JPWO2013088934A1 - 有機電界発光素子用材料及びそれを用いた有機電界発光素子 - Google Patents
有機電界発光素子用材料及びそれを用いた有機電界発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2013088934A1 JPWO2013088934A1 JP2013549189A JP2013549189A JPWO2013088934A1 JP WO2013088934 A1 JPWO2013088934 A1 JP WO2013088934A1 JP 2013549189 A JP2013549189 A JP 2013549189A JP 2013549189 A JP2013549189 A JP 2013549189A JP WO2013088934 A1 JPWO2013088934 A1 JP WO2013088934A1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 88
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- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
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- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 abstract description 7
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- XFJBGINZIMNZBW-CRAIPNDOSA-N 5-chloro-2-[4-[(1r,2s)-2-[2-(5-methylsulfonylpyridin-2-yl)oxyethyl]cyclopropyl]piperidin-1-yl]pyrimidine Chemical compound N1=CC(S(=O)(=O)C)=CC=C1OCC[C@H]1[C@@H](C2CCN(CC2)C=2N=CC(Cl)=CN=2)C1 XFJBGINZIMNZBW-CRAIPNDOSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004106 butoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
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- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical class C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000003707 hexyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
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- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
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- QKTRRACPJVYJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazolo[5,4-b]pyridine Chemical class C1=CN=C2SN=NC2=C1 QKTRRACPJVYJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- UWRZIZXBOLBCON-VOTSOKGWSA-N (e)-2-phenylethenamine Chemical class N\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 UWRZIZXBOLBCON-VOTSOKGWSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- RQGPLDBZHMVWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole Chemical class C1=NC2=CC=NC2=C1 RQGPLDBZHMVWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYNROBRQIVCIQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5,6-dione Chemical class C1=CN=C2C(=O)C(=O)N=C21 FYNROBRQIVCIQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-8-ol Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/40—Organosilicon compounds, e.g. TIPS pentacene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/02—Boron compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
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Abstract
Description
一般式(2)中、環CB、R、Aは、一般式(1)の環CB、R、Aと同意であり、pは0〜3の整数、nは0〜3の整数を表す。
本発明の有機EL素子は、基板に支持されていることが好ましい。この基板については、特に制限はなく、従来から有機ELに慣用されているものであれば良く、例えば、ガラス、透明プラスチック、石英などからなるものを用いることができる。
有機EL素子における陽極としては、仕事関数の大きい(4eV以上)金属、合金、電気伝導性化合物及びこれらの混合物を電極物質とするものが好ましく用いられる。このような電極物質の具体例としてはAu等の金属、CuI、酸化インジウムスズ(ITO)、SnO2、ZnO等の導電性透明材料が挙げられる。また、IDIXO(In2O3-ZnO)等非晶質で透明導電膜を作製可能な材料を用いてもよい。陽極はこれらの電極物質を蒸着やスパッタリング等の方法により、薄膜を形成させ、フォトリソグラフィー法で所望の形状のパターンを形成してもよい。あるいは、有機導電性化合物のように塗布可能な物質を用いる場合には、印刷方式、コーティング方式等湿式成膜法を用いることもできる。この陽極より発光を取り出す場合には、透過率を10%より大きくすることが望ましく、また陽極としてのシート抵抗は数100Ω/□以下が好ましい。更に膜厚は材料にもよるが、通常10〜1000nm、好ましくは10〜200nmの範囲で選ばれる。
一方、陰極としては、仕事関数の小さい(4eV)以下)金属(電子注入性金属と称する)、合金、電気伝導性化合物及びこれらの混合物を電極物質とするものが用いられる。このような電極物質の具体例としては、ナトリウム、ナトリウム―カリウム合金、マグネシウム、リチウム、マグネシウム/銅混合物、マグネシウム/銀混合物、マグネシウム/アルミニウム混合物、マグネシウム/インジウム混合物、アルミニウム/酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)混合物、リチウム/アルミニウム混合物、アルミニウム等が好適である。陰極はこれらの電極物質を蒸着やスパッタリング等の方法により薄膜を形成させることにより、作製することができる。また、陰極としてのシート抵抗は数100Ω/□以下が好ましく、膜厚は通常10nm〜5μm、好ましくは50〜200nmの範囲で選ばれる。なお、発光した光を透過させるため、有機EL素子の陽極又は陰極のいずれか一方が、透明又は半透明であれば発光輝度が向上し、好都合である。
発光層は、陽極及び陰極のそれぞれから注入された正孔及び電子が再結合することにより励起子が生成した後、発光する層であり、発光層には有機発光材料とホスト材料を含むことが望ましい。
注入層とは、駆動電圧低下や発光輝度向上のために電極と有機層間に設けられる層のことで、正孔注入層と電子注入層があり、陽極と発光層又は正孔輸送層の間、及び陰極と発光層又は電子輸送層との間に存在させてもよい。注入層は必要に応じて設けることができる。
正孔阻止層とは広い意味では電子輸送層の機能を有し、電子を輸送する機能を有しつつ正孔を輸送する能力が著しく小さい正孔阻止材料からなり、電子を輸送しつつ正孔を阻止することで電子と正孔の再結合確率を向上させることができる。
電子阻止層とは、正孔を輸送する機能を有しつつ電子を輸送する能力が著しく小さい材料からなり、正孔を輸送しつつ電子を阻止することで電子と正孔が再結合する確率を向上させることができる。
励起子阻止層とは、発光層内で正孔と電子が再結合することにより生じた励起子が電荷輸送層に拡散することを阻止するための層であり、本層の挿入により励起子を効率的に発光層内に閉じ込めることが可能となり、素子の発光効率を向上させることができる。励起子阻止層は発光層に隣接して陽極側、陰極側のいずれにも挿入することができ、両方同時に挿入することも可能である。
正孔輸送層とは正孔を輸送する機能を有する正孔輸送材料からなり、正孔輸送層は単層又は複数層を設けることができる。
電子輸送層とは電子を輸送する機能を有する材料からなり、電子輸送層は単層又は複数層設けることができる。
FD-MS, m/z 660, 1H-NMR 測定結果(測定溶媒:THF-d8)を図2に示す。
膜厚110nmのITO基板からなる陽極に形成されたガラス基板上に、各薄膜を真空蒸着法にて、真空度4.0×10-5Paで積層させた。まず、ITO上にCuPcを20nmの厚さに形成した。次に、正孔輸送層としてNPBを20nmの厚さに形成した。次に、正孔輸送層上に、ホスト材料としての化合物30とドーパントとしてのIr(ppy)3とを異なる蒸着源から、共蒸着し、30nmの厚さに発光層を形成した。この時、Ir(ppy)3の濃度は10wt%であった。次に電子輸送層としてAlq3を40nmの厚さに形成した。更に、電子輸送層上に、電子注入層としてフッ化リチウム(LiF)を1nmの厚さに形成した。最後に、電子注入層上に、電極としてアルミニウム(Al)を70nmの厚さに形成し、有機EL素子を作製した。
実施例1と同様に、化合物1、17、18、23、48、58、59、102を合成し、実施例2の発光層のホスト材料として、化合物30に変えて化合物1、17、18、23、48、58、59、102を用いた以外は実施例2と同様にして有機EL素子を作製した。各々の素子発光スペクトルの極大波長は540nmであり、Ir(ppy)3からの発光が得られていることがわかった。各々の特性を表1に示す。
実施例2における発光層のホスト材料としてCBPを用いた以外は実施例2と同様にして有機EL素子を作製した。素子発光スペクトルの極大波長は535nmであり、Ir(ppy)3からの発光が得られていると同定された。表1に発光特性を示す。
実施例における発光層のホスト材料として化合物H-1を用いた以外は実施例2と同様にして有機EL素子を作製した。素子発光スペクトルの極大波長は540nmであり、Ir(ppy)3からの発光が得られていると同定された。表1に発光特性を示す。
膜厚110nmのITO基板からなる陽極に形成されたガラス基板上に、各薄膜を真空蒸着法にて、真空度4.0×10-5Paで積層させた。まず、ITO上にCuPcを20nmの厚さに形成した。次に、正孔輸送層としてNPBを20nmの厚さに形成した。次に、正孔輸送層上に、ホスト材料としてのCBPとドーパントとしてのIr(ppy)3とを異なる蒸着源から、共蒸着し、30nmの厚さに発光層を形成した。この時、Ir(ppy)3の濃度は10wt%であった。そして正孔阻止層として化合物58を10nmの厚さに形成した。次に電子輸送層としてAlq3を30nmの厚さに形成した。更に、電子輸送層上に、電子注入層としてフッ化リチウム(LiF)を1nmの厚さに形成した。最後に、電子注入層上に、電極としてアルミニウム(Al)を70nmの厚さに形成し、有機EL素子を作製した。
実施例13の正孔阻止層である化合物58に変えて化合物27、28、又は59を用いた以外は実施例13と同様にして有機EL素子を作製した。
実施例13の正孔阻止層である化合物58に変えてBCP(Bathocuproine)を用いた以外は実施例13と同様にして有機EL素子を作製した。
実施例14〜17の素子発光スペクトルの極大波長は540nmであり、Ir(ppy)3からの発光が得られていると同定された。表2に発光特性として、初期特性(@20mA/cm2)を示す。
Claims (6)
- 一般式(1)で表されるカルボラン化合物からなる有機電界発光素子用材料。
一般式(1)中、環CBは、式(a)、式(b)または式(c)の何れかで表わされる−C2B10H10−の2価のカルボラン基を示し、分子内に環CBが複数存在する場合は同一であっても異なっていてもよい。Rは、水素、置換または未置換の炭素数1〜12の脂肪族炭化水素基、置換または未置換の炭素数6〜50の芳香族炭化水素基、置換または未置換の炭素数3〜50の芳香族複素環基を表し、複数のRは同一であっても異なってもよい。Aは、直接結合、水素、置換または未置換の炭素数1〜12の脂肪族炭化水素基、Si(R)d基、置換または未置換の炭素数6〜50の芳香族炭化水素基、置換また未置換の炭素数3〜50の芳香族複素環基を表すが、p+mが1の場合以外は水素であることはなく、p+mが2の場合以外は直接結合であることはなく、水素及び直接結合以外の基である場合は、p+m価の基であり、Si(R)d基のRは上記のRと同意であり、dは4-(p+m)の整数である。pは0〜3の整数、mは1〜4の整数、nは0〜3の整数を表し、p+mは1〜4の整数を表す。 - 一般式(1)において、mが1で、環CBが式(b)で表わされる2価のカルボラン基である請求項1に記載の有機電界発光素子用材料。
- 一般式(1)において、pが0である請求項1に記載の有機電界発光素子用材料。
- 基板上に、陽極、有機層及び陰極が積層されてなる有機電界発光素子において、発光層、正孔輸送層、電子輸送層、電子阻止層、及び正孔阻止層からなる群れから選ばれる少なくとも一つの層に請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子用材料を含有させたことを特徴とする有機電界発光素子。
- 発光層に請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子用材料と燐光発光ドーパントを含有することを特徴とする請求項5記載の有機電界発光素子。
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WO2013088934A1 (ja) | 2013-06-20 |
EP2793280A4 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
TW201341392A (zh) | 2013-10-16 |
KR101965292B1 (ko) | 2019-04-04 |
CN103988329A (zh) | 2014-08-13 |
EP2793280A1 (en) | 2014-10-22 |
TWI593698B (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
KR20140112501A (ko) | 2014-09-23 |
JP6006732B2 (ja) | 2016-10-12 |
US20140332792A1 (en) | 2014-11-13 |
US9865829B2 (en) | 2018-01-09 |
EP2793280B1 (en) | 2017-03-29 |
CN103988329B (zh) | 2016-07-13 |
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