KR100493113B1 - 편물로 보강된 복합 중공사막 - Google Patents
편물로 보강된 복합 중공사막 Download PDFInfo
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- KR100493113B1 KR100493113B1 KR10-2002-0065134A KR20020065134A KR100493113B1 KR 100493113 B1 KR100493113 B1 KR 100493113B1 KR 20020065134 A KR20020065134 A KR 20020065134A KR 100493113 B1 KR100493113 B1 KR 100493113B1
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- Prior art keywords
- hollow fiber
- fiber membrane
- composite hollow
- thin film
- polymer resin
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002433 hydrophilic molecules Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 glycol compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical group CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006350 polyacrylonitrile resin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 38
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 7
- 108060003552 hemocyanin Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/0011—Casting solutions therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/02—Details relating to pores or porosity of the membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/04—Characteristic thickness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/36—Hydrophilic membranes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/131—Glass, ceramic, or sintered, fused, fired, or calcined metal oxide or metal carbide containing [e.g., porcelain, brick, cement, etc.]
- Y10T428/1317—Multilayer [continuous layer]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/131—Glass, ceramic, or sintered, fused, fired, or calcined metal oxide or metal carbide containing [e.g., porcelain, brick, cement, etc.]
- Y10T428/1317—Multilayer [continuous layer]
- Y10T428/1321—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2935—Discontinuous or tubular or cellular core
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2938—Coating on discrete and individual rods, strands or filaments
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2973—Particular cross section
- Y10T428/2975—Tubular or cellular
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/298—Physical dimension
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
Abstract
Description
구 분 | 실시예 1 | 실시예 2 | 비교실시예 1 | ||
물성 | 수투과도(LMH) | 150 | 250 | 60 | |
헤모시아닌배제율(%) | R0 | 89 | 83 | 91 | |
R15 | 91 | 82 | 87 | ||
R30 | 89 | 84 | 78 | ||
인장강도(gf/fiber) | 37 | 35 | 31 | ||
인장신도(%) | 65 | 60 | 57 | ||
구조 | 코팅된 박막두께(mm) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.15 | |
12㎛ 이상의 결손부의 존재 | 없음 | 없음 | 존재 |
Claims (12)
- 관형편물의 보강재와 상기 보강재 표면에 코팅된 고분자 수지 박막으로 구성되며, 상기 고분자 수지 박막은 공경이 0.01~1㎛인 미세공이 형성된 스킨층과 공경이 10㎛ 이하인 미세공이 형성된 스폰지 구조의 내층으로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 편물로 보강된 복합 중공사막.
- 1항에 있어서, 스폰지 구조의 내층에 형성된 미세공의 공경이 5㎛ 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 편물로 보강된 복합 중공사막.
- 1항에 있어서, 스폰지 구조의 내층에 형성된 미세공의 공경이 복합 중공사막 중심으로 향할수록 점진적으로 증대되는 것을 특징으로 하는 편물로 보강된 복합 중공사막.
- 1항에 있어서, 고분자 수지 박막의 두께가 0.2mm 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 편물로 보강된 복합 중공사막.
- 1항에 있어서, 고분자 수지 박막이 보강재 내로 침투하는 거리가 보강재 두께의 30% 미만인 것을 특징으로 하는 편물로 보강된 복합 중공사막.
- 1항에 있어서, 고분자 수지 박막이 고분자 수지, 유기용매, 폴리비닐피롤리돈 및 친수성 화합물로 구성된 방사도프로 제조됨을 특징으로 하는 편물로 보강된 복합 중공사막.
- 1항 또는 6항에 있어서, 고분자 수지가 폴리설폰 수지, 폴리에테르설폰 수지, 설폰화폴리설폰 수지, 폴리비닐리덴플루오라이드 수지 또는 폴리아크릴로니트릴 수지, 폴리이미드 수지, 폴리아미드이미드 수지, 폴리에테르이미드 수지인 것을 특징으로 하는 편물로 보강된 복합 중공사막.
- 6항에 있어서, 친수성 화합물이 물 또는 글리콜류 화합물인 것을 특징으로 하는 편물로 보강된 복합 중공사막.
- 8항에 있어서, 글리콜류 화합물이 분자량 2,000 이하의 폴리에틸렌글리콜인 것을 특징으로 하는 편물로 보강된 복합 중공사막.
- 6항에 있어서, 유기용매가 디메틸아세트아미드, 디메틸포름아미드 또는 이들의 혼합액인 것을 특징으로 하는 편물로 보강된 복합 중공사막.
- 다음 식으로 정의되는 단위 편물 외경(DO) 값에 대한 방사도프 공급속도(Q)와 편물 진행속도(v)의 비(k)가 200~3,000(g/㎡)의 범위를 만족하는 제조방법으로 제조되어 관형편물의 보강재와 상기 보강재 표면에 코팅된 고분자 수지 박막으로 구성되며, 상기 고분자 수지 박막은 공경이 0.01~1㎛인 미세공이 형성된 스킨층과 공경이 10㎛ 이하인 미세공이 형성된 스폰지 구조의 내층으로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 편물로 보강된 복합 중공사막.
- 11항에 있어서, 단위 편물 외경(D0) 값에 대한 방사도프 공급속도(Q)와 편물 진행속도(v)의 비(k)가 500~2,500(g/㎡)의 범위를 만족하는 것을 특징으로 하는 편물로 보강된 복합 중공사막.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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KR20010077181 | 2001-12-07 | ||
KR1020010077181 | 2001-12-07 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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KR20030047715A KR20030047715A (ko) | 2003-06-18 |
KR100493113B1 true KR100493113B1 (ko) | 2005-05-31 |
Family
ID=19716751
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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KR10-2002-0065134A KR100493113B1 (ko) | 2001-12-07 | 2002-10-24 | 편물로 보강된 복합 중공사막 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7267872B2 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP1321178B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP4050977B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR100493113B1 (ko) |
AU (1) | AU2002354260A1 (ko) |
DE (1) | DE60239585D1 (ko) |
ES (1) | ES2364268T3 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2003047734A1 (ko) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100842067B1 (ko) | 2007-03-14 | 2008-06-30 | (주)세프라텍 | 브레이드 강화 중공사막 |
KR100977397B1 (ko) * | 2008-03-28 | 2010-08-24 | 이영호 | 환형편직물로 지지되는 대칭형 다공성 중공사막 및 그제조방법 |
KR101321362B1 (ko) | 2013-07-16 | 2013-10-23 | 주식회사 시노펙스 | 고강도 분리막 및 이의 제조방법 |
CN108273392A (zh) * | 2017-01-05 | 2018-07-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 中空编织管的改性方法和中空纤维膜的制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (55)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7306105B2 (en) * | 2002-11-12 | 2007-12-11 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. | Composite porous membrane and method for producing the same |
AU2003235822A1 (en) * | 2003-05-01 | 2004-11-23 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Hollow filamentous semipermeable membrane |
EP1658889A1 (en) * | 2004-11-19 | 2006-05-24 | "VLAAMSE INSTELLING VOOR TECHNOLOGISCH ONDERZOEK", afgekort "V.I.T.O." | Longitudinal reinforced self-supporting capillary membranes and method for manufacturing thereof |
CN100396366C (zh) * | 2005-04-21 | 2008-06-25 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | 中空纤维膜组件的根部编织加强技术 |
KR100821486B1 (ko) * | 2005-08-08 | 2008-04-10 | 주식회사 코오롱 | 나노 복합중공사막 및 그의 제조방법 |
TWI341746B (en) | 2005-11-29 | 2011-05-11 | Kolon Inc | Abraid-reinforced composite hollow fiber membrane |
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Also Published As
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US20030134550A1 (en) | 2003-07-17 |
ES2364268T3 (es) | 2011-08-30 |
EP1321178B1 (en) | 2011-03-30 |
US20070116871A1 (en) | 2007-05-24 |
WO2003047734A1 (en) | 2003-06-12 |
US7267872B2 (en) | 2007-09-11 |
EP1321178A3 (en) | 2005-01-05 |
US7413804B2 (en) | 2008-08-19 |
JP4050977B2 (ja) | 2008-02-20 |
JP2003225542A (ja) | 2003-08-12 |
AU2002354260A1 (en) | 2003-06-17 |
DE60239585D1 (de) | 2011-05-12 |
EP1321178A2 (en) | 2003-06-25 |
KR20030047715A (ko) | 2003-06-18 |
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