JP7418464B2 - 固体・液体電池 - Google Patents
固体・液体電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7418464B2 JP7418464B2 JP2021555870A JP2021555870A JP7418464B2 JP 7418464 B2 JP7418464 B2 JP 7418464B2 JP 2021555870 A JP2021555870 A JP 2021555870A JP 2021555870 A JP2021555870 A JP 2021555870A JP 7418464 B2 JP7418464 B2 JP 7418464B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- solid
- electrolyte
- ether
- positive electrode
- lithium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N cyclohexylbenzene Chemical compound [CH]1CCCC[C@@H]1C1=CC=CC=C1 HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- HCBRSIIGBBDDCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)COC(F)(F)C(F)F HCBRSIIGBBDDCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ICGSEKREPHTSEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-carbonofluoridoyloxyethyl carbonofluoridate Chemical compound FC(=O)OCCOC(F)=O ICGSEKREPHTSEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(fluorosulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(F)(=O)=O VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- FNUBKINEQIEODM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,4,4,5,5,5-heptafluoropentanal Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)CC=O FNUBKINEQIEODM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010941 LiFSI Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 LiODFB Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003473 lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BHZCMUVGYXEBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium;azanide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[NH2-] BHZCMUVGYXEBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013188 LiBOB Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910015872 LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- VBHXIMACZBQHPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COC(=O)C=C VBHXIMACZBQHPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005501 phase interface Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- CRJXZTRTJWAKMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,5-trifluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1OC(=O)OC1(F)F CRJXZTRTJWAKMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002099 LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001774 Perfluoroether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoro-n-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoroethene Chemical group FC=C(F)F MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NRJJZXGPUXHHTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Zr+4].[La+3] Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Zr+4].[La+3] NRJJZXGPUXHHTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium dihydrogen borate oxalic acid Chemical compound B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001437 manganese ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0565—Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
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- H01M10/0562—Solid materials
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- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
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- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Description
固体・液体電池は、正極及び金属リチウムで製作される負極を含み、前記正極と前記負極との間に固体電解質が設置されており、前記固体電解質と前記正極との間にエステル系電解質が充填されており、前記固体電解質と前記負極との間にエーテル系電解質が充填されている。
1、負極リチウム金属と固体電解質との間にエーテル系電解質を充填し、正極と固体電解質との間にエステル系電解質を充填することにより、リチウム金属のリサイクル寿命を延ばすと共に、電池のエネルギー密度を高めることに役立つ。
2、シクロヘキシルベンゼン及び(β-クロロメチル)ホスフェートを第一添加剤として選ぶことにより、リチウムイオン電池システムが過充電となる場合に、保護という役割が図れており、リチウム電池が燃焼したり爆発したりする確率を減らすことができる。
3、フルオロカーボネートとフルオロ系エーテルとを一緒に使うように選ぶことにより、電池に、優れた耐電圧性及び充放電リサイクル性能を有させると共に、SEI膜の表面能を減らして、Li+をSEI膜に拡散させることに役立つ。
リチウム金属負極高電圧正極の固体・液体電池を製作する方法は、以下のステップを含む。
第一ステップは、リチウム金属を銅箔に塗布してから、リチウム金属を付けた銅箔を窒素ガス雰囲気に7時間だけ置いて、リチウム金属表面に窒化リチウム形成し、最終に負極板を取得する。ただし、窒素ガスは、温度が45℃であり、流速が4m/sである。
第二ステップは、LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2材料、導電性カーボンブラック及びポリエチレンオキシド-ポリフッ化ビニリデンを、90:4:6という質量比に従って、テトラヒドロフランに加入して、十分に混合してから、固体含有量が0.5g/Lの正極スラリーを製作する。
第三ステップは、正極スラリーを、塗布の厚さが25μmとなるように均一にアルミニウム箔に塗布すると共に、水含有量が100ppmよりも小さくなるまで、110℃~150℃という温度で乾燥を行い、ローラプレスと切断を経て、正極板を製作する。
第四ステップは、リチウムランタンジルコニウムオキシド、ポリフッ化ビニリデン及びビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)アミンを、90:5:5という質量比に従って熔融して、均一に混合してから、両側の塗布厚さが共に2.5μmであるように、PP膜の両側に塗布し、冷却させてから、固化と切断を経て、固体電解質を取得する。
第五ステップは、正極板及び負極板をそれぞれ、固体電解質の両側に重ねて置いてから、正極板と固体電解質との間にエーテル系電解質を充填し、負極板と固体電解質との間にエステル系電解質を充填することにより、電池セルを取得する。
第六ステップは、電池セルを包装して、完成品となる固体・液体電池を取得する。
リチウム金属を負極として正極が高電圧である固体・液体電池を製造する方法は、第一実施例との相違点が、第二ステップに係る正極スラリーが、LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4、導電性カーボンブラック及びポリエチレンオキシド-ポリフッ化ビニリデンを45:2:3という質量比に従って加入して混合してなるものであり、その固体含有量が0.5g/Lであるということにある。
リチウム金属を負極として正極が高電圧である固体・液体電池を製造する方法は、第一実施例との相違点が、エーテル系電解質がジメチルカーボネート、LiFSI及び第一添加剤を7:5:1という質量比に従って混合してなるものであり、エステル系電解質が1,1,2,2-テトラフルオロエチル-2,2,3,3-テトラフルオロプロピルエーテル、LiTFSI及びトリフルオロエチレンカーボネートを6:6:1という質量比に従って混合してなるものであるということにある。
リチウム金属を負極として正極が高電圧である固体・液体電池を製造する新型方法は、第一実施例との相違点が、エーテル系電解質が炭酸エチレン、LiODFB及び第一添加剤を5:3:1という質量比に従って混合してなるものであり、エステル系電解質がオクタフルオロペンチル-テトラフルオロエチルエーテル、LiBOB及びトリフルオロエチルアクリレートを4:4:1という質量比に従って混合してなるものであるということにある。
リチウム金属を負極として正極が高電圧である固体・液体電池を製造する方法は、第一実施例との相違点が、エーテル系電解質がジメチルカーボネート、LiTFSI及び第一添加剤を4:5:1という質量比に従って混合してなるものであり、エステル系電解質が1,1,2,2-テトラフルオロエチル-2,2,3,3-テトラフルオロプロピルエーテル、LiFSI及びフルオロ炭酸エチレンを4:4:1という質量比に従って混合してなるものであるということにある。
リチウム金属を負極として正極が高電圧である固体・液体電池を製造する方法は、第一実施例との相違点が、固体電解質は化学式がLi6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12の純無機セラミック板であるということにある。
第一実施例との相違点が、リチウム金属表面を窒素ガス雰囲気に処理しなかったということにある。
第一実施例との相違点が、第一添加剤にシクロヘキシルベンゼンしか含まないということにある。
第一実施例との相違点が、第一添加剤に(β-クロロメチル)ホスフェートしか含まないということにある。
第一実施例との相違点が、エステル系電解質にフルオロ炭酸エチレン(第二添加剤)を添加しなかったということにある。
第二実施例との相違点が、エステル系電解質がないということにある。
第二実施例との相違点が、エーテル系電解質がないということにある。
LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4又はLiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2三元系材料を正極整合組立て品として組み立て、金属リチウムを負極として、次に、正負極にステンレス鋼集流体を配置すると共に集流体にリード線を付加する。最後に、絶縁スリーブを用いて、絶縁外筒の内部と外部気体の雰囲気とを密封するように遮ることにより、測定用電池を製作する。測定用電池を試験的に運転させる。
電池を25℃の定温条件で置き、電池の理論容量が0.05C(20h、正極について計算すると1C=1mA)の電流値に従って定電流で充電を行い、電圧が4.3V(正極がLiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2)又は5V(正極がLiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2)となると充電が済む。次に、同様に0.05Cという倍率の電流で放電を行い、電圧が3.0Vとなると放電が済む。このことにより、電池におけるクーロン効率及び放電容量を取得し、また、測定電池EISによりインピーダンスを示す。
Claims (5)
- 正極及び金属リチウムで製作される負極を含む固体・液体電池であって、
前記正極と前記負極との間には固体電解質が設置されていると共に、前記固体電解質と前記正極との間にはエステル系電解質が充填されており、前記固体電解質と前記負極との間にはエーテル系電解質が充填されており、
前記負極の金属リチウムは、表面に窒化リチウムを有しており、
前記エステル系電解質は、カーボネート、リチウム塩及び第一添加剤を含み、三者の質量比が(4~7):(2~5):1であり、
前記第一添加剤は、シクロヘキシルベンゼン及び(β-クロロメチル)ホスフェート混合物であって、両者のモル比が1:1であり、
前記エーテル系電解質は、フルオロ系エーテル、リチウム塩及び第二添加剤を含み、三者の質量比が(3~6):(3~6):1であり、
前記第二添加剤は、フルオロ炭酸エチレンを含む、
ことを特徴とする固体・液体電池。 - 前記正極は、ニッケルリッチ三元系或いはリチウムリッチマンガン系正極材料のうちの一つを含む、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の固体・液体電池。
- 前記カーボネートは、エチルメチルカーボネート、ジメチルカーボネート及び炭酸エチレンのうちの一つである、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の固体・液体電池。
- 前記リチウム塩は、LiBOB、LiODFB、LiFSI及びLiTFSIのうちの一つである、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の固体・液体電池。
- 前記フルオロ系エーテルは、メチルノナフルオロブチルエーテル、1,1,2,2-テトラフルオロエチル-2,2,3,3-テトラフルオロプロピルエーテル及びオクタフルオロペンチル-テトラフルオロエチルエーテルの一つである、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の固体・液体電池。
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