JP4783168B2 - 非水電解質二次電池、非水電解質及びその充電方法 - Google Patents
非水電解質二次電池、非水電解質及びその充電方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4783168B2 JP4783168B2 JP2006017286A JP2006017286A JP4783168B2 JP 4783168 B2 JP4783168 B2 JP 4783168B2 JP 2006017286 A JP2006017286 A JP 2006017286A JP 2006017286 A JP2006017286 A JP 2006017286A JP 4783168 B2 JP4783168 B2 JP 4783168B2
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- Prior art keywords
- positive electrode
- active material
- aqueous electrolyte
- lithium
- secondary battery
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
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- CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Co] CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- -1 lithium metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+);cobalt(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Co+2].[Co+3].[Co+3] UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 2
- GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-valerolactone Chemical compound CC1CCC(=O)O1 GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
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- ARSIBVWMPYUPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl) methanesulfonate Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)OC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F ARSIBVWMPYUPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CMJLMPKFQPJDKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylthiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound CC1CCS(=O)(=O)C1 CMJLMPKFQPJDKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound C=CC1COC(=O)O1 BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015727 LiMn0.33Ni0.33Co0.34O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
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- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
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Description
正極活物質を有する正極と、負極と、非水溶媒中に電解質塩を有する非水電解質とを備える非水電解質二次電池において、前記非水電解質中に下記構造式(I)で表される化合物を含有していることを特徴とする。
[正極の作製]
異種元素添加コバルト酸リチウムは次のようにして作製した。出発原料としては、リチウム源には炭酸リチウム(Li2CO3)を用い、コバルト源には炭酸コバルト合成時に異種元素としてZrをコバルトに対して0.2mol%及びMgを0.5mol%添加した水溶液から共沈させ、その後、熱分解反応によって得られたZr及びMg添加四酸化三コバルト(Co3O4)を用いた。これらを所定量秤量して混合した後、空気雰囲気下において850℃で24時間焼成し、Zr及びMg添加コバルト酸リチウムを得た。これを乳鉢で平均粒径14μmまで粉砕し、正極活物質Aとした。
黒鉛粉末が95質量部、増粘剤としてのカルボキシメチルセルロースが3質量部、結着剤としてのスチレンブタジエンゴム2質量部を水に分散させスラリーを調製した。このスラリーを厚さ8μmの銅製の負極集電体の両面にドクターブレード法により塗布後、乾燥して負極集電体の両面に活物質層を形成した。この後、圧縮ローラーを用いて圧縮し、短辺の長さが37.5mmの負極を作製した。なお、黒鉛の電位はリチウム基準で0.1Vである。例えば、正極活物質電位がリチウム基準で4.4Vのとき、黒鉛を負極に用いた電池電圧は4.3Vである。
EC20体積%、MEC50体積%、DEC30体積%となるようにした混合溶媒を調製し、これにLiPF6を1mol/Lとなるように溶解した後、過充電保護用添加剤を添加する場合は電解質全質量に対して所定の含有割合となるように添加して電解質とした。ここでは、過充電保護用添加剤及びその含有量がそれぞれ、何も添加しない場合(比較例1)、CHBを2.0質量%(比較例2)、C6F5OSO2CH3を0.1質量%(実施例1)、2.0質量%(実施例2)及び3.0質量%(実施例3)の5種類の電解質を作製した。
上記の正極、負極及び非水電解質を用いて、また、セパレータとしてポリエチレン製微多孔膜を用い、実施例1〜3、比較例1及び2に係る5種類の角形の非水電解質二次電池(5mm×34mm×43mm)を作製した。
上述のようにして作製した各種電池について、以下に示した充放電条件下で充放電サイクル試験を行った。なお、充放電サイクル試験は全て25℃に維持された恒温槽中で行ない、また、電圧値は全てリチウム基準の電圧である。まず最初に、各電池について、1It(1C)の定電流で充電し、電池電圧が4.4Vに達した後は4.4Vの定電圧で電流値が1/50Itになるまで充電し、その後、1Itの定電流で電池電圧が3.0Vに達するまで放電を行い、この時の放電容量を初期容量として求めた。充放電サイクル特性の測定は、初期容量を測定した各電池について、1Itの定電流で電池電圧が4.4Vに達するまで充電した後に4.4Vの定電圧で電流値が1/50Itになるまで充電し、その後、1Itの定電流で電池電圧が3.0Vに達するまで放電することを1サイクルとし、300サイクルに達するまで繰返して300サイクル後の放電容量を求めた。そして、各電池について以下の計算式に基いて25℃における300サイクル後の容量残存率(%)をサイクル特性値として求めた。結果をまとめて表2に示した。
容量残存率(%)=(300サイクル後の放電容量/初期容量)×100
25℃において、415mAの充電電流で電池電圧が12Vになるまで定電流充電をおこない、電池の変化を観察した。電池の変化は、以下の基準でおこなった。
LEVEL1:異常なし。(電解液のリークなし)
LEVEL2:異常なし。(電解液のリークはあり)
LEVEL3:発煙
LEVEL4:発火
LEVEL5:破裂
そして、安全性の観点からLEVEL1のもの及びLEVEL2のものを合格品とし、結果をまとめて表2に示した。なお、表2においては、LEVEL1のものを◎印で、LEVEL2のものを○印で表してある。
25℃において、1Itの定電流で電池電圧が4.4Vに達するまで充電した後に4.4Vの定電圧で電流値が1/50Itになるまで充電した電池を、80℃の恒温槽中に48時間放置し、その後25℃まで冷却した際の電池の厚み変化をマイクロメーターで測定した。結果をまとめて表2に示した。
11 正極板
12 負極板
13 セパレータ
14 扁平状の渦巻状電極体
15 角形の電池外装缶
16 封口板
17 絶縁体
18 負極端子
19 集電体
20 絶縁スペーサ
21 電解質注入孔
Claims (9)
- 前記構造式(I)で表される化合物の含有量が、非水電解質質量に対して0.1〜2.0質量%であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記非水電解質は、さらにビニレンカーボネートを含有していることを特徴とする請求項1または2のいずれかに記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記正極活物質の電位がリチウム基準で4.4〜4.6Vであることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記構造式(I)で表される化合物の含有量が、非水電解質質量に対して0.1〜2.0質量%であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の非水電解質二次電池の充電方法。
- 前記構造式(I)で表される化合物の含有量が、非水電解質質量に対して0.1〜2.0質量%であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の非水電解質。
- 前記正極活物質の電位がリチウム基準で4.4〜4.6Vであることを特徴とする請求項7または8のいずれかに記載の非水電解質二次電池。
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JP2006017286A JP4783168B2 (ja) | 2006-01-26 | 2006-01-26 | 非水電解質二次電池、非水電解質及びその充電方法 |
CNA2007100014540A CN101009391A (zh) | 2006-01-26 | 2007-01-08 | 非水电解质二次电池、非水电解质及其充电方法 |
KR1020070003840A KR101304079B1 (ko) | 2006-01-26 | 2007-01-12 | 비수 전해질 2차 전지, 비수 전해질 및 그 충전 방법 |
US11/656,486 US8026000B2 (en) | 2006-01-26 | 2007-01-23 | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, nonaqueous electrolyte, and charging method therefor |
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JP5019892B2 (ja) * | 2007-01-23 | 2012-09-05 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
JP2008204810A (ja) * | 2007-02-20 | 2008-09-04 | Toshiba Corp | 非水電解質二次電池の充電方法および充電装置 |
US20080286657A1 (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2008-11-20 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
US20090053609A1 (en) * | 2007-08-22 | 2009-02-26 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Non-aqueous electrolyte battery |
WO2009057515A1 (ja) * | 2007-11-01 | 2009-05-07 | Ube Industries, Ltd. | スルホン酸フェニル化合物、それを用いた非水電解液及びリチウム電池 |
JP2009140921A (ja) * | 2007-11-15 | 2009-06-25 | Ube Ind Ltd | スルホン酸フェニル化合物、それを用いた非水電解液、及びリチウム電池 |
KR20090050951A (ko) * | 2007-11-16 | 2009-05-20 | 산요덴키가부시키가이샤 | 비수전해질 이차전지 |
KR101023374B1 (ko) * | 2007-11-27 | 2011-03-18 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 비수 전해액 첨가제 및 이를 이용한 이차 전지 |
US20110281179A1 (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2011-11-17 | Ube Industries, Ltd. | Non-aqueous electrolytic solution, and lithium battery comprising same |
JP2012532419A (ja) * | 2009-06-29 | 2012-12-13 | アプライド マテリアルズ インコーポレイテッド | エネルギー貯蔵デバイスにおける3次元銅含有電極の固体電解質界面のためのパッシベーション膜 |
JP2011044352A (ja) * | 2009-08-21 | 2011-03-03 | Sony Corp | 電解質および電池 |
JP5471617B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-05 | 2014-04-16 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 非水系電解液及びそれを用いた非水系電解液二次電池 |
KR102008671B1 (ko) | 2010-08-05 | 2019-08-08 | 후지필름 와코 준야꾸 가부시키가이샤 | 비수계 전해액 및 그를 사용한 비수계 전해액 전지 |
KR101867807B1 (ko) * | 2010-08-05 | 2018-06-18 | 와코 쥰야꾸 고교 가부시키가이샤 | 비수계 전해액, 그 제조법, 및 당해 전해액을 사용한 비수계 전해액 전지 |
US8329336B2 (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-12-11 | General Electric Company | Composition and energy storage device |
CN104160530B (zh) * | 2012-03-09 | 2017-09-05 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 非水电解液二次电池 |
WO2016068142A1 (ja) * | 2014-10-27 | 2016-05-06 | 日立化成株式会社 | リチウムイオン電池 |
CN104810564B (zh) * | 2015-04-28 | 2017-03-15 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | 一种用作锂离子电池过充保护剂的氧化还原梭 |
CN107851809B (zh) * | 2015-09-30 | 2020-11-17 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | 碱性干电池 |
CN112397783B (zh) * | 2019-08-12 | 2022-03-15 | 杉杉新材料(衢州)有限公司 | 用于硅碳负极的电池电解液及含该电解液的锂离子电池 |
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US20020110735A1 (en) | 2000-12-18 | 2002-08-15 | Farnham William B. | Additive for lithium-ion battery |
US8658125B2 (en) | 2001-10-25 | 2014-02-25 | Panasonic Corporation | Positive electrode active material and non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery containing the same |
JP4140251B2 (ja) | 2002-03-13 | 2008-08-27 | 宇部興産株式会社 | 非水電解液およびそれを用いたリチウム二次電池 |
JP2004214139A (ja) | 2003-01-08 | 2004-07-29 | Sony Corp | 電解液およびそれを用いた電池 |
JP4297709B2 (ja) * | 2003-03-25 | 2009-07-15 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
JP4283593B2 (ja) | 2003-05-22 | 2009-06-24 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 非水系電解液及びそれを用いた非水系電解液二次電池 |
JP4737952B2 (ja) * | 2003-07-24 | 2011-08-03 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解液二次電池 |
KR101194618B1 (ko) * | 2003-09-17 | 2012-10-25 | 우베 고산 가부시키가이샤 | 비수 전해액 및 그것을 사용한 리튬 2차 전지 |
JP4660164B2 (ja) | 2004-03-29 | 2011-03-30 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
JP4530822B2 (ja) * | 2004-11-30 | 2010-08-25 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池及びその充電方法 |
KR101229133B1 (ko) * | 2005-01-20 | 2013-02-01 | 우베 고산 가부시키가이샤 | 비수 전해액 및 그것을 이용한 리튬 2차 전지 |
JP4794180B2 (ja) * | 2005-02-24 | 2011-10-19 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
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