PL3191892T3 - Kolorowe wyświetlacze elektroforetyczne - Google Patents
Kolorowe wyświetlacze elektroforetyczneInfo
- Publication number
- PL3191892T3 PL3191892T3 PL15839834T PL15839834T PL3191892T3 PL 3191892 T3 PL3191892 T3 PL 3191892T3 PL 15839834 T PL15839834 T PL 15839834T PL 15839834 T PL15839834 T PL 15839834T PL 3191892 T3 PL3191892 T3 PL 3191892T3
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- electrophoretic displays
- colored electrophoretic
- colored
- displays
- electrophoretic
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/3433—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices
- G09G3/344—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices based on particles moving in a fluid or in a gas, e.g. electrophoretic devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/0001—Post-treatment of organic pigments or dyes
- C09B67/0004—Coated particulate pigments or dyes
- C09B67/0008—Coated particulate pigments or dyes with organic coatings
- C09B67/0013—Coated particulate pigments or dyes with organic coatings with polymeric coatings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
- G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/1685—Operation of cells; Circuit arrangements affecting the entire cell
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/2003—Display of colours
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/1675—Constructional details
- G02F2001/1678—Constructional details characterised by the composition or particle type
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/12—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode
- G02F2201/121—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode common or background
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/12—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode
- G02F2201/123—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode pixel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
- G02F2203/34—Colour display without the use of colour mosaic filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
- G09G2300/0439—Pixel structures
- G09G2300/0452—Details of colour pixel setup, e.g. pixel composed of a red, a blue and two green components
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/06—Details of flat display driving waveforms
- G09G2310/061—Details of flat display driving waveforms for resetting or blanking
- G09G2310/063—Waveforms for resetting the whole screen at once
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/06—Details of flat display driving waveforms
- G09G2310/068—Application of pulses of alternating polarity prior to the drive pulse in electrophoretic displays
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201462048591P | 2014-09-10 | 2014-09-10 | |
US201562169221P | 2015-06-01 | 2015-06-01 | |
US201562169710P | 2015-06-02 | 2015-06-02 | |
EP15839834.7A EP3191892B1 (en) | 2014-09-10 | 2015-09-10 | Colored electrophoretic displays |
PCT/US2015/049421 WO2016040627A1 (en) | 2014-09-10 | 2015-09-10 | Colored electrophoretic displays |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
PL3191892T3 true PL3191892T3 (pl) | 2020-06-29 |
Family
ID=55459571
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PL15839834T PL3191892T3 (pl) | 2014-09-10 | 2015-09-10 | Kolorowe wyświetlacze elektroforetyczne |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (5) | US9921451B2 (pl) |
EP (2) | EP3633662A1 (pl) |
JP (2) | JP6272623B2 (pl) |
KR (2) | KR101824723B1 (pl) |
CN (2) | CN110824805B (pl) |
ES (1) | ES2772138T3 (pl) |
PL (1) | PL3191892T3 (pl) |
TW (3) | TWI625584B (pl) |
WO (1) | WO2016040627A1 (pl) |
Families Citing this family (64)
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US10324353B2 (en) | 2013-10-22 | 2019-06-18 | Vlyte Innovations Limited | Wide operating temperature range electrophoretic device |
CN110824805B (zh) | 2014-09-10 | 2021-05-11 | 伊英克公司 | 彩色电泳显示器 |
US10657869B2 (en) | 2014-09-10 | 2020-05-19 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for driving color electrophoretic displays |
US10198983B2 (en) | 2015-06-02 | 2019-02-05 | E Ink Corporation | Apparatus for driving displays |
JP6739540B2 (ja) | 2016-03-09 | 2020-08-12 | イー インク コーポレイション | 電気光学ディスプレイを駆動するための方法 |
US10593272B2 (en) | 2016-03-09 | 2020-03-17 | E Ink Corporation | Drivers providing DC-balanced refresh sequences for color electrophoretic displays |
CN110192149A (zh) * | 2017-01-20 | 2019-08-30 | 伊英克加利福尼亚有限责任公司 | 有色有机颜料和含有该颜料的电泳显示介质 |
KR102174880B1 (ko) | 2017-03-06 | 2020-11-05 | 이 잉크 코포레이션 | 칼라 이미지들을 렌더링하는 방법 |
JP6818915B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-09 | 2021-01-27 | イー インク コーポレイション | カラー電気泳動ディスプレイのためのdc平衡リフレッシュシーケンスを提供するドライバ |
US9995987B1 (en) | 2017-03-20 | 2018-06-12 | E Ink Corporation | Composite particles and method for making the same |
EP3616188A4 (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2021-04-21 | E Ink California, LLC | COLOR DISPLAY DEVICE DRIVING METHODS |
US10809590B2 (en) | 2017-06-16 | 2020-10-20 | E Ink Corporation | Variable transmission electrophoretic devices |
JP6959361B2 (ja) | 2017-06-16 | 2021-11-02 | イー インク コーポレイション | ゼラチン結合剤中にカプセルに包まれた顔料を含む電気光学媒体 |
US10962816B2 (en) | 2017-06-16 | 2021-03-30 | E Ink Corporation | Flexible color-changing fibers and fabrics |
CN109493808B (zh) | 2017-09-12 | 2020-11-17 | 元太科技工业股份有限公司 | 显示装置 |
WO2019079267A1 (en) | 2017-10-18 | 2019-04-25 | E Ink Corporation | DIGITAL MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES COMPRISING DOUBLE THIN FILM TRANSISTOR DUAL SUBSTRATES AND CAPACITIVE DETECTION |
US11079651B2 (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2021-08-03 | E Ink Corporation | Multi-color electro-optic media |
US11248122B2 (en) | 2017-12-30 | 2022-02-15 | E Ink Corporation | Pigments for electrophoretic displays |
WO2019194806A1 (en) | 2018-04-05 | 2019-10-10 | E Ink Corporation | Composite particles and method for making the same |
RU2770317C1 (ru) * | 2018-07-17 | 2022-04-15 | Е Инк Калифорния, Ллс | Электрооптические дисплеи и способы их возбуждения |
KR102521144B1 (ko) | 2018-08-10 | 2023-04-12 | 이 잉크 캘리포니아 엘엘씨 | 쌍안정 전기영동 유체를 포함하는 전환가능한 광 시준층에 대한 구동 파형들 |
WO2020033789A1 (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2020-02-13 | E Ink California, Llc | Switchable light-collimating layer with reflector |
US11397366B2 (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2022-07-26 | E Ink California, Llc | Switchable light-collimating layer including bistable electrophoretic fluid |
US11224138B2 (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2022-01-11 | Apple Inc. | Electronic device coatings with ultraviolet light stability |
US11353759B2 (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2022-06-07 | Nuclera Nucleics Ltd. | Backplanes with hexagonal and triangular electrodes |
CN112740087B (zh) | 2018-10-01 | 2023-07-04 | 伊英克公司 | 电光纤维及其制造方法 |
US11635640B2 (en) | 2018-10-01 | 2023-04-25 | E Ink Corporation | Switching fibers for textiles |
TWI730448B (zh) | 2018-10-15 | 2021-06-11 | 美商電子墨水股份有限公司 | 數位微流體輸送裝置 |
US11754903B1 (en) | 2018-11-16 | 2023-09-12 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic assemblies and materials for use therein |
US11402719B2 (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2022-08-02 | E Ink Corporation | Retroreflective electro-optic displays |
US10823373B2 (en) | 2018-12-17 | 2020-11-03 | E Ink Corporation | Light emitting device including variable transmission film to control intensity and pattern |
KR20240015750A (ko) * | 2019-02-25 | 2024-02-05 | 이 잉크 코포레이션 | 복합 전기영동 입자들 및 복합 전기영동 입자들을 함유하는 가변 투과 필름들 |
US11456397B2 (en) | 2019-03-12 | 2022-09-27 | E Ink Corporation | Energy harvesting electro-optic displays |
WO2020226985A1 (en) | 2019-05-03 | 2020-11-12 | E Ink Corporation | Layered structure with high dielectric constant for use with active matrix backplanes |
US11460722B2 (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2022-10-04 | E Ink Corporation | Colored electrophoretic displays |
US11761123B2 (en) | 2019-08-07 | 2023-09-19 | E Ink Corporation | Switching ribbons for textiles |
GB201914105D0 (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-11-13 | Vlyte Innovations Ltd | A see-through electrophoretic device having a visible grid |
KR20220069973A (ko) * | 2019-11-14 | 2022-05-27 | 이 잉크 코포레이션 | 반대로 대전된 입자들을 포함하는 전기 광학 매체 및 그것을 포함하는 가변 투과 디바이스 |
US11747701B2 (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2023-09-05 | E Ink Corporation | Color electrophoretic layer including microcapsules with nonionic polymeric walls |
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CN116529666A (zh) | 2020-06-03 | 2023-08-01 | 伊英克公司 | 包括非导电支撑板的可折叠电泳显示器模块 |
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EP4162482A4 (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2024-07-03 | E Ink Corp | METHODS FOR OBTAINING COLOR STATES OF LESS CHARGED PARTICLES IN AN ELECTROPHORETIC MEDIUM COMPRISING AT LEAST FOUR TYPES OF PARTICLES |
WO2022045627A1 (ko) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-03-03 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | 광 경로 제어 부재 및 이를 포함하는 디스플레이 장치 |
US11846863B2 (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2023-12-19 | E Ink Corporation | Coordinated top electrode—drive electrode voltages for switching optical state of electrophoretic displays using positive and negative voltages of different magnitudes |
US11776496B2 (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2023-10-03 | E Ink Corporation | Driving voltages for advanced color electrophoretic displays and displays with improved driving voltages |
KR20230050436A (ko) | 2020-09-15 | 2023-04-14 | 이 잉크 코포레이션 | 고속의 고-콘트라스트 광학 상태 스위칭을 제공하는 4 입자 전기영동 매체 |
US11495184B2 (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-11-08 | Chongqing Boe Smart Electronics System Co., Ltd. | Control method of electronic ink screen, display control device and electronic ink display apparatus |
KR20220049364A (ko) * | 2020-10-14 | 2022-04-21 | 동우 화인켐 주식회사 | 전기영동 디스플레이 장치 및 이의 제조방법 |
JP2023544208A (ja) * | 2020-11-02 | 2023-10-20 | イー インク コーポレイション | カラー画像をレンダリングするための方法および装置 |
CN116490913A (zh) * | 2020-11-02 | 2023-07-25 | 伊英克公司 | 用于在多色电泳显示器中实现原色集的增强型推挽(epp)波形 |
US11756494B2 (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2023-09-12 | E Ink Corporation | Driving sequences to remove prior state information from color electrophoretic displays |
WO2022096882A1 (en) | 2020-11-04 | 2022-05-12 | Nuclera Nucleics Ltd | Dielectric layers for digital microfluidic devices |
WO2022173691A1 (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2022-08-18 | E Ink Corporation | Continuous waveform driving in multi-color electrophoretic displays |
US11580920B2 (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2023-02-14 | E Ink California, Llc | Synchronized driving waveforms for four-particle electrophoretic displays |
CN113380201B (zh) * | 2021-06-22 | 2023-06-30 | 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 | 电子纸显示屏及其显示控制方法、电子纸显示装置 |
AU2022339893A1 (en) | 2021-09-06 | 2024-01-25 | E Ink Corporation | Method for driving electrophoretic display device |
WO2023043714A1 (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2023-03-23 | E Ink Corporation | Coordinated top electrode - drive electrode voltages for switching optical state of electrophoretic displays using positive and negative voltages of different magnitudes |
CN118019705A (zh) * | 2021-09-28 | 2024-05-10 | 基美电子公司 | 先进的聚合物分散体及基于其的电容器 |
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TW202326265A (zh) | 2021-12-24 | 2023-07-01 | 元太科技工業股份有限公司 | 電子紙顯示裝置及電子紙顯示面板 |
US20230213790A1 (en) | 2022-01-04 | 2023-07-06 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic media comprising electrophoretic particles and a combination of charge control agents |
US11984088B2 (en) | 2022-04-27 | 2024-05-14 | E Ink Corporation | Color displays configured to convert RGB image data for display on advanced color electronic paper |
US20240078981A1 (en) | 2022-08-25 | 2024-03-07 | E Ink Corporation | Transitional driving modes for impulse balancing when switching between global color mode and direct update mode for electrophoretic displays |
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