JPWO2012004917A1 - 神経突起伸長剤 - Google Patents
神経突起伸長剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2012004917A1 JPWO2012004917A1 JP2012523500A JP2012523500A JPWO2012004917A1 JP WO2012004917 A1 JPWO2012004917 A1 JP WO2012004917A1 JP 2012523500 A JP2012523500 A JP 2012523500A JP 2012523500 A JP2012523500 A JP 2012523500A JP WO2012004917 A1 JPWO2012004917 A1 JP WO2012004917A1
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- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000225 synapse Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000004992 toluidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ISDBYDBAKGWSCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy phosphate Chemical compound COOP(=O)(OOC)OOC ISDBYDBAKGWSCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FTVLMFQEYACZNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F FTVLMFQEYACZNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012588 trypsin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002753 trypsin inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010046766 uterine cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
NADのニコチンアミド部分のβ−D−リボース部分の鏡像異性体であるβ−L−リボースをニコチンアミドモノヌクレオチドの構成糖とする本件NAD類縁体を化学合成して神経突起伸長効果を検証した。本件NAD類縁体は、以下の工程に従って合成した。
Tanimori et al.(Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 12, 1135-1137 (2002) 参照)のニコチンアミドとリボースからのニコチンアミドリボシド合成法と、J. Lee et al(Chem. Comm., 1999, 729-730)のリボース部分の5位水酸基のリン酸化反応の方法に従い、β−L−リボースを構成糖とするニコチンアミドモノヌクレオチドとして本件ニコチンアミドモノヌクレオチド部の合成を行った(図2参照)。具体的には、ニコチンアミド(Wako社製)172mgとL−リボーステトラアセテート(Sigma社製)400mgとを、無水アセトニトリル10mLに溶解し、窒素気流下、トリメチルシリルトリフルオロスルホン酸(TMSOTf)を過剰量添加後、室温にて1時間30分反応液を攪拌した。メタノール5.0mLを添加して反応を停止させた上記反応液を、活性炭(Wako社製)を充填したカラム(直径1.5cm×長さ3cm)に付し、蒸留水で洗浄後、メタノールで溶出して生成物を回収した。
図3にAMPと本件ニコチンアミドモノヌクレオチド部のリン酸エステル結合の合成ステップを示す。AMPとしては、リボース部分がβ−D−リボースである市販のAMP活性錯体(AMP−モルフォリデート(morpholidate))を用いた。
本件NAD類縁体の精製は、L−2130形ポンプ、L−2450形ダイオードアレイ検出器(PDA)、L−2200形オートサンプラー、L−2300形カラムオーブン(いずれも日立ハイテク社製)、フラクションコレクターSF−2100(アドバンテック社製)からなるHPLC−PDAシステムを用いて行った。HPLCの分離条件は以下のとおりである。
カラム:コスモシールpackedカラムHILIC, 250mm×4.6mm i.d.(ナカライテスク社製)
サンプル濃度:40mg/mL(H2O)
注入量:30μL
カラム温度:40℃
流速:1mL/min
溶媒A:H2O
溶媒B:100mmol CH3COONH4水溶液
グラジエント:A:B=90:10(0分)、70:30(13分)、0:100(15分)、0:100(18分)、90:10(19分)、90:10(25分)
分取条件:0〜25分、25フラクション(分取インターバル1分)
質量(FAB MS)スペクトル測定は、日本電子株式会社製 JMS−700T(イオン源:Xe atom beam、加速電圧:10kv、分解能:5000)にて行った。プロトン核磁気共鳴スペクトル(1H−NMR:500MHz)、カーボン核磁気共鳴スペクトル(13C−NMR:125MHz)は、日本電子株式会社製 JNM−A500(サンプル濃度:1.5%(w/v%)、測定濃度:35℃、溶媒:D2O、デジタル分解能:1H−NMR(500MHz)0.31Hz;13C−NMR(125MHz)1.03Hz)で測定した。化学シフトは、 tetramethylsilane(TMS)を内部標準とし、δ値(ppm)で表し、結合定数(J)は、Hzで表した。シグナルの表示には、次の略号を用いた。「s:singlet、d:doublet、t:triplet、q:quartet、dd:double doublet、td:triplet doublet、 m:multiplet.」(表1等参照。)
高分解能MS測定を行った結果、m/z=664のプロトン化分子((M+H)+)について精密質量664.1168が得られた。構成元素をC,H,N,S,Pとして組成演算し、組成式としてC21H28N7O14P2を選択し、核磁気共鳴スペクトルとの結果より、得られた本件NAD類縁体は、上記式(VII)で表される構造を有する新規化合物であることを決定した。上記式(VII)は、体系名として3−(アミノカルボニル)−1−[5−O−[[1−(6−アミノ−9H−プリン−9−イル)−1−デオキシ−β−D−リボフラノース−5−O−イル]ホスホニルオキシ(オキシラト)ホスフィニル]−β−L−リボフラノシル]ピリジニウムと表すこともできる。
[本件NAD類縁体のマウス神経芽腫細胞に及ぼす効果]
神経突起伸張効果を検討する際のモデル細胞であるマウス由来神経芽腫細胞を用いて、神経突起の誘導作用について検証した。マウス由来神経芽腫細胞(Neuro−2a細胞)(Health Science Research Resources Bankより入手)を、106cells/mLに調整して10%ウシ胎児血清添加イーグル最小必須培地(Eagle’s minimal essential medium;EME)培養液で5%CO2存在下、37℃にて培養した。
妊娠15日の Sprague-Dawley(SD)ラットから胎児を取り出し、実体顕微鏡下で中脳腹側部を切り分けた後、メスで細切して、0.25%トリプシン含有PBS中で37℃、20分間処理して細胞を分散させた。その後、50μg/mLのデオキシリボヌクレアーゼI(DNaseI)と50μg/mLのトリプシンインヒビター(trypsin inhibitor)を含むPBSで37℃にて5分間処理を行うことによりラット胎児中脳ドーパミン神経細胞を得た。得られたラット胎児中脳ドーパミン神経細胞は、ウシ血清10%添加ダルベッコ改変イーグル培地(Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium:DMEM)培養液で5%CO2存在下、37℃にて培養した。
[本件NAD類縁体のヒト神経芽腫細胞由来のNB−1細胞に及ぼす効果]
神経伸長のモデル細胞として、ヒト神経芽腫細胞由来細胞を用いて、神経突起の誘導作用について検証した。ヒト神経芽腫細胞(NB−1細胞)(Health Science Research Resources Bank より入手)を、103cells/mLに調整して10%ウシ胎児血清添加イーグル最小必須培地(Eagle’s minimal essential medium;EME)培養液で5%CO2存在下、37℃にて培養した。
本件NAD類縁体をラット神経細胞の培養時に添加し、神経細胞における遺伝子発現をマイクロアレイ解析により調べた。
神経細胞はLONZA社(米国)から購入したラット胎児線状神経細胞(ドーパミン細胞)を用いた。細胞は1.0×105cells/mLに濃度を調整し、5%CO2存在下37℃にて培養した。培養液は、初代神経細胞培養用無血清培地(LONZA社製)を用い、プロトコールに従って調製した。培養シャーレは、表面をポリリジン処理したものを用いた。本件NAD類縁体は培養液中における終濃度が10μg/mLになるように調整し、細胞培養開始と同時に添加した。24時間後に常法に従い、TRIZOL(登録商標)(Invitrogen社)を用いて細胞からRNAを抽出し、1日目の試料とし、細胞培養開始から48時間培養後に細胞からRNAを抽出し2日目の試料とした。なお、本件NAD類縁体を添加しない培養物を陰性対照とした。
以上のとおり、本件NAD類縁体を添加して発現変動の見られた遺伝子を抽出しIPAによる解析を行った結果、培養24時間の神経細胞では対照培養(本件NAD類縁体)と比較して、上記表4や表5に示すように細胞の形態変化を支持する複数の遺伝子が有意に発現していることが確認された。したがって、本件NAD類縁体は、中枢神経細胞に対して神経突起の伸長をもたらすなど、形態を変化させる作用すなわち分化誘導能を有していることが分子生物学的解析で確認された。本件NAD類縁体がドーパミン細胞の分化をもたらすことが明らかになった。このことはドーパミン細胞の異常に起因するパーキンソン病や関連が指摘されている鬱病の改善に利用・応用可能であることを示唆する。
以下に示す培養細胞について、本件NAD類縁体の効果について検討した。なお、ヒト神経芽腫由来細胞(NB−1細胞)及びヒト骨髄性白血病細胞(HL−60細胞)は独立行政法人理化学研究所から購入した。ヒト繊維肉腫細胞(HT1080細胞)及びヒト結腸腺がん細胞(HT29細胞)は大日本住友製薬株式会社から購入した。また、レチノイン酸耐性白血病細胞(UF−1細胞)は慶応義塾大学木崎昌弘博士から分与を受けた。これらの細胞は、5%CO2存在下37℃にて培養した。
神経突起伸長効果を検討するためのモデル細胞として用いられているヒト神経芽腫由来細胞(NB−1細胞)の細胞数を106cells/mLに調整した。かかるNB−1細胞をイーグルMEM培地に仔牛血清を最終濃度で10%となるよう添加し、さらに本件NAD類縁体を10μg/mL添加した培地にて培養し、7日経過後に位相差顕微鏡を用いて細胞の形態変化を倍率200倍にて観察した。結果を図16に示す。
図16Bから明らかな通り、本件NAD類縁体を添加していない培地で培養された細胞(図16A)と比較して、本件NAD類縁体を添加した培地で培養されたNB−1細胞においては神経突起様の構造物が著明に伸長していることが観察された。したがって、本件NAD類縁体が、神経細胞の突起伸長作用を促す作用を有することが明らかとなった。
ヒト骨髄性白血病細胞(HL−60細胞)の細胞数を1.0×104cells/mLに調整した。かかるHL−60細胞をイーグルMEM培地に仔牛血清を最終濃度で10%となるよう添加し、さらに本件NAD類縁体を0,2.0,4.0,8.0μg/mLの各濃度に調整して添加した培地にて培養し、5日経過後に細胞数を計測した。結果を図17に示す。
t検定により解析し、p<0.05を有意差ありと判定したところ、本件NAD類縁体を2.0μg/mL以上の量を添加した場合8.0μg/mLに至るまで、HL−60細胞の増殖が明らかに抑制されることがわかった(図17参照)。
ヒト骨髄性白血病細胞(HL−60細胞)の細胞数を1.0×104cells/mLに調整した。かかるHL−60細胞をRPMI培地に仔牛血清を最終濃度で10%となるよう添加し、さらに本件NAD類縁体を10μg/mL又は20μg/mLの各濃度に調整して添加した培地にて培養し、4日後に細胞の核染色を行い、蛍光顕微鏡で観察した。結果を図18Bに示す。また、細胞からDNAを常法により抽出して電気泳動を行った。結果を図18Cに示す。
図18Aは本件NAD類縁体を添加していない対照でHL−60細胞の核の形態には変化を認められないが、本件NAD類縁体を添加した培地で4日間培養した図18BではHL−60細胞の核の分断が明瞭に観察された。この現象は細胞がアポトーシスを起こしていることを示すものである。図18Cは、HL−60細胞から抽出したDNAの電気泳動の結果を示し、レーン1は分子サイズマーカー、レーン2は対照、レーン3、4は本件NAD類縁体をそれぞれ10μg/mL、20μg/mLをそれぞれ添加して培養した細胞のDNAを電気泳動したものであり、アポトーシスによるDNAの断片化が「ラダー」として観察された。レーン5は陽性対照として抗がん剤アクチノマイシンDを添加した培地で培養したHL−60細胞から抽出したDNAを電気泳動したものである。これらの結果は、本件のNAD類縁体がHL−60細胞に対してアポトーシスを誘導していることを示している。
レチノイン酸耐性白血病細胞(UF−1細胞)の細胞数を1.0×104cells/mLに調整した。かかるUF−1細胞をRPMI培地に仔牛血清を最終濃度で10%となるよう添加し、さらに本件NAD類縁体を0,2.0,4.0,8.0μg/mLの各濃度に調整して添加した培地にて培養し、28日経過後に細胞数を計測した。結果を図19に示す。
t検定により解析し、p<0.05を有意差ありと判定したところ、本件NAD類縁体を8.0μg/mL以上の量を添加した場合に有意に抑制されたと判断され、明らかに細胞の増殖が抑制効果があることが確認された(図19参照)。従来、骨髄性白血病細胞の治療にはレチノイン酸による分化誘導療法が行われているが、白血病細胞はやがてレチノイン酸に対して耐性を獲得し、レチノイン酸の効果が無力化されることが知られている。しかし、本件NAD類縁体を用いた試験結果から、レチノイン酸に耐性を獲得した白血病細胞に対しても本件NAD類縁体は増殖抑制作用を有することを確認した。通常それほどの長期間にわたって培養を行うことはないが、かかる結果が、28日間の培養後に見いだされたという点で画期的であり、白血病の治療に応用が可能であることを示唆するものである。
[ヒト繊維肉腫細胞(HT1080細胞)の増殖抑制効果]
ヒト繊維肉腫細胞(HT1080細胞)の細胞数を1.0×104cells/mLに調整した。かかるHT1080細胞をイーグルMEM培地に仔牛血清を最終濃度で10%となるよう添加し、さらに本件NAD類縁体を0,2.0,4.0,8.0μg/mLの各濃度に調整して添加した培地にて培養し、7日経過後に細胞数を計測した。結果を図20に示す。
ヒト結腸腺がん細胞(HT29細胞)の細胞数を1.0×104cells/mLに調整した。かかるHT29細胞をイーグルMEM培地に仔牛血清を最終濃度で10%となるよう添加し、さらに本件NAD類縁体を0,2.0,4.0,8.0μg/mLの各濃度に調整して添加した培地にて培養し、7日経過後に細胞数を計測した。結果を図21に示す。
t検定により解析し、p<0.05を有意差ありと判定したところ、2μg/mL以上の量を添加した場合、有意に細胞の増殖が抑制されることが確認された(図21参照)。HT1080細胞及びHT29細胞についての結果から、本件NAD類縁体は、腫瘍細胞増殖抑制効果を有することが確認された。
Claims (10)
- 3−(アミノカルボニル)−1−[5−O−[[1−(6−アミノ−9H−プリン−9−イル)−1−デオキシ−β−D−リボフラノース−5−O−イル]ホスホニルオキシ(オキシラト)ホスフィニル]−β−L−リボフラノシル]ピリジニウムである化合物。
- 請求項1記載の化合物又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含む神経軸策・神経突起伸長剤。
- 請求項1記載の化合物又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含むがん細胞の増殖抑制・アポトーシス誘導剤。
- 請求項1記載の化合物又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を、神経軸策と突起の伸長剤として使用する方法。
- 請求項1記載の化合物又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を、がん細胞の増殖抑制・アポトーシス誘導剤として使用する方法。
- 請求項1記載の化合物又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を、神経軸策と突起の伸長剤製造のために使用する方法。
- 請求項1記載の化合物又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を、がん細胞の増殖抑制・アポトーシス誘導剤製造のために使用する方法。
- 以下の式(I)
で表わされるニコチンアミドモノヌクレオチドと、以下の式(II)
で表わされるアデノシン一リン酸モルフォリデートとを、反応させることを特徴とする以下の式(III)
で表される化合物の製造方法。 - 以下の式(I)
で表わされるニコチンアミドモノヌクレオチドが、以下の式(IV)
で表わされるニコチンアミドと、以下の式(V)
で表わされるL−リボーステトラアセテートとを、反応して得られる以下の式(VI)
で表わされるニコチンアミドモノヌクレオシドをリン酸化して製造されることを特徴とする請求項8記載の式(I)で表わされる化合物の製造方法。 - 請求項1記載の化合物又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を添加したことを特徴とする食品又は食品素材。
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US10323058B2 (en) | 2014-07-24 | 2019-06-18 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Crystalline form of nicotinamide riboside |
TWI723000B (zh) | 2014-10-20 | 2021-04-01 | 蘑法生物科技股份有限公司 | 靈芝免疫調節蛋白於促進神經突生長之新用途 |
WO2016144660A1 (en) | 2015-03-09 | 2016-09-15 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Crystalline form of nicotinamide riboside |
CN104817604B (zh) * | 2015-03-16 | 2017-08-04 | 邦泰生物工程(深圳)有限公司 | 一种β‑烟酰胺单核苷酸的纯化方法 |
EP3302059A4 (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2018-10-03 | Chromadex, Inc. | Selective solvent free phosphorylation |
KR102354784B1 (ko) | 2015-08-05 | 2022-01-25 | 메트로 인터내셔널 바이오테크 엘엘씨 | 니코틴아미드 모노뉴클레오티드 유도체 및 그 용도 |
GB2542881B (en) | 2015-10-02 | 2020-01-01 | Carr Andrew | Crystal forms of ß-nicotinamide mononucleotide |
WO2019126482A1 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2019-06-27 | Elysium Health, Inc. | Crystalline forms of nicotinamide riboside chloride |
AU2019214858B2 (en) | 2018-01-30 | 2023-02-02 | Metro International Biotech, Llc | Nicotinamide riboside analogs, pharmaceutical compositions, and uses thereof |
WO2019210607A1 (zh) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-11-07 | 邦泰生物工程(深圳)有限公司 | 一种稳定型烟酰胺核糖组合物及其制备方法 |
US11939348B2 (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2024-03-26 | Metro International Biotech, Llc | Compositions comprising a phosphorus derivative of nicotinamide riboside and methods for modulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide |
US10618927B1 (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2020-04-14 | Metro International Biotech, Llc | Compositions and methods for modulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide |
CN110483601A (zh) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-22 | 上海龙翔生物医药开发有限公司 | 制备β-烟酸胺单核苷酸的方法及其应用 |
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