KR100336417B1 - Method of Cultivation Gastrodia elata Blume - Google Patents
Method of Cultivation Gastrodia elata Blume Download PDFInfo
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- KR100336417B1 KR100336417B1 KR1020000014560A KR20000014560A KR100336417B1 KR 100336417 B1 KR100336417 B1 KR 100336417B1 KR 1020000014560 A KR1020000014560 A KR 1020000014560A KR 20000014560 A KR20000014560 A KR 20000014560A KR 100336417 B1 KR100336417 B1 KR 100336417B1
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- wood
- cultivation
- cheonma
- cut
- same time
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- 241000305491 Gastrodia elata Species 0.000 title description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006049 herbal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000305267 Quercus macrolepis Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010019233 Headaches Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000007101 Muscle Cramp Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028813 Nausea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000012902 Nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000025966 Neurological disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000233855 Orchidaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010033799 Paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000869 headache Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008693 nausea Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 한방재료로 이용되는 천마의 재배방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 구체적으로는 천마의 고밀식 재배에 의한 단위 면적당 다수확이 가능하고 천마의 재배및 수확기간을 단축시켜 생산성을 향상시킬 수 있도록 한 것이다.The present invention relates to a cultivation method of cheonma used as a herbal material, and more specifically, it is possible to increase the number per unit area by high-density cultivation of cheonma, and to improve productivity by shortening the cultivation and harvesting period of cheonma. .
즉, 원목을 소정 길이로 절단하고 그 절단된 원목을 스팀으로 찌는 스팀처리수단과 상기 수단을 거쳐 수분이 60%이상을 유지하는 상태에서 원목절단부가 서로 대향되고 일정간격의 공간부를 갖도록 수평선상으로 밀착배치시키는 원목배치수단과, 상기 수단의 공간부에 위치한 원목절단부에 밀식종균 및 종마심기를 동시에 행한 다음 흙을 12∼15cm두께로 덮어 재배함을 특징으로 하는 천마재배방법이다.That is, the wood cutting parts are cut to a predetermined length and the steam cutting means steams the cut wood with steam and the wood cutting parts face each other and have a spaced portion at a predetermined interval in a state where water is maintained at 60% or more through the means. The wood batch means for close contact, and the seedlings and seedling planting at the same time in the wood cutting portion located in the space portion of the means at the same time cultivation method characterized in that the soil is covered with a 12 to 15cm thickness.
Description
본 발명은 한방재료로 이용되는 천마의 재배방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 구체적으로는 천마의 고밀식 재배에 의한 단위 면적당 다수확이 가능하고 천마의 재배및 수확기간을 단축시켜 생산성을 향상시킬 수 있도록 한 것이다.The present invention relates to a cultivation method of cheonma used as a herbal material, and more specifically, it is possible to increase the number per unit area by high-density cultivation of cheonma, and to improve productivity by shortening the cultivation and harvesting period of cheonma. .
천마(Gastrodia elata Blume)는 난초과에 속하는 다년생 기생식물로서 뽕나무버섯균과 공생하며 가을에 뿌리줄기를 채집 건조시켜 약용으로 이용되고 있다.Cheonma (Gastrodia elata Blume) is a perennial parasite belonging to the orchid family, symbiotic with mulberry fungi, and is used for medicinal purposes by collecting and drying root stems in autumn.
천마의 효능은 경련을 멈추고 간양을 내리며 풍습을 없애는 효과와 어지럼증, 두통, 경풍, 전간, 중풍으로 인한 실언, 비증, 팔다리가 오므라드는 증상치료효과와 신경질환계통등에 효과가 있는 것으로 알려져 있다.The effects of Chunma are known to be effective in stopping cramps, lowering the liver, eliminating customs, diarrhea, headaches, wind gusts, jeons, paralysis, symptom treatment, nausea, and limb squeeze, and neurological disorders.
천마를 대량재배하기 위해서는 천마와 공생관계에 있는 뽕나무 버섯균을 원목에 접종하여 증식시키는 방법이 주로 사용되는 것으로 이는 뽕나무 버섯균의 양분과 수분이 천마에 공급되어 천마생장에 도움을 주기 때문이다.In order to mass cultivate cheonma, the method of inoculating multiplying mulberry mushrooms in symbiosis with cheonma is used mainly because the nutrients and moisture of mulberry mushrooms are supplied to cheonma to help cheonma growth.
종래에는 천마를 재배하기 위한 원목접종시에 원목의 표면전체에 작은 구멍을 뚫어서 표고종균 접종방법과 동일하게 접종후 토양에 매몰하는 방법이 사용되고 있으나 접종구멍이 작아서 종균이 건조하기 쉽고 잡균의 혼입이 쉽게 될 뿐만 아니라 원목의 수분이 약간 건조된 상태에서는 활착율이 크게 떨어지는 문제점이 있었다.Conventionally, a small hole is drilled in the entire surface of solid wood at the time of inoculation of wood for cultivation, so that it is buried in the soil after inoculation. Not only easy but there was a problem that the sliding rate is greatly reduced when the moisture of the wood is slightly dried.
특히, 원목에 구멍을 뚫어 종균 접종하여 1년뒤 종균이 활착되어 균사속이 나왔을때 종마심기를 하였으며 일손이 많이 들고 균사체의 생육도 느리게 진행되어 천마를 수확하는데 3년이상 걸리는 문제점이 있었다.In particular, the seedlings were inoculated with a hole in the wood to inoculate the seedlings a year later, and when the mycelia came out, seeding was carried out, and the growth of the mycelium was progressed slowly.
본 발명은 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 원목을 소정크기로 절단하고 절단원목을 스팀으로 쪄서 잡균소독과 원목의 생명력을 완전히 제거시킨 다음 원목을 공간이 없도록 붙여 바닥에 깔고 원목의 절단면 사이에 밀식종균 및 종마심기를 동시에 하고 그 위에 흙으로 덮어서 천마를 재배함으로서 천마의 밀식재배 및 수확기간 단축으로 생산성을 향상시킬 수 있도록 한 것이다.The present invention is to solve this problem by cutting the wood to a predetermined size and steaming the cutting wood with steam to completely eliminate the bacteria and disinfection and vitality of the wood and then spread the wood so that there is no space between the seedlings and between the cutting surface of the wood and Simultaneous planting at the same time and covered with soil on top of the cultivation of cultivation to improve productivity by short-cultivation and harvesting time of cultivation.
도 1은 본 발명에 따른 원목 배치를 나타낸 평면도1 is a plan view showing a solid wood arrangement according to the present invention
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 천마재배상태 예시도Figure 2 is an exemplary view of cultivation state according to the present invention
* 도면의 중요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for important parts of the drawings
1 : 원목 2 : 절단부1: solid wood 2: cutting part
3 : 공간부 4 : 종균3: space part 4: spawn
5 : 종마5: stallion
본 발명의 천마를 재배하는 데 사용되는 원목은 뽕나무 버섯균의 생장이 좋은 참나무를 사용한다.Solid wood used to grow the cheonma of the present invention uses a good oak tree growth of mulberry mushroom bacteria.
먼저 참나무 원목(1)을 약 40cm규격으로 절단하고 그 절단된 원목(1)을 스팀기에서 80℃이상의 온도에서 24시간이상 스팀으로 쪄서 원목의 잡균소독 및 원목의 생명력을 완전히 제거시킨 다음 이를 2일이상 서서히 식혀서 원목 수분이 약 60%이상을 유지하고 있는 상태의 원목(1)을 바닥(7)에 원목절단부(2)가 서로 대향되고 일정간격을 갖는 공간부(3)가 형성되도록 수평선상으로 밀착배치한다.First, oak logs (1) are cut to about 40cm size, and the cut logs (1) are steamed for 24 hours at a temperature of 80 ° C or higher in a steamer to completely eliminate the disinfection of logs and vitality of logs. The above-mentioned wood is slowly cooled to keep the wood moisture at about 60% or more on the horizontal line so that the wood cutting portions 2 are opposed to each other and the space 3 having a predetermined interval is formed on the bottom 7. Place closely.
이어서 상기 원목(1)이 배치된 공간부(3)의 원목절단부(2)에 뽕나무 버섯의 종균(4)을 밀식접종함과 동시에 종마(종자용 천마자구)(5)심기를 하되 종마(5)는 종균(4)에 붙여 식재하고 흙(6)을 12∼15cm두께로 덮고난후 토양내의 온도가 약25℃이고 토양수분이 약60%에서 재배함이 바람직하며, 재배지의 기후 배수능력에 따라 변화를 준다.Subsequently, the seedlings (4) of mulberry mushrooms were closely inoculated into the wood cuttings (2) of the space (3) in which the wood (1) is disposed, and at the same time planting a stallion (seed for horses) (5) ) Is planted by attaching to the spawn (4) and covered with soil (6) with a thickness of 12 to 15 cm, and the soil temperature is preferably about 25 ℃ and soil moisture is cultivated at about 60%, depending on the climate drainage capacity of the plantation. Make a change.
그리고 여름과 겨울에는 차광 및 보온보습볏짚을 5∼10cm정도 덮어서 차광 및 온·습도의 변화를 방지한다.And in summer and winter, cover the shading and warming moist straw straw 5 ~ 10cm to prevent the change of shading and temperature and humidity.
이와 같이 된 본 발명은 천마를 재배하기 위해 사용되는 원목을 스팀으로 쪄서 잡균소독이 이루어지므로 잡균발생율을 현저하게 줄여 균사활착이 좋아지고 원목의 생명력을 완전히 제거한 상태에서 균사생육이 되므로 균사 생장이 빠르게 진행되기 때문에 천마를 2년만에 수확할 수 있게 된다.The present invention as described above is made by steaming the wood used to cultivate cheonma with steam, so that the mycelial growth rate is significantly reduced mycelial growth is good and mycelial growth in the state completely removed the vitality of the wood, so the mycelial growth As it progresses, one thousand horses can be harvested in two years.
또, 소정 길이로 절단된 원목절단부사이의 공간부에 종균과 종마를 동시에 밀식접종 및 식재하여 재배하므로 단위 면적당 수확량을 크게 높일 수 있게 될 뿐만 아니라 재배에 따른 작업관리가 수월하게 된다.In addition, since the seedlings and stallions are cultivated at the same time in the space between the wood cuts cut to a predetermined length, the seedlings and the stalls are cultivated at the same time, which greatly increases the yield per unit area and facilitates the work management according to the cultivation.
이와 같이 본 발명에 따른 천마재배방법은 원목을 스팀으로 쪄서 잡균소독과 원목의 생명력을 완전시킨 상태에서 재배되므로 당해년도에 빠른 종균활착과 동시에 종마 번식까지 가능해져서 종래에 3년만에 수확할 수 있는 것을 2년만에 수확이 가능하고 고밀식 재배에 의해 단위면적당 다수확 및 효율적인 작업이 이루어져서 생산성을 크게 향상시킬 수 있는 효과가 있는 것이다.As described above, the cultivation method according to the present invention is cultivated in a state in which the sterilization of the bacteria and the vitality of the wood is steamed by steaming the wood, so that it can be harvested in three years in the past, as well as fast seeding and breeding at the same time. It can be harvested in two years, and the high-density cultivation makes it possible to increase the productivity per unit area and increase the productivity.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102550235A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2012-07-11 | 秦绍新 | Cut-log imitated cultivation method of gastrodia elata by utilizing mulberry branches |
KR101432471B1 (en) | 2014-03-27 | 2014-08-21 | 전라북도(농업기술원) | Bed soil for growing Gastrodia elata Blume and the method for preparing thereof and the method of growing Gastrodia elata Blume using the same |
KR20160084045A (en) | 2015-01-05 | 2016-07-13 | 전라북도(농업기술원) | Hardwood layout structure for cultivating gastrodia elata blume and cultivation method of gastrodia elata blume using the same |
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CN101695247B (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2011-06-01 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | Method for comprehensively preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests in artificial gastrodia cultivation under wild-simulated condition |
CN104429455A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-03-25 | 大方县诚德中药材种植场 | Gastrodia elata high-yield cultivation method |
CN104396548A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-03-11 | 王克夫 | Intercropping method of pea, watermelon and carrot |
CN105638215B (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2019-04-19 | 腾冲秋实科贸有限公司 | A kind of Rhizoma Gastrodiae vegetative propagation plantation method |
CN105660136A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-06-15 | 赵志鑫 | Cultivation method of Gastrodia elata Bl. |
CN106134701A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-23 | 安徽梅兰园林景观工程有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Rhizoma Gastrodiae |
CN108718975A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-02 | 乐山市金口河区森之缘生态林业开发有限公司 | A kind of method of short bacteria stick field growing and cultivation Rhizoma Gastrodiae |
CN111567346A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-08-25 | 达州市农业科学研究院 | Gastrodia elata capsule twice-sowing method |
CN114651714B (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2023-08-29 | 北京中医药大学 | Gastrodia elata seed-sowing cultivation method |
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KR830001780A (en) * | 1980-03-15 | 1983-05-19 | 히로 게이다로오 | Work car |
KR19990007641A (en) * | 1998-10-16 | 1999-01-25 | 이영태 | Chunma Artificial Cultivation |
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2000
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Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR830001780A (en) * | 1980-03-15 | 1983-05-19 | 히로 게이다로오 | Work car |
KR19990007641A (en) * | 1998-10-16 | 1999-01-25 | 이영태 | Chunma Artificial Cultivation |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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논문1996년도 * |
논문1997년도 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102550235A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2012-07-11 | 秦绍新 | Cut-log imitated cultivation method of gastrodia elata by utilizing mulberry branches |
KR101432471B1 (en) | 2014-03-27 | 2014-08-21 | 전라북도(농업기술원) | Bed soil for growing Gastrodia elata Blume and the method for preparing thereof and the method of growing Gastrodia elata Blume using the same |
KR20160084045A (en) | 2015-01-05 | 2016-07-13 | 전라북도(농업기술원) | Hardwood layout structure for cultivating gastrodia elata blume and cultivation method of gastrodia elata blume using the same |
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