JPWO2015166754A1 - 半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
<構成>
以下、本実施の形態1に係る半導体装置は、炭化珪素(SiC)半導体装置であってトレンチゲート型MOSFETである場合を例にして説明する。図1は、本実施の形態1に係るMOSFETの全体構成を示す平面図である。
図6は、関連MOSFETの一部の構成を図2と同様に示す平面図である。以下、関連MOSFETにおいて、以上で説明した構成要素と同一ものについては同じ参照符号を付して、関連MOSFETのうち上述の構成要素と異なる構成要素と問題点とについて説明する。
そこで、発明者は、これを利用することで、平面視においてゲートパッド13の曲部に対向する領域41に配設されたセル中心部での空乏層厚の減少を抑制することを想起した。
次に、本実施の形態1に係るMOSFETの製造方法について説明する。図10〜図16は、当該製造方法の工程を示す図であり、具体的には、図5と同様に図2のB−B線に沿った断面図である。
以上に構成された本実施の形態1に係るMOSFETでは、コーナーセル17の平面視での外郭形状において、最も長い辺と、当該辺に対向する各辺との間の各最短距離のうち、最も長い距離が、内部セル14の均等な一辺または短辺の長さの2倍以下となるように構成される。これにより、コーナーセル17においても内部セル14と同等の空乏層厚を得ることができるため、アバランシェ破壊を抑制することができる。
なお、以上の説明では、ドリフト層2aと、バッファ層であるSiC基板1とが同じ導電型を有する構造のMOSFETについて述べたが、ドリフト層2aとSiC基板1とが異なる導電型を有する構造のIGBTに対しても適用可能である。例えば、図4及び図5に示した構成において、SiC基板1のn導電型をp導電型に代えればIGBTの構成となる。そして、そのような構成では、MOSFETのソース領域4及びソース電極10は、それぞれIGBTのエミッタ領域及びエミッタ電極に対応し、MOSFETのドレイン電極12はコレクタ電極に対応することになる。
<構成>
図19は、本発明の実施の形態2に係るMOSFETの構成の一部を、図2と同様に示す平面図である。図20は、本実施の形態2に係るMOSFETの構成の一部を示す断面図であり、具体的には、図19のD−D線に沿った断面図であり、内部セル14及びコーナーセル17の断面構成を示している。以下、本実施の形態2に係るMOSFETにおいて、以上で説明した構成要素と同一または類似するものについては同じ参照符号を付し、異なる部分について主に説明する。
図5及び図20を参照して、本実施の形態2に係るコーナーセル19の効果について説明する。コーナーセル17,19が配設された内側コーナー部では、電界状態がセル領域31の内部や他の外周部とは異なる状態となっているため、空乏層の延びが異なる。これに伴って、ソース領域4を備える実施の形態1のコーナーセル17では、ベース領域3内で上部のソース領域4から延びる空乏層と下部のドリフト層2aから延びる空乏層とが接触し、ドリフト層2aとソース領域4との間の絶縁が破れてキャリアが流れるパンチスルー現象が生じる可能性が多少ある。
<構成>
図21は、本実施の形態3に係るMOSFETの構成の一部を、図20と同様に示す断面図である。以下、本実施の形態3に係るMOSFETにおいて、以上で説明した構成要素と同一または類似するものについては同じ参照符号を付し、異なる部分について主に説明する。
図21を参照して、本実施の形態3に係るコーナーセル20の効果について説明する。コーナーセル20などの各種セルにアバランシェ電流が流れる経路は、ドレイン電極12とソース電極10との間である。このため、耐圧の低いコーナーセル20において、ソース電極10と、ソース領域4及びベース領域3とが電気的に絶縁されている本実施の形態3によれば、全体の耐圧を向上させることができる。また、本実施の形態3に係るMOSFETの製造方法としては、実施の形態1の図15の工程において、コーナーセル20における層間絶縁膜9を除去しないようにするだけでよく、容易に実現することができる。また、本実施の形態3に係るコーナーセル20は、単独でMOSFETの機能を有さないが、それに伴うオン抵抗の増加分は、実施の形態2と同様、実質的にほぼ無視できる程度である。
<構成>
図22は、本発明の実施の形態4に係るMOSFETの構成の一部を、図2と同様に示す平面図である。図23は、本実施の形態4に係るMOSFETの構成の一部を、図20と同様に示す断面図であり、具体的には図22のC−C線に沿った断面図である。以下、本実施の形態4に係るMOSFETにおいて、以上で説明した構成要素と同一または類似するものについては同じ参照符号を付し、異なる部分について主に説明する。
図21を参照して、本実施の形態4に係る無効領域42の効果について説明する。コーナーセル17などが配設される領域41(図3)がセル領域31に占める割合は実質的に無視できる程度である。しかし、当該領域41はこれまで説明してきたようにアバランシェ破壊が生じやすいため通常のセルを配設することが難しい。そこで、当該領域41全体をトレンチ51とし、その底部に保護拡散層52を設けることで当該領域41での耐圧低下を防ぎ、全体の耐圧を向上させることができる。
Claims (9)
- ゲートパッドと、
平面視において前記ゲートパッドの角部に対向する領域に配設された第1セルと、
平面視において前記第1セルに対して前記ゲートパッドと逆側の領域に配設された第2セルと
を備え、
前記第1及び第2セルのそれぞれは、
第1導電型の半導体層と、
前記半導体層の上部に形成された第2導電型のベース領域と、
前記ベース領域を貫通して前記ベース領域下の前記半導体層に達するトレンチ内に、ゲート絶縁膜を介して配設されるとともに、前記第1及び第2セルの平面視での外郭形状に対応するパターンを有し、かつ、前記ゲートパッドと電気的に接続されたゲート電極と、
前記トレンチの底部に形成された第2導電型の保護拡散層と
を備え、
前記第1及び第2セルのうち少なくとも前記第2セルは、
前記ベース領域の上部のうち、前記ゲート絶縁膜に隣接する部分に形成された第1導電型のソース領域と、
前記ベース領域及び前記ソース領域と電気的に接続されたソース電極と
をさらに備え、
前記第1及び第2セルの前記外郭形状は、四角形以上の多角形状であり、
前記第1セルの前記外郭形状において、最も長い辺と、当該辺に対向する各辺との間の各最短距離のうち、最も長い距離が、前記第2セルの均等な一辺または短辺の長さの2倍以下である、半導体装置。 - 請求項1に記載の半導体装置であって、
前記第1セルの前記多角形状の頂点は、前記第2セルの前記多角形状の頂点よりも多い、半導体装置。 - 請求項1に記載の半導体装置であって、
前記第1セルの前記多角形状の内角は全て90°以上である、半導体装置。 - 請求項1に記載の半導体装置であって、
前記第1セルは前記ソース領域を備えない、半導体装置。 - 請求項1に記載の半導体装置であって、
前記第1セルにおいて、前記ソース電極と、前記ベース領域及び前記ソース領域とが電気的に絶縁されている、半導体装置。 - 請求項1に記載の半導体装置であって、
前記第1セルは、
前記ソース領域及び前記ゲート電極をさらに備え、単独でスイッチング素子の機能を有する、半導体装置。 - ゲートパッドと、
セルと、
前記セルが存在しない、平面視において前記ゲートパッドの角部に対向する領域である無効領域と
を備え、
前記セルは、
第1導電型の半導体層と、
前記半導体層の上部に形成された第2導電型のベース領域と、
前記ベース領域を貫通して前記ベース領域下の前記半導体層に達する第1トレンチ内に、ゲート絶縁膜を介して配設されるとともに、前記セルの平面視での外郭形状に対応するパターンを有し、かつ、前記ゲートパッドと電気的に接続されたゲート電極と、
前記第1トレンチの底部に形成された第2導電型の第1保護拡散層と、
前記ベース領域の上部のうち、前記ゲート絶縁膜に隣接する部分に形成された第1導電型のソース領域と、
前記ベース領域及び前記ソース領域と電気的に接続されたソース電極と
を備え、
前記無効領域は、
前記ベース領域を貫通して前記ベース領域下の前記半導体層に達する第2トレンチの底部に形成された第2導電型の第2保護拡散層を備え、前記第2トレンチは前記第1トレンチよりも幅が大きい、半導体装置。 - 請求項1から請求項7のうちいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置であって、
前記半導体層は、ワイドバンドギャップ半導体を含む、半導体装置。 - 請求項1から請求項7のうちいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置であって、
前記ゲートパッドの前記角部は曲部を含む、半導体装置。
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