JP7335431B2 - クリア状態において非常に低いヘイズと可視グリッドとを有する電気作動可変透過フィルム - Google Patents
クリア状態において非常に低いヘイズと可視グリッドとを有する電気作動可変透過フィルム Download PDFInfo
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
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- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
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- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/1675—Constructional details
- G02F1/1679—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells
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Description
本願は、2019年9月30日に出願された英国特許出願第1914105.0号、および2019年10月16日に出願された英国特許出願第1914933.5号の優先権を主張する。本明細書に開示される全ての参考文献、特許、および特許出願は、参照することによってそれらの全体として組み込まれる。
本発明は、選択的な光制御における使用のために、特に、スマートガラス用途のために透明光状態を提供する構築物を有する電気泳動デバイスに関する。
本発明は、例えば、以下を提供する。
(項目1)
セル(300、303、304)を備えている光減衰器(200、203、204)であって、前記セルは、第1の透明基板(190)と第2の透明基板(190)とを有し、前記第1の透明基板と第2の透明基板とは、それぞれの視認面(150、153、154)を画定し、向かい合っている主表面を有し、前記向かい合っている主表面は、透明電極(160)を有し、間隔を置かれ(5)、それらの間にボリュームを提供し、前記ボリュームは、透明ポリマー構造(100、103、104)と、電気泳動インク(1、2、3)とを含み、前記インクは、透明流体(15、16、17)中に分散させられた荷電粒子(10、11、12)を含み、
前記荷電粒子は、前記電極に印加される電場に応答して、粒子が前記セル内で最大限に分散させられ、前記セルを通した太陽光の経路内にあり、太陽光を減衰させる第1の極端な光状態と、第2の極端な光状態との間で移動し、前記第2の極端な光状態において、前記粒子は、前記ポリマー構造によって画定される場所(130、133、134)において前記セル内で最大限に集中させられ、前記セルを通した前記太陽光の経路からそれらを除去し、前記太陽光を透過させ、視覚アクセスを提供し、
前記第2の光状態において、前記光減衰器の視認面は、透明エリア(30、34)上に当接する減衰エリア(20、24)の可視パターンを有し、前記減衰エリアおよび透明エリアは、それぞれ、前記集中させられた粒子の有無によって画定され、
前記可視パターンの繰り返し単位は、減衰エリアと透明エリアとから成り、前記繰り返しの使用は、0.3mm~3cmの寸法(50、55および60、65)を有する一方、隣接した減衰エリアの中心間距離(40、41)または隣接した透明エリアの前記中心間距離(45、46)は、0.6mm~6cmである、光減衰器(200、203、204)。
(項目2)
前記パターンにおけるエリアの各々は、前記視認面から0.5Mの距離において2分より大きい角度(80、90)に対し、前記当接されるエリアは、4分より大きい角度(70)に対する、項目1に記載の光減衰器。
(項目3)
前記パターンは、繰り返しパターンであり、前記中心間距離(40、45)は、ピッチ(1041)と同じである、項目1に記載の光減衰器。
(項目4)
ある実施形態の正面視における前記透明エリアは、総活性面積(すなわち、切り替え可能面積)の60%以上であり、好ましくは、62%以上であり、より好ましくは、65%以上であり、最も好ましくは、70%以上であり、前記可視パターンは、減衰エリアのパターンとして知覚可能である、項目1に記載の光減衰器。
(項目5)
前記可視パターンは、前記視覚アクセス上に重ねられる、項目4に記載の光減衰器。
(項目6)
前記繰り返しパターンは、前記第2の光状態において可視であり、前記第1の光状態において区別不可能である切り替え可能グリッドであり、前記グリッドは、前記荷電粒子の色である、項目3に記載の光減衰器。
(項目7)
前記エリアの形状は、モアレパターンの機会、およびサイズの分布を最小化するように選択される、項目1に記載の光減衰器。
(項目8)
前記隣接した減衰エリアの中心間距離および前記隣接した透明エリアの中心間距離は、0.6mm以上、項目1に記載の光減衰器。
(項目9)
前記中心間距離は、好ましい順序に、0.62mm~5.8cm、0.65mm~5.5cm、0.7mm~5.14cm、0.8mm~4.5cm、1.0mm~3.6cmであり、最も好ましくは、1.25mm~3cmであり、それに対応して、前記当接する減衰エリアおよび透明エリアの各々は、好ましい順序に、0.31mm~2.9cm、0.325mm~2.75cm、0.35mm~2.57cm、0.4mm~2.25cm、0.5mm~1.8cmであり、最も好ましくは、0.625mm~1.5cmである1つ以上の寸法を有する、項目1に記載の光減衰器。
(項目10)
前記透明エリアの距離(61)は、前記ピッチ(1041)の75%以上であり、前記減衰エリアの距離(51)は、25%以下である、項目3に記載の光減衰器。
(項目11)
前記ポリマー構造は、前記基板の間隔を保ち、前記ボリュームを別々の空洞の単分子層に分割し、前記単分子層は、ポリマー壁を有し、前記電気泳動インクで充填され、好ましくは、前記ポリマー構造は、前記空洞内に前記インクをシールするシール層を含む、項目1に記載の光減衰器。
(項目12)
前記視認面において壁エリアの色が前記減衰エリアの色に合致するように、色層が、前記ポリマー壁に選択的に適用されている、項目11に記載の光減衰器。
(項目13)
前記集中させられた荷電粒子の前記場所は、前記ポリマー壁にある、項目11に記載の光減衰器。
(項目14)
前記集中させられた荷電粒子の前記場所は、前記ポリマー構造内の別々のリザーバ内にあり、前記場所は、前記壁と一致していない、項目11に記載の光減衰器。
(項目15)
前記集中させられた荷電粒子の前記場所は、前記ポリマー構造内の突出部間のくぼみまたはチャネル内にあり、前記場所は、前記壁と一致していることも、一致していないこともある、項目11に記載の光減衰器。
(項目16)
色マスクが、前記場所によって画定される前記基板または電極の表面に選択的に適用され、前記色マスクと同じの側における前記視認面において、前記場所の色は、前記荷電粒子の色と異なり、前記色マスクは、前記第2の光状態における前記集中させられた荷電粒子をマスクし、前記減衰エリアに対応するエリアを形成する、項目1に記載の光減衰器。
(項目17)
前記電気泳動インクは、正荷電、負荷電、異なる電気泳動移動性、および/または異なる色を含む2つ以上の荷電粒子タイプを有する、項目1に記載の光減衰器。
(項目18)
前記電気泳動インクは、各々が他方と異なる電気泳動移動性および色を有するが、同じ荷電極性である2つの荷電粒子タイプを有し、前記第2の光状態において、前記2つのタイプは、それらが前記場所において集中するにつれて、分離し、一方のタイプは、前記視認面のうちの1つに対して他方をマスクする、項目17に記載の光減衰器。
(項目19)
前記荷電粒子は、前記第1および第2の光状態間を移動し、前記第1の状態と第2の状態との中間である少なくとも1つの光状態を提供する、項目1に記載の光減衰器。
(項目20)
ある実施形態は、前記光減衰器を組み込む窓、ミラー、光シャッタ、光変調器、可変光透過シート、可変光吸光シート、可変光反射シート、車両のための電気泳動サンバイザ、またはシースルーディスプレイのうちの1つを含む、項目1に記載の光減衰器。
その荷電粒子(12)が、ポリマー表面(117)にわたって移動し、第2の光状態において、別々のリザーバまたは穴部(134)内に集中する。
対される角度=tan(0.6/500)
=0.0012(ラジアン)
=4.125(分)
実施形態における可視パターン内の最小の0.3mm寸法における対される角度(80)および(90)に関する対応する計算は、2.06分である。
対される角度=tan(0.3/500)
=0.0006(ラジアン)
=2.063(分)
Claims (17)
- セル(300、303、304)を備えている光減衰器(200、203、204)であって、前記セルは、第1の透明基板(190)および第2の透明基板(190)を有し、前記第1の透明基板および前記第2の透明基板は、それぞれの視認面(150、153、154)を画定し、向かい合っている主表面を有し、前記向かい合っている主表面は、透明電極(160)を有し、間隔を置かれ(5)、それらの間にボリュームを提供し、前記ボリュームは、透明ポリマー構造(100、103、104)と電気泳動インク(1、2、3)とを含み、前記電気泳動インクは、透明流体(15、16、17)中に分散させられた荷電粒子(10、11、12)を含み、
前記荷電粒子は、前記透明電極に印加される電場に応答して、第1の極端な光状態と第2の極端な光状態との間で移動し、前記第1の極端な光状態において、前記荷電粒子が前記セル内で最大限に分散させられ、前記セルを通した太陽光の経路内にあり、太陽光を減衰させ、前記第2の極端な光状態において、前記荷電粒子は、前記透明ポリマー構造によって画定される場所(130、133、134)において前記セル内で最大限に集中させられ、前記セルを通した前記太陽光の経路から前記荷電粒子を除去し、前記太陽光を透過させ、視覚アクセスを提供し、
前記第2の極端な光状態において、前記光減衰器の視認面は、透明エリア(30、34)上に当接する減衰エリア(20、24)の可視パターンを有し、前記減衰エリアおよび前記透明エリアは、それぞれ、前記集中させられた荷電粒子の有無によって画定され、
前記可視パターンの繰り返し単位は、減衰エリアおよび透明エリアから成り、前記減衰エリアおよび前記透明エリアのそれぞれは、0.3mm~3cmの1つ以上の寸法(50、55および60、65)を有する一方、隣接した減衰エリアの中心間距離(40、41)または隣接した透明エリアの中心間距離(45、46)は、0.6mm~6cmである、光減衰器(200、203、204)。 - 前記可視パターンは、繰り返しパターンであり、前記中心間距離(40、45)は、ピッチ(1041)と同一である、請求項1に記載の光減衰器。
- 前記視認面における前記透明エリアは、総活性面積(すなわち、切り替え可能面積)の60%以上であり、前記可視パターンは、減衰エリアのパターンとして知覚可能である、請求項1に記載の光減衰器。
- 前記繰り返しパターンは、切り替え可能なグリッドであり、前記切り替え可能なグリッドは、前記第2の極端な光状態において可視であり、かつ、前記第1の極端な光状態において区別不可能であり、前記グリッドは、前記荷電粒子の色である、請求項2に記載の光減衰器。
- 前記減衰エリアおよび前記透明エリアの形状は、モアレパターンの機会およびサイズの分布を最小化するように選択される、請求項1に記載の光減衰器。
- 前記隣接した減衰エリアの中心間距離および前記隣接した透明エリアの中心間距離は、0.6mm以上である、請求項1に記載の光減衰器。
- 前記中心間距離は、0.62mm~5.8cmであり、前記当接する減衰エリアおよび透明エリアのそれぞれは、0.31mm~2.9cmである1つ以上の寸法を有する、請求項1に記載の光減衰器。
- 前記透明エリアの幅(61)は、前記ピッチ(1041)の75%以上であり、前記減衰エリアの幅(51)は、25%以下である、請求項2に記載の光減衰器。
- 前記透明ポリマー構造は、前記第1の透明基板と前記第2の透明基板との間隔を保ち、前記ボリュームを別々の空洞の単分子層に分割し、前記単分子層は、ポリマー壁を有し、前記電気泳動インクで充填されている、請求項1に記載の光減衰器。
- 前記視認面において壁エリアの色が前記減衰エリアの色に合致するように、色層が、前記ポリマー壁に選択的に適用されている、請求項9に記載の光減衰器。
- 前記集中させられた荷電粒子の前記場所は、前記ポリマー壁にある、請求項9に記載の光減衰器。
- 前記集中させられた荷電粒子の前記場所は、前記透明ポリマー構造内の別々のリザーバ内にあり、前記場所は、前記ポリマー壁と一致していない、請求項9に記載の光減衰器。
- 前記集中させられた荷電粒子の前記場所は、前記透明ポリマー構造内の複数の突出部の間のくぼみまたはチャネル内にあり、前記場所は、前記ポリマー壁と一致していることも、一致していないこともある、請求項9に記載の光減衰器。
- 色マスクが、前記場所によって画定される前記透明ポリマー構造の表面に選択的に適用され、前記色マスクと同一の側における前記視認面において、前記場所の色は、前記荷電粒子の色と異なり、前記色マスクは、前記第2の極端な光状態における前記集中させられた荷電粒子をマスクし、前記減衰エリアに対応するエリアを形成する、請求項1に記載の光減衰器。
- 前記電気泳動インクは、正荷電、負荷電、異なる電気泳動移動性、および/または、異なる色を含む2つ以上の荷電粒子タイプを有する、請求項1に記載の光減衰器。
- 前記電気泳動インクは、2つの荷電粒子タイプを有し、前記2つの荷電粒子タイプのそれぞれは、他方と異なる電気泳動移動性および色を有するが、同一の荷電極性であり、前記第2の極端な光状態において、前記2つの荷電粒子タイプは、前記2つの荷電粒子タイプが前記場所において集中するにつれて、分離し、一方の荷電粒子タイプは、前記視認面のうちの1つに対して他方をマスクする、請求項15に記載の光減衰器。
- 前記荷電粒子は、前記第1の極端な光状態と前記第2の極端な光状態との間を移動することにより、前記第1の極端な光状態と前記第2の極端な光状態との中間である少なくとも1つの光状態を提供する、請求項1に記載の光減衰器。
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TWI820718B (zh) | 2023-11-01 |
US11520210B2 (en) | 2022-12-06 |
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TWI766383B (zh) | 2022-06-01 |
TW202127126A (zh) | 2021-07-16 |
EP4038452A1 (en) | 2022-08-10 |
AU2020359430A1 (en) | 2022-02-17 |
KR20220050949A (ko) | 2022-04-25 |
GB201914933D0 (en) | 2019-11-27 |
AU2023202767A1 (en) | 2023-05-18 |
TW202234135A (zh) | 2022-09-01 |
EP4038452A4 (en) | 2023-10-04 |
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