JPH08507035A - 水硬性混合物 - Google Patents
水硬性混合物Info
- Publication number
- JPH08507035A JPH08507035A JP6519317A JP51931794A JPH08507035A JP H08507035 A JPH08507035 A JP H08507035A JP 6519317 A JP6519317 A JP 6519317A JP 51931794 A JP51931794 A JP 51931794A JP H08507035 A JPH08507035 A JP H08507035A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- article
- mixture
- product
- sheet
- making
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/52—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/003—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles the shaping of preshaped articles, e.g. by bending
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/003—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles the shaping of preshaped articles, e.g. by bending
- B28B11/008—Blow moulding, e.g. with or without the use of a membrane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
- B28B13/021—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles by fluid pressure acting directly on the material, e.g. using vacuum, air pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/04—Discharging the shaped articles
- B28B13/06—Removing the shaped articles from moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/0081—Embedding aggregates to obtain particular properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/0081—Embedding aggregates to obtain particular properties
- B28B23/0087—Lightweight aggregates for making lightweight articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/12—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material
- B28B3/126—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material on material passing directly between the co-operating rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
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- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
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- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
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Landscapes
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Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.無機填料含有構造用マトリックスを持つ製品において、前記構造用マトリッ クスが、 水分散性有機結合剤; 前記無機填料含有構造用マトリックス中で全固形物の約40%から約98容 量%までの範囲の濃度を持つ無機骨材;および 繊維質材料、約0.01mmから約20mmまでの範囲の厚さを持つ前記無 機填料含有構造用マトリックス、 から成るを特徴とする前記製品。 2.水硬性構造用マトリックスが、水硬性結合剤と水との化学反応生成物、骨材 材料、およびレオロジー調整剤を含み、水、水硬性結合剤およびレオロジー調整 剤は前記水硬性構造用マトリックスの製品を大量生産できる物品にとって充分短 い時間で形状安定型に達することができるような初期配合比で存在することから 成ることを特徴とする製品。 3.前記無機骨材が、前記混合物の約3%から約50重量%までの範囲の量で含 まれることを特徴とする請求の範囲第2項に記載の製品。 4.前記無機骨材が、多数の異なる骨材材料からなることを特徴とすることを特 徴とする請求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載の製品。 5.前記無機骨材が、前記構造用マトリックス中の全固形物の約20%から約3 5容量%までの範囲の濃度であることを特徴とする請求の範囲第2項に記載の製 品。 6.前記無機骨材が、前記構造用マトリックス中の全固形物の約60%から約8 0容量%までの範囲の濃度であることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の製 品。 7.前記無機骨材が、前記骨材の予め定められた粒子充填密度に達するために最 適化された粒径の個々の粒子から成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または 第2項に記載の製品。 8.前記無機骨材が、前記構造用マトリックスの密度を下げかつ遮断性を高める 軽量骨材から成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載の製品 。 9.前記軽量骨材が、パーライト、ひる石、中空ガラス球体、多孔質セラミック 球体、発泡クレー、発泡軽量地質学的物質、軽石、微小球体、およびこれらの混 合物から成る部類中から選ばれることを特徴とする請求の範囲第8項に記載の製 品。 10.前記無機骨材が、クレー、石膏、炭酸カルシウム、雲母、シリカ、アルミ ナ、金属類、砂、礫、砂岩、石灰岩、およびこれらの混合物から成る部類中から 選ばれることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載の製品。 11.前記構造用マトリックスが、種子、でんぷん、ゼラチン、ポリマー、コル ク、および寒天型物質から成る部類中から選ばれる骨材を含むことを特徴とする 請求の範囲第1項および第2項に記載の製品。 12.前記構造用マトリックスが、プラスチック球体を含むことを特徴とする請 求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載の製品。 13.前記プラスチック球体が、前記混合物の約1%ないし約10重量%の範囲 で組み込まれることを特徴とする請求の範囲第12項に記載の製品。 14.前記プラスチック球体が、前記物品の表面近傍で濃縮されていることを特 徴とする請求の範囲第12項に記載の製品。 15.前記無機骨材が、水硬性結合剤を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項 に記載の製品。 16.前記水硬性結合剤が、ポルトランドセメントから成ることを特徴とする請 求の範囲第2項または第15項に記載の製品。 17.前記水硬性結合剤が、スラグセメント、カルシウムアルミナセメント、プ ラスター、シリカセメント、燐酸セメント、フライアッシュセメント、白色セメ ント、ハイアルミナセメント、マグネシウムオキシクロライドセメント、フライ アッシュセメント粒子で被覆された骨材、および前記物の混合物から成る部類中 から選ばれることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または第15項に記載の製品。 18.前記水硬性結合剤が、硫酸カルシウム半水和物および酸化カルシウムから 成る部類中から選ばれることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または第15項に記 載の製品。 19.前記水硬性結合剤が、MDFセメント、DSPセメント、パイラメント( Pyrament)型セメントおよびデンシト(Densit)型セメントから 成る部類中から選ばれるセメントから成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第2項ま たは第15項に記載の製品。 20.前記水硬性構造用マトリックスが更に繊維質材料を含むことも特徴とする 請求の範囲第2項に記載の製品。 21.前記繊維質材料が、前記構造用マトリックス中で全固形物の約0.5%か ら約50容量%までの範囲の濃度であることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項また は第20項に記載の製品。 22.前記繊維質材料が、前記構造用マトリックス中で全固形物の約15%から 約30容量%までの範囲の濃度であることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または 第20項に記載の製品。 23.前記繊維質材料が、有機繊維から成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項 または第20項に記載の製品。 24.前記有機繊維が、大麻、綿、バガス、マニラ麻、亜麻、ダイオウマツ、南 方硬木の繊維、およびこれらの混合物から成る部類中から選ばれることを特徴と する請求の範囲第23項に記載の製品。 25.前記繊維質材料が、無機繊維から成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項 または第20項に記載の製品。 26.前記無機繊維が、ガラス、シリカ、セラミック、黒鉛、金属繊維、および これらの混合物から成る部類中から選ばれることを特徴とする請求の範囲第25 項に記載の製品。 27.前記繊維質材料が、前記マトリックスに対して種々の強度および可撓性を 付与するために前記強度および可撓性を持つ繊維の混合物から成ることを特徴と する請求の範囲第1項または第20項に記載の製品。 28.前記繊維質材料が、前記マトリックスの引張り強さを増加することを特徴 とする請求の範囲第1項または第20項に記載の製品。 29.前記繊維質材料が、前記マトリックスの可撓性を増加することを特徴とす る請求の範囲第1項または第20項に記載の製品。 30.前記繊維質材料が、少なくとも100:1のアスペクト比を持つ個々の繊 維から成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または第20項に記載の製品。 31.前記レオロジー調整剤が、有機結合剤から成ることを特徴とする請求の範 囲第2項に記載の製品。 32.前記有機結合剤が、水硬性構造用マトリックス内の前記粒子を互いに結合 するのを促進するのに充分な量で含まれることを特徴とする請求の範囲第31項 に記載の製品。 33.前記有機結合剤が、セルロース主成分のポリマーから成ることを特徴とす る請求の範囲第1項または第31項に記載の製品。 34.前記セルロース主成分ポリマーが、メチルヒロドキシエチルセルロース、 ヒドロキシメチルエチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、メチルセル ロース、エチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルプ ロピルセルロース、およびこれらの混合物から成る部類中から選ばれることを特 徴とする請求の範囲33項に記載の製品。 35.前記有機結合剤が、でんぷん主成分のポリマーから成ることを特徴とする 請求の範囲第1項または第31項に記載の製品。 36.前記でんぷん主成分のポリマーが、アミロペクチン、アミロース、シーゲ ル、酢酸でんぷん、でんぷんヒドロキシエーテル、イオン性でんぷん、長鎖型ア ルキルでんぷん、デキストリン、アミンでんぷん、燐酸でんぷん、ジアルデヒド でんぷん、およびこれらの混合物から成る部類中から選ばれることを特徴とする 請求の範囲第35項に記載の製品。 37.前記有機結合剤が、タンパク質主成分材料から成ることを特徴とする請求 の範囲第1項または第31項に記載の製品。 38.前記タンパク質主成分の材料が、プロラミン、コラーゲン、ゼラチン、グ ルー、カゼイン、およびこれらの混合物から成る部類中から選ばれることを特徴 とする請求の範囲第35項に記載の製品。 39.前記有機結合剤が、アルギン酸、フィココロイド、寒天、アラビアゴム、 グアーゴム、いなご豆ゴム、カラヤゴム、トラガカントゴム、およびこれらの混 合物から成る部類中から選ばれることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項および第3 8項に記載の製品。 40.前記有機結合剤が、合成有機ポリマーから成ることを特徴とする請求の範 囲第1項または第31項に記載の製品。 41.前記合成有機ポリマーが、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリエチレングリコー ル、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルメチルエーテル、ポリアクリル酸、ポリ アクリル酸塩、ポリビニルアクリル酸、ポリビニルアクリル酸塩、ポリアクリル イミド、ポリ乳酸、エチレンオキシドポリマー、合成クレー、ラテックス、およ びこれらの混合物から成る部類中から選ばれることを特徴とする請求の範囲第4 0項に記載の製品。 42.前記有機結合剤の濃度が、前記マトリックス中の全固形物の約1%から約 50容量%までの範囲にあることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の製品。 43.前記有機結合剤の濃度が、前記構造用マトリックス中の全固形物の約5% から約20容量%までの範囲にあることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の 製品。 44.前記レオロジー調整剤の濃度が、前記構造用マトリックス中の全固形物の 約0.2%から約5容量%までの範囲にあることを特徴とする請求の範囲第2項 に記載の製品。 45.前記有機結合剤および繊維質材料の合計濃度が、前記マトリックス中の全 固形物の約5%から約60容量%までの範囲にあることを特徴とする請求の範囲 第1項に記載の製品。 46.前記有機結合剤および繊維質材料の合計濃度が、前記マトリックス中の全 固形物の約5%から約30容量%までの範囲にあることを特徴とする請求の範囲 第1項に記載の製品。 47.前記構造用マトリックスが、分散剤を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第 1項または第2項に記載の製品。 48.前記分散剤が、硫酸化ナフタレン−フォルムアルデヒド縮合物、硫酸化メ ラミン−フォルムアルデヒド縮合物、リグノ硫酸塩、およびポリアクリル酸から 成る部類中から選ばれることを特徴とする請求の範囲第47項に記載の製品。 49.前記構造用マトリックスが、微細に分散した空隙を含む不連続状の非凝集 相から成ることも特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載の製品。 50.前記水硬性構造用マトリックスが、約0.01mmないし約20mmの間 の範囲の厚さであることを特徴とする請求の範囲第2項に記載の製品。 51.前記構造用マトリックスの厚さが、約0.5mmないし約3mmの間の範 囲にあることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載の製品。 52.前記構造用マトリックスが、水分解性であることを特徴とする請求の範囲 第1項または第2項に記載の製品。 53.前記物品が、環境に合った天然成分に容易に分解できることを特徴とする 請求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載の製品。 54.前記構造用マトリックスが、約0.05MPaから約70MPaまでの範 囲の引張り強さを持つことを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載の 製品。 55.前記構造用マトリックスが、約5MPaから約40MPaまでの範囲の引 張り強さを持つことを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載の製品。 56.前記構造用マトリックスが、約0.1g/cm3から約1.5g/cm3ま での範囲のかさ密度を持つことを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または第2項に記 載の製品。 57.前記構造用マトリックスが、約2MPa−cm3/gから約200MPa −cm3/gまでの範囲の、かさ密度に対する引張り強さ比を持つことを特徴と する請求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載の製品。 58.前記構造用マトリックスが、約3MPa−cm3/gから約50MPa− cm3/gのまで範囲の、かさ密度に対する引張り強さ比を持つことを特徴とす る請求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載の製品。 59.前記物品が、シート様製品から成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項ま たは第2項に記載の製品。 60.前記物品が、多数のシートから成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第59項 に記載の製品。 61.前記物品が、容器から成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または第2 項に記載の製品。 62.前記容器が、箱、竹かご、袋、チューブ、カップ、“クラムシェル”、カ ートン、フレンチフライ容器、皿、ボウル、および蓋から成る部類中から選ばれ る物品の形状であることを特徴とする請求の範囲第61項に記載の製品。 63.前記容器が、段ボール箱であることを特徴とする請求の範囲第61項に記 載の製品。 64.前記容器が、貯蔵用容器、自動販売機用容器、ポーション用容器、包装用 容器および輸送用容器から成る部類中から選ばれる物品の形状であることを特徴 とする請求の範囲第61項に記載の製品。 65.前記物品が、更に塗料を含むことも特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または第 2項に記載の製品。 66.前記塗料が、メラミン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリ酢 酸ビニル、ポリアクリル酸エステル、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、ポ リエチレングリコール、アクリル酸系、ポリウレタン、ポリ乳酸、でんぷん、大 豆蛋白、ポリエチレン、合成ポリマー、ワックス、およびエラストマーから成る 部類中から選ばれることを特徴とする請求の範囲第65項に記載の製品。 67.前記塗料が、珪酸ナトリウム、炭酸カルシウム、カオリン、およびセラミ ックから成る部類中から選ばれることを特徴とする請求の範囲第65項に記載の 製品。 68.前記塗料が、構造用マトリックスの耐水分解性を向上することを特徴とす る請求の範囲第65項に記載の製品。 69.前記構造用マトリックスが、完全に破砕することなく約0.5%から約8 %までの範囲で伸びることができることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の 製品。 70.前記物品が、印刷バーコードを含むことも特徴とする請求の範囲第1項ま たは第2項に記載の製品。 71.前記構造用マトリックスが、“発泡様”製品から成ることを特徴とする請 求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載の製品。 72.前記構造用マトリックスが、“クレー様”製品から成ることを特徴とする 請求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載の製品。 73.物品を製造する方法において、 成形用混合物を形成するために、有機ポリマー結合剤、前記混合物中で全固 形物の約40%から約98容量%までの範囲の量で含まれる無機骨材、水、およ び繊維を混合する段階; 前記混合物を形状安定型の形状の前記物品に成形する段階;および 前記混合物を構造用マトリックスを有する所望の形状に硬化する段階、 から成ることを特徴とする前記製造方法。 74.物品を製造する方法において、 成形用混合物を形成するために、水硬性結合剤、水、骨材材料およびレオロ ジー調整剤を混合する段階; 前記混合物を、1分間未満で形状安定性を有する所望の形状の前記物品に加 圧下で成形する段階;および 前記混合物を、水硬性結合剤と水との反応生成物を含む構造用マトリックス を有する前記所望の形状の物品にする硬化する段階、 から成ることを特徴とする前記製造方法。 75.前記混合段階が、水硬性結合剤を前記混合物と結合させることを含むこと を特徴とする請求の範囲第73項に記載の物品の製造方法。 76.前記水硬性結合剤が、ポルトランドセメントから成ることを特徴とする請 求の範囲第74項または第75項に記載の物品の製造方法。 77.前記混合段階が、分散剤を前記混合物に組み入れることを含むことを特徴 とする請求の範囲第73項または第74項に記載の物品の製造方法。 78.前記混合段階が、前記混合物を二酸化炭素源に曝すことを含むことを特徴 とする請求の範囲第73項または第74項に記載の物品の製造方法。 79.前記混合段階が、不連続相の気孔を組み入れるために空気連行剤を前記混 合物に結合させることを含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第73項または第74 項に記載の物品の製造方法。 80.前記空気連行剤が、界面活性剤から成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第7 9項に記載の物品の製造方法。 81.前記混合段階が、前記混合物内の不連続相の気孔を保持するために安定剤 を前記混合物に結合させることを含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第79項に記 載の物品の製造方法。 82.前記安定剤が、前記レオロジー調整剤から成ることを特徴とする請求の範 囲第81項に記載の物品の製造方法。 83.前記空気連行剤が、空隙を前記構造用マトリックスに組み入れるために前 記混合物の前記成分と反応してガスを発生する金属から成ることを特徴とする請 求の範囲第79項に記載の物品の製造方法。 84.前記空気連行剤が、前記金属の前記反応を促進させる塩基から成ることを 特徴とする請求の範囲第83項に記載の物品の製造方法。 85.前記混合段階が、硬化促進剤を前記混合物に結合させることを含むことを 特徴とする請求の範囲第73項または第74項に記載の物品の製造方法。 86.前記成分が、生成する前記混合物は約5kPaから約5,000kPaの 間の範囲の降伏応力を持つような比率で添加されることを特徴とする請求の範囲 第73項または第74項に記載の物品の製造方法。 87.前記成分が、生成する前記混合物は約200kPaから約700kPaの 間の範囲の降伏応力を持つような比率で添加されることを特徴とする請求の範囲 第73項または第74項に記載の物品の製造方法。 88.前記混合段階が、高せん断型混合機を用いて実施されることを特徴とする 請求の範囲第73項または第74項に記載の物品の製造方法。 89.前記混合段階および少なくとも前記成形段階の一部分が、二軸オーガー型 押出機を用いて実施されることを特徴とする請求の範囲第73項または第74項 に記載の物品の製造方法。 90.混合段階が、 繊維質材料の個々の繊維は前記混合物全体にわたって均一に分散するのに充 分な時間の高せん断型混合法を用いて、前記繊維質材料を前記混合物中に分散す ること; 前記混合物全体にわたって互いに均一に分散するために高せん断型混合法を 用いて、前記有機結合剤を前記混合物にブレンドすること;および 低せん断型混合法を用いて軽量骨材を前記混合物と結合すること、 から成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第74項に記載の物品の製造方法。 91.前記混合物を成形する前に前記混合物に真空をかけることにより構造用マ トリックスの物品から望ましくない気孔を取り除く段階からも成ることを特徴と する請求の範囲第73項または第74項に記載の物品の製造方法。 92.吸着材料を前記混合物と結合する段階; 発泡剤を前記吸着材料に吸着されるような圧力下で前記混合物に曝す段階; および 前記発泡剤が発泡して前記混合物中で気孔を形成するように前記混合物にか かる圧力を解除する段階、 から成ることも特徴とする請求の範囲第73項第74項に記載の物品の製造方法 。 93.成形段階が、ダイプレス成形、射出成形、ブロー成形、機械ろくろ法、湿 式シートモールディング、および乾式シートモールディングから成る部類中から 選ばれるプロセスによって実施されることを特徴とする請求の範囲第73項およ び第74項に記載の物品の製造方法。 94.成形手段が、前記物品は前記成形手段に実質的に接着しないような充分な 温度に加熱されることを特徴とする請求の範囲第73項または第74項に記載の 物品の製造方法。 95.前記成形手段の温度が、約50℃から約300℃までの範囲にあることを 特徴とする請求の範囲第94項に記載の物品の製造方法。 96.前記成形手段の温度が、約75℃から約200℃までの範囲にあることを 特徴とする請求の範囲第94項に記載の物品の製造方法。 97.前記混合物が、最初に高温にまで加熱され、次に成形段階の前に前記物品 が前記金型に実質的に接着することのないよう、充分に低くて、前記高温よりも 低い温度まで冷却されることを特徴とする請求の範囲第73項または第74項に 記載の物品の製造方法。 98.前記低い温度が、約−20℃から約40℃までの範囲にあることを特徴と する請求の範囲第97項に記載の物品の製造方法。 99.前記成形段階が、約30秒未満の時間で実施されかつ前記成形物品がこの 時間内で形状安定型に達することを特徴とする請求の範囲第73項または第74 項に記載の物品の製造方法。 100.前記成形段階が、約10秒未満の時間で実施されかつ前記成形物品がこ の時間内で形状安定型に達することを特徴とする請求の範囲第73項または第7 4項に記載の物品の製造方法。 101.前記混合物が、箱、竹かご、袋、チューブ、カップ、“クラムシェル” 、カートン、フレンチフライ容器、皿、ボウル、および蓋から成る形状の部類中 から選ばれる形状に成形されることを特徴とする請求の範囲第73項または第7 4項に記載の物品の製造方法。 102.前記物品を空気突き出しによって前記成形手段から取り出す段階を含む ことを特徴とする請求の範囲第73項または第74項に記載の物品の製造方法。 103.前記金型と前記成形物品との間に空気を噴射することによって、前記物 品を前記成形手段から取り出す段階を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第73項 または第74項に記載の物品の製造方法。 104.前記成形段階が、 頂部、および周囲を有する底部を持つ所望の形状の雄ダイ、並びに前記雄ダ イと実質的に相補する形状を持つ雌ダイとの間に前記混合物を位置決めする段階 ; 前記混合物を、所望の形状の物品に成形するために前記雄ダイと前記雌ダイ との間でブレスする段階;および 前記成形物品が、前記雄ダイおよび雌ダイとは関係なく自己保持型であるよ うな形状安定型に達し終えた時に、前記雄ダイおよび前記雌ダイの両方を前記物 品から取り外す段階、 を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第73項または第74項に記載の物品の製造 方法。 105.前記成形段階が、割りダイ、順送りダイ、および折り畳み式ダイから成 る部類中から選ばれる少なくとも1つのダイを用いることを含むことを特徴とす る請求の第73項または第74項に記載の物品の製造方法。 106.前記混合物を位置決めする段階が: 雄ダイと雌ダイとで或る間隔距離が形成されるまで雄ダイを相補関係の雌ダ イに部分的に挿入する段階;および 前記混合物を雄ダイと雌ダイとの間に射出する段階、 を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第104項に記載の物品の製造方法。 107.前記混合物が、前記ダイの一方の入り口を通して前記雄ダイと前記雌ダ イとの間に射出されることを特徴とする請求の範囲第106項に記載の物品の製 造方法。 108.前記位置決め段階が、: 前記混合物を或る直径を持つ塊状物に形成する段階;および 前記雄ダイと雌ダイとが一緒にプレスされる前に、前記雄ダイと前記雌ダイ の間に前記塊状物を位置決めする段階、 から成ることも特徴とする請求の範囲第104項に記載の物品の製造方法。 109.前記位置決め段階が、 雄ダイの底部の周囲よりも大きい内部縁部付き通路を持つテンプレート上に 、前記通路にまで広がるように前記塊状物をテンプレート上に配置すること;お よび 雄ダイと雌ダイとの間にテンプレートの通路を配列すことにより、前記雄ダ イと雌ダイが一緒にプレスされる時、前記雄ダイが前記テンプレートの通路を通 って移動できること、 から成ることも特徴とする請求の範囲第108項に記載の物品の製造方法。 110.前記成形段階が、前記ダイの中の少なくとも1つの排気口を通して前記 雄ダイと前記雌ダイとの間から空気を排出することも含むことを特徴とする請求 の範囲第104項に記載の物品の製造方法。 111.前記雄ダイと前記雌ダイが、成形段階中に約25psiないし約10, 000psiの間の範囲で前記混合物に圧力をかけることを特徴とする請求の範 囲第104項に記載の物品の製造方法。 112.前記雄ダイと前記雌ダイが、成形段階中は約100psiから約50, 000psiの間の範囲で前記混合物に圧力をかけることを特徴とする請求の範 囲第104項に記載の物品の製造方法。 113.前記成形段階が、前記雄ダイと前記雌ダイの両方を分離する前に前記物 品を形状安定型状態に乾燥させるために加熱空気を供給することを特徴とする請 求の範囲第104項に記載の物品の製造方法。 114.前記加熱空気が、約100℃から約300℃までの間の範囲の温度であ ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第113項に記載の物品の製造方法。 115.前記雄ダイと前記雌ダイの両方ダイを分離する前に前記物品を乾燥して 形状安定型状態にするために前記物品にマイクロウェーブを当てることから成る ことも特徴とする請求の範囲第104項に記載の物品の製造方法。 116.前記分離段階が、前記物品を前記雄ダイから取り外しやすくするために 前記雄ダイ中の排気口を通して空気を吹くことから成ることを特徴とする請求の 範囲第104項に記載の物品の製造方法。 117.前記分離段階が、前記物品は前記雄ダイおよび前記雌ダイから離れたテ ンプレート上に残るように前記雄ダイに対応する雌ダイの底部の周りに位置決め されたテンプレートを上げることから成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第104 項に記載の物品の製造方法。 118.前記成形段階が、 前記混合物を、前記物品の所望の形状に対応する形状を持つ金型を充填する のに充分な圧力で射出する段階;および 前記成形された物品が前記金型とは関係なく自己支持型になるような形状安 定型に達し終えた時に前記金型から前記物品を取り外す段階、 を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第73項および第74項に記載の物品の製造 方法。 119.前記射出段階が、約500psiと40,000psiの間の範囲の圧 力で実施されることを特徴とする請求の範囲第118項に記載の前記製造方法。 120.前記成形段階が、前記物品を前記金型から完全に分離する前に前記成形 物品の上に加熱空気を吹き付けることを含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第11 8項に記載の物品の製造方法。 121.前記成形段階が、 前記混合物を、パリソンキャビティの中およびその中に位置決めされている コアロッドの周りに射出する段階; 前記混合物が位置決めされている前記コアロッドを、前記製品の所望の形状 を持つブロー成形金型に位置決めする段階; 前記混合物を前記ブロー成形金型内で発泡するために前記コアロッドを通し て空気を吹いて、前記混合物を前記所望の形状の物品に成形する段階;および 前記成形物品が前記ブロー成形金型とは関係なく自己支持型であるるような 形状安定型に達し終えた時に前記物品を前記ブロー成形金型から取り出す段階、 を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第73項および第74項に記載の物品の製造 方法。 122.前記混合物を前記所望の形状に成形する前記段階が、 前記混合物をチューブの前記形状に押出す段階; 前記所望の形状の物品に対応するキャビティを定義する2つ割りで壁を持つ 押出しブロー成形金型の間に前記チューブを捕捉する段階; ブローピンを、前記金型内に捕捉された前記チューブに挿入する段階; 前記混合物を前記金型の壁に向かって発泡するために前記ブローピンを通し て空気を吹いて、前記混合物を前記所望の形状の物品に成形する段階;および 前記成形物品が前記金型とは関係なく自己支持型になるような形状安定型に 達し終えた時に前記2つ割り金型を分離することによって前記物品を前記金型か ら取り出す段階、 を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第73項および第74項に記載の物品の製造 方法。 123.前記混合物を前記所望の形状に成形する前記段階が、 前記混合物を、前記所望の形状の物品に対応するキャビティを定義する壁を 持つ機械ろくろ金型の中に位置決めする段階; 前記混合物を前記金型の壁に押し当てて成形するために回転式ロールヘッド を前記混合物に押し当てて、前記混合物を所望の形状の物品に成形する段階 ; 前記成形物品が前記機械ろくろ金型とは関係なく自己支持型になるような形 状安定型に達し終えた時に前記物品を前記金型から取り出す段階、 を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第73項および第74項に記載の物品の製造 方法。 124.前記成形段階が、前記プレス段階の前に前記金型をスピンドルの上に乗 せかつ前記金型を回転することも含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第123項に 記載の物品の製造方法。 125.前記位置決め段階が、前記混合物を円盤様形状に加工することを含むこ とを特徴とする請求の範囲第123項に記載の物品の製造方法。 126.前記成形段階が、前記混合物をシートに成形することを含むことを特徴 とする請求の範囲第73項および第74項に記載の物品の製造方法。 127.前記成形段階が、前記シートを所望の形状に真空成形してすることをも 含むこと特徴とする請求の範囲第126項に記載の物品の製造方法。 128.前記真空成形法が、ドレープ成形を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第 127項に記載の物品の製造方法。 129.前記真空成形法が、ストレート真空成形を含むことを特徴とする請求の 範囲第127項に記載の物品の製造方法。 130.前記真空成形法が、ドレープ真空成形を含むことを特徴とする請求の範 囲第127項に記載の物品の製造方法。 131.前記真空成形法が、スナップバック真空成形を含むことを特徴とする請 求の範囲第127項に記載の物品の製造方法。 132.前記真空成形法が、ビロー/エアー−スリップ真空成形を含むことを特 徴とする請求の範囲第127項に記載の物品の製造方法。 133.前記真空成形法が、ビロードレープ真空成形を含むことを特徴とする請 求の範囲第127項に記載の物品の製造方法。 134.前記真空成形法が、プラグアシスト真空成形を含むことを特徴とする請 求の範囲第127項に記載の物品の製造方法。 135.前記真空成形法が、ビロー/プラグ−アシスト/スナップバック真空成 形を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第127項に記載の物品の製造方法。 136.前記真空成形法が、ツィンシート成形を含むことを特徴とする請求の範 囲第127項に記載の物品の製造方法。 137.前記成形段階が、前記シートを前記所望の形状に成形することを含むこ とも特徴とする請求の範囲第126項に記載の物品の製造方法。 138.前記シートフォーミングが、前記成形用混合物を1対のロールの間を通 すことから成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第126項に記載の物品の製造方法 。 139.前記成形用混合物が、前記ロールへ接着することを減らすために、前記 ロールが加熱されることを特徴とする請求の範囲第138項に記載の物品の製造 方法。 140.前記ロールを加熱して前記混合物内の水の量を著しく減らすことを特徴 とする請求の範囲第139項に記載の物品の製造方法。 141.前記ロールが、約60℃から約140℃までの範囲の温度に加熱される ことを特徴とする請求の範囲第139項に記載の物品の製造方法。 142.前記ロールが約80℃から約95℃までの範囲の温度に加熱されること を特徴とする請求の範囲第139項に記載の物品の製造方法。 143.前記成形用混合物を第1温度まで加熱する段階、および前記加熱された 成形用混合物と冷却されたロールとの間の付着を減らすために、前記ロールを前 記第1温度よりも著しく低い第2温度まで冷却する段階を含むことも特徴とする 請求の範囲第138項に記載の物品の製造方法。 144.前記第1温度が約20℃から約80℃までの範囲にあり、かつ前記第2 温度が約0℃から約40℃までの範囲にあることを特徴とする請求の範囲第14 3項に記載の物品の製造方法。 145.前記ロールが、前記成形用混合物と前記ロールとの間の接着を減らす被 膜を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第138項に記載の物品の製造方法。 146.前記シートフォーミング段階が、前記成形用混合物を或るダイスリット を持つダイを通して押出して、前記混合物をシートに成形することを特徴とする 請求の範囲第126項に記載の物品の製造方法。 147.前記成形用混合物が、約50kPaから約70MPaまでの範囲の圧力 下で押出されることを特徴とする請求の範囲第146項に記載の物品の製造方法 。 148.前記成形用混合物が、約350kPaから約3.5MPaまでの範囲の 圧力下で押出されることを特徴とする請求の範囲第146項に記載の物品の製造 方法。 149.前記押出された混合物を、1対の減速ロールの間に通すことを含むこと も特徴とする請求の範囲第146項に記載の物品の製造方法。 150.前記シートの厚さが、前記シートをロール間隔が次第に狭くなる多数組 の減速ロールに通すことにより次第に薄くなることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1 49項に記載の物品の製造方法。 151.前記シートを少なくとも1つの乾燥ロールの上を通す段階を含むことも 特徴とする請求の範囲第126項に記載の物品の製造方法。 152.前記シートを少なくとも1組の圧密化ロールの間に通して、前記シート 内に望ましくない空隙および欠陥の容積を減らしかつ前記シートの密度を増やす 段階を含むことも特徴とする請求の範囲第126項に記載の物品の製造方法。 153.前記シートを硬質ロールと軟質ロールから成る1対のカレンダーロール の間に通して、前記硬質ロールが前記接触するシート表面に平滑な効果を付与す る段階を含むことも特徴とする請求の範囲第126項に記載の物品の製造方法。 154.前記シートを1対の段ロールの間に通して、波形シートを形成する段階 を含むことも特徴とする請求の範囲第126前記項に記載の物品の製造方法。 155.前記シートを、所望の形状を持つ雄ダイと前記雄ダイに相補的形状を持 つ雌ダイとの間に通して、前記シートを所望の形状の物品に成形する段階;およ び 前記成形された物品が、前記雄ダイおよび前記雌ダイとは関係なく自己保持 型になるような形状安定型に達し終えた時に前記雄ダイおよび前記雌ダイを前記 物品から分離する段階、 から成ることも特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の物品の製造方法。 156.前記雄ダイおよび前記雌ダイが、各々、別々の温度に加熱されることを 特徴とする請求の範囲第155項に記載の物品の製造方法。 157.前記雄ダイおよび前記雌ダイの別々の温度が、約150℃ないし約25 0℃の範囲にあることを特徴とする請求の範囲第156項に記載の物品の製造方 法。 158.硬化シートをスプルーに巻いて、巻物を形成する段階を含むことも特徴 とする請求の範囲第126項に記載の物品の製造方法。 159.前記製品から成るシート堆積物を形成するために、前記硬化シートを不 連続状シートに切断する段階、および前記不連続状シートを堆積する段階を含む ことも特徴とする請求の範囲第126項に記載の物品の製造方法。 160.前記シートの一面を塗料で塗布する段階を含むことも特徴とする請求の 範囲第126項に記載の物品の製造方法。 161.硬化シートの表面に折り目付けを切る段階を含むことも特徴とする請求 の範囲第126項に記載の物品の製造方法。 162.前記折り目付けが、前記シートが曲がる折り畳み線を定義することを特 徴とする請求の範囲第161項に記載の物品の製造方法。 163.硬化シートにミシン目を付ける段階を含むことも特徴とする請求の範囲 第126項に記載の物品の製造方法。 164.前記方法が、多数の硬化シートを一緒に接着する段階から成ることも特 徴とする請求の範囲第126項に記載の物品の製造方法。 165.前記硬化シートを積層する段階を含むことも特徴とする請求の範囲第1 26項に記載の物品の製造方法。 166.硬化シートからブランクを切り出す段階を含むことも特徴とする請求の 範囲第126項に記載の物品の製造方法。 167.前記シートをクレープ付けする段階を含むことも特徴とする請求の範囲 第126項に記載の物品の製造方法。 168.硬化シートの少なくとも1部分を、予め定められた形状の製品に加工す る段階を含むことも特徴とする請求の範囲第126項に記載の物品の製造方法。 169.前記加工段階が、前記シートの少なくとも1部分を予め定められた形状 の製品に折り畳む段階から成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第168項に記載の 物品の製造方法。 170.前記加工段階が、前記シートの1部分に継ぎ目を入れる段階から成るこ とを特徴とする請求の範囲第168項に記載の物品の製造方法。 171.前記加工段階が、前記シートの少なくとも1部分を予め定められた形状 の製品に平巻する段階から成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第168項に記載の 物品の製造方法。 172.前記加工段階が、前記シートの少なくとも1部分を予め定められた形状 の製品にらせん巻する段階から成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第168項に記 載の物品の製造方法。 173.前記加工段階が、前記シートの少なくとも1部分を予め定められた形状 の製品に1対のダイの間でプレスする段階から成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲 第168項に記載の物品の製造方法。 174.前記加工段階が、前記シートの少なくとも1部分を予め定められた形状 の製品に組立てる段階から成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第168項に記載の 物品の製造方法。 175.前記加工段階が、前記シートの少なくとも1部分を予め定められた形状 の製品にパウチを形成する段階から成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第168項 に記載の物品の製造方法。 176.前記乾燥物品に印刷物を固定する段階から成ることも特徴とする請求の 範囲第73項および第74項に記載の物品の製造方法。 177.前記硬化物品に塗料を塗布する段階から成ることも特徴とする請求の範 囲第73項または第74項に記載の物品の製造方法。 178.前記物品が、約0.05mmないし約2cmの間の範囲の厚さを持つこ とを特徴とする請求の範囲第73項または第74項に記載の物品の製造方法。 179.前記物品が、約0.5mmないし約1mmの間の範囲の厚さを持つこと を特徴とする請求の範囲第73項または第74項に記載の物品の製造方法。 180.前記加工物品が、大量生産される前記物品に対して充分短い時間で形状 安定型に達することを特徴とする請求の範囲第73項または第74項に記載の物 品の製造方法。 181.物品を製造するシステムにおいて、 有機ポリマー結合剤、成形用混合物中で全固形物の約40%から約98容量 %までの範囲の濃度を持つ無機骨材、水、および繊維を含む成形用混合物を調製 するように構成される混合機; 前記成形用混合物を、所望の形状の物品に成形しかつ1分間未満で形状安定 型に達するための手段;および 前記混合物を所望の形状の物品に硬化するための手段、 から成ることを特徴とする前記製造システム。 182.物品を製造するシステムにおいて、 水硬性結合剤、水、無機骨材、およびレオロジー調整剤を含む成形用混合物 を調製するように構成される混合機; 前記混合物を予め定められた形状の物品に成形しかつ1分間未満で形状安定 型に達するための成形手段;および 前記混合物を前記予め定められた形状の物品に硬化する乾燥手段、 から成ることを特徴とする前記製造システム。 183.前記混合機が、高せん断型混合機から成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲 第181項または第182項に記載の物品の製造システム。 184.前記混合機および成形手段が、二軸オーガー押出機から成ることを特徴 とする請求の範囲第181項または第182項に記載の物品の製造システム。 185.前記混合物から望ましくない空気を取り除くために、前記二軸オーガー 押出機が、前記混合物に真空をかけることができることを特徴とする請求の範囲 第184項に記載の物品の製造システム。 186.前記混合機が、高エネルギー型混合および低エネルギー型混合を実施た めに構成されることを特徴とする請求の範囲第181項または第182項に記載 の物品の製造システム。 187.前記成形手段が、押出機を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第181項 または第182項に記載の物品の製造システム。 188.前記押出機が、オーガー押出機であることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1 87項に記載の物品の製造システム。 189.前記押出機が、往復運動式スクリューインジェクターであることを特徴 とする請求の範囲第187項に記載の物品の製造システム。 190.前記押出機が、2段階式インジェクターであることを特徴とする請求の 範囲第187項に記載の物品の製造システム。 191.前記押出機が、前記混合物を前記形状のシートに押出すのに通るダイス リット付きのダイヘッドを持つことを特徴とする請求の範囲第187項に記載の 物品の製造システム。 192.前記成形手段が、押出シートが通る少なくとも1対の減速ロールを含む ことを特徴とする請求の範囲第191項に記載の物品の製造システム。 193.前記成形手段が、成形用混合物から直接シートを形成するために通す1 対の押出ロールを含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第181項または第182項 に記載の物品の製造システム。 194.前記成形手段が、シートが通る1対の波板ロールを含むことを特徴とす る請求の範囲第181項または第182項に記載の物品の製造システム。 195.前記成形手段が、シートが通る少なくとも1つの乾燥ロールを含むこと を特徴とする請求の範囲第191項に記載の物品の製造システム。 196.前記成形手段が、シートが通る少なくとも1対の圧密化ロールを含むこ とも特徴とする請求の範囲第191項に記載の物品の製造システム。 197.前記成形手段が、シートが通る少なくとも1つの軟質ロールおよび少な くとも1つの硬質ロールを含むことも特徴とする請求の範囲第191項に記載の 物品の製造システム。 198.前記成形手段が、成形用混合物は雄ダイと雌ダイの間にプレスされる時 に前記混合物は所望の形状の物品に成形されるように互いに相補的な配置を持つ 前記雄ダイおよび前記雌ダイを含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第181項また は第182項に記載の物品の製造システム。 199.前記成形手段が、成形用混合物は射出金型に射出される時に前記混合物 は所望の形状の物品に成形されるように、前記混合物を閉鎖射出金型に射出する ように構成された押出機を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第181項または第 182項に記載の物品の製造システム。 200.前記成形手段が、 成形用混合物を、パリソンキャビティ、並びにそのキャビティの中に位置決 めされ前記混合物を発泡するために空気を吹き込むことができる少なくとも1つ の開口部を持つコアロッドの周りに射出するように構成された押出機; 前記混合物を前記コアロッド上に位置決めする前記コアロッドがブロー成形 金型の中に配置されかつ空気が前記コアロッドを通って吹き込まれる時に前記混 合物が所望の形状の物品に成形されるような所望の形状の物品に対応するキャビ ティを持つ射出ブロー成形金型、 を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第187項に記載の物品の製造システム。 201.前記成形手段が、 前記混合物をチューブ形状に押出すためのサーキュラーダイヘッドを持つ押 出機; 前記押出チューブを2つ割り金型の間に捕捉できて、所望の物品の形状に対 応するキャビティを持つブロー成形金型;および 空気がブローピンを通って吹き込まれる時に前記混合物を所望の形状の物品 に成形されるように前記2つ割り金型の間に捕捉された前記押出チューブの中に 位置決めするためのブローピン、 を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第187項に記載の物品の製造システム。 202.前記成形手段が、 所望の形状の物品に対応するキャビティを定義する内壁を持つ機械ろくろ金 型; 前記金型を支持しかつスピンドル上で金型を回転するためのスピンドル;お よび 成形用混合物を機械ろくろ金型内に配置した時に前記ロールヘッドが前記混 合物を前記内壁に向かってプレスして前記混合物を所望の形状の物品に成形する ように金型キャビティ内に位置決めおよび回転するように構成された前記ロール ヘッド、 を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第181項または第182項に記載の物品の 製造システム。 203.前記ロールヘッドが、研磨された金属表面を持つことを特徴とする請求 の範囲第202項に記載の物品の製造システム。 204.前記ロールヘッドが、加熱されることを特徴とする請求の範囲第202 項に記載の物品の製造システム。 205.前記乾燥手段が、前記物品の形状化は終った後に前記物品に加熱空気を 供給することができる炉から成ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第181項または 第182項に記載の物品の製造システム。 206.前記乾燥手段が、前記空気を前記炉から前記物品の全面に循環して前記 混合物中の前記水分の蒸発速度を高めることができるブロワーを含むことを特徴 とする請求の範囲第205項に記載の物品の製造システム。 207.前記乾燥手段が、マイクロウェーブ照射器を含むことを特徴とする請求 の範囲第181項第182項に記載の物品の製造システム。 208.硬化物品にバーコードを添付するための印刷手段を含むことも特徴とす る請求の範囲第181項または第182項に記載の物品の製造システム。 209.硬化物品を塗料で塗布するための手段を含むことも特徴とする請求の範 囲第181項または第182項に記載の物品の製造システム。 210.前記塗布手段が、ブレードコーター、パドルコーター、エアナイフコー ター、プリンターコーター、グラビア、ダールグレン(Dahlgren)コー ター、およびスプレーコーターから成る部類中から選ばれる塗布装置から成るこ とを特徴とする請求の範囲第209項に記載の物品の製造システム。 211.前記成形手段が、前記成形物品を前記成形手段に接着しないようにする ために離型剤で塗布されることを特徴とする請求の範囲第181項または第18 2項に記載の物品の製造システム。
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US08/019,151 | 1993-02-17 | ||
US08/019,151 US5453310A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1993-02-17 | Cementitious materials for use in packaging containers and their methods of manufacture |
US08/095,662 US5385764A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1993-07-21 | Hydraulically settable containers and other articles for storing, dispensing, and packaging food and beverages and methods for their manufacture |
US08/095,662 | 1993-07-21 | ||
US10150093A | 1993-08-03 | 1993-08-03 | |
US08/101,500 | 1993-08-03 | ||
US08/152,354 US5508072A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1993-11-19 | Sheets having a highly inorganically filled organic polymer matrix |
US08/152,354 | 1993-11-19 | ||
PCT/US1994/002111 WO1994019172A1 (en) | 1993-02-17 | 1994-02-17 | Hydraulically settable mixtures |
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JPH08507035A true JPH08507035A (ja) | 1996-07-30 |
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JP6519317A Pending JPH08507035A (ja) | 1993-02-17 | 1994-02-17 | 水硬性混合物 |
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JP (1) | JPH08507035A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100309418B1 (ja) |
CN (3) | CN1230362C (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE223297T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU683249B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR9405730A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2156050C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69431293T2 (ja) |
IL (1) | IL108671A (ja) |
NZ (1) | NZ263022A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1994019172A1 (ja) |
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- 1994-02-17 JP JP6519317A patent/JPH08507035A/ja active Pending
- 1994-02-17 AT AT94910770T patent/ATE223297T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-02-17 BR BR9405730A patent/BR9405730A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-02-17 AU AU63544/94A patent/AU683249B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-02-17 EP EP94910770A patent/EP0686082B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-02-17 DE DE69431293T patent/DE69431293T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-02-17 CA CA002156050A patent/CA2156050C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-02-17 NZ NZ263022A patent/NZ263022A/en unknown
- 1994-02-17 KR KR1019950703450A patent/KR100309418B1/ko active
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- 1994-02-17 CN CN94103235A patent/CN1099711A/zh active Pending
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Cited By (4)
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KR101297307B1 (ko) * | 2011-06-27 | 2013-08-14 | 우진 일렉트로나이트(주) | 경량 내화 단열재 |
KR101316557B1 (ko) * | 2011-11-28 | 2013-10-15 | 이경엽 | Led등기구용 커버의 제조장치 |
JP2019081340A (ja) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-05-30 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | セラミック基複合材料部材の製造方法、及びセラミック基複合材料部材製造用金型装置 |
KR102696814B1 (ko) * | 2024-06-25 | 2024-08-20 | 서한태 | 플라스틱 원료를 이용하여 비닐을 제조하는 방법 및 장치 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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ATE223297T1 (de) | 2002-09-15 |
ZW2894A1 (en) | 1994-05-04 |
CN1099711A (zh) | 1995-03-08 |
CA2156050A1 (en) | 1994-09-01 |
AU6354494A (en) | 1994-09-14 |
EP0686082A4 (en) | 1998-04-01 |
KR100309418B1 (ko) | 2001-12-17 |
AU683249B2 (en) | 1997-11-06 |
NZ263022A (en) | 1997-11-24 |
EP0686082A1 (en) | 1995-12-13 |
IL108671A (en) | 1998-08-16 |
DE69431293T2 (de) | 2003-04-30 |
CN1250736A (zh) | 2000-04-19 |
CN1403349A (zh) | 2003-03-19 |
CN1230362C (zh) | 2005-12-07 |
WO1994019172A1 (en) | 1994-09-01 |
BR9405730A (pt) | 1995-11-28 |
CA2156050C (en) | 2004-05-11 |
CN1173861C (zh) | 2004-11-03 |
EP0686082B1 (en) | 2002-09-04 |
IL108671A0 (en) | 1994-05-30 |
DE69431293D1 (de) | 2002-10-10 |
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