JP7453379B2 - 方向性電磁鋼板用焼鈍分離剤組成物、方向性電磁鋼板およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
方向性電磁鋼板用焼鈍分離剤組成物、方向性電磁鋼板およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7453379B2 JP7453379B2 JP2022537374A JP2022537374A JP7453379B2 JP 7453379 B2 JP7453379 B2 JP 7453379B2 JP 2022537374 A JP2022537374 A JP 2022537374A JP 2022537374 A JP2022537374 A JP 2022537374A JP 7453379 B2 JP7453379 B2 JP 7453379B2
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
- C21D8/1283—Application of a separating or insulating coating
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D8/1272—Final recrystallisation annealing
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- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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Description
一般に知られた方向性電磁鋼板の場合、フォルステライト(Forsterite、Mg2SiO4)系ベース被膜(ベースコーティング層)の上に絶縁層を形成し、このような絶縁層の熱膨張係数の差を利用して鋼板に引張応力を付与することによって、鉄損を改善し、磁気変形に起因した騒音減少効果を図っているが、最近、要求されている高級方向性電磁鋼板での特性水準を満足させるには限界がある。
本発明の一実施形態による焼鈍分離剤は、ベース被膜層の絶縁特性を向上させてベース被膜層上に位置するセラミック層の厚さを低減することができ、これによって方向性電磁鋼板の占積率を向上させることができる。
以下、本発明の実施形態について本発明が属する技術分野における通常の知識を有する者が容易に実施することができるように詳細に説明する。しかし、本発明は多様な異なる形態に実現することができ、ここで説明する実施形態に限定されない。
本発明の一実施形態による方向性電磁鋼板用焼鈍分離剤組成物は、Mgおよび金属Mを含む複合金属酸化物を含み、金属Mは、Be、Ca、Ba、Sr、Sn、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、CuおよびZnのうちの1種以上であり、複合金属酸化物中のMgおよび金属Mの合計量100重量部に対してMgを5~55重量部および金属Mを45~95重量部を含む。
[化1]
Mg1-XMXO
この時、Xは、複合金属化合物内で金属Mの相対的量を示し、Xは5~95である。
複合金属酸化物内で金属Mは、磁性を向上させ、絶縁性を付与した役割を果たす。金属Mは、Mgと原子半径が類似し、電気陰性度が類似する元素が適切である。具体的に金属Mは、Be、Ca、Ba、Sr、Sn、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、CuおよびZnのうちの1種以上でありうる。より具体的に金属Mは、Co、NiおよびMnのうちの1種以上でありうる。
金属Mが過度に少なく含まれる場合、目的とするベース被膜の絶縁性向上が不足することがある。金属Mが過度に多く含まれる場合、Mgが相対的に少なくなって、密着性が劣位となる問題が発生することがある。より具体的に金属Mを60~80重量部およびMgを20~40重量部を含むことができる。
具体的に金属Mは、イオン半径が30~100pmでありうる。
一例として、MgOをさらに含むことができる。本発明の一実施形態で複合金属酸化物内のMgOを通じてMgを供給することができるため、MgOは微量含むことができる。MgOは前述した複合金属酸化物の製造過程中に未反応物で含まれ得る。具体的に焼鈍分離剤固形分100重量%に対して5重量%以下に含まれ得る。より具体的に1重量%以下に含まれ得る。
本発明の一実施形態による方向性電磁鋼板100は、方向性電磁鋼板基材10の一面または両面に被膜層20が位置する。図1は本発明の一実施形態による方向性電磁鋼板の概略的な側断面図を示す。図1では方向性電磁鋼板基材10の上面に被膜層20が位置するものを示す。
Mgおよび金属Mは、複合金属酸化物内のMgおよび金属Mに由来する。
金属リン酸塩は、金属水酸化物およびリン酸(H3PO4)の化学的な反応による化合物からなるものであり、金属水酸化物は、Ca(OH)2、Al(OH)3、Mg(OH)2、B(OH)3、Co(OH)2およびCr(OH)3を含む群より選択された少なくとも1種以上でありうる。
図2は本発明の一実施形態による方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法のフローチャートを概略的に示す。図2の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法のフローチャートは、単に本発明を例示するためものであり、本発明がここに限定されるのではない。したがって方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法は多様に変形することができる。
セラミック層30形成以降、必要に応じて磁区微細化を行える。
本発明の一実施形態による方向性電磁鋼板用焼鈍分離剤組成物はMgおよび金属Mを含む複合金属酸化物、およびムライトを含み、金属Mは、Be、Ca、Ba、Sr、Sn、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、CuおよびZnのうちの1種以上である。
[化1]
Mg1-XMXO
この時、Xは複合金属化合物内で金属Mの相対的量を示し、Xは45~95である。
複合金属酸化物内で金属Mは、磁性を向上し、絶縁性を付与した役割を果たす。金属Mは、Mgと原子半径が類似し、電気陰性度が類似の元素が適切である。具体的に金属Mは、Be、Ca、Ba、Sr、Sn、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、CuおよびZnのうちの1種以上でありうる。より具体的に金属Mは、Co、NiおよびMnのうちの1種以上でありうる。
具体的に金属Mは、イオン半径が30~100pmでありうる。
比表面積が過度に小さい場合、反応性が低下して不均一な被膜が形成される問題が発生することがある。比表面積が過度に大きい場合、水と混合して攪拌する場合、粘度が急激に増加して作業が困難な問題が発生することがある。より具体的に複合金属酸化物は、比表面積が50~300m2/gでありうる。
一例として、水酸化金属をさらに含むことができる。水酸化金属は、ムライトの表面と化学反応を通じて表面性質を疎水性から親水性に変化させる役割を果たす。したがってムライトの分散性を画期的に向上させて均一な被膜を形成するのを助ける。また、水酸化金属は、融点が低下して2次再結晶焼鈍工程で被膜形成温度が低くなって良好な品質の表面特性を確保することができる。また、低い温度領域で生成された被膜は2次再結晶形成に決定的な影響を与えるAlN系インヒビタの分解を抑制する効果があり、優れた磁性品質を確保することができる。
本発明の一実施形態による方向性電磁鋼板100は、方向性電磁鋼板基材10の一面または両面に被膜層20が位置する。図1は本発明の一実施形態による方向性電磁鋼板の概略的な側断面図を示す。図1では方向性電磁鋼板基材10の上面に被膜層20が位置するものを示す。
金属Mが過度に少ない場合、金属Mの添加によるベース被膜の絶縁性向上効果を適切に得ることができない。金属Mが過度に多い場合、製造費用が増加して販売競争力が低下される問題が発生することがある。金属Mが2種以上の元素である場合、前述した含有量範囲は2種以上の元素の合計を意味する。より具体的に被膜20内の金属Mは15~30重量%でありうる。
金属リン酸塩は、金属水酸化物およびリン酸(H3PO4)の化学的な反応による化合物からなるものであり、金属水酸化物は、Ca(OH)2、Al(OH)3、Mg(OH)2、B(OH)3、Co(OH)2およびCr(OH)3を含む群より選択された少なくとも1種以上であるものでありうる。
金属リン酸塩は、金属水酸化物およびリン酸(H3PO4)の化学的な反応による化合物からなるものであり、リン酸に対する金属水酸化物の重量比率は1:100~40:100で表示されるものでありうる。
図2は本発明の一実施形態による方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法のフローチャートを概略的に示す。図2の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法のフローチャートは、単に本発明を例示するためのものであり、本発明がここに限定されるのではない。したがって、方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法を多様に変形することができる。
焼鈍分離剤の塗布量は1~20g/m2でありうる。焼鈍分離剤の塗布量が過度に少なければ、被膜形成が円滑に行われないことがある。焼鈍分離剤の塗布量が過度に多ければ、2次再結晶に影響を与えることがある。したがって、焼鈍分離剤の塗布量を前述した範囲に調節することができる。
2次再結晶焼鈍時、1次亀裂温度は650~750℃、2次亀裂温度は1100~1250℃とすることができる。昇温区間の温度区間では15℃/hr条件で統制することができる。また、気体雰囲気は1次亀裂段階までは220~30体積%の窒素および70~80体積%の水素を含む雰囲気で行い、2次亀裂段階には100%水素雰囲気で15時間維持した後、炉冷(furnace cooling)することができる。前述した条件を通じて被膜20が円滑に形成され得る。
セラミック層30の形成後、必要に応じて磁区微細化を行うことができる。
マグネシウム前駆体としてMgCl2、Niの前駆体としてNiCl2を前駆体内のMg:Niの重量を50:50で測量して、脱イオン水(DI water)に添加し、触媒としてNaOHを0.5mol添加して2時間攪拌した。その後、加熱し、水洗した。得られた粉末をフィルタリングし乾燥した。Ar雰囲気で60~1200℃に温度を変更しながら熱処理して複合金属酸化物を製造した。下記表1に熱処理温度条件に応じた複合金属酸化物の平均結晶粒径、比表面積、相対誘電率を表示した。
シリコン(Si)を3.4重量%、アルミニウム(Al):0.03重量%、マンガン(Mn):0.05重量%、アンチモン(Sb)を0.04重量%およびスズ(Sn)を0.11重量%、炭素(C)を0.06重量%、窒素(N)を40重量ppm含み、残部はFeおよびその他不可避な不純物からなるスラブを準備した。
熱延板を1120℃まで加熱した後、920℃で95秒間維持した後、水で急冷して酸洗した後、0.23mm厚さに冷間圧延して、冷延板を製造した。
また、被膜内の硬度(Hardness)およびヤング率(Modulus)を測定して下記表3に整理した。ナノインテンダー(Nano Indenter、モデル名PI-85、製造会社Hysitron)分析装備を利用して測定した。
また、被膜形成後、絶縁特性を測定して下記表4に示した。
実施例および比較例で製造した方向性電磁鋼板を1.7T、50Hz条件で、磁気特性および鉄損特性を評価し、その結果を下記表4に示した。
また、密着性は、試片を10~100mm円弧に接して180°曲げる時に被膜剥離がない最小円弧直径で示したものである。
シリコン(Si)を3.4重量%、アルミニウム(Al):0.03重量%、マンガン(Mn):0.05重量%、アンチモン(Sb)を0.04重量%およびスズ(Sn)を0.11重量%、炭素(C)を0.06重量%、窒素(N)を40重量ppm含み、残部はFeおよびその他不可避な不純物からなるスラブを準備した。
熱延板を1120℃まで加熱した後、920℃で95秒間維持した後、水に急冷して酸洗した後、0.20mm厚さに冷間圧延して、冷延板を製造した。
2次再結晶焼鈍時、1次亀裂温度は700℃、2次亀裂温度は1200℃とし、昇温区間の温度区間では15℃/hrとした。また、1200℃までは窒素50体積%および水素50体積%の混合気体雰囲気中とし、1200℃到達した後には100体積%の水素気体雰囲気で20時間維持した後、炉冷(furnace cooling)した。
また、被膜内の硬度(Hardness)およびヤング率(Modulus)特性を測定して下記表6に整理した。
また、被膜形成後、絶縁特性を測定して下記表7に整理した。
また、絶縁特性は、ASTM A717国際規格によりフランクリン(Franklin)測定器を活用してコーティング上部を測定した。
また、密着性は、試片を10~100mm円弧に接して180°曲げる時に被膜剥離がない最小円弧直径で示した。
20 被膜層
30 セラミック層
100 方向性電磁鋼板
Claims (18)
- Mgおよび金属Mを含む複合金属酸化物を含み、
前記金属Mは、Be、Ca、Ba、Sr、Sn、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、CuおよびZnのうちの1種以上であり、
前記複合金属酸化物中のMgおよび金属Mの合計量100重量部に対してMgを5~55重量部および金属Mを45~95重量部を含む、ことを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板用焼鈍分離剤組成物。 - 前記複合金属酸化物は、比表面積が30~500m2/gであり、平均粒径が1~500nmである、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方向性電磁鋼板用焼鈍分離剤組成物。
- 前記複合金属酸化物は、相対誘電率(Dielectric constant)値が1~30である、ことを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の方向性電磁鋼板用焼鈍分離剤組成物。
- 前記金属Mは、Co、NiおよびMnのうちの1種以上である、ことを特徴とする請求項1~請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の方向性電磁鋼板用焼鈍分離剤組成物。
- 前記金属Mは、イオン半径が30~100pmである、ことを特徴とする請求項1~請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の方向性電磁鋼板用焼鈍分離剤組成物。
- 前記焼鈍分離剤組成物は、600℃、非酸化性雰囲気で熱処理した後、平均結晶粒径が10~900nmである、ことを特徴とする請求項1~請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の方向性電磁鋼板用焼鈍分離剤組成物。
- 方向性電磁鋼板基材の一面または両面に被膜が位置し、
前記被膜は、Mg:1~20重量%、金属M:15~45重量%、Si:15~50重量%、Fe:20重量%以下および残部Oおよび不可避な不純物からなり、
前記金属Mは、Be、Ca、Ba、Sr、Sn、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、CuおよびZnのうちの1種以上である、ことを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板。 - 前記被膜上に位置するセラミック層をさらに含む、ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の方向性電磁鋼板。
- 前記被膜は厚さが0.1~10μmであり、セラミック層は厚さが0.5~5μmである、ことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方向性電磁鋼板。
- 鋼スラブを準備する段階、
前記鋼スラブを加熱する段階、
前記加熱された鋼スラブを熱間圧延して、熱延板を製造する段階、
前記熱延板を冷間圧延して、冷延板を製造する段階、
前記冷延板を1次再結晶焼鈍する段階、
前記1次再結晶焼鈍された鋼板の表面上に、焼鈍分離剤を塗布する段階、および
前記焼鈍分離剤が塗布された鋼板を2次再結晶焼鈍する段階を含み、
前記焼鈍分離剤は、Mgおよび金属Mを含む複合金属酸化物を含み、前記金属Mは、Be、Ca、Ba、Sr、Sn、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、CuおよびZnのうちの1種以上であり、前記複合金属酸化物中のMgおよび金属Mの合計量100重量部に対してMgを5~55重量部および金属Mを45~95重量部を含む、ことを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。 - Mgおよび金属Mを含む複合金属酸化物、および
ムライトを含み、
前記金属Mは、Be、Ca、Ba、Sr、Sn、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、CuおよびZnのうちの1種以上である、ことを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板用焼鈍分離剤組成物。 - 前記複合金属酸化物および前記ムライトの合計量100重量部に対して前記複合金属酸化物10~90重量部および前記ムライト10~90重量部を含む、ことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の方向性電磁鋼板用焼鈍分離剤組成物。
- 前記複合金属酸化物は、比表面積が30~500m2/gであり、平均粒径が1~500nmであり、
前記ムライトは、比表面積が5~350m2/gであり、平均粒径が1~300nmである、ことを特徴とする請求項11または請求項12に記載の方向性電磁鋼板用焼鈍分離剤組成物。 - 前記金属Mは、Co、NiおよびMnのうちの1種以上である、ことを特徴とする請求項11~請求項13のいずれか一項に記載の方向性電磁鋼板用焼鈍分離剤組成物。
- 方向性電磁鋼板基材の一面または両面に被膜が位置し、
前記被膜は、Mg:1~20重量%、Al:0.5~10重量%、金属M:15~45重量%、Si:15~50重量%、Fe:20重量%以下および残部Oおよび不可避な不純物からなり、ムライトを5~45面積%含み、
前記金属Mは、Be、Ca、Ba、Sr、Sn、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、CuおよびZnのうちの1種以上である、ことを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板。 - 前記被膜上に位置するセラミック層をさらに含む、ことを特徴とする請求項15に記載の方向性電磁鋼板。
- 前記被膜は厚さが0.1~10μmであり、前記セラミック層は厚さが0.5~5μmである、ことを特徴とする請求項16に記載の方向性電磁鋼板。
- 鋼スラブを準備する段階、
前記鋼スラブを加熱する段階、
前記加熱された鋼スラブを熱間圧延して、熱延板を製造する段階、
前記熱延板を冷間圧延して、冷延板を製造する段階、
前記冷延板を1次再結晶焼鈍する段階、
前記1次再結晶焼鈍された鋼板の表面上に、焼鈍分離剤を塗布する段階、および
前記焼鈍分離剤が塗布された鋼板を2次再結晶焼鈍する段階を含み、
前記焼鈍分離剤は、Mgおよび金属Mを含む複合金属酸化物、およびムライトを含み、
前記金属Mは、Be、Ca、Ba、Sr、Sn、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、CuおよびZnのうちの1種以上である、ことを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
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CN103014285A (zh) | 2011-09-28 | 2013-04-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 具有优良磁性能的镜面取向硅钢制造方法及退火隔离剂 |
US20180371576A1 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2018-12-27 | Posco | Annealing separator for oriented electrical steel sheet, oriented electrical steel sheet, and manufacturing method of oriented electrical steel sheet |
JP2019505664A (ja) | 2015-12-18 | 2019-02-28 | ポスコPosco | 方向性電磁鋼板用焼鈍分離剤、方向性電磁鋼板、および方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法 |
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US20230047863A1 (en) | 2023-02-16 |
CN115335539B (zh) | 2024-08-06 |
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