JPWO2010150748A1 - 光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物 - Google Patents
光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2010150748A1 JPWO2010150748A1 JP2011519887A JP2011519887A JPWO2010150748A1 JP WO2010150748 A1 JPWO2010150748 A1 JP WO2010150748A1 JP 2011519887 A JP2011519887 A JP 2011519887A JP 2011519887 A JP2011519887 A JP 2011519887A JP WO2010150748 A1 JPWO2010150748 A1 JP WO2010150748A1
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Abstract
Description
加えて、この様な保護膜を、カラー液晶表示装置や固体撮像素子に用いられるカラーフィルタの保護膜として使用する場合には、カラーフィルタを透過する光の透過率を維持するために、高い透明性を有する膜であることが必要とされる。
すなわち、第1観点として、(A)成分である光二量化部位及び熱架橋部位を有するアクリル共重合体と(B)成分である架橋剤とを含有する、光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物に関する。
<(A)成分>
(A)成分は光二量化部位及び熱架橋部位を有するアクリル共重合体である。
本発明において、アクリル共重合体としてはアクリル酸エステル、メタクリル酸エステル、スチレン等の不飽和二重結合を有するモノマーを重合して得られる共重合体が適用されうる。
(A)成分の光二量化部位及び熱架橋部位を有するアクリル共重合体(以下特定共重合体ともいう)は、斯かる構造を有するアクリル共重合体であればよく、アクリル共重合体を構成する高分子の主鎖の骨格及び側鎖の種類などについて特に限定されない。
特に、上記式[1]又は式[2]で表される構造のシンナモイル基を有するモノマーがより好ましい。そのようなモノマーの具体例を、下記式[3]又は式[4]に示す。
前記アクリル酸エステル化合物としては、例えば、メチルアクリレート、エチルアクリレート、イソプロピルアクリレート、ベンジルアクリレート、ナフチルアクリレート、アントリルアクリレート、アントリルメチルアクリレート、フェニルアクリレート、グリシジルアクリレート、2,2,2−トリフルオロエチルアクリレート、tert−ブチルアクリレート、シクロヘキシルアクリレート、イソボルニルアクリレート、2−メトキシエチルアクリレート、メトキシトリエチレングリコールアクリレート、2−エトキシエチルアクリレート、2−アミノエチルアクリレート、テトラヒドロフルフリルアクリレート、3−メトキシブチルアクリレート、2−メチル−2−アダマンチルアクリレート、2−プロピル−2−アダマンチルアクリレート、8−メチル−8−トリシクロデシルアクリレート、及び、8−エチル−8−トリシクロデシルアクリレート等が挙げられる。
前記方法により得られる特定共重合体は、通常、溶剤に溶解した溶液の状態である。
本発明の(B)成分は、(A)成分である特定共重合体の熱架橋部位と結合する架橋剤である。架橋剤としては、エポキシ化合物、メチロール化合物、及びイソシアナート化合物等の化合物が挙げられるが、好ましくはメチロール化合物である。
アルコキシメチル化グリコールウリルの具体例としては、例えば、1,3,4,6−テトラキス(メトキシメチル)グリコールウリル、1,3,4,6−テトラキス(ブトキシメチル)グリコールウリル、1,3,4,6−テトラキス(ヒドロキシメチル)グリコールウリル、1,3−ビス(ヒドロキシメチル)尿素、1,1,3,3−テトラキス(ブトキシメチル)尿素、1,1,3,3−テトラキス(メトキシメチル)尿素、1,3−ビス(ヒドロキシメチル)−4,5−ジヒドロキシ−2−イミダゾリノン、及び1,3−ビス(メトキシメチル)−4,5−ジメトキシ−2−イミダゾリノン等が挙げられる。市販品として、三井サイテック(株)製グリコールウリル化合物(商品名サイメル1170、パウダーリンク1174)等の化合物、メチル化尿素樹脂(商品名UFR65)、ブチル化尿素樹脂(商品名UFR300、U−VAN10S60、U−VAN10R、U−VAN11HV)、大日本インキ化学工業(株)製尿素/ホルムアルデヒド系樹脂(高縮合型、商品名ベッカミンJ−300S、ベッカミンP−955、ベッカミンN)等が挙げられる。
アルコキシメチル化ベンゾグアナミンの具体例としてはテトラメトキシメチルベンゾグアナミン等が挙げられる。市販品として、三井サイテック(株)製(商品名サイメル1123)、(株)三和ケミカル製(商品名ニカラックBX−4000、ニカラックBX−37、ニカラックBL−60、ニカラックBX−55H)等が挙げられる。
アルコキシメチル化メラミンの具体例としては、例えば、ヘキサメトキシメチルメラミン等が挙げられる。市販品として、三井サイテック(株)製メトキシメチルタイプメラミン化合物(商品名サイメル300、サイメル301、サイメル303、サイメル350)、ブトキシメチルタイプメラミン化合物(商品名マイコート506、マイコート508)、三和ケミカル製メトキシメチルタイプメラミン化合物(商品名ニカラックMW−30、ニカラックMW−22、ニカラックMW−11、ニカラックMS−001、ニカラックMX−002、ニカラックMX−730、ニカラックMX−750、ニカラックMX−035)、ブトキシメチルタイプメラミン化合物(商品名ニカラックMX−45、ニカラックMX−410、ニカラックMX−302)等が挙げられる。
本発明においては(C)成分として酸又は熱酸発生剤を含有しても良い。この(C)成分は、本発明の光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物の熱硬化反応を促進させることにおいて有効である。
本発明においては(D)成分として増感剤を含有しても良い。この(D)成分は、本発明の熱硬化膜形成後の光二量化反応を促進することにおいて有効である。
本発明の光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物は、主として溶剤に溶解した溶液状態で用いられる。その際に使用する溶剤は、(A)成分及び(B)成分、必要に応じて(C)成分、(D)成分及び/又は、後述するその他添加剤を溶解できればよく、その種類及び構造などは特に限定されるものでない。
更に、本発明の光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物は、本発明の効果を損なわない限りにおいて、必要に応じて、シランカップリング剤、界面活性剤、レオロジー調整剤、顔料、染料、保存安定剤、消泡剤、酸化防止剤等を含有することができる。
本発明の光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物は、(A)成分のアクリル共重合体と(B)成分の架橋剤とを含有し、所望により(C)成分の酸又は熱酸発生剤、(D)成分の増感剤、更にその他添加剤のうち一種以上を含有することができる組成物である。そして、通常は、それらが溶剤に溶解した溶液として用いられる。
[1]:(A)成分100質量部に基づいて、1乃至40質量部の(B)成分を含有する光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物。
[2]:(A)成分100質量部に基づいて、1乃至40質量部の(B)成分、溶剤を含有する光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物。
[3]:(A)成分100質量部に基づいて、1乃至40質量部の(B)成分、0.01乃至5質量部の(C)成分、0.1乃至20質量部の(D)成分、溶剤を含有する光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物。
本発明の光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物における固形分の割合は、各成分が均一に溶剤に溶解している限り、特に限定されるものではないが、1乃至80質量%であり、好ましくは3乃至60質量%であり、より好ましくは5乃至40質量%である。ここで、固形分とは、光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物の全成分から溶剤を除いたものをいう。
本発明の一態様である光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物の溶液を基板(例えば、シリコン/二酸化シリコン被覆基板、シリコンナイトライド基板、金属、例えば、アルミニウム、モリブデン、クロムなどが被覆された基板、ガラス基板、石英基板、ITO基板等)やフィルム(例えば、トリアセチルセルロースフィルム、ポリエステルフィルム、アクリルフィルム等の樹脂フィルム)等の上に、回転塗布、流し塗布、ロール塗布、スリット塗布、スリットに続いた回転塗布、インクジェット塗布、印刷などによって塗布し、その後、ホットプレート又はオーブン等で予備乾燥(プリベーク)することにより、塗膜を形成することができる。その後、この塗膜を加熱処理(ポストベーク)することにより、硬化膜が形成される。
偏光UVの照射方法としては、通常150−450nmの波長の紫外光が用いられ、室温又は加熱した状態で垂直又は斜め方向から直線偏光を照射することによって行われる。
以下の実施例で用いる略記号の意味は、次のとおりである。
<アクリル共重合体原料>
CIN: 4−(6−メタクリルオキシヘキシル−1−オキシ)ケイヒ酸メチルエステル
HEMA:2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート
MMA:メチルメタクリレート
AIBN:α、α’−アゾビスイソブチロニトリル
<架橋剤>
HMM:ヘキサメトキシメチルメラミン
TMGU:1,3,4,6−テトラキス(メトキシメチル)グリコールウリル
<酸又は熱酸発生剤>
PTSA:p-トルエンスルホン酸1水和物
PPTS:p−トルエンスルホン酸ピリジニウム塩
<増感剤>
DEAB:N,N’−ジエチルアミノベンゾフェノン
<溶剤>
CHN:シクロヘキサノン
NMP:N−メチル−2−ピロリドン
PGME:プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル
CIN 42.0g、HEMA 18.0g、重合触媒としてAIBN 1.3gをCHN 166.8gに溶解し、80℃にて20時間反応させることにより特定共重合体溶液(固形分濃度27質量%)を得た(P1)。得られた特定共重合体のMnは8,500、Mwは16,500であった。
CIN 8.2g、HEMA 3.5g、重合触媒としてAIBN 0.2gをCHN32.0gに溶解し、70℃にて20時間反応させることにより特定共重合体溶液(固形分濃度27質量%)を得た(P2)。得られた特定共重合体のMnは18,800、Mwは44,500であった。
CIN 42.0g、HEMA 18.0g、重合触媒としてAIBN 1.4gをPGME 166.8gに溶解し90℃にて20時間反応させることにより特定共重合体溶液(固形分濃度27質量%)を得た(P3)。得られたアクリル共重合体のMnは4,800、Mwは8,900であった。
CIN 42.0g、MMA 18.0g、重合触媒としてAIBN 1.3gをCHN 166.8gに溶解し80℃にて20時間反応させることによりアクリル共重合体溶液(固形分濃度27質量%)を得た(P4)。得られたアクリル共重合体のMnは8,900、Mwは18,300であった。
表1に示す組成にて実施例1乃至6及び比較例1乃至3の各組成物を調製し、それぞれの組成物から硬化膜を形成し、溶剤耐性、耐熱性、透過率並びに配向性の評価を下記のとおり行った。
実施例1乃至実施例6並びに比較例1乃至比較例3の各組成物をシリコンウェハにスピンコーターを用いて塗布した後、温度100℃で120秒間ホットプレート上においてプリベークを行い、膜厚1.1μmの塗膜を形成した。膜厚はFILMETRICS社製F20を用いて測定した。この塗膜を温度230℃で30分間熱風循環式オーブン中でポストベークを行い、膜厚1.0μmの硬化膜を形成した。
この硬化膜をCHN又はNMP中に60秒間浸漬させた後、それぞれ温度100℃にて60秒間乾燥し、膜厚を測定した。CHN又はNMP浸漬後に膜厚の変化がないものを○、浸漬後に膜厚の減少が見られたものを×とした。
実施例1乃至実施例6並びに比較例1乃至比較例3の各組成物を石英基板上にスピンコーターを用いて塗布した後、温度100℃で120秒間ホットプレート上においてプリベークを行い膜厚1.0μmの塗膜を形成した。膜厚はFILMETRICS社製F20を用いて測定した。この塗膜を温度230℃で30分間熱風循環式オーブン中でポストベークを行い硬化膜を形成した。
この硬化膜を紫外線可視分光光度計((株)島津製作所製SHIMADZU UV−2550型番)を用いて波長430nm時の透過率を測定した。
実施例1乃至実施例6並びに比較例1乃至比較例3の各組成物をITO基板上にスピンコーターを用いて塗布した後、温度100℃で120秒間ホットプレート上においてプリベークを行い膜厚1.1μmの塗膜を形成した。膜厚はFILMETRICS社製F20を用いて測定した。この膜を温度230℃で30分間熱風循環式オーブン中でポストベークを行い硬化膜を形成した。
この硬化膜に313nmの直線偏光を垂直に照射した。この基板上に液晶モノマーからなる位相差材料溶液をスピンコーターを用いて塗布した後、温度80℃で60秒間ホットプレート上においてプリベークを行い膜厚1.4μmの塗膜を形成した。この基板に窒素雰囲気下で1,000mJ/cm2の紫外線を照射して位相差材料を硬化させた。ここで配向性を示すのに必要な偏光UVの露光量を配向感度とした。なお、配向性を有する硬化膜と認められるには、少なくとも配向性を示すのに必要な偏光UVの露光量が100mJ/cm2以下の性能を有するものであることが望まれる。
実施例1乃至実施例6並びに比較例1乃至比較例3の各組成物をシリコンウェハにスピンコーターを用いて塗布した後、温度100℃で120秒間ホットプレート上においてプリベークを行い、膜厚1.1μmの塗膜を形成した。膜厚はFILMETRICS社製F20を用いて測定した。この塗膜を温度230℃で30分熱風循環式オーブン中でポストベークを行い膜厚1.0μmの硬化膜を形成した。この硬化膜に313nmの直線偏光を垂直に照射した。この硬化膜をさらに温度230℃で3時間熱風循環式オーブン中で焼成し、ポストベーク後からの残膜率を測定した。
Claims (12)
- (A)成分である光二量化部位及び熱架橋部位を有するアクリル共重合体と(B)成分である架橋剤とを含有する、光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物。
- (A)成分が、光二量化部位を有するモノマー及び熱架橋部位を有するモノマーを含むモノマーの重合反応により得られるアクリル共重合体である請求項1に記載の光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物。
- (A)成分の光二量化部位がシンナモイル基である請求項1又は請求項2に記載の光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物。
- (A)成分の熱架橋部位がヒドロキシ基である請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物。
- (B)成分の架橋剤がメチロール基またはアルコキシメチロール基を有する架橋剤である請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物。
- 更に、(C)成分として酸または熱酸発生剤を含有する、請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物。
- 更に、(D)成分として増感剤を含有する、請求項1乃至請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物。
- (A)成分の100質量部に基づいて、1乃至40質量部の(B)成分を含有する、請求項1乃至請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物。
- (A)成分の100質量部に基づいて、1乃至40質量部の(B)成分と0.01乃至5質量部の(C)成分を含有する、請求項6又は請求項7に記載の光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物。
- (A)成分の100質量部に基づいて、0.1乃至20質量部の(D)成分を含有する、請求項7乃至請求項9のいずれか一項に記載の光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物。
- 請求項1乃至請求項10のいずれか一項に記載の光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物から形成される液晶配向層。
- 請求項1乃至請求項10のいずれか一項に記載の光配向性を有する熱硬化膜形成組成物から形成される液晶配向層をその上の位相差層とともに備えた光デバイス。
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JP2008262074A (ja) * | 2007-04-13 | 2008-10-30 | Fujifilm Corp | 液晶配向剤、配向膜、液晶セル及び液晶表示装置 |
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