도 또한 얻을 수도 있다. 메타데이터는 미디어 파일을 전송하는데 사용되는 스트림과 병렬 스트림으로 또는 그의 일부로서 전송될 수도 있다(고선명 텔레비전 방송은 하나의 스트림 위에서 전송되며, 그리고 메타데이터는 전자 프로그래밍 가이드의 형태로 또 하나의 제 2 스트림 위에서 전송된다).
도 1을 참조하면, 상호접속된 컴퓨터 시스템 네트워크(102 및 112)의 시스템(100)을 양식화한 개요도가 도시되어 있다. 각 컴퓨터 시스템 네트워크(102 및 112)는 적어도 하나의 대응하는 로컬 컴퓨터 프로세서 유닛(104)(예를 들어, 서버)을 포함하며, 이 로컬 컴퓨터 프로세서 유닛은 적어도 하나의 대응하는 로컬 데이터 저장 유닛(106)(예를 들어, 데이터베이스)과 로컬 네트워크 유저(108)에 접속된다. 컴퓨터 시스템 네트워크는 예를 들어 로컬 영역 네트워크(LAN)(102) 또는 와이드 영역 네트워크(WAN)(112)일 수 있다. 로컬 컴퓨터 프로세서 유닛(104)은 네트워크(예를 들어 인터넷)(114)를 거쳐 복수의 미디어 디바이스(110)에 선택적으로 접속된다. 복수의 로컬 컴퓨터 프로세서 유닛(104), 로컬 네트워크 유저 프로세서(108), 및/또는 미디어 디바이스(110) 각각은 스캐너, 바 코드 판독기, 프린터, 및 다른 인터페이스 디바이스와 같은 로컬 컴퓨터 시스템에 접속된 여러 디바이스를 가질 수 있다. 웹 브라우저로 프로그래밍된, 로컬 컴퓨터 프로세서 유닛(104), 로컬 네트워크 유저 프로세서(108), 및/또는 미디어 디바이스(110)는, 웹 페이지의 콘텐츠에 억세스 하기 위하여, 그 콘텐츠가 컴퓨터 시스템 네트워크(102, 112)의 로컬 데이터 저장 유닛(106) 위에 위치되어 있는 특정 웹 페이지를 (예를 들어 마우스로 클릭함으로써) 찾고 선택한다. 웹 페이지는 다른 컴퓨터 시스템 및 다른 웹 페이지에 대한 링크를 포함할 수 있다.
로컬 컴퓨터 프로세서 유닛(104), 로컬 네트워크 유저 프로세서(108), 및/또는 미디어 디바이스(110)는 인터넷 프로토콜(IP)을 사용하는 인터넷을 통해 통신할 수 있는 컴퓨터 단말, 페이저(pager), 인터넷 접속을 갖는 키오스크(Kiosk), 접속된 전자 플래너(electronic planner)(예를 들어, 팜 사(Palm, Inc.)에 의해 제조된 PALM 디바이스) 또는 개인용 전자 플래너와 같은 네크워트를 통해 대화형 통신을 할 수 있는 다른 디바이스일 수 있다. 로컬 컴퓨터 프로세서 유닛(104), 로컬 네트워크 유저 프로세서(108) 및/또는 미디어 디바이스(110)는 또한 무선 접속 프로토콜(WAP : wireless access protocol)을 사용하여 인터넷에 접속하여 인터넷을 통해 통신하는 핸드 헬드 유닛(hand held unit)(예를 들어 셀룰러 전화)과 같은 무선 디바이스일 수도 있다. 네트워크(102 및 112)는 모뎀 접속, 로컬 영역 네트워크(LAN), 케이블 모뎀, 디지털 가입자 라인(DSL), 트위스티드 페어(twisted pair), 무선 기반 인터페이스{셀룰러, 적외선, 라디오 파(radio waves)}, 또는 데이터 신호를 사용하는 이와 동등한 접속에 의해 네트워크(114)에 접속될 수 있다.데이터 베이스(106)는 이 기술 분야에 알려져 있은 임의의 수단에 의해 로컬 컴퓨터 프로세서 유닛(104)에 접속될 수도 있다. 데이터베이스(106)는 임의의 적절한 타입의 메모리(예를 들어, 자기 메모리, 광 메모리, 등)의 형태를 가질 수 있다. 데이터베이스(106)는 외부 메모리일 수도 있으며 또는 로컬 컴퓨터 프로세서(104), 로컬 네트워크 유저 프로세서(108), 및/또는 미디어 디바이스(110) 내에 위치될 수도 있다.
컴퓨터는 소비자 가전 제품과 다른 컴퓨터 내에 내장된 컴퓨터를 또한 포함할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 본 발명의 실시예는 텔레비전, 셋톱 박스, 오디오/비디오 수신기, CD 플레이어, VCR, DVD 플레이어, 멀티미디어 인에이블 디바이스(예를 들어, 전화) 및 인터넷 인이이블 디바이스 내에 내장된 컴퓨터를 (프로세서로서) 포함할 수 있다.
본 발명의 예시적인 실시예에서, 로컬 네트워크 유저 프로세서(108) 및/또는 미디어 디바이스(110)는 로컬 네트워크 유저 프로세서(108) 및/또는 미디어 디바이스(110)로 하여금 네트워크(114)를 거쳐 로컬 컴퓨터 프로세서 유닛(104)과 그리고 상호간에 통신하게 하는, 하나 이상의 프로그램 모듈과 하나 이상의 데이터베이스를 포함한다. 프로그램 모듈(들)은 PERL, 확장 가능 표시 언어(XML : Extensible Markup Language), 자바, 하이퍼텍스트 표시 언어(HTML) 또는 임의의 다른 이와 동등한 언어로 기록된 프로그램 코드를 포함하여, 로컬 네트워크 유저 프로세서(108)로 하여금 로컬 네트워크 유저 프로세서(108) 위에 저장된 브라우저 프로그램을 통해 로컬 컴퓨터 프로세서 유닛(104)의 프로그램 모듈(들)에 접속할 수 있게 한다.
웹 사이트와 웹 페이지는 정보(콘텐츠)가 존재하는 인터넷과 같은 네트워크 상의 위치(locations)이다. 웹 사이트는 단일 또는 수 개의 웹 페이지를 포함할 수도 있다. 웹 페이지는 네트워크 위의 웹 페이지의 위치(어드레스)를 포함하는 동일 자원 위치지정자(URI : Uniform Resource Indicator)에 의해 식별된다. 웹 사이트 및 웹 페이지는 로컬 영역 네트워크(102), 와이드 영역 네트워크(112), 네트워크(114), 로컬 컴퓨터 프로세서 유닛(예를 들어, 서버)(104), 로컬 네트워크 유저 프로세서(108), 및/또는 미디어 디바이스(110) 위에 위치될 수 있다. 정보 또는 콘텐츠는 예를 들어, 하드 드라이브, 콤팩트 디스크, 및 메인프레임 디바이스와 같은 임의의 저장 디바이스에 저장될 수 있다. 콘텐츠는, 웹 사이트마다 서로 다를 수 있으며 심지어 웹 페이지마다 서로 다를 수도 있는, 여러 포맷으로 저장될 수도 있다.
본 발명에 따라, 미디어 객체에 관한 메타데이터를 사용하기 위해 멀티미디어와 스트리밍 미디어 객체와 같은 미디어 객체가 검색된다. 이것을 이루기 위해, 미디어 객체로부터 메타데이터를 추출하기 위해, 추출 에이전트(extraction agents)라고도 부르는 익스트랙터(extractor)가 사용된다. 익스트랙터는 미디어 객체로부터 특정 정보를 추출할 수 있는 프로세서 및/또는 소프트웨어를 포함한다. 예를 들어, 익스트랙터는 MP3 기반 음악 파일과 연관된 ID3 태그로부터 메타데이터를 추출하는 웹 크로러(web crawler)일 수 있다. 본 발명의 일 실시예에서, 통일화된 익스트랙터(unified extractor)가 사용되며, 여기서 통일화된 익스트랙터는 복수의 미디어 포맷으로부터 정보를 추출할 수 있은 성능을 포함하며, 이 정보를 단일한 공통 출력의 대현(single common output representation)으로 제공한다.
도 2 는 본 발명에 따른 통일화된 추출을 수행하는 방법의 흐름도이다. 도 3 은 본 발명에 따른 통일화된 익스트랙터의 기능 블록도이다. 도 2 및 도 3을 참조하면, 미디어 객체, 및/또는 미디어 객체에 대한 링크가 단계 22에서 수신된다. 미디어 객체 및/또는 미디어 객체에 대한 링크는 인터넷 위의 웹 페이지와 같은 임의의 적절한 소스 또는 데이터베이스로부터 수신될 수도 있다. 예를 들어, 미디어 객체(예를 들어, 멀티미디어, 스트리밍 미디어)를 검색하는 검색 시스템은 검색 대상 미디어 객체에 관한 정보를 포함하는 웹 페이지를 찾을 수 있다. 이들 웹 페이지에 대한 링크는 본 발명에 따라 검색 시스템에 의해 통일화된 익스트랙터에 제공될 수 있다. 링크된 웹 페이지는 미디어 객체 타입과 포맷 분류기(40)에 의해 단계 24에서 미디어 객체의 타입과 포맷을 결정하도록 분석된다. 미디어 객체 타입과 포맷 분류기(40)는 수신된 미디어 객체의 타입과 포맷을 결정할 수 있는 소프트웨어 엔티티(entity)의 임의의 프로세서일 수 있다. 이리하여, 미디어 객체 타입과 포맷 분류기(40)는 개인용 컴퓨터, 서버 프로세서, 메인 프레임 컴퓨터, 마이크로프로세서, 소프트웨어 코드 세그먼트, 또는 이들의 조합을 포함할 수 있다. 미디어 객체는 더블린 코어, MPEG-7, XML, 또는 대표적 메타데이터가 한정되는 다른 개발된 관련 표준과 적응가능한 미디어 객체의 임의의 조합을 포함할 수 있다. (지원되는 메타데이터의 형태는 본 발명의 동작에 의해 제한되지 않는다). 미디어 객체 타입의 예는 오디오, 비디오, 텍스트, 멀티미디어, 및 스트리밍 미디어를 포함한다. 미디어 객체 포맷의 예는, REALAUDIO®, REALVIDEO®, REALMEDIA®, APPLE QUICKTIME®,MICROSOFT WINDOWS®MEDIA FORMAT, QUICKTIME®, MPEG-2 LAYER III AUDIO, 및 MP3®를 포함한다. 본 발명의 일 실시예에서, 예를 들어, 미디어 객체 타입과 포맷은, 미디어 객체의 파일 확장자, MIME 타입을 평가, 미디어 객체에 대한 URI 내의 패턴 인식, 미디어 객체를 포함하는 메타파일의 분석 또는 이들의 조합으로써 결정된다. MIME(Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions : 다목적 인터넷 메일 확장자)는 e-mail 통신에 사용되는 포맷을 지정하는, 인터넷 상에서 일반적으로 사용되는 표준을 말한다. MIME 포맷 표준은 또한 하이퍼텍스트 트랜스퍼 프로토콜(HTTP : Hypertext Transfer Protocol)의 일부로서 사용되며, 이것은 상호 통신하기 위해 인터넷 상에 있는 웹 서버와 웹 브라우저와 같은 프로세서에 의해 가장 일반적으로 사용되는 프로토콜이다. 미디어 객체의 URI(바람직하게는 완전한 URI)에서 패턴의 인식은 미디어 객체를 포함하는 미디어 메타파일의 구조와 이 구조에 대응하는 메타 타입을 결정하는데 도움을 준다. 메타파일은 특정 미디어 타입에 대응하는 구조를 포함하는 텍스트 판독가능 파일(ASCII, XML)이다(예를 들어, 실제 네트워크는 적어도 하나의 REAL 미디어 객체를 설명하고 포함하기 위해 RAM 또는 SMIL 메타파일을 사용한다). 동기화된 멀티미디어 통합 언어(SMIL : Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language) 파일은 비디오, 오디오, 텍스트, 그래픽 이미지, 및 하이퍼링크를 묶는데 XML 구문을 사용하는 HTML 같은 파일이다. 위에 나열된 소스로부터 오는 정보는 미디어 객체의 인코딩 군(family)(예를 들어, REALMEDIA®, WINDOWS MEDIA PLAYER®, MP3®)과 미디어 객체의 스트림 포맷(REAL G2®VIDEO, WINDOWS®AUDIO 4, MP3PRO®)을 분류하는데 도움을 준다.
일단 미디어 객체의 타입과 포맷이 분류되면, 익스트랙터 할당 에이전트(extractor assignment agent)(42)는 단계 26에서 다중 포맷(multi-format) 익스트랙터(44)에 있는 익스트랙터들 중 하나에 분류된 미디어 객체를 선택 및 할당한다. 익스트랙터 할당 에이전트(42)는 수신된 미디어 객체의 타입과 포맷을 결정할 수 있는 소프트웨어 엔티티의 임의의 프로세서일 수 있다. 이리하여, 익스트랙터 할당 에이전트(42)는 개인용 컴퓨터, 서버 프로세서, 메인 프레임 컴퓨터, 마이크로프로세서, 소프트웨어 코드 세그먼트, 또는 이들의 조합을 포함할 수 있다. 다중 포맷 익스트랙터(44)는 각 미디어 객체로부터 메타데이터와 같은 정보를 추출하기 위해 바람직하게는 단일 디바이스 또는 프로그램 내에 있는 복수의 익스트랙터를 포함한다. 다중 포맷 익스트랙터(44)에 포함된 익스트랙터의 예는 REALAUDIO®, REALVIDEO®, REALMEDIA®, APPLE QUICKTIME®, MICROSOFT WINDOWS®MEDIA FORMAT, QUICKTIME®, MPEG-2 LAYER III AUDIO, 및 MP3®포맷과 호환가능한 익스트랙터를 포함한다. 다중 포맷 익스트랙터(44)는 수신된 미디어 객체의 타입과 포맷을 결정할 수 있는 소프트웨어 엔티티의 임의의 프로세서일 수 있다. 이리하여, 다중 포맷 익스트랙터(44)는 개인용 컴퓨터, 서버 프로세서, 메인 프레임 컴퓨터, 마이크로프로세서, 소프트웨어 코드 세그먼트, 또는 이들의 조합을 포함할 수 있다. 단계 28에서, 할당된 익스트랙터는 그 미디어 객체의 미디어 포맷에 따라 미디어 객체로부터 메타데이터와 같은 정보를 추출한다.
단계 30에서, 추출된 정보는 컴파일러(46)에 의해 범용 데이터 구조로 컴파일되어, 범용 데이터 구조의 포맷이 복수의 미디어 객체 포맷과 호환가능하도록 한다. 즉, 추출된 미디어 객체의 타입과 포맷에 상관없이, 추출된 정보는 모든 이후의 처리와 호환가능한 단일 포맷으로 컴파일되어, 각 미디어 객체의 타입과 포맷을 위한 별도의 인터페이스와 프로세서에 대한 요건을 무시(negating)하게 된다. 컴파일러(46)는 수신된 미디어 객체의 타입과 포맷을 결정할 수 있은 소프트웨어 엔티티의 임의의 프로세서일 수 있다. 이리하여 컴파일러(46)는 개인용 컴퓨터, 서버 프로세서, 메인 프레임 컴퓨터, 마이크로프로세서, 소프트웨어 코드 세그먼트, 또는 이들의 조합을 포함할 수 있다.
본 발명의 일 실시예에서, 다중 포맷 익스트랙터(44)로 추출 명령이 발송되며 추출된 정보는 자바 네이티브 인터페이스(JNI : Java Native Interface)를 사용하는 자바 프로세스를 통해 범용 데이터 포맷으로 컴파일된다. 자바TM는 인터넷 웹 페이지에 내장된 프로그램을 기록하는데 일반적으로 사용되는 잘 알려져 있는 프로그래밍 언어이다. 자바TM프로그램은 스트림을 사용한다. 자바TM스트림은 자바TM프로그램에 제공되거나 또는 자바TM프로그램으로부터 수신되는 데이터로서 시각화(visualized)될 수 있다. JNI는 다른 언어로 기록된 어플리케이션과 자바TM어플리케이션을 인터페이싱하는 프로그래밍 인터페이스이다. "네이티브(native)"라는 용어는 네이티브 방법(native methods)을 말한다. 네이티브 방법은 예를 들어,C, C++, 어셈블리와 같은 자바 이외의 언어로 기록된 함수이다. 이리하여 JNI 는 네이티브 방법과 자바TM어플리케이션을 인터페이싱하는 프로그래밍 인터페이스이다. 본 발명에 따라, 다중 포맷 익스트랙터(44)는 메타데이터 추출을 위해 다중 포맷 익스트랙터(44)에 자바 프로세스가 전송하는 가능한 스트림 타입(즉, 미디어 타입과 포맷) 각각에 대응하는 익스트랙터 객체(즉, 익스트랙터)를 포함한다. 더욱이, 추출된 메타데이터는 컴파일러(46)에 의해 단일 스트림 타입으로 병합된다. 추출된 메타데이터는 더블린 코어, MPEG-7, XML 또는 대표적 메타데이터가 한정되는 다른 개발된 관련 표준과 같은 미디어 객체 표준과 호환가능하게 컴파일된다. 본 발명의 다른 실시예에서, 추출된 메타데이터는 스타일 시트(style sheet)의 사용을 통해 미디어 객체 표준과 호환가능하게 포맷된다. 스타일 시트는, 유저/프로그래머가 웹 페이지의 폰트, 컬러, 마진 및 타이프페이스(typeface)와 같은 스타일의 측면을 제어할 수 있게 하는 프로그래밍 툴이다.
추출된 정보는 단계 32에서 검색 시스템, 유저, 또는 둘 모두에 이용가능하게 만들어진다. 본 발명의 일 실시예에서, 추출된 정보는 데이터 큐(data queue)에서 대기하며 검색 시스템에서 모든 에이전트(예를 들어, 프로세서, 코드 세그먼트)에 이용가능하다. 선택적으로, 추출된 정보는 단계 34에서 데이터베이스(48)에 저장된다. 데이터베이스(48)는 임의의 타입의 메모리 저장 장치, 저장 및 데이터베이스 관리를 위한 관련 데이터 베이스 관리 시스템(DBMS), 또는 이들의 조합을 포함할 수 있다. 따라서, 데이터 베이스(48)에 저장된 정보는 이후 처리를 위해 시스템이 접근할 수 있다.
본 발명은 컴퓨터로 구현되는 프로세스 및 이들 프로세스를 실행하는 장치의 형태로 구현될 수 있다. 본 발명은, 플로피 디스크, 읽기 전용 메모리(ROM), CD-ROM, 하드 드라이브, 고밀도 디스크, 또는 임의의 다른 컴퓨터 판독가능 저장 매체와 같은 유형의 매체에 구현된 컴퓨터 프로그램 코드의 형태로 또한 구현될 수 있으며, 여기서 이 컴퓨터 프로그램 코드가 컴퓨터에 로딩되어 그 컴퓨터에 의해 실행될 때, 이 컴퓨터는 본 발명을 실행하는 장치가 된다. 본 발명은 예를 들어 저장 매체에 저장되어 있든지, 컴퓨터에 로딩 및/또는 이 컴퓨터에 의해 실행되든지, 또는 전선이나 케이블, 광 섬유, 또는 전자기 방사파와 같은 몇몇 송신 매체를 통해 송신되든지 간에, 컴퓨터 프로그램 코드의 형태로 구현될 수도 있으며, 여기서 이 컴퓨터 프로그램 코드가 컴퓨터로 로딩되어 이 컴퓨터에 의해 실행될 때, 이 컴퓨터는 본 발명을 실행하는 장치가 된다. 컴퓨터 프로그램 코드 세그먼트는, 다목적 프로세서 위에 구현될 때, 특정 논리 회로를 만들도록 프로세서를 구성한다.
전술한 바와 같이, 본 발명은, 일반적으로 컴퓨터와 관련된 정보 검색 및 탐색, 보다 구체적으로는 미디어 객체로부터 메타데이터를 추출하는 것 등에 이용가능하다.

Claims (21)

  1. 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하기 위한 방법으로서,
    미디어 객체의 포맷을 결정하는 단계와,
    상기 결정된 포맷과 호환가능한 포맷 적응 익스트랙터(format compliant extractor)를 선택하는 단계와,
    상기 포맷 적응 익스트랙터로 상기 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하는 단계와,
    범용 데이터 구조에 따라 상기 추출된 정보를 컴파일하는 단계
    를 포함하며, 여기서 상기 범용 데이터 구조의 포맷은 복수의 미디어 객체 포맷과 호환가능한, 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하는 방법.
  2. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 미디어 객체는 멀티미디어와 스트리밍 미디어 중 적어도 하나를 포함하는, 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하는 방법.
  3. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 추출된 정보는 상기 미디어 객체에 관한 메타데이터를 포함하는, 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하는 방법.
  4. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 미디어 객체의 포맷을 결정하는 상기 단계는 상기 미디어 객체의 파일 확장자, 상기 미디어 객체의 다목적 인터넷 메일 확장자(MIME)중 적어도 하나의 평가, 상기 미디어 객체에 대한 URI 내의 패턴 인식, 및 상기 미디어 객체를 포함하는 메타파일 분석 단계를 포함하는, 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하는 방법.
  5. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 미디어 객체 포맷은 더블린 코어(Dublin Core), MPEG-7, XML 및 대표적 메타데이터가 한정되는 개발된 관련 표준을 포함하는 그룹으로부터 선택된 적어도 하나의 표준과 호환가능한, 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하는 방법.
  6. 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하기 위한 시스템으로서,
    미디어 객체의 포맷을 결정하기 위한 미디어 객체 분류기(40)와,
    상기 결정된 포맷과 호환가능한 포맷 적응 익스트랙터를 선택하기 위한 익스트랙터 할당 에이전트(42)와,
    복수의 익스트랙터를 포함하는 다중 포맷 익스트랙터(44)로서, 상기 복수의 익스트랙터 중 적어도 하나는 상기 포맷 적응 익스트랙터이며, 여기서 상기 포맷 적응 익스트랙터는 상기 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하는, 다중 포맷 익스트랙터(44)와,
    범용 데이터 구조에 따라 상기 추출된 정보를 컴파일하기 위한 컴파일러(46)로서, 여기서 상기 범용 데이터 구조의 포맷은 복수의 미디어 객체 포맷과 호환가능한, 컴파일러(46)
    를 포함하는 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하는 시스템.
  7. 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 추출된 정보를 저장하는 데이터베이스(48)를 더 포함하는, 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하는 시스템.
  8. 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 미디어 객체는 멀티미디어와 스트리밍 미디어 중 적어도 하나를 포함하는, 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하는 시스템.
  9. 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 추출된 정보는 상기 미디어 객체에 관한 메타데이터를 포함하는, 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하는 시스템.
  10. 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 미디어 객체 분류기(40)는 상기 미디어 객체의 파일 확장자, 상기 미디어 객체의 상기 포맷을 결정하기 위해 상기 미디어 객체의 다목적 인터넷 메일 확장자(MIME) 타입 중 적어도 하나와, 상기 미디어 객체에 대한 URI 내의 패턴 인식과, 및 상기 미디어 객체를 포함하는 메타파일 분석을 평가하는, 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하는 시스템.
  11. 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 추출된 정보는 상기 미디어 객체에 관한 메타데이터를 포함하는, 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하는 시스템.
  12. 프로세서로 하여금 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하게 하는 프로그램을 구비하는 프로그램 판독 가능 매체로서,
    상기 프로세서로 하여금 미디어 객체의 포맷을 결정하게 하는 수단과,
    상기 프로세서로 하여금 상기 결정된 포맷과 호환가능한 포맷 적응 익스트랙터를 선택하게 하는 수단과,
    상기 프로세서로 하여금 상기 포맷 적응 익스트랙터로 상기 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하게 하는 수단과,
    상기 프로세서로 하여금 상기 추출된 정보를 범용 데이터 구조에 따라 컴파일하게 하는 수단
    을 포함하며, 여기서 상기 범용 데이터 구조의 포맷은 복수의 미디어 객체 포맷과 호환가능한, 프로그램 판독 가능 매체.
  13. 제 12 항에 있어서, 상기 미디어 객체는 멀티미디어와 스트리밍 미디어 중 적어도 하나를 포함하는, 프로그램 판독 가능 매체.
  14. 제 12 항에 있어서, 상기 추출된 정보는 상기 미디어 객체에 관한 메타데이터를 포함하는, 프로그램 판독 가능 매체.
  15. 제 12 항에 있어서, 상기 프로세서로 하여금 상기 미디어 객체의 포맷을 결정하게 하는 상기 수단은, 상기 미디어 객체의 적어도 하나의 파일 확장자와, 상기미디어 객체의 다목적 인터넷 메일 확장자(MIME) 타입을 평가하는 수단과, 상기 미디어 객체에 대한 URI 내의 패턴 인식하는 수단과, 그리고 상기 미디어 객체를 포함하는 메타파일의 분석하는 수단을 포함하는, 프로그램 판독 가능 매체.
  16. 제 12 항에 있어서, 상기 미디어 객체 포맷은 더블린 코어(Dublin Core), MPEG-7, XML, 및 대표적 메타데이터가 한정되는 개발된 관련 표준을 포함하는 그룹으로부터 선택된 적어도 하나의 표준과 호환가능한, 프로그램 판독 가능 매체.
  17. 반송파 내에 구현되는 데이터 신호로서,
    미디어 객체의 포맷을 결정하기 위한 포맷 결정 코드 세그먼트와.
    상기 결정된 포맷과 호환가능한 포맷 적응 익스트랙터를 선택하기 위한 익스트랙터 선택 코드 세그먼트와,
    상기 포맷 적응 익스트랙터로 상기 미디어 객체로부터 정보를 추출하기 위한 추출 코드 세그먼트와,
    범용 데이터 구조에 따라 상기 추출된 정보를 컴파일하기 위한 컴파일 코드 세그먼트
    를 포함하며, 여기서 상기 범용 데이터 구조의 포맷은 복수의 미디어 객체 포맷과 호환가능한, 데이터 신호.
  18. 제 17 항에 있어서, 상기 미디어 객체는 멀티미디어와 스트리밍 미디어 중적어도 하나를 포함하는, 데이터 신호.
  19. 제 17 항에 있어서, 상기 추출된 정보는 상기 미디어 객체에 관한 메타데이터를 포함하는, 데이터 신호.
  20. 제 17 항에 있어서, 상기 포맷 결정 코드 세그먼트는 상기 미디어 객체의 적어도 하나의 파일 확장자와, 상기 미디어 객체의 다목적 인터넷 메일 확장자(MIME) 타입의 평가, 상기 미디어 객체에 대한 URI 내의 패턴 인식과, 상기 미디어 객체를 포함하는 메타파일의 분석하는, 데이터 신호.
  21. 제 17 항에 있어서, 상기 미디어 객체 포맷은 더블린 코어, MPEG-7, XML, 대표적 메타데이터가 한정되는 개발된 관련 표준을 포함하는 그룹으로부터 선택된 적어도 하나의 표준과 호환가능한, 데이터 신호.
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KR101037864B1 (ko) * 2004-10-29 2011-05-31 마이크로소프트 코포레이션 복수의 미디어 객체들에서 사용하기 위한 특징을 생성하는방법 및 소프트웨어 프로그램
KR100755713B1 (ko) * 2006-03-10 2007-09-05 삼성전자주식회사 시각화 이미지 제공 장치 및 방법
KR20170092312A (ko) * 2016-02-03 2017-08-11 삼성전자주식회사 디스플레이를 제어하는 전자 장치 및 방법 및 이를 위한 서버 및 방법

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